广西酸性土地区季节性雨林的分类研究

季节性雨林是广西南部北热带地区的地带性植被类型。本文主要介绍酸性土地区季节性雨林的类型, 记录了下列几个群系:1、以窄叶坡垒为主的季节性雨林;2、以擎天树为主的季节性雨林;3、以小叶红光树为主的季节性雨林;4、以风吹楠为主的季节性雨林;5、以咛为主的季节性雨林;6、以紫荆木为主的季节性雨林;7、以橄榄为主的季节性雨林;8、以米老排为主的季节性雨林;9、以大果马蹄荷为主的季节性雨林;10、以红苞木为主的季节性雨林;11、以仪花为主的季节性雨林;12、以格木为主的季节性雨林;13、以翅子树为主的季节性雨林;14、以红鳞蒲桃为主的季节性雨林;并把已确定的群丛列举出来。     

广西酸性土地区季节性雨林的分类研究

季节性雨林是广西南部北热带地区的地带性植被类型。本文主要介绍酸性土地区季节性雨林的类型, 记录了下列几个群系:1、以窄叶坡垒为主的季节性雨林;2、以擎天树为主的季节性雨林;3、以小叶红光树为主的季节性雨林;4、以风吹楠为主的季节性雨林;5、以嚜咛为主的季节性雨林;6、以紫荆木为主的季节性雨林;7、以橄榄为主的季节性雨林;8、以米老排为主的季节性雨林;9、以大果马蹄荷为主的季节性雨林;10、以红苞木为主的季节性雨林;11、以仪花为主的季节性雨林;12、以格木为主的季节性雨林;13、以翅子树为主的季节性雨林;14、以红鳞蒲桃为主的季节性雨林;并把已确定的群丛列举出来。     

Reviews of publications

Principles of Crop Improvement, by N. W. Simmonds
Marine Organisms – Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, edited by B. Battaglia & J. A. Beardrnore
Arthropod Phytogeny, edited by A. P. Gupta. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Field Guide to the Land Snails of Britain and North-west Europe, by M. P. Kernev & R. A. D. Cameron; illustrated by Gordon Riley
Key to the Fishes of Northern Europe, by Alwync Wheeler; illustrated by Peter Stebbing; maps by F. Rodney Fraser
Penguin Nature Guides: The Biology of Flowers, by Eigil Holm; illustrated by Thomas BredsdorfT; translated by Joan Tate; edited & adapted by Ronald Melville
Penguin Nature Guides: Orchids of Northern Europe, by Sven Nilsson; illustrated by Bo Mossberg; edited & adapted by P. Francis Hunt
A New Look at the Dinosaurs, by Alan Charig. Heinemann     

Effects of wild-type and mutated p53 and Id proteins on the induction of apoptosis by adenovirus E1A, c-Myc, Bax, and Nip3 in p53 null mouse cerebellum cells

The sensitivities of apoptosis induced by E1A, c-Myc, Bax, and Nip3 to wild-type (wt) and mutated p53 and Id proteins were analyzed by transient transfection followed by flow cytometry with p53 null mouse cerebellum cell lines W7 and M13 that express wt and mutated p53 in response to dexamethasone, respectively. Apoptosis induced by c-Myc was stimulated weakly by wt p53, strongly by Ids, but suppressed completely by mutated p53 irrespective of coexpression with Ids, while apoptosis induced by E1A was suppressed by mutated p53 but stimulated when coexpressed with Ids. Apoptosis induced by Bax was little affected by wt and mutated p53, but inhibited by Ids, while apoptosis induced by Nip3 was inhibited by both wt and mutated p53 and inhibition was stimulated by Ids. Caspase-1 was activated only by Bax significantly when coexpressed with mutated p53 but not with wt p53. These results indicate that the apoptotic processes elicited by these inducers are different and differently affected by wt and mutated p53 and by Ids.     

Audiovisuals Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Vagrant Woman . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
A Forty Dollar Misunderstanding . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Two Brothers . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Wrong Kid . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
The Informant . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
After the Game . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
901/904 . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
An Investigation of a Hit and Run . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
A Legal Discussion of a Hit and Run . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Nothing Hurt but My Pride . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Youth and the Man of Property . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Manifold Controversy . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Appitsch and the Drunk . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
Henry is Drunk . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
T-Group . A film by JOHN MARSHALL
You Wasn't Loitering . A film by JOHN MARSHALL     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
The Voyage of Charles Darwin: His Autobiographical writings, selected and arranged by Christopher Railing.
Penguin Nature Guides: Fungi of Northern Europe, Vols I & II, by S. Nilsson &; O. Persson; illustrated by B. Mossberg
Penguin Nature Guides: Plant Communities, by Anned Biilow-Olsen, illustrated by Susanne Larsen; translated from the Danish by Joan Tate; edited and adapted by Francis Rose.
Penguin Nature Guides: Fishes of the British and Northern European Seas, by J. Moller Christensen; illustrated by Bente Nystrom; translated from the Danish by Gwynne Vevers; edited and adapted by Gwynne Vevers and Philip Orkin.
Birds of Wood, Park and Garden, text and illustrations by Lars Jonsson; translated from the Swedish by Roger Tanner
Birds of Sea and Coast, text and illustrations by Lars Jonsson; translated from the Swedish by Roger Tanner     

Isolation of dicarboxylic acid- and glucose-binding proteins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Inducible binding proteins for C4-dicarboxylic acids (DBP) and glucose (GBP) were isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa by extraction of exponential-phase cells with 0.2 M MgC12 (pH 8.5) and by an osmotic shock procedure without affecting cell viability. DBP synthesis was induced by growth on aspartate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, malate, and malonate but not by growth on acetate, citrate, pyruvate, or glucose. Binding of succinate by DBP was competitively inhibited by 10-fold concentrations of fumarate and malate but not by a variety of related substances. GBP synthesis and transport of methyl alpha-glucoside by whole cells were induced by growth on glucose or pyruvate plus galactose, 2-deoxyglucose, or methyl alpha-glucoside but not by growth on gluconate, succinate, acetate, or pyruvate. The binding of radioactive glucose by GBP was significantly inhibited by 10-fold concentrations of glucose, galactose, and glucose-1-phosphate but not by the other carbohydrates tested. The binding of glucose by GBP or succinate by DBP did not result in any chemical alteration of the substrates.     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
A World Like Our Own—Man and Nature in Madagascar , by Alison Jolly.
Vertebrate Limb Regeneration , by H. Wallace.
Statistical Methods in Biology , by N. T.J. Bailey
Conservation and Evolution , by O. H. Frankel & M. E. Soule
Evolution in Age-structured Populations by B. Charlesworth
Essential Biology , by Herbert T. Hendrickson
Flora Suzakiensis , edited by Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household
Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process , by N. Eldredge & J. Cracraft
Excursion Flora of the British Isles , by A. R. Clapham, T. G. Tutin & E. F. Warburg
Whales , by W. N. Bonner
Les Chevaux, Fossiles et Actuels , by V. Eisenmann
Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance , by David S. Brown
Symbiosis in Cell Evolution , by Lynn Margulis
Vegetation Dynamics , by J. Miles     

广西石灰岩山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林分类的研究

石灰岩山地在广西占有相当大的面积,在亚热带范围形成一种独特的石灰岩常绿落叶阔叶混交林,常常与砂页岩山地的常绿阔叶林镶嵌分布。本文主要论述它的系统分类和地理分布规律。     

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE STIMULATION OF THE PHOSPHOLIPASE A2-ACYLATION SYSTEM OF SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES OF BRAIN, BY NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND OTHER AGONISTS

Methacholine, nicotine and succinylcholine stimulated the phospholipase A2-acylation system of synaptic membranes isolated from the cerebral cortex of guinea pig. Stimulation by acetylcholine was partially blocked by atropine and by D-tuberocurarine respectively, indicating both muscarinic and nicotinic stimulation. Muscarinic stimulation by acetylcholine was greater than -isotinic stimulation, and stimulation by acetylcholine was completely blocked by a combip, or;. and n-tuberocurarine. The phospholipase A2-acylat tem was stimulated by phenylcphrine., id. Cqxoterenoi. Stimulation by noradrenaline was J-. tidlr, by phenoxybenzamine and pindalol i:spectively, indicating both 8-adrenergic and P-adrenergic ztimulation. n-Adrenergic stimulation by noradrenaline was greater than P-adrenergic-stimulation. 5 -mlation by noradrenaline was completely blocked by a combination of phenoxybenzamins and pindalol. Stimulation of both acylation and phospholipid hydrolysis, by 5-hydroxytryptamine and histamine were partially blocked by methysergide and diphenhydramine respectively. Stimulation by dopamine was blocked by halopcridol. Stimulation by y-aminobutyric acid was partially blocked by strychnine and by picrotoxin. Dichloroisoproterenol, atropine, methysergidr, diphenhydramine, strychnine, picrotoxin and eserine, at relatively high concentrations (1 mM), stimuhted the phospholipase A2-acylation system. Synergistic stimulations of both acylatior, and hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine, were observed by adenosine combined with noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine, dopamine or yaminobutyric acid, respectively. In the presence of ATP-MgCI, synergistic stimulations of the hydrolysis of phosphatidyicholine were observed after 30 s by noradrenaline combined with 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine, dopamine, aminobutyric acid or carbamoylcholine respectively. In the presence of GTP-MgC12 synergistic stimulations were obtained by cdrbamoylcholine combined with noradrenaline. 5-hydroxytryptamine. histamine, dopamine or y-aminobutyric acid, respectively. In the presence of ATP-MgC12 plus GTP-MgC12, stimulation by noradrenaline and one other agonist including 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine, dopamine, y-aminobutyric acid or carbamoylcholine were close to additive.     

The regulation of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity by reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (phosphate). Experiments with glucose and nicotinamide.

1. Chronic administration of glucose or nicotinamide in drinking water inhibits the activity of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase, and subsequent withdrawal causes an enhancement. The enzyme activity is also inhibited by administration in drinking water of sucrose, but not fructose, which is capable of preventing the glucose effect. 2. The inhibition by glucose or nictinamide is not due to a defective apoenzyme synthesis nor a decreased cofactor availability. 3. The inhibition by nicotinamide is reversed by regeneration of liver NAD+ and NADP+ in vivo by administration of fructose, pyruvate or phenazine methosulphate. Inhibition by glucose is also reversed by the above agents and by NH4Cl. Reversal of inhibition by glucose or nicotinamide is also achieved in vitro by addition of NAD+ or NADP+. 4. Glucose or nicotinamide increases liver [NADPH]. [NADP+] is also increased by nicotinamide. [NADPH] is also increased by sucrose, but not by fructose, which prevents the glucose effect. Phenazine methosulphate prevents the increase in [NADPH] caused by both glucose and nicotinamide. 5. It is suggested that the inhibition of tryptophan pyrrolase activity by glucose or nicotinamide is mediated by both NADPH and NADH.     

Film Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Discovering Country and Western Music . 1977. Produced by Bernard Wilets.
Full of Life A-Dancin' . 1978. Produced by Robert Fiore and Richard Nevell and directed by Robert Fiore.
Guitar Craft . 1977. Produced by Rob Williams.
Gypsy Yodeler . 1978. Produced by Ron Taylor.
Homemade American Music . 1980. Produced by Carrie Aginsky and Yasha Aginsky.
New England Fiddles . 1984. Produced and directed by John M. Bishop.
Nimrod Workman: To Fit My Own Category . 1975. Directed by Scott Faulkner and Anthony Slone and produced by Appalshop
Oaksi . 1979. Directed by Anthony Slone and produced by Appalshop
Ralph Stanley's Bluegrass Festival . 1982. Produced and directed by Jim Kent.
Sourwood Mountain Dulcimers . 1976. Produced by Gene DuBey.
Sprout Wings and Fly . 1982. A film by Les Blank, Cece Conway , and Alice Gerrard.
Tough, Pretty or Smart: A Portrait of the Patoka Valley Boys . 1981. Produced by Richard Kane and Dillon Bustin.     

Corticosteroids suppress cyclooxygenase messenger RNA levels and prostanoid synthesis in cultured vascular cells

Prostacyclin synthesis by cultured vascular smooth muscle cells was inactivated by aspirin. Recovery required serum factors replaceable by EGF plus TGF-beta and was blocked by cycloheximide but not by actinomycin D. Recovery of cyclooxygenase activity was prevented by preincubation with dexamethasone (0.1 to 2 microM), which also suppressed basal enzyme activity by up to 70%. A full length 2.8 Kb cDNA hybridization probe for human cyclooxygenase identified a cyclooxygenase messenger RNA of approximately 2.8 Kb in these cells. Cyclooxygenase mRNA levels were enhanced by EGF/TGF-beta, but suppressed completely by corticosteroids. It is concluded that inhibition of prostanoid synthesis by corticosteroids is mediated by suppressing cyclooxygenase messenger RNA. These observations provide a new molecular mechanism for the anti-inflammatory activity of the corticosteroids.     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds: With reference to some Pacific and Caribbean Species, 2 edited by Isabella A. Abbott. La Jolla
Botanic Gardens and the World Conservation Strategy edited by D. Bramwell, O. Hamann, V. Heywood & H. Synge
Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry 3rd ed., by J. B. Harborne
A monographic study of the genus Rosularia (Crassulaceae) by Urs Eggli
The Photographic Guide to Identify Mediterranean Wild Flowers by Roger Phillips assisted by Martin Rix and Nicky Fox
The Photographic Guide to Identify Mediterranean Wild Flowers by Roger Phillips assisted by Martin Rix and Nicky Fox
Conserving the Wild Relatives of Crops by Erich Hoyt.
Somatic Cell Genetics of Woody Plants edited by M. R. Ahuja
Indian Journal of Natural Rubber Research
Dictionary of Weeds of Eastern Europe by G. Williams and K. Hunyadi
Nutrition of the Angiosperm Embryo by David R. Murray.
Plant Pigments edited by T. W. Goodwin.
Panbiogeography edited by R. Craw & G. Sermonti
Saxifrages of Europe: with notes on African, American and some Asiatic species by D. A. Webb & R. J. Gornall     

Reviews of publications

Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds with Reference to some Pacific and Western Atlantic Species, Volume 3, edited by Isabella A. Abbott
Conservation of Medicinal Plants edited by Olayiwola Akerele, Vernon Heywood & Hugh Synge
Introduction to Floriculture, 2nd Ed., edited by R. A. Larson
Plant Membranes: A Biophysical Approach to Structure, Development and Senescence by Ya'acov Y. Leshem
The Ecology o/Fynbos, edited by R. Cowling
A Dictionary of Plant Pathology, by P. Holliday
7th International Exhibition of Botanical Art and Illustration 13 April to 31 July 1992. Catalogue by James J. White & Autumn M. Farole
Plant Growth: interactions with nutrition and environment, edited by J. R. Porter & D. W. Lawlor
Response of Plants to Multiple Stresses, edited by H. A. Mooney, W. E. Winner & E. J. Pell
Pollen and Spores: Patterns of Diversification, edited by S. Blackmore and S. H. Barnes
International Checklist for Hyacinths and Miscellaneous Bulbs, edited by J. van Scheepen
Atlas Florae Europaeae, 9 (Paeoniaceae to Capparaceae), edited by Jaakko Jalas & Juha Suominen
Nitrogen fixation, edited by M. Polsinelli, R. Materassi & M. Vincenzini
Crucifers of Great Britain and Ireland, by T.C.G. Rich
Micropropagation: Technology and Application, edited by P. C. Debergh & R. H. Zimmerman
Phytochemical Induction by Herbivores, edited by D. W. Tallamy & M. J. Raupp
Pattern Formation in Plant Tissues, by T. Sachs
Introduction to the Principles of Plant Taxonomy, 2nd ed, by V. V. Sivarajan (edited by N. K. B. Robson)
Signal Perception and Transduction in Higher Plants, edited by R. Ranjeva & A. M. Boudet
Plant Growth Substances 1988, edited by R. P. Pharis & S. B. Rood
Gibberellins, edited by N. Takahashi, B.O. Phinney & J. MacMillan     

Measurement of Glucose Utilization by Pseudomonas fluorescens That Are Free-Living and That Are Attached to Surfaces

The assimilation and respiration of glucose by attached and free-living Pseudomonas fluorescens were compared. The attachment surfaces were polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, and glass. Specific uptake of [¹⁴C]glucose was determined after bacterial biomass was measured by (i) microscopic counts or (ii) prelabeling of cells by providing [³H]leucine as substrate, followed by dual-labeling scintillation counting. The glucose concentration was 1.4, 3.5, 5.5, 7.6, or 9.7 μM. Glucose assimilation by cells which became detached from the surfaces during incubation with glucose was also measured after the detached cells were collected by filtration. The composition of the substratum had no effect on the amount of glucose assimilated by attached cells. Glucose assimilation by attached cells exceeded that by free-living cells by a factor of between 2 and 5 or more, and respiration of glucose by surface-associated cells was greater than that by free-living bacteria. Glucose assimilation by detached cells was greater than that by attached bacteria. Measurements of biomass by microscopic counts gave more consistent results that those obtained with dual-labeling, but in general, results obtained by both methods were corroborative.     

Comparative sensitivities of diagnostic procedures used to detect bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fishes

Kidney and spleen homogenates from each of 60 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) were examined for detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum. The proportions of positives differed widely with the detection procedures used: in coho salmon, 5% were positive by the Gram-stain procedure, 10% by the direct fluorescent antibody test, 48% by bacteriological isolation, 65% by staphylococcal coagglutination, and 73% by counterimmunoelectrophoresis; in steelhead trout, 3% were positive by Gram-stain, 8.3% by fluorescent antibody, 17% by bacteriological isolation, and 67% by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Renibacterium salmoninarum was not detected in either coho salmon or steelhead trout by immunodiffusion analysis.     

Different types of ADP-ribose protein bonds formed by botulinum C2 toxin, botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 and pertussis toxin

We attempted to characterize ADP-ribose-amino acid bonds formed by various bacterial toxins. The ADP-ribose-arginine bond formed by botulinum C2 toxin in actin was cleaved with a half-life of about 2 h by treatment with hydroxylamine (0.5 M). In contrast, the ADP-ribose-cysteine bond formed by pertussis toxin in transducin and the ADP-ribose-amino acid linkage formed by botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 in platelet cytosolic proteins were not affected by hydroxylamine. HgCl2 cleaved the ADP-ribose-amino acid bond formed by pertussis toxin in transducin but not those formed by botulinum C2 toxin or botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 in actin and platelet cytosolic proteins, respectively. NaOH (0.5 M) cleaved the ADP-ribose-amino acid bonds formed by botulinum C2 toxin and pertussis toxin but not the one formed by botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3. The data indicate that the ADP-ribose bond formed by botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 differs from those formed by the known bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxins.     

Role of lipoxygenase in the O2-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase from rat lung.

Guanylate cyclase activity in rat lung supernatant fractions is stimulated 3-4 fold by aerobic incubation at 30 degrees C for approx. 30 min ('O2-dependent activation'). This stimulation was blocked by 20 microM-eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid (ETYA), an inhibitor of lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase, but not by aspirin or indomethacin, which are cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors. The enzyme activator(s) is presumed to be the fatty acid hydroperoxide(s) formed by lipoxygenase. Removal of lipoxygenase from the supernatant fraction by chromatography on Amberlite XAD-4 also prevented activation, which was restored by the addition of soya-bean lipoxygenase. Bovine serum albumin prevented O2-dependent activation or activation by soya-bean lipoxygenase, through its ability to bind the unsaturated fatty acid substrate of lipoxygenase. The lipoxygenase in the supernatant fraction is inhibited by endogenous glutathione peroxidase plus reduced glutathione (GSH); removal of GSH de-inhibits lipoxygenase and activates guanylate cyclase. This was effected by autoxidation, by cumene hydroperoxide (with GSH peroxidase) and by titration with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Activation by NEM was inhibited by serum albumin or ETYA, as was activation by low concentrations (less than 50 microM) of cumene hydroperoxide. Activation by higher concentrations was not so inhibited; therefore, cumene hydroperoxide can also activate by a direct effect on guanylate cyclase. A hypothesis for physiological activation is proposed.     

Interactions of acetate, propionate and butyrate in sheep liver mitochondria

1. Interactions in the rates of consumption of acetate, propionate and butyrate in sheep liver mitochondria were examined in the presence and absence of l-malate and alpha-oxoglutarate. 2. Acetate was not consumed in absence of ancillary substrate but utilization of acetate (7.2nmol/min per mg of protein) occurred in the presence of alpha-oxoglutarate. This consumption was abolished by propionate or butyrate but the presence of acetate did not affect consumption of propionate or butyrate. 3. Propionate consumption (10.1nmol/min per mg of protein) was unaffected by malate but was stimulated by 63% by butyrate or by 180% by alpha-oxoglutarate. 4. Butyrate consumption (3.3nmol/min per mg of protein) was stimulated by 117% by malate, by 151% by propionate and by 310% by alpha-oxoglutarate. 5. In the absence of ancillary substrates the maximum rate of total volatile fatty acid utilization (24.7nmol/min per mg of protein) occurred with a mixture of propionate and butyrate. When both propionate and butyrate were present total consumption was not affected by malate but was stimulated by 24% by alpha-oxoglutarate. With alpha-oxoglutarate present, propionate and butyrate each decreased the other's consumption by about 26%, but the total utilization was the greatest observed. 6. The inhibition of acetate consumption by propionate or butyrate is unexplained, but the remaining effects are consistent with an interaction of propionate and butyrate through oxaloacetate together with a general limitation imposed by a need for GTP to rephosphorylate AMP formed during activation of the volatile fatty acids.