保鲜剂对香石竹切花的保鲜效应

研究了保鲜剂(4％蔗糖 200 mg／L8-HQ 50 mg／L6-BA及4％蔗糖 0．1％明矾 0．02％尿素 0．02％NaCl)对香石竹切花的保鲜效应。结果表明,保鲜剂4％蔗糖 200 mg／L8-HQ 50 mg／L6-BA能明显地缓解切花水分胁迫,改善体内水分平衡,延缓切花衰老,延长切花的寿命。     

保鲜剂及冷藏对鹤望兰切花瓶插品质的影响

本文探讨不同保鲜剂、预处理液及冷藏时间对鹤望兰切花瓶插寿命和观赏品质的影响。结果表明,供试的8组瓶插保鲜液中,以配方5% S+300 mg/L 8-HQC+100 mg/L CA+150 mg/L STS+100 mg/L CoCl₂+25 mg/L EDTA-Na保鲜效果最佳,切花瓶插寿命(23.5 d)比CK延长15.2 d,小花开放率(56.1%)比CK提高1.19倍。供试的5组冷藏预处理液中,以10% S+300 mg/L 8-HQC+75 mg/L KH₂PO₄·3H₂O效果最佳,切花经过2~3周8~10℃冷藏后,瓶插寿命(13.7 d)比CK延长7.9 d,小花开放率(43.6%)比CK提高98.2%;该处理组鹤望兰切花的适宜冷藏时间可延长为3周。     

亚精胺对瓶插唐菖蒲切花的生理效应

以亚精胺代替常用保鲜剂中的AgNO。处理瓶插唐宫蒲（G＊无心a仲讪。洲）品种大桔红的切花。保鲜剂组成有两种,一种为IcX10‘mol／L亚精胶十SOOmg／L柠檬酸十2％蔗糖十250mg／L8一羟基喷淋;另一种为常用保鲜剂,由50mg／LAgNO。＋500mg／L柠檬酸十2％蔗糖十250mg／L8一羟基喷淋。以清水为对照。每瓶处理18枝花,分装6个盛有500ml保鲜剂的棕色广口瓶中。花枝上包上薄布后,置80”C热水中浸l～2min,至枝条中气体赶出为止,快速移入保鲜液中,置于无阳光直射,21～26C和RH为80％士15％处。还原糖测定用斐林试剂比色法。测定PH时．…     

玫瑰切花保鲜剂配方研究

以蔗糖(S)、8-羟基喹啉(8-HQ)、柠檬酸(CA)为保鲜液的基本配方,分别加入CaCl2 、NaCl、Al2(SO4)3、CaCl2+KAl(SO4)2 组成四种保鲜液,进行玫瑰切花保鲜实验。对切花瓶插寿命、花径、水分平衡值、可溶性蛋白含量和还原糖含量进行分析。结果表明,各种配方保鲜液均能延长玫瑰切花的瓶插寿命、增大花径、改善切花水分代谢状况、降低切花蛋白质和还原糖的分解速度。其中,保鲜液2% S + 280 mg/L CA + 200 mg/L 8-HQ + 1% CaCl2的保鲜效果最好。     

1-MCP-β-环糊精对香石竹切花保鲜作用的研究

对香石竹切花（Dianthus caryophyllus L．）用不同体积浓度的1-MCP-β-环糊精溶液处理不同的时间,观察其外观形态品质和生理生化指标,得知以50mg／L的1-MCP-β-环糊精溶液在7m^3的密闭体系中处理8h效果最佳。能极大提高香石竹切花的观赏价值,减少萎蔫程度,延缓开放,延迟香石竹切花叶片质膜相对透性下降,并对叶片叶绿素含量变化有一定的影响。     

不同保鲜剂对非洲菊切花的保鲜效应

探讨不同保鲜剂对非洲菊切花的瓶插寿命、观赏品质以及生理生化指标的影响。结果表明,在供试7组保鲜剂中,以处理7(T₇):20g/L Suc+200mg/L 8-HQC+150mg/L CA+75 mg/L KH₂PO₄·3H₂O+1g/L CaCl₂的保鲜效果最佳,可显著延长非洲菊切花瓶插寿命;T₇处理有利于减缓花瓣组织pH上升、花青素含量下降及花瓣细胞膜相对透性的上升,从而延长瓶插寿命。     

长安麦饭石在月季切花上的保鲜效果

在40g/L蔗糖＋50mg/L SA 100mg/L Vc的保鲜液中,加入37μS/cm的长安麦饭石（CHMS）,能更好的保持月季切花较高的吸水能力,增强切花花朵膜损伤修复能力,增大花朵开放直径,增加盛开前花枝的鲜重,提高切花瓶插期的观赏品质,延长瓶插寿命。本试验也证明了水杨酸（SA）与8－羟基喹啉（8－HQ）对月季切花有相似的保鲜效果。     

刺萼参的组织培养

以刺萼参茎节段为基础材料进行组培试验,结果表明：以MS 6-BA0．2～1．0mg／L NAA0.05mg／L为芽增殖培养基、MS 6-BA0．2～1．0mg／L NAA0．05mg／L 多效唑3～5mg／L为壮苗培养基、1／2MS IBA0．5mg／L为生根培养基,可以得到大量的刺萼参试管苗。     

6种抗真菌药物对皮肤癣菌体外抗真菌活性评价

目的评价6种抗真菌药物对皮肤癣菌体外抗真菌活性。方法采用CLSI推荐的M-38P方案对分离自足癣和体、股癣的皮肤癣菌进行联苯苄唑、硝酸舍他康唑、硝酸异康唑、盐酸布替萘芬、阿莫洛芬、利拉萘酯6种抗真菌药物敏感性测定。结果联苯苄唑MIC范围为0．03—4mg／L,MIC50为1mg／L,MIC90为2mg／L。硝酸舍他康唑分别为0．06—16mg／L、0．5mg／L和2mg／L。硝酸异康唑分别为0．03～2mg／L、0．25mg／L和0．5mg／L。盐酸布替萘芬分别为0．0025～0．04mg／L、0．01mg／L和0．02mg／L。阿莫罗芬分别为0．01～〉0．08mg／L、0．02mg／L和0．04mg／L。利拉萘酯分别为0．004—0．625mg／L、0．039mg／L和0．312mg／L。结论6种抗真菌药物对皮肤癣菌均有强的抗菌活性,由强到弱依次为布替萘芬、阿莫罗芬、利拉萘酯和咪唑类药物。     

不同预冷方式及保鲜液配比对荷兰鸢尾切花采后保鲜的影响

对荷兰鸢尾‘罗萨里奥’(Iris xiphium L．var．hybridum cv．Rosarlo)切花的预冷处理方式以及保鲜液中蔗糖和6-BA适宜浓度进行了筛选。结果表明：选用直接预冷的花材,在以0．3g／L8-HQC(8-羟基喹啉柠檬酸盐) 0．05g／L CCC(矮壮素)为基本液并添加50g／L蔗糖和10mg／L 6-BA的瓶插液中,单朵花瓶插寿命达10d,分别比在对照、基本液以及基本液 50g／L蔗糖的瓶插液中的延长了5．5、5．0和2．0d;同时在延缓花瓣褪色、阻止叶片黄化方面也有很好的效果。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.