表达O型口蹄疫病毒 VP1基因的重组病毒BHV-1的构建与鉴定

摘要：【目的】为了构建表达口蹄疫病毒（O/China/99）VP1基因的牛疱疹病毒1型,将人工合成的口蹄疫病毒VP1基因插入到巨细胞病毒（CMV）启动子之下构建gE基因缺失转移载体。【方法】利用磷酸钙介导转染法将该转移载体与亲本病毒BHV-1/gE-/LacZ+的基因组DNA共转染牛鼻甲细胞后收获增殖的病毒。通过筛选白色病毒蚀斑,得到重组病毒BHV-1/gE-/VP1。【结果】PCR检测结果表明VP1基因已经插入到了重组病毒BHV-1/gE-的基因组中,间接免疫荧光试验和Western blot证实了BHV-1/gE-/VP1中的VP1基因在感染的细胞中获得了表达。【结论】本研究成功的构建了表达口蹄疫病毒VP1基因的重组病毒BHV-1/gE-/VP1,为研制口蹄疫及其他重要牛传染病的BHV-1病毒载体疫苗奠定了基础。     

O型口蹄疫病毒VPl基因与大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素LTB基因的融合表达及表达产物的免疫原性分析

以质粒pMDTLT为模板,用PCR的方法扩增出LTB基因,然后将其插入到pETVP1质粒中VP1基因的上游,构建了含有融合基因LTBVP1的表达质粒pETLTBVP1.转化宿主菌BL21(DE3)LysS后进行诱导表达,诱导菌经SDS-PAGE显示重组蛋白以包涵体的形式表达,分子量约为39 kD;Western blotting分析表明,重组蛋白能与FMDV阳性血清及兔抗霍乱毒素(CT)血清反应,说明融合蛋白保持了LTB和VP1各自的免疫学活性.小鼠免疫实验表明:该融合蛋白通过腹腔接种小鼠能诱导产生较强的免疫应答反应,免疫鼠产生的血清抗体水平高于试验中商品口蹄疫疫苗免疫组.     

6株0型口蹄疫病毒结构蛋白vpl基因的克隆与序列分析

提取6株O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)(T1-T6)的RNA,用一对通用引物经RT-PCR方法将6株FMDVVP1基因片段扩增出来。克隆测序,核苷酸序列分析表明,T1-T6六株vpl基因的核苷酸序列同源性在95％～99．8％之间,氨基酸序列同源性在94．8％～100％之间。T1-T6六株病毒vpl基因的核苷酸序列与已经发表的O／HKN／14／82、O/TAW/81,97、O／PHI／7／96、O／HKN／1／99和O／HKN／16／96的同源性较高,核苷酸序列同源性在86．1％～95．8％之间：发现6株毒株的主要中和抗原表位140-160、200-213位的氨基酸序列完全相同,推测它们有相近的中和抗体表位和抗原性。故推断本试验中的6株FMDV株属于同一基因型,即FMDV O型中国拓朴型(Cathay topotype)。     

表达O型口蹄疫病毒保护性抗原表位重组PRRSV的构建及其鉴定

以高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征弱毒疫苗的感染性分子克隆(rHuN4-F112)作为载体,将O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)VP1基因的421~480nt(141~160aa)和598~639nt(200~213aa)两优势保护性抗原表位串联成的目的基因,通过突变PCR的方法插入Nsp2中的508~532位缺失区域,经体外转录后转染至BHK-21细胞中培养36 h,将上清接种至MARC-145细胞中培养,并在MARC-145细胞中连续传代,拯救重组病毒。经RT-PCR扩增,MluⅠ酶切及测序验证,结果表明插入的外源基因及人为突变的MluⅠ分子标记都正确,说明重组病毒拯救成功,且该重组病毒能够在MARC-145细胞中稳定传代,将此重组病毒命名为rPRRSV-F112-O/VP1ep。rPRRSV-F112-O/VP1ep能够在MARC-145细胞上引起明显的细胞病变,间接免疫荧光检测表明外源基因在该病毒中成功获得了表达。经过生物学特性分析,该病毒的TCID50=-log10-6.75/0.1 mL,且在MARC-145细胞中整体生长速度与其亲本病毒rHuN4-F112(△508-532)相似,但明显高于rHuN4-F112病毒。     

口蹄疫病毒VP1高效植物表达载体构建及鉴定

采用高保真PCR方法从pGEM-VP1-T质粒扩出VP1基因,定向克隆到含DHA的融合中间载体pUC18-DHA,得到pUC18-VP1-DHA,经测序证实核酸序列正确后,再亚克隆到转化范围广,转化效率高,且含有双增强子的高效植物双元表达载体pGreen0029-GFP上,获得含VP1融合DHA基因的植物双元表达载体pGreen0029-VP1-DHA,采用电击法将含VP1的植物表达载体转入根癌农杆菌G3101中,获得了含VP1基因的双元植物表达载体,为下一步的广范围转基因植物表达研究奠定了基础。     

Asia1型口蹄疫病毒分离株结构蛋白基因的克隆与表达

口蹄疫病毒结构蛋白氨基酸的变化是病毒抗原性变异的分子基础,大部分抗原表位位于主要的免疫原蛋白VP1上,部分非线性抗原表位位于VP2和VP3上。本研究首次成功测定了 Asia1 型口蹄疫病毒(YNBS/58)四种结构蛋白基因( p1 区)的核苷酸序列,全长 2199 个碱基,编码 733 个氨基酸,该基因与 Ind63/72、Pka3/54、Israel、China/99、C1/Germany、A22、ZIM7/83/2 毒株的 p1 基因核苷酸序列同源性分别为 88. 4%、86. 0%、89. 3%、68.6%、67.6%、66.8%、50.3%,推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别为 94.1%、93.2%、95.1%、79.9%、77.0%、76.5%、58.1%;将YNBS/58株与 Ind63/72、Pka3/54、Israel株的 vp1、vp2、vp3、vp4 基因和编码蛋白分别进行同源性比较,发现VP1的序列变异最大,VP2、VP3、VP4次之,且VP1的氨基酸变异主要集中在 42-50 位和 137-156 位。实现了YNBS/58株结构蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达,其表达的融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,分子量约为88kDa,占菌体总蛋白的16%左右,并利用镍柱对目的蛋白进行了纯化,纯度达 90%以上,本实验为进一步研究 A sia1型口蹄疫病毒的分子流行病学、p1基因及其编码蛋白的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

Asia1型口蹄疫病毒分离株结构蛋白基因的克隆与表达

口蹄疫病毒结构蛋白氨基酸的变化是病毒抗原性变异的分子基础,大部分抗原表位位于主要的免疫原蛋白VP1上,部分非线性抗原表位位于VP2和VP3上.本研究首次成功测定了Asia1型口蹄疫病毒(YNBS/58)四种结构蛋白基因(p1区)的核苷酸序列,全长2199个碱基,编码733个氨基酸,该基因与Ind63/72、Pka3/54、Israel、China/99、C1/Germany、A22、ZIM7/83/2毒株的p1基因核苷酸序列同源性分别为88.4%、86.0%、89.3%、68.6%、67.6%、66.8%、50.3%,推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别为94.1%、93.2%、95.1%、79.9%、77.0%、76.5%、58.1%;将YNBS/58株与Ind63/72、Pka3/54、Israel株的vp1、vp2、vp3、vp4基因和编码蛋白分别进行同源性比较,发现VP1的序列变异最大,VP2、VP3、VP4次之,且VP1的氨基酸变异主要集中在42-50位和137-156位.实现了YNBS/58株结构蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达,其表达的融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,分子量约为88kDa,占菌体总蛋白的16%左右,并利用镍柱对目的蛋白进行了纯化,纯度达90%以上,本实验为进一步研究A-sia1型口蹄疫病毒的分子流行病学、p1基因及其编码蛋白的生物学功能奠定了基础.     

三株牛源亚洲1型口蹄疫病毒VP1基因的克隆与序列分析

以3株国内分离的亚洲1型口蹄疫病毒(分别命名为F1、F2、F3)为研究目标,根据GenBank中注册的FMDV VP1基因的序列设计1对引物,采用RT-PCR方法成功地扩增出含有VP1全基因的片段,并测定了3个毒株VP1基因的序列.结果表明,3株亚洲1型FMDV毒株VP1基因长度均为633 bp,编码211个氨基酸.3株毒株彼此之间的核苷酸序列同源性在82.8% ～99.1%之间,推导氨基酸序列同源性在89.1% ～99.1%之间.从系统发生树看,F1株与我国香港2005年牛毒株序列同源性99.5%,属同一遗传谱系,F2株、F3株与2005年引起河北省万全县、北京市延庆县、甘肃静宁县疫情的毒株分属同一个基因群.     

三株牛源亚洲1型口蹄疫病毒聊基因的克隆与序列分析

以3株国内分离的亚洲1型口蹄疫病毒（分别命名为F1、F2、F3）为研究目标,根据GenBank中注册的FMDV VP1基因的序列设计1对引物,采用RT-PCR方法成功地扩增出含有VP1全基因的片段,并测定了3个毒株VP1基因的序列。结果表明,3株亚洲1型FMDV毒株VP1基因长度均为633bp,编码211个氨基酸。3株毒株彼此之间的核苷酸序列同源性在82．8％～99．1％之间,雅导氨基酸序列同源性在89．1％～99．1％之间。从系统发生树看,F1株与我国香港2005年牛毒株序列同源性99．5％,属同一遗传谱系,F2株、F3株与2005年引起河北省万全县、北京市延庆县、甘肃静宁县疫情的毒株分属同一个基因群。     

O型口蹄疫病毒VP1基因与大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素LTB 基因的融合表达及表达产物的免疫原性分析

以质粒pMDTLT为模板、用PCR的方法扩增出LTB基因,然后将其插入到pETVP1质粒中VP1基因的上游,构建了含有融合基因LTBVP1的表达质粒pETLTBVP1。转化宿主菌BL21(DE3)LysS后进行诱导表达,诱导菌经SDS-PAGE显示重组蛋白以包涵体的形式表达,分子量约为39kD;Western blotting分析表明,重组蛋白能与FMDV阳性血清及兔抗霍乱毒素(CT)血清反应,说明融合蛋白保持了LTB和VP1各自的免疫学活性。小鼠免疫实验表明:该融合蛋白通过腹腔接种小鼠能诱导产生较强的免疫应答反应,免疫鼠产生的血清抗体水平高于试验中商品口蹄疫疫苗免疫组。     

Construction of a recombinant BHV-1 expressing the VP1 gene of foot and mouth disease virus and its immunogenicity in a rabbit model

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) are two important infectious diseases of cattle. Using bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) as a gene delivery vector for development of live-viral vaccines has gained widespread interest. In this study, a recombinant BHV-1 was constructed by inserting the synthetic FMDV (O/China/99) VP1 gene in the the gE locus of BHV-1 genome under the control of immediately early gene promoter of human cytomegalovirus (phIE CMV) and bovine growth hormone polyadenylation (BGH polyA) signal. After homologous recombination and plaque purification, a recombinant virus named BHV-1/gE⁻/VP1 was acquired and identified. The immunogenicity was confirmed in a rabbit model by virus neutralization test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The result indicated that the BHV-1/gE⁻/VP1 has the potential for being developed as a bivalent vaccine for FMD and IBR.     

Purification and immunogenicity of fusion VP1 protein of foot and mouth disease virus

A procedure has been developed to purify foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) VP1 surface antigens from recombinant Escherichia coli. The VP1 antigens are expressed as fusion proteins derived from the E. coli Trp operon and VP1 surface protein of FMDV. The procedure is capable of recovering greater than 96% of the desired product at a purity of greater than 96%. The resulting antigens induce significant levels of virus-neutralizing antibody in guinea pigs and cattle as determined by a mouse protection assay [Skinner, H.H. (1952) Proc. Int. Vet. Congr., 15th 1, 195]. E. coli contaminants have a deleterious effect on ion-exchange chromatography as well as immunogenicity of the expressed fusion VP1 antigens. The method presented removes significant E. coli contaminants, yielding fusion VP1 proteins which are immunogenically potent. In particular, virus neutralization titers at 100-micrograms dosage of the fusion VP1 proteins of the O1 and A24 serotypes are similar to that induced by the natural VP1 proteins isolated from FMD virions.     

A novel recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing parvovirus VP2 gene: Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in swine

Background

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) VP2 gene has been successfully expressed in many expression systems resulting in self-assembly of virus-like particles (VLPs) with similar morphology to the native capsid. Here, a pseudorabies virus (PRV) system was adopted to express the PPV VP2 gene.

Methods

A recombinant PRV SA215/VP2 was obtained by homologous recombination between the vector PRV viral DNA and a transfer plasmid. Then recombinant virus was purified with plaque purification, and its identity confirmed by PCR amplification, Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) analyses. Electronic microscopy of PRV SA215/VP2 confirmed self-assembly of both pseudorabies virus and VLPs from VP2 protein.

Results

Immunization of piglets with recombinant virus elicited PRV-specific and PPV-specific humoral immune responses and provided complete protection against a lethal dose of PRV challenges. Gilts immunized with recombinant viruses induced PPV-specific antibodies, and significantly reduced the mortality rate of (1 of 28) following virulent PPV challenge compared with the control (7 of 31). Furthermore, PPV virus DNA was not detected in the fetuses of recombinant virus immunized gilts.

Conclusions

In this study, a recombinant PRV SA215/VP2 virus expressing PPV VP2 protein was constructed using PRV SA215 vector. The safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of the recombinant virus were demonstrated in piglets and primiparous gilts. This recombinant PRV SA215/VP2 represents a suitable candidate for the development of a bivalent vaccine against both PRV and PPV infection.

     

Correlation between efficacy and structure of recombinant epitope vaccines against bovine type O foot and mouth disease virus

To develop recombinant epitope vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), genes coding for six recombinant proteins (rP1–rP6) consisting of different combinations of B cell and T cell epitope from VP1 capsid protein (VP1) of type O FMDV were constructed and the 3D structure of these proteins analyzed. This revealed a surface-exposed RGD sequence of B cell epitopes in all six recombinant proteins as that in VP1 of FMDV and rP1, rP2 and rP4 globally mimicked the backbone conformation of the VP1. rP1, rP2 and rP4 stimulated guinea pigs to produce higher level of neutralizing antibodies capable of protecting suckling mice against FMDV challenge. rP1 stimulated cattle to produce FMDV-neutralizing antibody. The data suggest that an efficient recombinant epitope vaccine against FMDV should share local similarities with the natural VP1 of FMDV.     

Primary structure of the A22 RNA polymerase gene of the foot and mouth disease virus

Complete nucleotide sequence of gene RNA polymerase for the foot-and-mouth disease virus subtype A22 has been determined.     

Bovine cells expressing bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) glycoprotein IV resist infection by BHV-1, herpes simplex virus, and pseudorabies virus.

We expressed the bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) glycoprotein IV (gIV) in bovine cells. The protein expressed was identical in molecular mass and antigenic reactivity to the native gIV protein but was localized in the cytoplasm. Expressing cells were partially resistant to BHV-1, herpes simplex virus, and pseudorabies virus, as shown by a 10- to 1,000-fold-lower number of plaques forming on these cells than on control cells. The level of resistance depended on the level of gIV expression and the type and amount of challenge virus. These data are consistent with previous reports by others that cellular expression of the BHV-1 gIV homologs, herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D, and pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gp50 provide partial resistance against infection with these viruses. We have extended these findings by showing that once BHV-1 enters gIV-expressing cells, it replicates and spreads normally, as shown by the normal size of BHV-1 plaques and the delayed but vigorous synthesis of viral proteins. Our data are consistent with the binding of BHV-1 gIV to a cellular receptor required for initial penetration by all three herpesviruses and interference with the function of that receptor molecule.