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经过8年的野外考察,我国特有的珍稀濒危动物滇金丝猴(Rhinopithecus bieti)的现状已基本查明。这一物种的全部现存自然种群只有13个,分布在云南的德钦、兰坪、维西、丽江和西藏的芒康5县境内。其现存种群数量约为1000—1500只。该物种分布范围的东界是金沙江,西界是澜沧江,分布最北的1个猴群的纬度为29°20 N,最南的1个猴群的纬度为26°14 N。所有现存自然种群几乎均处在相互隔离状态,呈岛屿分布,群间不可能进行基因交流。其栖息地内的森林中,高大乔木主要为冷杉,林中灌木主要为杜鹃和竹林。猴群长年生活在海拔3800—4300 m的原始冷杉林中,但有时也会在4300—4700 m的低矮灌丛、草甸和流石滩上活动达数小时之久,甚至能跨越近千米的无林高海拔地带;因而它是海拔分布最高的非人灵长类。松萝是它的主要食物,取食松萝的时间占其取食时间的91%。猴群活动范围相当大,可达近百平方公里。 相似文献
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滇金丝猴下颌的生物力学研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用生物力学原理,判别分析和异速生长对我国特有的滇金丝猴下颌研究表明,由于雄性比雌性具有相对更长的下颌,导致了整个下颌结构在两性间的差异。在所分析的8个变量中,4个被选为性别鉴别的重要特征,判别式为:D=-27.65-0.729CONM1+0.596MANDL+1.204MANDSYM-1.778MANCORPW。与猕猴和长鼻猴相比,滇金丝猴具有相对短的下颌骨,较宽的下颌髁和较高的下颌体。这些特征保障了下颌齿,特别是颊齿列更有利于叶类食物的咀嚼,即有利于咀嚼过程中消除下颌的疲劳。 相似文献
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本文首次报道了滇金丝猴的血细胞学检查结果,内容包括骨髓细胞分类计数和外周血象。前者检查了一例成年 雌性猴,骨髓取自肋骨,涂片用Wright氏染液染色和用Giemsa氏染液复染,两次取样检查,每次计数500个骨髓有核细胞;后者检查了一例成年雌性猴和一例幼年雌性猴,每例检查二次取其平均值。结果如表1、2、3。 检查结果中,值得注意的是:1.骨髓细胞中退化细胞较多,出现率达16.4％;2.骨髓细胞中出现少量环形核粒细胞。据张耀平等(1986),树鼩骨髓细胞中出现少量环形核粒细胞,这在啮齿动物大、小鼠中是常见的,但在灵 相似文献
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结合景观生态学,建立研究区域景观格局分析与内部生物之间的联系,能够为生物多样性保护和自然保护区的管理提供更加真实准确及可实践操作的指导。借助遥感和地理信息系统软件,将滇金丝猴分布区内景观划分为适宜生境、次适宜生境、连接生境、天然阻碍及人为干扰5种类型,通过计算得到5种类型斑块的景观指数,并将其与滇金丝猴猴群出现概率及种群密度进行相关性分析。结果表明:(1)滇金丝猴猴群出现概率受人为干扰斑块影响较大,与人为干扰斑块面积所占比例呈负相关,与人为干扰斑块的权重边界密度呈正相关;(2)影响猴群分布密度的景观指数较多,其中除适宜生境斑块所占面积比及其权重边界密度与猴群密度呈正相关之外,其他指数均与猴群密度呈负相关;(3)现阶段对滇金丝猴生境保护最为直接的方法应该是增加适宜生境和次适宜生境斑块间的连通性,即增强这两类斑块的自然增扩潜力,同时减少人为干扰对猴群的影响;(4)对于自然保护的管理应当更加重视边界效应的作用,尽量保持适宜生境与其性质相近类型斑块的连通性,以提高景观质量。 相似文献
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在白马雪山,滇金丝猴栖息在3500米—4200米的冷杉林中,以长在冷杉树上的树挂地衣——松萝,当地人称“树胡子”为主要食物,这在非人灵长类中是非常罕见的。 相似文献
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中国的西南,彩云之南,崇山峭拔入云,群岭蜿若苍龙;远甸阔谷,草儿如天空,花儿如海洋。 彩云之南的西北——滇西北,有着人类的精神家园——香格里拉,有着三江并流的壮丽景观,有着极像人类的灵长类动物——滇金丝猴。它眼眸如人类般深邃安祥,闪烁着智慧的光芒,面庞双唇如人类般红润光洁,表现出健康与活力。 在金沙江和澜沧江之间的莽莽森林中,它们长臂舒卷,弹跳荡飞,惊鸿难现。倏忽如林间之哨风,飘渺如山巅之幻云,善良、自由、高贵。 寻遍高山峡谷,经历千辛万苦,科学家为我们揭示滇金丝猴生存之难和生存之谜;摄影家为我们展示它们矫健身姿和生存百态。 面对那一双澄净的眼睛,人类的良知,人类的责任,促使我们深思、反省:可庆,我们的国土有这么美丽的生灵;可叹,美丽的生灵,劫后余生,一脉残存;可望,美丽的生灵与我们共享绿色家园。 如果说以往的有关报道更多地侧重于滇金丝猴本身的话,在这里我们为读者重点展现人对它们的栖息地、食物、生活习惯等等方面的影响。 相似文献
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滇金丝猴（Rhinopithecusbieti）现状及其保护对策研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
滇金丝猴（Ｒｈｉｎｏｐｉｔｈｅｃｕｓｂｉｅｔｉ）是我国特有的珍稀濒危动物,生活在海拔３８００～４３００ｍ的原始冷杉林中,但有时也会在４３００～４７００ｍ的低矮灌丛、草甸和流石滩上活动达数小时之久,甚至能跨越近千米的无林高海拔地带,因而它们是海拔分布最高的非人灵长类。松萝是它们的主要食物,取食松萝的时间占总取食时间的９１％。猴群活动范围可达近百平方公里。笔者在历时８年的野外考察中,已查明这一物种的全部现存自然种群只有１３个,分布在云南的德钦、兰坪、潍西、丽江和西藏的芒康这五县境内,其现存种群数量为１０００～１５００只;所有现存自然种群几乎均处在相互隔离的状态,群间已不可能进行基因交流,充分表明它们已到达灭绝边缘。然而其栖息地内的商业伐木规模仍在继续扩大,周围的人口压力正在不断增加,各猴群均面临不同程度的偷猎压力。这一现状委实令人担忧。如何拯救这一“国宝”应引起我国保护学家和各级政府有关职能部门的重视 相似文献
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在社会经济发展与生态环境发展逐渐失调的背景下,滇金丝猴作为中国特有的珍稀濒危物种,其生境质量的研究是平衡经济发展与物种保护的重要基础。选取滇西北地区2572个自然村的社会经济数据和344个样地运用GIS空间分析法的主成分分析和InVEST模型,研究滇西北地自然村发展对滇金丝猴分布区生境质量的影响,结果如下：(1)研究区南部自然村发展优于北部;(2)研究区北部的生境质量比南部高,北部自然村对滇金丝猴生境质量的影响比南部的自然村小;北部的生境稀缺性比南部高,生态稳定性差,需要制定优先保护策略;(3)猴群分布区内存留12个自然村,自然村发展对第3、6和14猴群(C3、C6和C14)的生境质量影响大,生境质量比较低;猴群C1、C12和C13分布区内的生境稀缺性较高,生境脆弱,需要优先加强规划;划定滇金丝猴优质生境、中等生境和低质生境区域,占比分别为26.85%、20.44%和52.71%。 相似文献
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Zhang Yaoping 《人类学学报》1986,5(02):191
The uterine cervix of R. bieti was studed maeroscopically and microscopically. The results were as follows:<br>The cervix of R. bieti was not strongly developed and was not clearly demarcated from the corpus uteri. The cervical canal was straight or slightly bent and was not found any colliculus in it. The cervical glands and crypts of the cervical mucosa were absent in the eetocervix and the midcervix; whereas, in endocervix, a few cervical glands and erypts were found. The cervical squamo-columnar junction was located near the external os. The zone of transition between the stratified squamous vaginal epithelium and the cervical columnar epithelium in this animal was not clear. This junetion between both epithelia, therefore, was absent. There were two types of epithelial cells in the cervix, ciliated and seeretory. The later was predominant and it contained a lot of granules whieh were periodie acid schiff positive material. The percentage of the secretory and ciliated cells varied within different sections of the cervix. Ciliated cells of cervical epithelium oceured in 7-25% (table 2. ) The cervical stroma consisted of muscular and fibrous elements. In general, the morphological structure of the uterine cervix in R. bieti was similar to that of Presbytis francoisi, but it differed from that of macaques. 相似文献
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In the Mid-Atlantic Azores, the emergence of a seasonal ecotourism shark diving industry strongly contrasts with a North Atlantic shark fishery for regional, national and foreign fleets. Shark diving may provide an economic alternative to fishing, promoting an ecological and economical sustainable use of these animals, favouring their conservation. Understanding socio-economic aspects of this new Mid-Atlantic industry is the first step towards its sustainability and ultimately shark conservation. Data were collected by means of questionnaire designed to solicit information on shark divers’ knowledge, socio-economic status, expenditures and expectations, conducted between July and August 2014 on Pico and Faial Islands, to 144 divers. The majority of respondents were male (71%), between 25 and 40 years (41%), mainly from Germany, Holland and Austria, and 44% visited the Azores purposely to dive with sharks. On average, 2.6 sharks were seen per dive and 97% of respondents did not perceive any form of shark aggression or threat. The estimated generated income of shark diving in 2014 for the Azores amounts to 1,983.347€ (around US$2,244.890). Such an amount may easily increase following the current rates of expansion for (eco)tourism in the Azores and the infancy of the local shark diving activity. Finally, it is worth saying that nearly 70% of participants were willing to pay an extra amount until 60€ to ensure that shark diving remains an option and more than half (53%) would like to see that amount invested in conservation. 相似文献
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滇金丝猴（Rhinopithecus bieti）食性的分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
由野外大猴群摄食行为观察、捕获个体摄食偏好度观察、它们粪便的显微鉴定及定量分析、消化能力测定和寄生虫鉴定等五方面证据汇聚的信息表明:滇金丝猴的主要食物是被子植物类型;而曾被误认为是其主食的冷杉等寒带裸子植物叶则几乎不是其食物。故滇金丝猴应更适应热带亚热带被子植物环境而非高山寒温带云冷杉植物群;故该种猴现代高山分布成因需深入研究。鉴于研究现状,本文特别把方法学问题提到一个不宜忽略的位置上。 相似文献
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Dayong Li Baoping Ren Cyril C. Grueter Baoguo Li Ming Li 《American journal of primatology》2010,72(12):1092-1099
Weather, predation, and social organization are hypothesized to influence sleeping habits of nonhuman primates at night. To investigate how the Yunnan snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) prepares for and behaves during cold nights in their harsh alpine forest habitat (above 3,000 m), we studied the sleeping habits of the 171 one‐male units (OMU) in one group for 12 months at Xiangguqing in the Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve, China. It took 20.2 min from the time the study group entered a sleeping site until they fell asleep. This duration was consistent over seasons. On average, sleeping time was 11.5 hr per night over the year. Seasonal mean lengths of sleeping time varied significantly, however, and ranged from 10 to 13 hr per night, correlating with night length. Two sleeping styles were distinguishable: solitary sleeping and huddled sleeping. That adult males in OMUs principally slept alone. This is likely to reflect night‐time guarding behavior. Female–juvenile and female–infant dyadic huddles were the most prevalent sleeping unit (42% of all observed data), and the monkeys employed female‐biased huddling during nocturnal sleep. Huddled sleeping group size showed significant seasonal variation, with the largest huddle (eight individuals) occurring in winter. Climate and social organization profoundly influence the nocturnal sleeping habits of R. bieti, while huddling behavior may help shield animals from cold nights and provide additional protection against predators. Am. J. Primatol. 72:1092–1099, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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With the development of Information and Communication Technology, nature conservation is undergoing radical innovation driven by information technology advancements. Chatbot is introduced as the new novel in this study in strengthening visitor motives and their intention to pay for nature conservation. This study aims to investigate the role of Chatbot e-services in transforming the travel motivation of visitors to their intention to pay for nature conservation at ecotourism. A convenient sampling method was employed to develop a research sample. The research uses the data from 422 valid observations collected in the survey of domestic visitors at three National parks in Vietnam for empirical analysis. A multivariate analysis method was employed to analyze the data. The findings show that people who experience Chatbot e-services and desire to travel for escape, nature appreciation, and reward themselves, are more likely to pay for nature conservation than other types. Specifically, the study reveals that Chatbot e-services enhance the effects of three motives (escape, nature appreciation, and reward) on visitor intention. As Chatbot e-services are transferring to “advanced AI-powered autonomous agents”, the key highlight is to examine the future usefulness of Chatbot e-services in calling people to protect the environment and preserve nature. 相似文献