共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 359 毫秒
1.
X. Wang R. Trigiano M. Windham B. Scheffler T. Rinehart J. Spiers 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2008,4(3):461-468
Abundant, codominant simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers can be used for constructing genetic linkage maps and in marker-assisted
breeding programs. Enrichment methods for SSR motifs were optimized with the ultimate aim of developing numerous loci in flowering
dogwood (C. florida L.) genome. Small insert libraries using four motifs (GT, CT, TGG, and AAC) were constructed with C. florida ‘Cherokee Brave’ deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of 2,208 selected clones with three
primers we reported previously indicated that 47% or 1,034 of the clones harbored one of the four targeted SSR motifs. Sequencing
the putative positive clones confirmed that nearly 99% (1,021 of 1,034) of them contained the desired motifs. Of the 871 unique
SSR loci, 617 were dinucleotide repeats (70.8%), and 254 were trinucleotide or longer repeats (29.2%). In total, 379 SSR loci
had perfect structure, 237 had interrupted, and 255 had compound structure. Primer pairs were designed from 351 unique sequences.
The ability of the 351 SSR primer pairs to amplify specific loci was evaluated with genomic DNA of ‘Appalachian Spring’ and
‘Cherokee Brave’. Of these primers, 311 successfully amplified product(s) with ‘Cherokee Brave’ DNA, 21 produced weak or faint
products, and 19 did not amplify any products. Additionally, 218 of the 311 primers pairs revealed polymorphisms between the
two cultivars, and 20 out of 218 primers detected an average of 13.7 alleles from 38 selected Cornus species and hybrids. These SSR loci constitute a valuable resource of ideal markers for both genetic linkage mapping and
gene tagging of flowering dogwood.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
2.
A linkage map of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) genome containing cloned sequences of known function and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
B. J. Gilpin J. A. McCallum T. J. Frew G. M. Timmerman-Vaughan 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(8):1289-1299
A linkage map of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) genome is presented which is based on F2 plants produced by crossing the marrowfat cultivar ‘Primo’ and the blue-pea breeding line ‘OSU442-15’. This linkage map consists
of 209 markers and covers 1330 cM (Kosambi units) and includes RFLP, RAPD and AFLP markers. By mapping a number of anchor
loci, the ‘Primo’בOSU442-15’ map has been related to other pea linkage maps. A feature of the map is the incorporation of
29 loci representing genes of known function, obtained from other laboratories. The map also contains RFLP loci detected using
sequence-characterized cDNA clones developed in our laboratory. The putative identities of 38 of these cDNA clones were assigned
by examining public-sequence databases for protein or nucleotide-sequence similarities. The conversion of sequence-characterized
pea cDNAs into PCR-amplifiable and polymorphic sequence-tagged sites (STSs) was investigated using 18 pairs of primers designed
for single-copy sequences. Eleven polymorphic STSs were developed.
Received: 18 June 1997 / Accepted: 11 August 1997 相似文献
3.
Chengcheng Tan Yanqi Wu Charles M. Taliaferro Greg E. Bell Dennis L. Martin Mike W. Smith 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2014,289(4):523-531
Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are a major molecular tool for genetic and genomic research that have been extensively developed and used in major crops. However, few are available in African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy), an economically important warm-season turfgrass species. African bermudagrass is mainly used for hybridizations with common bermudagrass [C. dactylon var. dactylon (L.) Pers.] in the development of superior interspecific hybrid turfgrass cultivars. Accordingly, the major objective of this study was to develop and characterize a large set of SSR markers. Genomic DNA of C. transvaalensis ‘4200TN 24-2’ from an Oklahoma State University (OSU) turf nursery was extracted for construction of four SSR genomic libraries enriched with [CA] n , [GA] n , [AAG] n , and [AAT] n as core repeat motifs. A total of 3,064 clones were sequenced at the OSU core facility. The sequences were categorized into singletons and contiguous sequences to exclude redundancy. From the two sequence categories, 1,795 SSR loci were identified. After excluding duplicate SSRs by comparison with previously developed SSR markers using a nucleotide basic local alignment tool, 1,426 unique primer pairs (PPs) were designed. Out of the 1,426 designed PPs, 981 (68.8 %) amplified alleles of the expected size in the donor DNA. Polymorphisms of the SSR PPs tested in eight C. transvaalensis plants were 93 % polymorphic with 544 markers effective in all genotypes. Inheritance of the SSRs was examined in six F1 progeny of African parents ‘T577’ × ‘Uganda’, indicating 917 markers amplified heritable alleles. The SSR markers developed in the study are the first large set of co-dominant markers in African bermudagrass and should be highly valuable for molecular and traditional breeding research. 相似文献
4.
Sargent DJ Passey T Surbanovski N Lopez Girona E Kuchta P Davik J Harrison R Passey A Whitehouse AB Simpson DW 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(7):1229-1240
The linkage maps of the cultivated strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa (2n = 8x = 56) that have been reported to date have been developed predominantly from AFLPs, along with supplementation with transferrable
microsatellite (SSR) markers. For the investigation of the inheritance of morphological characters in the cultivated strawberry
and for the development of tools for marker-assisted breeding and selection, it is desirable to populate maps of the genome
with an abundance of transferrable molecular markers such as microsatellites (SSRs) and gene-specific markers. Exploiting
the recent release of the genome sequence of the diploid F. vesca, and the publication of an extensive number of polymorphic SSR markers for the genus Fragaria, we have extended the linkage map of the ‘Redgauntlet’ × ‘Hapil’ (RG × H) mapping population to include a further 330 loci,
generated from 160 primer pairs, to create a linkage map for F. × ananassa containing 549 loci, 490 of which are transferrable SSR or gene-specific markers. The map covers 2140.3 cM in the expected
28 linkage groups for an integrated map (where one group is composed of two separate male and female maps), which represents
an estimated 91% of the cultivated strawberry genome. Despite the relative saturation of the linkage map on the majority of
linkage groups, regions of apparent extensive homozygosity were identified in the genomes of ‘Redgauntlet’ and ‘Hapil’ which
may be indicative of allele fixation during the breeding and selection of modern F. × ananassa cultivars. The genomes of the octoploid and diploid Fragaria are largely collinear, but through comparison of mapped markers on the RG × H linkage map to their positions on the genome
sequence of F. vesca, a number of inversions were identified that may have occurred before the polyploidisation event that led to the evolution
of the modern octoploid strawberry species. 相似文献
5.
The unavailability of microsatellite markers and saturated genetic linkage map has restricted the genetic improvement of foxtail
millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.], despite the fact that in recent times it has been documented as a new model species for biofuel grasses.
With the objective to generate a good number of microsatellite markers in foxtail millet cultivar ‘Prasad’, 690 clones were
sequenced which generated 112.95 kb high quality sequences obtained from three genomic libraries each enriched with different
microsatellite repeat motifs. Microsatellites were identified in 512 (74.2%) of the 690 positive clones and 172 primer pairs
(pp) were successfully designed from 249 (48.6%) unique SSR-containing clones. The efficacies of the microsatellite containing
genomic sequences were established by superior primer designing ability (69%), PCR amplification efficiency (85.5%) and polymorphic
potential (52%) in the parents of F2 mapping population. Out of 172 pp, functional 147 markers showed high level of cross-species amplification (~74%) in six
grass species. Higher polymorphism rate and broad range of genetic diversity (0.30–0.69 averaging 0.58) obtained in constructed
phylogenetic tree using 52 microsatellite markers, demonstrated the utility of markers in germplasm characterizations. In
silico comparative mapping of 147 foxtail millet microsatellite containing sequences against the mapping data of sorghum (~18%),
maize (~16%) and rice (~5%) indicated the presence of orthologous sequences of the foxtail millet in the respective species.
The result thus demonstrates the applicability of microsatellite markers in various genotyping applications, determining phylogenetic
relationships and comparative mapping in several important grass species. 相似文献
6.
J. Perry Gustafson Xue-Feng Ma Viktor Korzun John W. Snape 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(4):793-800
A consensus map of rye (Secale cereale L.) was constructed using JoinMap 2.0 based on mapping data from five different mapping populations, including ‘UC90’ × ‘E-line’,
‘P87’ × ‘P105’, ‘I0.1-line’ × ‘I0.1-line’, ‘E-line’ × ‘R-line’, and ‘Ds2’ × ‘RxL10’. The integration of the five mapping populations resulted in a 779-cM map
containing 501 markers with the number of markers per chromosome ranging from 57 on 1R to 86 on 4R. The linkage sizes ranged
from 71.5 cM on 2R to 148.7 cM on 4R. A comparison of the individual maps to the consensus map revealed that the linear locus
order was generally in good agreement between the various populations, but the 4R orientations were not consistent among the
five individual maps. The 4R short arm and long arm assignments were switched between the two population maps involving the
‘E-line’ parent and the other three individual maps. Map comparisons also indicated that marker order variations exist among
the five individual maps. However, the chromosome 5R showed very little marker order variation among the five maps. The consensus
map not only integrated the linkage data from different maps, but also greatly increased the map resolution, thus, facilitating
molecular breeding activities involving rye and triticale. 相似文献
7.
8.
J. M. Soriano E. M. Vera-Ruiz S. Vilanova J. Martínez-Calvo G. Llácer M. L. Badenes C. Romero 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2008,4(3):391-402
Sharka disease, caused by the plum pox virus (PPV), is one of the major limiting factors for stone fruit crops in Europe and
America. In particular, apricot is severely affected suffering significant fruit losses. Thus, PPV resistance is a trait of
great interest for the apricot breeding programs currently in progress. In this work, two apricot maps, earlier constructed
with the F1 ‘Goldrich × Currot’ (G×C) and the F2 ‘Lito × Lito’-98 (L×L-98) populations, have been improved including 43 and 37 new simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, respectively,
to facilitate PPV resistance trait mapping. Screening of PPV resistance on the segregating populations classified seedling
phenotypes into resistant or susceptible. A non-parametric mapping method, based on the Kruskal–Wallis (KW) rank sum test,
was initially used to score marker–trait association, and results were confirmed by interval mapping. Contrary to the putative
digenic model inferred from the phenotypic segregations, all significant markers for the KW statistic (P < 0.005) mapped in a unique region of ~21.0 and ~20.3 cM located on the upper part of the G1 linkage group in ‘G×C’ and ‘L×L-98’
maps, respectively. According to the data, PPV resistance is suggested to be controlled by at least one major dominant locus.
The association between three SSRs distributed within this region and the PPV resistance was tested in two additional populations
(‘Goldrich × Canino’ and ‘Lito × Lito’-00) and breeding program parents. The marker ssrPaCITA5 showed the highest KW value
(P < 0.005) in all cases, pointing out its usefulness in marker-assisted selection.
Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
9.
Identification of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers for self-incompatibility alleles in Corylus avellana L. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K. W. Pomper A. N. Azarenko N. Bassil J. W. Davis S. A. Mehlenbacher 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(3):479-487
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were identified for self-incompatibility (SI) alleles that will allow marker-assisted
selection of desired S-alleles in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). DNA was extracted from young leaves collected from field-planted parents and 26 progeny of the cross OSU 23.017 (S1S12)×VR6-28 (S2S26) (OSU23×VR6). Screening of 10-base oligonucleotide RAPD primers was performed using bulked segregant analysis. DNA samples
from 6 trees each were pooled into four ‘bulks’, one for each of the following: S1 S2, S1 S26
, S2 S12, and S12 S26. ‘Super bulks’ of 12 trees each for S1, S2, S12, and S26 were then created for each allele by combining the appropriate bulks. The DNA from these four super bulks and from the parents
was used as a template in the PCR assays. A total of 250 primers were screened, and one RAPD marker each was identified for
alleles S2 (OPI07750) and S1 (OPJ141700). OPJ141700 was identified in 13 of 14 S1 individuals of the cross OSU23×VR6 used in bulking and yielded a false positive in 1 non-S1 individual. This same marker was not effective outside the original cross, identifying 4 of 5 S1 progeny in another cross, ‘Willamette’×VR6-28 (‘Will’×VR6), but yielded false positives in 4 of 9 non-S1 individuals from the cross ‘Casina’×VR6-28 (‘Cas’×VR6). OPI07750 served as an excellent marker for the S2 allele and was linked closely to this allele, identifying 12 of 13 S2 individuals in the OSU23×VR6 population with no false positives. OPI07750 was found in 4 of 4 S2 individuals from ‘Will’×VR and 7 of 7 S2 individuals of ‘Cas’×VR6 with no false positives, as well as 10 of 10 S2 individuals of the cross OSU 296.082 (S1S8)×VR8-32 (S2S26), with only 1 false positive individual out of 21 progeny. OPI07750 was also present in 5 of 5 cultivars carrying the S2 allele, with no false-positive bands in non-S2 cultivars, and correctly identified all but 2 S2 individuals in 57 additional selections in the breeding program. In the OSU23×VR6 population, the recombination rate between
the marker OPJ141700 and the S1 allele was 7.6% and between the OPI07750 marker and the S2 allele was 3.8%. RAPD marker bands were excised from gels, cloned, and sequenced to enable the production of longer primers
(18 or 24 bp) that were used to obtain sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs). Both the S1 and S2 markers were successfully cloned and 18 bp primers yielded the sole OPJ141700 product, while 24-bp primers yielded OPI07750 as well as an additional smaller product (700 bp) that was not polymorphic but was present in all of the S-genotypes examined.
Received: 10 January 1998 / Accepted: 26 January 1998 相似文献
10.
Cai HW Yuyama N Tamaki H Yoshizawa A 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,107(8):1337-1349
To develop simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for the hexaploid forage grass timothy (Phleum pratense L.), we used four SSR-enriched genomic libraries to isolate 1,331 SSR-containing clones. All four libraries contained a high percentage of perfect clones, ranging from 78.1% to 91.6%. From these clones, we developed 355 SSR markers when tested from 502 SSR primer pairs. Using all 355 SSR markers we tested one screening panel consisting of eight timothy clones to detect the level of polymorphism and identify a set of loci suitable for framework mapping. The SSR markers detected 90.4% polymorphism between the parents of a pseudo-testcross F1 population. These SSR markers will provide an ideal marker system to assist with gene targeting, QTL (quantitative trait locus) mapping, and marker-assisted selection in timothy.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 相似文献
11.
Sibylle Stoeckli Karsten Mody Andrea Patocchi Markus Kellerhals Silvia Dorn 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2009,5(1):257-267
The aim of this study was to assess the genetic basis of rust mite (Aculus schlechtendali) resistance in apple (Malus × domestica). A. schlechtendali infestation of apple trees has increased as a consequence of reduced side effects of modern fungicides on rust mites. An
analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) was carried out using linkage map data available for F1 progeny plants of the cultivars ‘Fiesta’ × ‘Discovery’. Apple trees representing 160 different genotypes were surveyed for
rust mite infestation, each at three different sites in two consecutive years. The distribution of rust mites on the individual
apple genotypes was aggregated and significantly affected by apple genotype and site. We identified two QTLs for A. schlechtendali resistance on linkage group 7 of ‘Fiesta’. The AFLP marker E35M42-0146 (20.2 cM) and the RAPD marker AE10-400 (45.8 cM) were
closest positioned to the QTLs and explained between 11.0% and 16.6% of the phenotypic variability. Additionally, putative
QTLs on the ‘Discovery’ chromosomes 4, 5 and 8 were detected. The SSR marker Hi03a10 identified to be associated to one of
the QTLs (AFLP marker E35M42-0146) was traced back in the ‘Fiesta’ pedigree to the apple cultivar ‘Wagener’. This marker may
facilitate the breeding of resistant apple cultivars by marker assisted selection. Furthermore, the genetic background of
rust mite resistance in existing cultivars can be evaluated by testing them for the identified SSR marker.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
12.
Schwander F Eibach R Fechter I Hausmann L Zyprian E Töpfer R 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(1):163-176
A population derived from a cross between grapevine breeding strain Gf.Ga-52-42 and cultivar ‘Solaris’ consisting of 265 F1-individuals
was genetically mapped using SSR markers and screened for downy mildew resistance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis
revealed two strong QTLs on linkage groups (LGs) 18 and 09. The locus on LG 18 was found to be identical with the previously
described locus Rpv3 and is transmitted by Gf.Ga-52-42. ‘Solaris’ transmitted the resistance-related locus on LG 09 explaining up to 50% of the
phenotypic variation in the population. This downy mildew resistance locus is named Rpv10 for resistance to Plasmopara viticola. Rpv10 was initially introgressed from Vitis amurensis, a wild species of the Asian Vitis gene pool. The one-LOD supported confidence interval of the QTL spans a section of 2.1 centi Morgan (cM) corresponding to
314 kb in the reference genome PN40024 (12x). Eight resistance gene analogues (RGAs) of the NBS–LRR type and additional resistance-linked
genes are located in this region of PN40024. The F1 sub-population which contains the Rpv3 as well as the Rpv10 locus showed a significantly higher degree of resistance, indicating additive effects by pyramiding of resistance loci. Possibilities
for using the resistance locus Rpv10 in a grapevine breeding programme are discussed. Furthermore, the marker data revealed ‘Severnyi’ × ‘Muscat Ottonel’ as the
true parentage for the male parent of ‘Solaris’. 相似文献
13.
J. B. Clarke D. J. Sargent R. I. Bošković A. Belaj K. R. Tobutt 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2009,5(1):41-51
One hundred and sixty microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) and six gene-specific markers revealing 174 loci were
scored in 94 seedlings from the inter-specific cross of Prunus avium ‘Napoleon’ × Prunus nipponica accession F1292. The co-segregation data from these markers were used to construct a linkage map for cherry which spanned
680 cM over eight linkage groups with an average marker spacing of 3.9 cM per marker and just six gaps longer than 15 cM.
Markers previously mapped in Prunus dulcis ‘Texas’ × Prunus persica ‘Earlygold’ allowed the cherry map to be anchored to the peach × almond map and showed the high level of synteny between
the species. Eighty-four loci segregated in P. avium ‘Napoleon’ versus 159 in P. nipponica. The segregations of 32 isoenzyme loci in a subset of 47 seedlings from the progeny were scored, using polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis and/or isoelectric focusing separation followed by activity staining, and the co-segregation data were analysed
along with those for 39 isoenzymes reported previously and for the 174 sequence-tagged site loci plus an additional two SSR
loci. The second map incorporates 233 loci and spans 736 cM over eight linkage groups with an average marker spacing of 3.2 cM
per marker and just two gaps greater than 15 cM. The microsatellite map will provide a useful tool for cherry breeding and
marker-assisted selection and for synteny studies within Prunus; the gene-specific markers and isoenzymes will be useful for comparisons with maps of other rosaceous fruit crops.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
14.
An integrated genetic linkage map of avocado 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
D. Sharon P. B. Cregan S. Mhameed M. Kusharska J. Hillel E. Lahav U. Lavi 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):911-921
An avocado genomic library was screened with various microsatellite repeats. (A/T)n and (TC/AG)n sequences were found to be the most frequent repeats. One hundred and seventy-two positive clones were sequenced successfully
of which 113 were found to contain simple sequence repeats (SSR). Polymerase chain reaction primers were designed to the regions
flanking the SSR in 62 clones. A GenBank search of avocado DNA sequences revealed 1 sequence containing a (CT)10 repeat. A total of 92 avocado-specific SSR markers were screened for polymorphism using 50 offspring of a cross between the
avocado cultivars ‘Pinkerton’ and ‘Ettinger’. Both are standard avocado cultivars which are normally outcrossed and highly
heterozygous. Fifty polymorphic SSR loci, 17 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 23 minisatellite DNA Fingerprint
(DFP) bands were used to construct the avocado genetic map. The resulting data were analyzed with various mapping programs
in order to assess which program best accommodated data from progeny of heterozygous parents. The analyses resulted in 12
linkage groups with 34 markers (25 SSRs, 3 RAPDs and 6 DFP bands) covering 352.6 cM. This initial map can serve as a basis
for developing a detailed genomic map and for detection of linkage between markers and quantitative trait loci.
Received: 2 April 1996 / Accepted: 28 February 1997 相似文献
15.
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most devastating wheat diseases, causing both yield loss and quality reduction. To detect
quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for FHB resistance, plants of the F
2:3 population derived from a ‘Wangshui-bai’ × ‘Sy95-7’ cross were artificially inoculated. Of 396 simple sequence repeats (SSRs),
125 amplified fragment length polymorphisms were used for FHB resistance QTL analysis. Five QTLs for FHB resistance were detected
on chromosomes 3B, 6B, 7A, 1B and 2D. The effect of the QTL located on chromosome 3B on phenotypic variation was 31.69%, while
that of the QTL found on 2D was the smallest and only accounted for 4.98% of the variation. The resistance alleles originated
from ‘Wangshibai’ and association of the QTLs using these SSR markers may facilitate marker-assisted selection to improve
FHB resistance in the wheat breeding programs of southwest China. 相似文献
16.
Margarita Pérez-Jiménez Antonio Carrillo-Navarro José Cos-Terrer 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,108(1):55-62
Somatic peach plants were regenerated from callus derived from the base of stem explants of the scion cultivars ‘UFO-3’, ‘Maruja’,
‘Flariba’ and ‘Alice Bigi’, and the peach × almond rootstocks ‘Garnem’ and ‘GF677’. A protocol for organogenic plant regeneration
was developed using three culture media containing different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and indolebutyric acid
to produce organogenic calli. Shoots were obtained from sliced calli after their transfer to a differentiation culture medium
containing 2 mg l−1 BA and 1 mg l−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid. Using this procedure, up to 29 regenerated plants per callus were obtained. The highest regeneration
rate was obtained with the peach × almond rootstocks. This work provides an effective protocol that could be utilized for
peach transformation research. 相似文献
17.
Zalapa JE Price DL Kaeppler SM Tobias CM Okada M Casler MD 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(4):805-817
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important crop for bioenergy feedstock development. Switchgrass has two main ecotypes: the lowland ecotype being
exclusively tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) and the upland ecotype being mainly tetraploid and octaploid (2n = 8x = 72). Because there is a significant difference in ploidy, morphology, growth pattern, and zone of adaptation between and
within the upland and lowland ecotypes, it is important to discriminate switchgrass plants belonging to different genetic
pools. We used 55 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci and six chloroplast sequences to identify patterns of variation between
and within 18 switchgrass cultivars representing seven lowland and 11 upland cultivars from different geographic regions and
of varying ploidy levels. We report consistent discrimination of switchgrass cultivars into ecotype membership and demonstrate
unambiguous molecular differentiation among switchgrass ploidy levels using genetic markers. Also, SSR and chloroplast markers
identified genetic pools related to the geographic origin of the 18 cultivars with respect to ecotype, ploidy, and geographical,
and cultivar sources. SSR loci were highly informative for cultivar fingerprinting and to classify plants of unknown origin.
This classification system is the first step toward developing switchgrass complementary gene pools that can be expected to
provide a significant heterotic increase in biomass yield. 相似文献
18.
Márta Molnár-Láng András Cseh Éva Szakács István Molnár 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(8):1535-1545
The main objective of the present work was to develop a wheat genotype containing both the recessive crossability alleles
(kr1kr1kr2kr2), allowing high crossability between 6x wheat and diploid rye, and the 1BL.1RS wheat/rye translocation chromosome. This wheat
genotype could be used as a recipient partner in wheat–rye crosses for the efficient introduction of new allelic variation
into 1RS in translocation wheats. After crossing the wheat cultivars ‘Mv Magdaléna’ and ‘Mv Béres’, which carry the 1BL.1RS
translocation involving the 1RS chromosome arm from ‘Petkus’, with the line ‘Mv9 kr1’, 117 F2 plants were analysed for crossability, ten of which had higher than 50% seed set with rye and thus presumably carried the
kr1kr1kr2kr2 alleles. Four of the ten plants contained the 1BL.1RS translocation in the disomic condition as detected by genomic in situ
hybridization (GISH). The wheat × rye F1 hybrids produced between these lines and the rye cultivar ‘Kriszta’ were analysed in meiosis using GISH. 1BL.1RS/1R chromosome
pairing was detected in 62.4% of the pollen mother cells. The use of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with the repetitive
DNA probes pSc119.2, Afa family and pTa71 allowed the 1R and 1BL.1RS chromosomes to be identified. The presence of the 1RS
arm from ‘Kriszta’ besides that of ‘Petkus’ was demonstrated in the F1 hybrids using the rye SSR markers RMS13 and SCM9. In four of the 22 BC1 progenies analysed, only ‘Kriszta’-specific bands were observed with these markers, though the presence of the 1BL.1RS translocation
was detected using GISH. It can be concluded that recombination occurred between the ‘Petkus’ and ‘Kriszta’ 1RS chromosome
arms in the translocated chromosome in these plants. 相似文献
19.
J.-M. Lacape D. Dessauw M. Rajab J.-L. Noyer B. Hau 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,19(1):45-58
A series of 320 mapped simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have been used to screen the allelic diversity of tetraploid Gossypium species. Fourty-seven genotypes were analyzed representing (i) the wide spectrum of diversity of the cultivated pool and
of the primitive landraces of species G. hirsutum (‘marie-galante’, ‘punctatum’, ‘richmondi’, ‘morrilli’, ‘palmeri’, and ‘latifolium’, and ‘yucatanense’), and (ii) species
G. barbadense, G. darwinii and G. tomentosum. The polymorphism of 201 SSR loci revealed 1128 allelic variants ranging from 3 to 17 per locus. Neighbor-joining (NJ) method
based on genetic dissimilarities produced groupings consistent with the assignments of accessions both at species and at race
level. Our data confirmed the proximity of the Galapagos endemic species G. darwinii to species G. barbadense. Within species G. hirsutum, and as compared to the other 6 races, race yucatanense appeared as the most distant from cultivated genotypes. Race yucatanense
also exhibited the highest number of unique alleles. The important informative heterogeneity of the 201 SSR loci was exploited
to select the most polymorphic ones that were assembled into three series of genome-wide (i.e. each homoeologous AD chromosome
pair being equally represented) and mutliplexable (× 3) SSRs. Using one of these ‘genotyping set’, consisting of 39 SSRs (one
3-plex for each of the 13 AD chromosomes pairs) or 45 loci, we were able to assess the relationships between accessions and
the topology in the genetic diversity sampled. Such genotyping set of highly informative SSR markers assembled in PCR-multiplex,
while increasing genotyping throughput, will be applicable for molecular genetic diversity studies of large germplasm collections.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
20.
A major scab resistance gene called Va1 was identified in the Russian apple cultivar ‘Antonovka’ (accession APF22) conferring scab resistance under conditions of
natural scab infection in the field. After scab scorings over a period of 3 years, a 1:1 segregation was observed in the mapping
population 04/214 (‘Golden Delicious’ × ‘Antonovka’). The Va1 resistance gene provides sufficient broad spectrum resistance that is of use in apple resistance breeding and has been assigned
Rvi17 according the proposal for a new scab nomenclature (Bus et al., Acta Horticulturae 814:739–746, 2009). Analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) located on the apple linkage group (LG) 1 showed that the Va1 locus is closely linked (1 cM) to SSR CH-Vf1 known to cosegregate with the Vf locus. A tight genetic association was also observed between a specific cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker (ARD-CAPS)
developed from the HcrVf paralog Vf2ARD present in ‘Antonovka’, but there is no indication yet for a causal relationship with Vf2ARD. Although the whole race spectrum of Va1 is still unknown, it was obvious that it acts against the scab races 6 and 7 which are able to overcome the resistance of
Malus floribunda 821. A second resistance factor (named Va2) was studied by race 1-specific scab tests based on grafted 04/214 clones. A 1:1-segregation ratio was observed, too, but
18 “phenotypic recombinants” were found after comparisons with the field scab data of the same genotypes. Va2 was mapped on LG 1 with a genetic distance of about 15 cM above CH-Vf1. The positions of the newly identified ‘Antonovka’
scab resistance factors are compared with previously reported Va mapping approaches and published results from quantitative trait loci analyses performed with different ‘Antonovka’ genotypes. 相似文献