脉红螺Rapana venosa(Valenciennes)生殖系统的组织解剖学研究

脉红螺为雌雄异体。雄性生殖系统包括8部分:精巢、输精小管、贮精囊、输精管、前列腺、输精管外套段Ⅰ、输精管外套段Ⅱ和阴茎。雌性生殖系统包括7部分:卵巢、输卵小管、输卵管Ⅰ段、纳精囊、输卵管Ⅱ段、蛋白腺和产卵器。 脉红螺精子形成过程中有精子细胞团形成。精子线形,由头段、中段和尾段构成。头段核基部内凹形成倒“U”形管;中段有丝状线粒体鞘,螺旋缠绕轴丝;尾段由9条粗纤维包围‘9+2’型轴丝构成。 本文亦对前列腺、蛋白腺及蛋白质卵黄粒等的超微结构作了观察。     

NUTRITION OF TRIDACHIA CRISPATA (MORCH) (SACOGLOSSA)

Autotrophic nutrition plays an important role in adult Tridachiacrispata in the western Atlantic Ocean and results from an endosymbioticassociation between the sacoglossan and the kleptoplastids ofChlorophyta. A series of living specimens 7-80 mm in length was studied inthe laboratory. After a body length of 10 mm has been attained,the parapodial lobes of the two sides meet and fuse. Microscopicexamination of faecal strings of specimens undergoing this transitionrevealed that algal remains were produced only by juvenilesless than 13 mm long. Larger specimens defaecated only rarelyand the diminutive faecal strings contained no recognizablealgal debris. This transition probably parallels the physiologicaltransition between juvenile heterotrophic nutrition and adultautotrophic nutrition. Microscopic examination of the radulae of transitional specimensshowed no diminution of the size, number or morphology of theteeth. This indicates that in an emergency heterotrophic nutritionmay be resumed. Growth rates of Tridachia were measured in the laboratory, withand without light and the provision of algal foods. Unfed animalslost weight rather rapidly in captivity, whereas those fed uponsuitable algae (Halimeda discoidea, Caulerpa verticillata, C.racemosa and Chaetomorpha sp) did not.Caulerpa sertularioideswas suitable for food for a limited time, but proved toxic afterabout a week. Of the other species tested, Caulerpa verticillatawas the least suitable, while Halimeda, Chaetomorpha and Caulerparacemosa were the best. Ironically, C. verticillata was theonly one of the algal species tested which is known to be takenin the natural diet in Floridean waters. These experiments confirmedthat heterotrophic feeding will be resumed in Tridachia if theculture-conditions do not favour autotrophic nutrition.     

中国甲螨名录(Ⅰ)(蜱螨亚纲:甲螨亚目)

Preface The research on Chinese oribatid mites was started in the 1920's, when A. Jacot recorded 10 oribatid species from Beijing (Peking) and Shandong (Shantung). In the 1980s', Chinese acarologists noticed the necessity of studying soil mites, which were poorly investigated and reported during the past 60 years. Along with the adoption of more open policy in China, the academic exchange and coopera     

竹亚科刚竹属植物的修订(I)

在标本（包括许多模式标本）查考和居群调研的基础上,对刚竹属Ｐｈｙｌｌｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓ Ｓｉｅｂ．ｅｔ Ｚｕｃｃ．一些类群的分类问题进行了评注,其中将遂昌雷竹Ｐｈ．ｐｒｉｍｏｔｉｎａ Ｗｅｎ作为不同于红壳雷竹Ｐｈ．ｉｎｃａｒｎａｔａ Ｗｅｎ的１个独立的竹种看待;８个拉丁学名被减为异名;Ｐｈ．ｈｅｔｅｒｏｃｌａｄａ Ｏｌｉｖ．ｆ．ｓｏｌｉｄａ（Ｓ．Ｌ．Ｃｈｅｎ）Ｃ．Ｐ．Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｚ．Ｈ．Ｙｕ因其     

长须杵蚊雌蚊的描述(双翅目:蚊科)

长须杵蚊Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ(Ｒａｃｈｉｏｎｏｔｏｍｙｉａ)ｌｏｎｇｉｐｌｐｉｓＤｏｎｇ,ＺｈｏｕｅｔＤｏｎｇ,1997系董学书等采自云南省西双版纳的雄蚊、蛹及幼虫描述,最近又采获一批幼虫,经饲养获雌、雄各3只,雌蚊描述如下。长须杵蚊Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ...     

MORPHOLOGY OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF DACUS TRYONI (FROGGATT) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

Abstract
External features of the puparium, larvae and egg of the Queensland fruit fly, Dacus (Bactrocera) tryoni (Froggatt) were studied by scanning electron microscopy and significant morphological characters are described and illustrated. Cephalopharyngeal skeletons are described from examination by light microscopy.     

CHROMOSOMES OF CORSIA (CORSIACEAE)

A chromosome number of 2n = 18 is reported for Corsia cornuta (plus karyotype) and Corsia clypeata of the Corsiaceae from Papua New Guinea.     

台湾铗蠓幼期的形态(双翅目:蠓科)

台湾铗蠓Forcipomyia(Lasiohelea)taiwana(Shiraki,1913)是流行性乙型脑炎的可能媒介昆虫,分布于十余省,为我国危害最严重的吸血蠓。掌握幼期(包括卵、幼虫和蛹)形态,对于台湾铗蠓生物学特性的认识;实验感染,探讨病原体与昆虫(包括各发育阶段)间的关系,提供证据,确定是否可以作为疾病的传染媒介;并为防制措施中孳生地灭蠓(幼期)效果考核等方面都是必需的基础课题。     

INTRA-POPULATION VARIATION OF THE SHELL OF LITTORINA RUDIS (MATON) (MOLLUSCA: PROSOBRANCHIA)

Shell variation within a single population of Litlorina rudis(Maton), collected near the Biological Station at Trondheim,Norway, was studied. The variation of the shell features studied, which includedthe shape of the basal part of the outer lip, and the relativeheight of the spire, width of the shell and of the aperture,were found to be at least partially related to shell height.Furthermore, the shell shape in the population investigated,besides varying with age, also varies due to shell damage. Nosignificant differences were found between the shapes of theshells of males and females. The shell characteristics of different populations of L. rudisalso vary greatly, one of the causes being differences in theenvironmental conditions. When studying this variation betweendifferent populations, however, it must be emphasized that onlyundamaged shells of individuals of about the same age shouldbe compared, in order to obviate the effects of the variabilitydue to age differences and shell damage within each individualpopulation. ^*Contribution from Trondhjem Biological Station no. 199 (Received 18 February 1980;     

C_(60)对小鼠S_(180)肉瘤光动力学作用模型的建立

为验证Ｃ６０对活体肿瘤的光动力学损伤作用,我们从两方面进行实验：Ｃ６０对荷瘤小鼠的Ｓ１８０实体瘤的光动力学杀伤作用和Ｃ８０对离体Ｓ１８０肿瘤细胞的光动力学杀伤作用,在小鼠的瘤体上注射Ｃ８０光敏剂,在５１１ｎｍ、５７８ｎｍ混合黄录色激光照射正派主发Ｃ６０,产生大量的单线态氧,杀伤活性肿瘤。激光光强为５００ｍＷ,Ｃ６０浓度为３０μｇ／ｍｌ时,荷瘤小鼠寿命平均延长５天,瘤径减小１ｃｍ,瘤重减轻０．８克,     

小麦体细胞再生株（R1）的染色体变异分析

本文研究了普通小麦(Triticum aestivum)、“宁麦三号”等5个基因型的体细胞再生株(R_1)减数分裂各期的染色体异常行为。结果表明:再生株 R_1代有丝分裂时表现为染色体数量上的变异,最常见的有2n-2类型,其次是2n-1类型,也有少数为2n 1和2n-4等变异类型;再生株 R_1花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中出现单价体、多价体、染色体桥、落后染色体、断片和微核等异常现象,并与各基因型细胞遗传程度上差异有关。     

C_(60)对小鼠S_(180)肉瘤光动力学作用模型的建立

为验证C60 对活体肿瘤的光动力学损伤作用,我们从两方面进行实验 :C60 对荷瘤小鼠的S180实体瘤的光动力学杀伤作用和C60 对离体S180 肿瘤细胞的光动力学杀伤作用。在小鼠的瘤体上注射C60 光敏剂 ,在511nm和578nm混合黄绿色激光照射下 ,激发C60,产生大量的单线态氧 ,杀伤活性肿瘤。在激光光强为500mW ,C60 浓度为30μg/ml时 ,荷瘤小鼠寿命平均延长5天 ,瘤径减小1cm,瘤重减轻0.8克 ,在活体水平上验证了C60 的光动力学作用 ;另外,在离体的S180 肿瘤细胞中加入细胞培养物和C60 脂质体光敏剂 ,用碘钨灯照射激发C60。经MTT法和FDA -PI双色荧光分光光度法检测 ,离体S180 肿瘤细胞也明显被杀伤。C60 具有强的光敏剂作用 ,它不仅在活体水平上可以杀伤S180 实体瘤而且对离体的S180 实体瘤细胞有强的杀伤作用。     

中国地孔菌属(盘菌目)分类研究

本文报道盘菌目地孔菌属(Geopora Harkn.)我国种类的分类研究成果,共描述4个种即砂生地孔菌(Geopora arenicola(Lév.)Kers),库氏地孔菌(Geopora cooperi Harkn.),叶质地孔菌(Geopora foliacea(Schaef.)Ahmad)和梭椭孢地孔菌(Geopora perprolata B.C.Zhang,sp.nov.)。叶质地孔菌为中国新记录种。文中对各个种给予了详细的描述,并附有分种检索表。