中国切翅蝗属两新种(直翅目: 蝗总科: 斑腿蝗科)

记述了采自台湾和云南的斑腿蝗科Catantopidae切翅蝗属Coptacra stal2新种,即台湾切翅蝗C.aiwanensis sp.nov.和云南切翅蝗C.yunnanensis sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。     

甘肃石栖蝗属一新种(直翅目,网翅蝗科)

记述采自甘肃的网翅蝗科石栖蝗属Saxetophilus 1新种,即甘肃石栖蝗S.gansuensis sp.nov.,新种近似于石栖蝗S.petulans Umnov,1930和米氏石栖蝗S.mistshenkoiNaumovitsh,1988,与它们的区别见表1.并附有石栖蝗属种的检索表.模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室.     

越北腹露蝗卵寄生蜂：东方蝗卵蜂

东方蝗卵蜂Scelio oriemalis Dodd是越北腹露蝗Fruhstorferiola tonkinensis Will.卵的寄生性天敌.2004-2006年对广东省北部越北腹露蝗卵粒和卵块寄生率分别为43.18%和89.34%.东方蝗卵蜂产卵在越北腹露蝗卵中,幼虫期为2龄,每粒被寄生的蝗卵只出l头蜂.东方蝗卵蜂的产卵系统发达,不仅骨化程度高,而且具有伸缩性.雌雄件比约为1:0.6,羽化后即可交配.以5%的葡萄糖溶液喂养成蜂,最多可存活31 d.东方蝗卵蜂可能是某些年份越北腹露蝗种群下降的重要因子.     

四川省大凉山地区二齿蝗属一新种（蝗总科：网翅蝗科）

本文记述大凉山地区网翅蝗科二齿蝗属一新种,黑条二齿蝗Bidentacris nigrilinearis sp.nov.。     

湖北省蝗总科(直翅目,网翅蝗科,斑腿蝗科)二新种

记述了分属于蝗总科雏蝗属和直斑腿蝗属的两新种,即天堂雏蝗Chorthippus tiantangensis sp.nov、和短翅直斑腿蝗Stenocatantops brevipennis sp.nov..正模标本保存在湖北黄冈师范学院生物系,副模标本分别保存在陕西师范大学动物学研究所和湖北黄冈师范学院生物系.     

新疆斑翘蝗科三新种（直翅目，蝗总科）

记述分布在新疆地区斑翅蝗科Ocdipodidae3新种,即蓝胫胫刺蝗Compsorhipis cyanitibia sp.nov,黑肛束颈蝗Sphingonotus peliepiproct sp.nov。及托里束颈蝗Sphingonotus toliensis sp.nov,模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室。     

青海省牧草蝗属二新种(直翅目:网翅蝗科)

记述采自青海省网翅蝗科牧草蝗属2新种,即平安牧草蝗Omocestus pinanensis sp.nov。及青海湖牧草蝗Omocestus qinghaihuensis sp.nov。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

中国台湾佛蝗属一新种(直翅目,剑角蝗科,佛蝗亚科)

记述了采自中国台湾剑角蝗科佛蝗亚科佛蝗属Phlaeoba Stal,1860的1新种南投佛蝗Phlaeoba nantouensis sp.nov.,该新种近似台湾佛蝗Phlaeoba formosana（Shiraki,1910）,区别特征为前翅较长,超过第3腹节背板的后缘;触角中段一节的长为宽的4倍;肛上板中纵沟深,两侧平行。模式标本保存于国立自然科学博物馆,台中。     

方板蝗属一新种：（蝗总科：斑腿蝗科）

本文记述方板蝗属Squaroplatacris 1新种,小方板蝗Squaroplatacris elegans,sp.nov.。该新种近似于紫胫方板蝗S.violatibialis Liang et Zheng,主要区别为:体型较小,眼间距宽度狭于颜面隆起宽,前胸背板前缘平直,前胸背板后横沟位于背板中部或中后部,中胸腹板侧叶间中隔长为宽的1.2—1.3倍。     

山东省网翅蝗属一新种(直翅目,蝗总科,网翅蝗科)

记述了采自中国山东省网翅蝗科的1新种,黄条网翅蝗Arcyptera flavivittata sp.nov..模式标本保存于山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安.     

青海省原金蝗属一新种(直翅目,斑腿蝗科)

记述采白青海省昂欠县原金蝗属l新种,昂欠原金蝗Eokingdonella angqianensis sp.nov.,新种近似于龙胆原金蝗Eokingdonella gentiana(Uvarov,1939),其主要区别为:1)雄性腹部末端背板小尾片极小,三角形;2)雄性肛上板狭长.顶狭圆;3)雄性尾须不到达肛上板顶端;4)后足股节下侧基2/3红色.端1/3黑色.模式标本保存于青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院动物标本窜.     

One new genus and three new species of wingless grasshoppers from Xizang,China(Orthoptera:Acridoidea)

One new genus and three new species of wingless grasshoppers,i.e.Pseudozubovskia gen.nov.,Pseudozubovskia xizangensis sp.nov.,Eokingdonella gongbugyanda sp.nov.,Dysanema magna sp.nov.are described.The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology,Shaanxi Normal University.     

HYDROGENASE ACTIVITY OF CELL-FREE PREPARATION OBTAINED FROM THE BLUE-GREEN ALGA, ANABAENA CYLINDRICA

A cell-free preparation of hydrogenase was obtained from acetone-driedcells of Anabaena cylindrica. This preparation was capable ofcatalyzing the reduction of various redox dyes by molecularhydrogen and evolution of hydrogen from reduced methyl viologen.PMS, methylene blue, DPIP and toluidine blue were effective,in this order, as hydrogen acceptors. Ferricyanide, p-quinone,phenosafranine and neutral red were not reduced by the presentpreparation. PPNR obtained from this alga was effective on neitherreduction of NAD and NADP by hydrogen nor stimulation of hydrogenuptake with methylene blue and PMS. Coupled with hydrogenasereaction, there occurred reduction of nitrate to ammonia whenmethylene blue was added to the reaction mixture. ¹Present address: Department of Zoology, University of Texas,Austin, Texas, U.S.A.     

Metachromasia of basic dyes induced by mercuric chloride. I

Summary Interactions of the cationic dye methylene blue with mercuric chloride have been studied conductometrically, analytically and spectrophotometrically. Methylene blue produces red colored precipitate with mercuric chloride; in presence of large excess of mercuric chloride a strong metachromasia is induced in the dye. Metachromasia induced by mercuric chloride is more hypsochromic as well as hypochromic than that induced by chromotopes like heparin. The complexes formed between methylene blue and mercuric chloride have variable compositions, the complex responsible for the red metachromatic color of the dye has the composition 2 dye: 1 HgCl₂. A model has been proposed for the metachromatic complex consisting hexa-coordinated mercury, dye is coordinated to the mercury by donating the lone pair electrons of terminal nitrogen. The non-metachromatic dye capri blue also interacts with mercuric chloride but without any change in the visible spectrum. Potassium iodide also gives metachromatic reddish blue colored precipitate with methylene blue.University Research Scholar.     

Cryptosporidiosis in young children suffering from diarrhoea in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

A one-year study of patients (0-120 months of age) with diarrhoea at King Abdel-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, detected two cases of cryptosporidiosis. Stool specimens from 174 children with diarrhoea and negative for other parasitic infection were examined using a safranin-methylene blue stain (S-MB). Two children (L.1%) were showing Cryptosporidium oocysts. None of 50 control children who did not have diarrhoea and was free of Giardia lamblia was Cryptosporidium positive.     

Some Effects of Light on the Growth,Molting, Reproduction and Survival of the Cladoceran,Daphnia pulex

Daphnia pulex were raised under nine light intensities, 0, 1.7, 3.5, 7, 14, 28, 55 and 110 ft-c, polarized light, 6.6 ft-c, and four wavelength ranges, violet, blue, green and red.Of the nine light intensities studied, only 28 ft-c significantly depressed growth. Light generally may retard growth between molts. There was no intensity effect on molting rate although there was a significant affect on the number of preadult molts. Light may affect the amount of time prior to the release of the first brood. Light intensity did not affect the average number of broods per adult but significantly affected the number of young per brood and young per adult and the effects varied. High light intensity significantly affected the number of undeveloped young and nonviable eggs and abortion rate. Reproduction curves under darkness, 3.5, 7, 14, 28 and 55 ft-c do not drop rapidly after an initial peak and apparent plateaus exist with a decline in reproduction during later instars. Light did not significantly affect survival.All effects of polarized light (6.6 ft-c) were indistinguishable from the effects of light intensity.Red wavelengths significantly retard total growth and green wavelengths significantly stimulate molting and retard growth between molts. There was no effect of wavelength on the number of preadult molts but red populations took significantly longer to release the first brood. Wavelengths did not affect the number of broods per adult but blue wavelength significantly increased the number of young per brood and per adult. Wavelength did not affect the number of undeveloped young, nonviable eggs or abortion rate. Reproduction curves under vioîlet and green wavelength do not decline after an initial peak. Animals raised under only a portion of the visible spectrum, and specifically green wavelenghts, had an increased mortality. The effects of wavelengths are probably independent of light intensity.This paper is part of a Ph.D. Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Kansas.Supported in part by a NSF Summer Traineeship and Grant # 1175 from the University of Kansas Computation Center.Supported in part by a NSF Summer Traineeship and Grant # 1175 from the University of Kansas Computation Center.     

Biochemical characterization of six trisomics of grain sorghum,Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

To determine protein differences of grain sorghum disomics and trisomics, we analyzed leaf extracts from six trisomics and a disomic control by disc gel, gel isoelectric focusing, and SDS gel electrophoresis. Based on the number and position of protein bands revealed by Commassie blue staining, the disomic control could be differentiated from the trisomics, and trisomics could be shown to differ among themselves in most cases. SDS gels revealed the most protein bands, followed by isoelectric focusing and disc gel. However, disc gel electrophoresis was the simplest technique of the three and was just as effective in identifying trisomics and differentiating trisomics from the disomic control.Contribution 1596-j, Department of Agronomy, and 182-j, Department of Biochemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.     

The use of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine to detect peroxidase activity on polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels

N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylphenylenediamine (TMPD) acts as an effective indicator of peroxidase activity on polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels. The test is easy to perform, rapid, sensitive, and reliable. The procedure produces vivid bright blue bands (Wursters blue) on a clear background. TMPD and Wursters blue did not interfere with a number of other electrophoresis stains subsequently applied. These included total protein staining with Coomassie blue, and a number of pigment producing electrophoresis stains used to investigate melanogenesis-related enzymes in the black yeast Phaeococcomyces sp.     

BLUE WHALE, BALAENOPTERA MUSCULUS, VOCALIZATIONS FROM THE WATERS OFF CENTRAL CALIFORNIA

Low-frequency calls produced by blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus , were recorded in the northeastern Pacific Ocean off central California. Two blue whales were sighted during a vessel-based marine mammal survey, and when sonobuoys were subsequently deployed, blue whale calls were recorded. A third recording was obtained during the survey from a blue whale that was not seen. Recordings with 15, 25, and 55 min of calls were obtained from these individuals. The three recordings all contain two-part, low-frequency calls with slight interindividual variation. The calls consist of an amplitude modulated (AM) signal with a mean center frequency of 16.5 Hz, followed by a downsweep whose mean center frequency sweeps from 18.2 Hz to 16.6 Hz. The recordings are compared with blue whale recordings from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The geographic variability suggests that blue whale calls may be used as an acoustic indicator of stock identity.     

Stomata from npq1, a zeaxanthin-less Arabidopsis mutant, lack a specific response to blue light

The Arabidopsis mutant npq1, which cannot accumulate zeaxanthin because of a defective violaxanthin deepoxidase, was used to investigate the role of zeaxanthin in the stomatal response to blue light. Neither dark-adapted nor light-treated guard cells or mesophyll cells of the npq1 mutant contained detectable zeaxanthin. In contrast, wild-type guard cells had a significant zeaxanthin content in the dark and accumulated large amounts of zeaxanthin when illuminated. The well-documented red light enhancement of blue light-stimulated stomatal opening, in which increasing fluence rates of background red light result in increased response to blue light, was used to probe the specific blue light response of Arabidopsis stomata. Stomata from the npq1 mutant did not have a specific blue light response under all fluence rates of background red light tested. On the other hand, stomata from leaves of hy4 (cry 1), an Arabidopsis mutant lacking blue light-dependent inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, had a typical enhancement of the blue light response by background red light. The lack of a specific blue light response in the zeaxanthinless npq1 mutant provides genetic evidence for the role of zeaxanthin as a blue light photoreceptor in guard cells.