PCR快速筛选重组克隆方法的建立

目的：建立一种PCR技术快速筛选重组克隆的方法。方法：用Triton裂解菌落作为模板,以pMD-18T载体多克隆位点设计的引物与目的基因猪β-INF引物设计不同组合,PCR扩增待检重组克隆。结果：PCR技术快速筛选出猪β-INF重组克隆并鉴定了插入方向。结论：在采用PCR方法直接使用细菌菌落参与反应可以快速筛选重组克隆。     

水稻叶绿体16S启动子克隆改造、载体构建及转化研究

利用PCR方法从水稻叶绿体基因组DNA中分离16S启动子,并在其下游加入rbcL基因SD序列,以增强该启动子的翻译能力;序列分析表明,除加入的SD序列外,扩增片段与水稻(Oryza sativa)叶绿体基因组DNA序列16S启动子相应区域同源性为100％。将16S启动子与bar基因和gfp基因的融合基因连接,以psbA基因的3′序列为终止子,并以烟草叶绿体trnH—psbA和trnK为同源片段构建了烟草叶绿体表达载体pRl6S。用基因枪转化烟草,转化植株经Southern、Northern检测及后代遗传学分析,发现：16S启动子具有启动活性,融合基因已在烟草叶绿体中稳定整合并遵循母系遗传规律。     

YAC克隆的筛选及鉴定分析技术

人工酵母染色体（ＹＡＣ）技术是人类基因组分极及疾病相关基因的分离、克隆中的关键技术。在基因组ＹＡＣ文库基础上特定目的基因的分离克隆涉及ＹＡＣ克隆的筛选,嵌合体、缺失体和共转染克隆的检测与处理,插入片段的分离及及其结构特征的分析,亚克隆的快速构建等等。近年来,有关技术取得了重要进展,已趋于成熟,并正得到了广泛应用。     

微波快速免疫荧光组化染色方法的研究

本文应用微波辐射方法加速免疫荧光组化染色(间接和直接法),分别定位15种不同组织抗原,并应用连续切片同时用两种不同的孵育方法即微波辐射和常规孵育方法进行比较。结果证明,经微波辐射后免疫荧光组化染色时间大大缩短,背景染色明显好于常规法,阳性率和阳性强度与常规法基本一致。     

PCR简便快速筛选阳性克隆

目前常用的筛选阳性重组子的方法主要有快提质粒酶切法及杂交筛选法[1] ,但这两种方法均存在不足之处。比如快提质粒法需要提取质粒 ,在筛选大量样品时操作比较繁琐 ;而杂交法存在操作周期长并要使用同位素等不足。由于ＰＣＲ技术具有操作简便且灵敏度极高的特点[2 ] ,近年出现了一些利用ＰＣＲ技术筛选阳性克隆的方法[3] ,但这些方法在制备ＰＣＲ扩增模板时仍然需要提取被筛选样品菌的质粒。我们用溶菌酶处理被筛选样品菌细菌悬液 ,并对悬液加热 ,以使质粒分散于菌细胞之外。然后直接以该悬液为模板 ,使用ＰＣＲ对重组质粒上的特定序列进行…     

水蛭肽基因的克隆及其转化甘蓝

将合成的水蛭肽基因转入甘蓝,构建了水蛭肽的植物表达载体pBOK-L,使用甘蓝的下胚轴和根癌农杆菌的共培养实现转化,再生植株经卡那霉素筛选,检测结果表明所得到的抗性植株均为转基因植株,获得了转水蛭 肽基因的甘蓝植株。     

PCR筛选阳性克隆方法的改进

ＰＣＲ筛选阳性克隆具有简便、快速的优点,但常发生假阳性错误。用与载体匹配的引物和目的的基因引物组合进行ＰＣＲ,可以消除假阳性,同时可以判断插入目的基因的方向。     

拟南芥LFYcDNA的克隆及转化菊花的研究

以野生型拟南芥（Ａｒａｂｉｄｏｐｓｉｓｔｈａｌｉａｎａ（Ｌ．）Ｈｅｙｎｈ．）为材料,克隆并测序了Ｌｅａｆｙ（ＬＦＹ）基因的全长ｃＤＮＡ;同时构建了ＬＦＹｃＤＮＡ以ＣａＭＶ３５Ｓ为启动子的植物表达载体,并转化菊花（Ｃｈｒｙｓａｎｔｈｅｍｕｍｍｏｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ（Ｒａｍａｔ．）Ｔｚｖｅｌ．）。该ｃＤＮＡ全长１２６３ｂｐ,共编码４２０个氨基酸残基,Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果表明,ＬＦＹｃＤＮＡ整合到菊花染色体组中。跟正常植株相比,转基因植株中有３株分别提早６５、６７、７０ｄ开花,２株分别推迟７８、９０ｄ开花。     

YAC克隆的筛选及鉴定分析技术

人工酵母染色体（ＹＡＣ）技术是人类基因组分析及疾病相关基因的分离、克隆中的关键技术。在基因组ＹＡＣ文库基础上特定目的基因的分离克隆涉及ＹＡＣ克隆的筛选,嵌合体、缺失体和共转染克隆的检测与处理,插入片段的分离及其结构特征的分析,亚克隆的快速构建等等。近年来,有关技术取得了重要进展,已趋于成熟,并正得到广泛应用 。     

Microwave improved Escherichia coli transformation

Aims: The calcium chloride chemical transformation of Escherichia coli is still the most widley used cloning method in small laboratories. Therefore, any practicable improvement in its transformation efficiency seems to be of general interest. Methods and Results: We found that giving calcium chloride competent cells a 1 min microwave pulse at the lowest power setting (180 W), instead of the classic 1–2 min 42°C heat‐shock step, increases the transformation efficiency around threefold (3.3 ± 0.5). Moreover, when both treatments were given in a 2‐min 42°C ? 5 min on ice ? 1 min microwave pluse sequence, an additional improvement of 1.6 was obtained, resulting in an overall increase in efficiency of approximately 5.3‐fold compared to classical heat shock. Conclusions: This transformation method significantly improves the classical heat shock treatment. Significance and Impact of the Study: This method might be useful to those laboratories that cannot afford an electroporation apparatus.     

An effective peptide screening system using recombinant fluorescent bacterial surface display

An effective method for peptide screening of ligand-binding proteins was applied by using recombinant E. coli which is capable of expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and which can also express random peptides displayed on flagella of the cells. This screening method used a combination of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and flagella display on the basis of a commercial FliTrx random peptide library for isolating the peptide-displaying clones which are able to bind Alexa 546 fluorescence-labeled cytochrome c. Flow cytometry simultaneously detected the two different fluorescence intensities, from GFP in the library and Alexa546-labeled to cytochrome c, enabling the specific clones bound to cytochrome c to be obtained from the first or second round of cell sorting. Compared with original FliTrx peptide screening system that requires repeating biopanning five times, our results suggested that detecting two different fluorescence intensities by flow cytometry is feasible for effective peptide screening.     

Yeast-based recombineering of DNA fragments into plant transformation vectors by one-step transformation

T-DNA binary vectors are often used in plant transformation experiments. Because they are usually very large and have few restriction sites suitable for DNA ligation reactions, cloning DNA fragments into these vectors is difficult. We provide herein an alternative to cloning DNA fragments into very large vectors. Our yeast-based recombineering method enables DNA fragments to be cloned into certain types of T-DNA binary vectors by one-step transformation without the requirement of specific recombination sites or precisely positioned restriction ends, thus making the cloning process more flexible. Moreover, this method is inexpensive and is applicable to multifragment cloning.     

Comparison of bacterial growth to high-intensity microwave exposure and conventional heating

Escherichia coli pol A⁺ and pol A^? strains were exposed to 8.8-GHz microwaves pulsed at 1,000 Hz (1-μs pulse width) and an SAR of 40 W/kg, which increased the temperature of the cell culture by 7 °C. Two-way analysis of variance showed no significant difference between the growth rates of microwave irradiated and thermally exposed cells.     

康乐霉素C产生菌的微波诱变

以物理因子微波对免疫抑制剂康乐霉不C的产生菌进行了菌种诱变,研究了微波处理的条件、照射的时间及剂量,获得康乐霉素C生产能力高于出发菌株180%的M-13-21。     

Plasmid transfer to indigenous marine bacterial populations by natural transformation

Abstract Horizontal gene transfer among microbial populations has been assumed to occur in the environment, yet direct observations of this phenomenon are rare or limited to observations where the mechanism(s) could not be explicitly determined. Here we demonstrate the transfer of exogenous plasmid DNA to members of indigenous marine bacterial populations by natural transformation, the first report of this process for any natural microbial community. Ten percent of marine bacterial isolates examined were transformed by plasmid DNA while 14% were transformed by chromosomal DNA. Transformation of mixed marine microbial assemblages was observed in 5 of 14 experiments. In every case, acquisition of the plasmid by members of the indigenous flora was accompanied by modification (probably from genetic rearrangement or methylation) that altered its restriction enzyme digestion pattern. Estimation of transformation rates in estuarine environments based upon the distribution of competency and transformation frequencies in isolates and mixed populations ranged from 5 × 10⁻⁴ to 1.5 transformants/1 day. Extrapolation of these rates to ecosystem scales suggests that natural transformation may be an important mechanism for plasmid transfer among marine bacterial communities.     

南昌链霉菌的微波诱变

以微波对南昌链霉菌进行了微波育种,获得梅岭霉素杀虫剂生产能力高于出发菌株73％的W4-311。该菌株经多次传代,遗传性状保持稳定。     

Discovery of novel bacterial elongation condensing enzyme inhibitors by virtual screening

The elongation condensing enzymes in the bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis pathway represent desirable targets for the design of novel, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. A series of substituted benzoxazolinones was identified in this study as a novel class of elongation condensing enzyme (FabB and FabF) inhibitors using a two-step virtual screening approach. Structure activity relationships were developed around the benzoxazolinone scaffold showing that N-substituted benzoxazolinones were most active. The benzoxazolinone scaffold has high chemical tractability making this chemotype suitable for further development of bacterial fatty acid synthesis inhibitors.     

冷冻复苏法高效转化大肠杆菌

对传统的CaCl2方法进行的质粒转化做出改进,用冷冻复苏法使得CaCl2转化方法更加高效,整个过程仅需2min左右,同时分析了质粒快速转化的必需条件。