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1.
云南,四川等省市售的中草药“一口钟”为蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus Labill.)的果实.用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术、标准品迭加和毛细管保留指数定性法,对其精油的化学成分进行分析.从分离的65个成分中,鉴定出36个成分,其含量占总组成的93.80%,主要成分是别香树烯(23.37%),1.8-桉叶油素(20.81%)、金合欢醇(9.95%)、α-水芹烯(8.30%)、δ-愈创木烯(5.95%)、δ-蒎烯(4.09%)、β-水芹烯(3.43%)、α-愈创木烯(3.15%)等.  相似文献   

2.
本文报道用气相色谱-质谱联用,结合成份系统分离和薄层析,对国产鱼腥草挥发油成份进行了研究,鉴定了4个单萜烯——α-蒎烯(α-pinene)、莰烯(camphene)、月桂烯(myrcene)和 d-柠檬烯(d-liraonene);2个含氧单萜化合物——芳樟醇(linalool)和乙酸龙脑酯(bornylacetate);1个倍半萜——丁香烯(caryophyllene);3个醛酮化合物——甲基正壬基酮(2-undecanone)、癸酰乙醛(decanoyl acetaldehyde)和月桂醛(dodecanaldehyde)等10个成份。其中莰烯、乙酸龙脑酯和丁香烯系首次在鱼腥草中发现。研究证明,我国广东产鱼腥草全草挥发油的成份与国外报道的日本产鱼腥草地上部分挥发油有较大的差别。癸酰乙醛、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯和甲基正壬基酮为挥发油中的抗菌有效成份。  相似文献   

3.
火麻仁挥发油的化学成分研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取传统中药火麻仁中的挥发油,用GC毛细管柱进行分析,面积归一化法测定其相对含量,并用GC-MS鉴定其化学成分.共检出90个色谱峰,鉴定其中62个化合物,占挥发油总量的89 25%.鉴定的成分包括44种烃类化合物、7种芳香族化合物和11种脂肪族化合物及其衍生物.烃类化合物中以萜类为主,占挥发油总量的32.01%,相对含量较高的单萜及其衍生物包括β-芳樟醇(1.66%)、β-顺式-罗勒烯(1.30%)、樟脑(0.93%)、冰片和薄荷醇(0.44%);相对含量较高的倍半萜及其衍生物包括大牦牛儿烯 D(8.20%)、α-芹子烯(5.23%)、β-丁香烯(3.65%)、氧化石竹烯(2.22%)、δ-愈创木烯(1.55%)和α-丁香烯(1.19%).  相似文献   

4.
夜合花叶的精油成份研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用气相色谱—质谱—计算机联用技术对夜合花[Magnolia coco(Lour.)DC.]叶的精油成份进行了分析。从分离出的139个色谱峰中鉴定出25个化合物,其含量占总组成的66.358%,主要成份是β-松油烯(37.570%),松油醇4(6.504%),α-蒎烯(3.499%),去氢白菖蒲烯(2.758%),芳樟醇(2.440%),1-(1,5-二甲基-4-己烯)苯(2.436%)等。  相似文献   

5.
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取香青和黄腺香青车前叶变种挥发油,使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)辅助保留指数比对分析其化学成分,利用MTT法对其进行体外抗肿瘤活性测试。香青挥发油中鉴定出44种成分,主要成分为α-葎草烯(14. 80%)、α-蒎烯(10. 56%)、δ-杜松烯(5. 84%)等;黄腺香青车前叶变种挥发油中共鉴定出46种成分,主要成分为(E)-石竹烯(20. 71%)、α-葎草烯(8. 56%)、顺式-β-愈创木烯(7. 27%)等。香青和黄腺香青车前叶变种挥发油对肿瘤细胞A549、Hela、HepG2和HTC-116均显示一定的抑制活性,其中对结肠癌细胞株HTC-116的抑制活性较强,IC50值分别为48. 91和35. 52μg/m L。香青和黄腺香青车前叶变种挥发油含有多种抗癌成分,将为其进一步开发研究提供科学依据。  相似文献   

6.
假烟叶树叶挥发油化学成分分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用水蒸汽蒸馏法、两相溶剂萃取法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法结合计算机检索对茄科植物假烟叶树(Solanum verbascifoliumL.)叶挥发油的化学成分进行分析和鉴定。其新鲜叶片提取10 h的挥发油得率为0.0611%。经毛细管色谱分离出18个峰,共鉴定出17种化合物,占挥发油总量的99.73%;用气相色谱面积归一化法计算各组分的相对含量,其主要化学成分为:大牻牛儿烯D(37.07%),咕巴烯(26.29%),1β-(1-甲基乙基)-4,7-二甲基-1α,2,4a()β,5,8,8a()α-六氢萘(13.63%),石竹烯(8.03%),1-β乙烯基-1-α甲基-2,β4-β双(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己烷(5.81%),-γ榄香烯(2.16%),α-筚澄茄油烯(2.06%),异喇叭烯(0.98%)。以上8种化合物占总挥发油含量的90.22%。  相似文献   

7.
乌榄叶挥发油化学成分分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)方法首次对乌榄叶挥发油成分进行了测试分析,并应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量。分离出19个峰,确认了19种化合物,所鉴定的组分占挥发油总量的100%,主要成分是石竹烯(33.47)、α-蒎烯(18.03%)、d-柠檬烯(16.82%)、α-侧柏烯(11.74%)和α-水芹烯(6.51%)。  相似文献   

8.
小叶臭黄皮叶挥发油化学成分的研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
纳智 《西北植物学报》2006,26(1):193-196
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取小叶臭黄皮叶挥发油,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法对挥发油成分进行了分析,共分离出84个峰,鉴定了其中的66种成分,所鉴定成分占挥发油总量的94.52%.其主要化学成分为α-芹子烯(15.76%)、石竹烯(15.05%)、β-芹子烯(9.54%)、α-蒎烯(6.43%)和α-石竹烯(5.39%)等.  相似文献   

9.
连翘挥发油成分分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
从连翘果实中提取了挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用法分析其挥发油的化学成分,鉴定出β-蒎烯、香桧烯、α-蒎烯等56个化合物,并用气相色谱测定了挥发油中各成分的相对含量,其鉴定率达93.37%。  相似文献   

10.
粘叶莸精油化学成分的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用气相色谱保留指数定性法,色谱-质谱-计算机联用实验和标准品迭加法分析了粘叶莸 (Caryopteris glutinosa) 精油的化学成分,从分离出的76个色谱峰中鉴定出30个化合物,并测定了它们的相对含量,其主要成分为β-蒎烯(52.630%)、柠檬烯(15.030%、α-蒎烯(13.810%),香叶烯(2.890%)、红没药烯(2.419%)、α- 烯 (1.074%) 和香桧烯 (1.010%)。  相似文献   

11.
Over the past 10 years, Ghusel VDC, Lalitpur District has moved from primarily subsistence agriculture into the wider cash economy aided by the Small Farmers' Development Program (SFDP), which provides credit to farmers mainly for the purchase of buffalo for milk production, and by the National Dairy Corporation, which supports local dairy cooperatives. Analysis reveals that buffalo-keeping and milk sales are increasing the well-being of many households, while at the same time creating new inequalities in gender roles and responsibilities, greater inequities between Brahmin and Tamang residents in Ghusel, and placing pressures on the ecosystem for increased supplies of fodder and fuelwood. Evidence suggests that there is critical, need for attention to the social, and particularly gender-based, implications of maintaining livestock for milk sales and to the ecological underpinnings of this livelihood system.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of the study has been to determine and compare the influence upon the kidney antioxidative system, exercised by administration of vitamin E, and vitamin E in combination with methionine, under conditions of oxidative stress induced by sodium fluoride. The experiment was carried out on Wistar FL rats (adult males) that, for 35 days, were administered water, NaF, NaF with vitamin E, or vitamin E with methionine (doses: 10 mg NaF/kg of body mass/24 h, 3 mg vitamin E per 10 μl per rat for 24 h, 2 mg methionine per rat for 24 h). The influence of administered sodium fluoride and antioxidants upon the antioxidative system in kidney was examined by analyzing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of the most important antioxidative enzymes (SOD, total and both its isoenzymes, GPX, GST, GR, and CAT). The studies carried out confirmed the disadvantageous effect of the administered dose of NaF upon the antixodiative system in rats (increase in the concentration MDA, decrease activity of all antioxidative enzymes). The administration of vitamin E increased the activity of studied enzymes with the exception of glutathione reductase GR; it also reduced the procesess of lipid peroxidation. It has been found that combined doses of vitamin E and methionine were most effective in inhibiting lipid peroxidation processes. The results confirmed the antioxidative properties of methionine.  相似文献   

13.
Specific leukotriene C4 (LTC4) binding sites were identified in membrane preparations from human fetal lung. Specific binding of [3H]-LTC4 represented 95 percent of total binding, reached steadystate within 10 minutes and was rapidly reversible upon addition of excess unlabeled LTC4. Binding assays were performed at 4°C under conditions which prevented metabolism of [3H]-LTC4 (80 mM serineborate, 10 mM cysteine, 10 mM glycine). Under these conditions, greater than 95 percent of the membrane bound radioactivity, as analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, co-eluted with the LTC4 standard. Computer-assisted analyses of saturation binding data showed a single class of binding sites with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 26 + 6 nM and a density (Bmax) of 84 ± 18 pmol/mg protein. Pharmacological specificity was demonstrated by competition studies in which specific binding of [3H]-LTC4 was displaced by LTC4 and its structural analogs with inhibition constants (Kj) of 10 to 30 nM, whereas LTD4, diastereoisomers of LTD1, LTE4 and the end organ antagonist FPL 55712 were 150 to 700 fold less potent competitors than LTC4. These results provide evidence for specific, reversible, saturable, high affinity binding sites for [3H]-LTC4 in human fetal lung membranes.  相似文献   

14.
Auxin-mediated elongation growth of isolated subapical coleoptile segments of maize (Zea mays L.) is controlled by the extensibility of the outer cell wall of the outer epidermis (Kutschera et al., 1987). Here we investigate the hypothesis that auxin controls the extensibility of this wall by changing the orientation of newly deposited microfibrils through a corresponding change in the orientation of cortical microtubules. On the basis of electron micrographs it is shown that cessation of growth after removal of the endogenous source of auxin is correlated with a relative increase of longitudinally orientated microfibrils and microtubules at the inner wall surface. Conversely, reinduction of growth by exogenous auxin is correlated with a relative increase of transversely orientated microfibrils and microtubules at the inner wall surface. These changes can be detected 30–60 min after the removal and addition of auxin, respectively. The functional significance of directional changes of newly desposited wall microfibrils for the control of elongation growth is discussed.  相似文献   

15.
多马胺能药物对鲇鱼促性腺激素(GtH)分泌活动的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以珠江流域鲇鱼(silurus asotus)为实验材料,研究了多巴胺(DA)能药物(DA及其D-2型受体拮抗物 ,DOM)对鲇鱼促性腺激素(GtH)释放的影响,结果表明,在性腺发育的各个时期,单独注射DOM(5ug/g)均不能显著提高鲇鱼血液基础GtH水平,当DOM与LHRH-A联合注射时能显著增强LHRH-A刺激GtH释放的作用;DA只能抑制GnRH诱导的GtH释放,对基础GtH释放无抑制作用,这种生殖内分泌调节方式与鲇形目的革胡子鲇(Clarias gariepinus)和大鳍Hu(Mystus macropterus)相似,而与鲤形目的鲁科(Cyrpindiae)鱼类不同。  相似文献   

16.
Preparations, XPS and electronic spectroscopy, and magnetism of seven new one-dimensional cyano-bridged coordination polymers, chiral [Cu(RR-chxn)2][Pd(CN)4] · 2H2O (1), [Cu(trans-chxn)2][M(CN)4] · 2H2O (2, 4, and 6 for M = Pd, Ni, and Pt), and [Cu(cis-chxn)2][M(CN)4] · 2H2O (3, 5, and 7 for M = Pd, Ni, and Pt) (RR-chxn = cyclohexane-(1R,2R)-diamine, trans-chxn = racemic trans-cyclohexane-(1,2)-diamine, and cis-chxn = racemic cis-cyclohexane-(1,2)-diamine) have been reported in view of tuning of their electronic properties by stereochemistry of chxn ligands and metal-substitution. Comparison of Cu 2p1/2 and 2p3/2 peaks of XPS and broad d-d bands around 18 000 cm−1 of electronic spectra are described systematically for 1-7. Variable-temperature magnetic measurement shows that complexes 1-7 indicate weak antiferromagnetic interactions via cyano-bridges. Because of semi-coordination coupled with pseudo Jahn-Teller elongation and electrostatic interaction for 1, the axial Cu-N coordination bond distances of 2.330(7) and 3.092(8) Å are considerably longer than those of equatorial ones in the range from 2.016(6) to 2.030(6) Å. The former bond distances of 1 are intermediate values among the related Ni (2.324(6) and 3.120(8) Å) and Pt (2.34(1) and 3.09(1) Å) complexes.  相似文献   

17.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), cannot synthesize GSH, but synthesizes two major low molecular weight thiols namely mycothiol (MSH) and ergothioneine (ERG). Gamma-glutamylcysteine (GGC), an intermediate in GSH synthesis, has been implicated in the protection of lactic acid bacteria from oxidative stress in the absence of GSH. In mycobacteria, GGC is an intermediate in ERG biosynthesis, and its formation is catalysed by EgtA (GshA). GGC is subsequently used by EgtB in the formation of hercynine-sulphoxide-GGC. In this study, M.tb. mutants harbouring unmarked, in-frame deletions in each of the fives genes involved in ERG biosynthesis (egtA, egtB, egtC, egtD and egtE) or a marked deletion of the mshA gene (required for MSH biosynthesis) were generated. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analyses (LC-MS) revealed that the production of GGC was elevated in the MSH-deficient and the ERG-deficient mutants. The ERG-deficient ΔegtB mutant which accumulated GGC was more resistant to oxidative and nitrosative stress than the ERG-deficient, GGC-deficient ΔegtA mutant. This implicates GGC in the detoxification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in M.tb.  相似文献   

18.
Interaction of cis-dichloro(dipyridine)platinum(II) (cis-PPC) with calf thymus DNA, calf thymus histone, l-amino acids, poly-l-amino acids, nucleosides, and nucleotides has been evaluated by equilibrium dialysis technics. At least a 28 % decrease in the association of cis-PPC with DNA occurs when the platinum compound is pre-incubated with l-amino acids. The greatest decrease in association is seen upon pre-incubation of the platinum compound with the free amino acids. Glut, Asp, Lys, Arg, and CySH, before the addition of a sack containing a solution of DNA. The low level of association between DNA and the amino acids tends to rule out competition between cis-PPC and amino acids for DNA association sites. cis-PPC was repelled from sacks containing positively charged poly-l-Lys, poly-l-Arg, and calf thymus histone; however, in the presence of poly-l-Glut and poly-l-Asp, cis-PPC associated with these negatively charged polymers to a considerable degree. Enhanced chloride dissociation from cis-PPC was observed in the presence of all of the amino acids and the nucleotides GMP, CMP, UMP, and TMP, but not in the presence of AMP or the nucleosides rG and dG. In the presence of calf thymus histone, the association of cis-PPC with calf thymus DNA was reduced by more than 50% at histone/DNA ratios of 0.8–1.0.These data suggest that cis-PPC or cis-Pt(II) may associate with electron-rich areas of not only nucleic acids and proteins but also with body pools of free nucleotides and amino acids. The presence of positively charged histones shielding DNA strands in vivo suggests that the most probable point of platinum-DNA association would be at de-repressed areas of DNA which are undergoing RNA synthesis. The aquated form of the platinum complex may also associate with acidic proteins which appear to be involved in the positive control of RNA synthesis and, as a result, this interaction may be of pharmacological significance.  相似文献   

19.
八种脑-肠肽侧脑室内注射对大鼠基础胃酸分泌的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用乌拉坦麻醉大鼠作急性实验,采用连续灌流胃并收集流出液的方法,观察向侧脑室内注射微量脑-肠肽对大鼠基础胃酸分泌的影响。实验结果如下:(1)雨蛙肽、八肽胆囊收缩素、促甲状腺素释放激素及四肽胃泌素均使总酸排出量增加;(2)生长抑素、胰多肽、P 物质、胰高血糖素则使总酸排出量减少;(3)上述肽类用侧脑室注射的剂量作肌肉注射,除四肽胃泌素也产生明显的刺激胃酸分泌作用外,对胃酸分泌均无明显影响。以上结果提示,脑内的一些肽类可能以神经递质或调制物的方式,参与中枢对胃酸分泌的调节。  相似文献   

20.
The mitogenic responses of separated rabbit lymphocyte populations functionally analogous to mouse T and B cells have been tested in vitro. Purified T cells were prepared by passage over nylon wool (NW) and purified B cells prepared by treatment with antithymocyte serum and complement (ATS + C). ATS + C kills 70% of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL's) and 50% of the spleen cells while passage over NW yields 40% of the applied PBL's and 5–23% of the applied spleen cells. NW-purified T cells from the spleen or PBL's respond fully to concanavalin A (Con A) but have a reduced response to phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and little or no response to goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (anti-Ig). PBL's that survive ATS + C (B cells) are stimulated by anti-Ig but not by Con A or PHA. B cells purified from spleen do not respond to Con A or PHA but will respond to anti-Ig under appropriate conditions. A full spleen B-cell response to anti-Ig required removal of Ig produced by the cultures that blocked anti-Ig stimulation. It is concluded that, for rabbit lymphocytes, Con A and PHA are primarily T-cell mitogens and that anti-Ig is primarily a B-cell mitogen. However, the mitogen response of unfractionated PBL or spleen cell populations indicates an overlap in reactivity. This could be due to cells sharing T and B properties, alteration of cell populations by the fractionation procedures used, or recruitment of one population in the presence of a mitogenic response of the other population.  相似文献   

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