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1.
5只性成熟成年雄性比格犬被施行附睾尾逆向注射10%精氨酸锌0.5毫升。一般饲料饲养两月后处死作病理检查,发现精子在睾丸曲细精管内的生成及在附睾管内的成熟均受到影响,附睾尾管腔内精子降到了极少程度且多已变性。免疫组织化学反应发现睾丸间质及附睾管上皮间隙内,附睾间质中均有大量免疫复合物的沉积,而其它主要生命器官均未发现异常。结果表明,精氨酸锌附睾尾注射的绝育作用是肯定的,其伴随出现的抗精子抗体及免疫复合物仅对睾丸、附睾及生育功能产生影响,对机体主要生命器官并无损害。  相似文献   

2.
黄毛鼠(Rattus rattides)在群居(4只/笼)时体重及性器官,如睾丸和附睾的增长都受到了极大的抑制;血清中睾酮含量的迅速上升以及成熟精子在附睾的曲细精管中出现的时间也比单独关养的晚。成年雄鼠的笼填充物的气味能够诱导幼年雄鼠体重,睾丸的总量和长度以及血清中睾酮的含量的增加。  相似文献   

3.
为探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在雄性生殖系精子发生发育和成熟过程中的调控作用,应用免疫组化、Periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)染色及蛋白质免疫印迹技术,检测VEGF蛋白在成年大鼠睾丸和附睾的表达和定位情况。Western-blots显示,在大鼠睾丸和附睾内均有VEGF蛋白(约45kD)的表达;免疫组化显示,睾丸内VEGF见于圆形和长形精子细胞、Sertoli细胞和Leydig细胞,免疫阳性产物位于细胞质内。精子细胞的VEGF表达伴随精子细胞项体发育的全过程,精子残余体呈强阳性。附睾内VEGF表达于附睾管上皮,且有区域和细胞特异性。附睾起始段的所有上皮主细胞内都有VEGF阳性颗粒;头、体、尾各段的VEGF阳性细胞多数与含PAS阳性颗粒的细胞重合,证明为亮细胞;近端附睾的管腔内可见精子头部呈VEGF阳性染色。睾丸、附睾间质血管内皮为VEGF阴性。上述结果表明,VEGF蛋白可由生殖细胞和附睾管上皮细胞直接产生,它可能以自分泌和/或旁分泌的形式共同作用于睾丸和附睾的生殖细胞和血管内皮,直接或间接影响精子的发生、发育和成熟过程,特别是精子顶体的形成过程,并可能与精子在附睾内的成熟有关。  相似文献   

4.
为探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在雄性生殖系精子发生发育和成熟过程中的调控作用,应用免疫组化、Periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)染色及蛋白质免疫印迹技术,检测VEGF蛋白在成年大鼠睾丸和附睾的表达和定位情况。Western-blots显示,在大鼠睾丸和附睾内均有VEGF蛋白(约45kD)的表达;免疫组化显示,睾丸内VEGF见于圆形和长形精子细胞、Sertoli细胞和Leydig细胞,免疫阳性产物位于细胞质内。精子细胞的VEGF表达伴随精子细胞顶体发育的全过程,精子残余体呈强阳性。附睾内VEGF表达于附睾管上皮,且有区域和细胞特异性。附睾起始段的所有上皮主细胞内都有VEGF阳性颗粒;头、体、尾各段的VEGF阳性细胞多数与含PAS阳性颗粒的细胞重合,证明为亮细胞;近端附睾的管腔内可见精子头部呈VEGF阳性染色。睾丸、附睾间质血管内皮为VEGF阴性。上述结果表明,VEGF蛋白可由生殖细胞和附睾管上皮细胞直接产生,它可能以自分泌和/或旁分泌的形式共同作用于睾丸和附睾的生殖细胞和血管内皮,直接或间接影响精子的发生、发育和成熟过程,特别是精子顶体的形成过程,并可能与精子在附睾内的成熟有关。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨薄荷油对雄性小鼠的抗生育作用。方法将60只健康的雄性性成熟昆明小鼠随机分成3个试验组和1个对照组,各试验组小鼠灌胃0.135 g/(kg·d),0.27 g/(kg·d)和0.54 g/(kg·d)的薄荷油0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethylcellulose,CMC)混悬液,对照组灌胃0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠溶液,灌胃1周后按雌雄比2∶1合笼,继续对雄鼠灌胃至19 d,采集雄性小鼠的血液并测定血液生化指标,剖检灌胃雌雄小鼠,统计雌性小鼠的怀孕率,测定雄性小鼠睾丸与附睾的脏器系数及附睾精子活力,并固定睾丸和附睾,研究其组织学变化。结果与对照组相比较,雄性小鼠灌胃薄荷油后,导致雌性小鼠的怀孕率降低,睾丸脏器系数和附睾精子活率极显著降低(P<0.01),精子畸形率极显著升高(P<0.01)。光学显微镜下,试验组小鼠睾丸和附睾均有一定程度的损伤,睾丸间质减少,睾丸各级生精细胞排列疏松,曲细精管内有多核巨噬细胞浸润。附睾具正常的管腔结构,但能明显观察到管腔内精子减少。结论薄荷油对雄性小鼠具有抗生育作用,且主要通过影响精子的生成及破坏生精组织而达到,具有实际应用价值,可进一步开发成环境友好型鼠类抗生育药剂。  相似文献   

6.
目的通过度他雄胺对大鼠附睾精子和生育的影响,探索调节雄性生育的睾丸后作用靶点。方法使用度他雄胺20和40 mg/(kg.d)大鼠灌胃给药,连续2周。给药结束后雄雌鼠按1∶2合笼,计算生殖指数;采用计算机辅助精子分析系统分析精子活力和形态;采用SYBR-14和PI双重荧光染色计算精子存活率;采用Elisa法测定大鼠睾酮(T)和双氢睾酮(DHT)血清浓度;采用HE染色法对各组睾丸、附睾进行组织学分析。结果度他雄胺低、高剂量组双氢睾酮浓度均显著下降,分别为0.54和0.28 nmol/L(P<0.01),精子活力明显降低,分别为39.0%和28.7%(P<0.01),畸形率分别增加为10.3%和15.6%(P<0.05),最后受孕率分别降为62.5%和38.4%。而睾酮水平和交配指数均无明显变化(P>0.05),睾丸和附睾亦无明显病理学改变。结论度他雄胺通过抑制DHT生成,影响附睾精子成熟而导致大鼠不育,为今后男性避孕和不育药物研发提供了新思路。  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨合欢皮总皂苷对雄性小鼠的抗生育作用。方法将60只健康的雄性性成熟昆明小鼠随机分成3个试验组和1个对照组,各试验组小鼠灌胃540 mg·(kg·d)-1,270 mg·(kg·d)-1和135 mg·(kg·d)-1的合欢皮总皂苷水溶液,对照组自由饮水,灌胃1周后按雌雄比2∶1合笼,继续对雄鼠灌胃至19 d,采集雄性小鼠的血液并测定血液生化指标,剖检灌胃雌性小鼠,统计雌性小鼠的怀孕率,测定雄性小鼠睾丸与附睾的脏器系数及附睾精子活力,并固定睾丸和附睾,研究其组织学变化。结果与对照组相比较,雄性小鼠灌胃合欢皮总皂苷后,导致雌性小鼠的怀孕率降低,睾丸脏器系数和附睾精子活率极显著降低(P<0.01),精子畸形率极显著升高(P<0.01)。光学显微镜下,试验组小鼠睾丸和附睾均有一定程度的损失,睾丸生精细胞排列疏松,间质减少,可见曲细精管内有多核巨噬细胞浸润,各级生精细胞脱落。附睾具正常的管腔结构,但能明显观察到管腔内精子几乎消失。结论合欢皮总皂苷对雄性小鼠具有抗生育作用,主要通过影响精子的生成及破坏生精组织而达到。  相似文献   

8.
为了检测左炔诺孕酮-炔雌醚(EP-1)对雄性中华姬鼠和黑线姬鼠的不育效果,将32只雄性中华姬鼠和30只雄性黑线姬鼠分为30 mg/kg单剂量组、30 mg/kg多剂量组和对照组,15 d和45 d后剖检,比较睾丸、附睾、储精囊、精子密度、睾酮含量及睾丸组织形态的变化。结果发现:给药后第15 d,两种试鼠的睾丸、附睾、储精囊的重量较对照组明显降低;精子密度、睾酮含量显著下降;曲细精管结构破坏明显。给药后第45 d,处理组各生理指标继续下降,但与第15 d相比差别不显著;单剂量组和多剂量组在两个时间点的差别并不显著。结果表明,EP-1对雄性中华姬鼠和黑线姬鼠的繁殖器官有显著抑制效果,单次给药与多次给药的不育效果差别不大。  相似文献   

9.
c-erbB2与小鼠体外受精及作用机理研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
目的和方法:用免疫组织化学的方法观察ErbB2在小鼠睾丸、附睾、卵巢、输卵管、卵母细胞-卵丘细胞复合物及精子细胞上的分布。用不同浓度反义c-erbB2寡脱氧核苷酸(c-erbB2 ASODNs)与精子和卵母细胞-卵丘细胞复合物共孵育,观察其对小鼠体外受精率的影响,并进一步探讨其机制。结果:在附睾的小管上皮细胞的管腔面,卵丘细胞和精子的细胞膜上有ErbB2蛋白分布。c-erbB2 ASODNs呈剂量依赖方式抑制小鼠体外受精率。小鼠体外受精率在空白对照组、低、中、高浓度c-erbB2 ASODNs组、无义tat ODNs组分别为38.3%、19.6%、10.7%、5.0%、33.8%,同时伴有精子细胞上ErbB2免疫组化染色明显下降,中、高c-erbB2 ASODNs浓度组卵丘细胞贴壁生长受抑制。GABA和db cAMP均能增加精子小鼠体外受精率,两者均部分逆转c-erbB2 ASODNs对受精的抑制作用,但对精子细胞上ErbB2免疫组化染色均无明显影响,而Verapamil能抑制小鼠体外受精率,并协同c-erbB2 ASODNs的抑制作用,且使精子细胞膜上ErbB2免疫组化染色明显下降。结论:c-erbB2 ASODNs与受精密切相关,阻断Ca^2 内流后能通过抑制精子的c-erbB2表达,从而抑制小鼠体外受精,而GABA、dbcAMP可能不是通过c-erbB2来影响受精过程。  相似文献   

10.
本文报导国人睾丸、附睾和输精管的NSE,AChE,ChE,ALP,ACP,5'-Nase,G-6-Pase,β-GA,β-GR,AP-M,ATPase和TPPase水解酶的组织化学活性、结果显示:睾丸曲细精管的ALP,5'-Nase和ATPase;睾丸间质细胞的NSE,ALP,ATPase和ACP;睾丸间质中的NSE,ALP和AT-Pasc;睾丸输出小管和附睾管上皮的NSE,ALP,ACP,5’-Nase,β-GA,β-GR,ATPase和Tppase;附睾头部间质中的NSE,AChE,ALP,和ATPase;输精管上皮细胞的ATPase的酶活性均呈强阳性或极强阳性。说明人类睾丸、附睾和输精管含有丰富的水解酶,尤其是附睾头部的输出小管、附睾管和头质均含有种类多活性高的水解酶,在精子的功能成熟上起了重要的作用,提示其可能作为生育与不育诊治中的重要指标。  相似文献   

11.
利用光镜技术,对粗糙沼虾精巢发育进行了研究,根据精子发生过程中每种生殖细胞所占的比例和发生的次序,并结合精巢的形态特征,把精巢发育过程分为五个时期,即精原细胞期,精母细胞期,精细胞期,成熟精子期及退化期,精原细胞期,精巢小,透明乳白色,生精小管内的生殖细胞以精原细胞为主;精母细胞期;精巢体积增大,半透明乳白色,主要由处于初级精母细胞的次级精母细胞阶段的生殖细胞组成;精细胞期,精巢体积继续增大,颜色加深,生精小管内的生殖细胞以精细胞为主;成熟精子期,精巢体积可达最大,紫红色,生精小管内充满着成熟的精子,退化期;精巢体积减小,半透明乳白色,生精小管内的成熟精子几乎排空。  相似文献   

12.
采用组织学和形态学方法研究了中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)的雄性生殖系统。以睾丸和附睾中是否存在精母细胞及精子细胞等作为判断雄性中华白海豚性成熟的标准,通过比较不同个体睾丸和附睾的组织结构特征,发现成熟个体的生精小管和附睾的组织学结构与未成熟个体间存在显著差异。通过测量样本睾丸的2个形态参数:生精小管直径和生精小管的相对面积,得到性成熟个体的生精小管直径为(118.3±12.8)μm,生精小管相对面积为0.52;未成熟个体的生精小管直径(47.4±3.5)~(60.3±6.0)μm,生精小管相对面积为0.27~0.40。  相似文献   

13.
The aims of this study were to investigate the adverse effects of sodium arsenite on the reproductive system of male rats as well as to examine whether vitamin E is able to ameliorate these effects. Adult rats were divided into four groups: 1/ control, 2/ sodium arsenite (8 mg/kg/day), 3/ vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day), and 4/ sodium arsenite +vitamin E group. Treatments were administered orally by gavage for eight weeks. After treatment, body and left testis weights were recorded and the testis was used for the histological analysis. Left cauda epididymis was used to count sperm number. Body and testis weight did not differ among the groups (p>0.05). A significant decrease (p<0.001) in sperm number and mean diameter of seminiferous tubules as well as a significant increase (p<0.001) in the mean diameter of seminiferous tubules' lumen were found in sodium arsenite group compared to those of controls. Sodium arsenite did not affect the morphology and diameter of spermatogonial nucleus (p>0.05). In the sodium arsenite + vitamin E group, vitamin E ameliorated (p<0.001) the adverse effects of sodium arsenite on sperm number as well as the diameters of tubule and lumen. In addition, the treatment of rats with vitamin E alone significantly (p<0.001) increased the diameter of seminiferous tubules and significantly (p<0.001) decreased seminiferous tubules' lumen compared to the control group. Vitamin E appeared to ameliorate the adverse effects of sodium arsenite on epididymal sperm number and some morphometrical parameters of the adult rat testis.  相似文献   

14.
The male reproductive glands of the red-bellied tree squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus, in the infantile, and prepubertal males, as well as sexually functional, degenerating and redeveloping adults were studied histologically. In the infant, testes are characterized with solid seminiferous tubules filled with primordial germ cells and Sertoli cells. Interstitial cells are sparse. The prostate is composed of condensed cell cords grouped into lobules dispersed with interlobular tissues rich in fibroblasts. In the epididymis the highly convoluted tubule is lined with a simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium and thin smooth musculature without. In the prepubertal male, germ cells are engaged actively in mitosis. Primary spermatocytes are readily recognized. Leydig cells appear in groups in the interstitial tissue. In the prostate, cell cords become highly branched and collecting tubules make their appearance. The tubules in the epididymis are enlarged in diameter but their peripheral musculature becomes thinner. In functional males, meiosis is active and bundles of spermatozoa are scattered along the central lumen. Leydig cells have their cytoplasm highly enriched. The prostate is in the secretory phase. The tubule in the epididymis is filled with sperm. In the degenerating adult, meiosis is interrupted and necrotic germ cells are detached from germinal epithelium. In the prostate, secretory and collecting ducts are eventually reduced to condensed lobules separated by interlobular fibrous tissue. The tubule in the epididymis often fills with necrotic germ cells but no sperm. In the redeveloping adult, the histology of the testes, prostate and epididymis is similar to that of the prepubertal male. However, there is more fibrous tissue in the interlobular septa in the prostate gland and thick musculature at the periphery of the tubule in the epididymis.  相似文献   

15.
We investigated the effects of exposure in utero to a 900 megahertz (MHz) electromagnetic field (EMF) on 60-day-old rat testis and epididymis. Pregnant rats were divided into control (CG; no treatment) and EMF (EMFG) groups. The EMFG was exposed to 900 MHz EMF for 1 h each day during days 13 ? 21 of pregnancy. Newborn rats were either newborn CG (NCG) or newborn EMF groups (NEMFG). On postnatal day 60, a testis and epididymis were removed from each animal. Epididymal semen quality, and lipid and DNA oxidation levels, apoptotic index and histopathological damage to the testis were compared. We found a higher apoptotic index, greater DNA oxidation levels and lower sperm motility and vitality in the NEMFG compared to controls. Immature germ cells in the seminiferous tubule lumen, and altered seminiferous tubule epithelium and seminiferous tubule structure also were observed in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of NEMFG testis. Nuclear changes that indicated apoptosis were identified in TUNEL stained sections and large numbers of apoptotic cells were observed in most of the seminiferous tubule epithelium in the NEMFG. Sixty-day-old rat testes exposed to 900 MHz EMF exhibited altered sperm quality and biochemical characteristics.  相似文献   

16.
Testis histometry and daily sperm production (DSP) were evaluated in adult (160-day-old) Wistar rats exposed to constant light for the first 25 days after birth, and compared with control animals which were exposed to a 12 h-light-12 h-dark light regimen. Significantly greater (P < 0.05) numbers of Sertoli cell nucleoli and round spermatids per cross-section of seminiferous tubule were found in animals exposed to constant light. In addition, epididymis weight, DSP per testis and per gram of testis, as well as Leydig cell compartment volume, were significantly increased in treated animals. Although there was a clear trend toward an increased Sertoli cell population per testis in animals exposed to constant light, this difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). The number of round spermatids as expressed per Sertoli cell was the same in both groups. Surprisingly, the diameter and volume of round spermatid nucleus at stages I and VII of the cycle of seminiferous epithelium were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in treated animals. In conclusion, constant illumination during neonatal testis development increased sperm production and Leydig cell compartment volume in adult rats probably through a mechanism involving elevated follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone during the prepubertal period. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that altering the light regimen can affect sperm production in non-seasonal breeders.  相似文献   

17.
Oxidative stress is detrimental to sperm function and a significant factor in the etiology of male infertility. Present study evaluates the effect of ter butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced oxidative stress on the spermatogenic process and cell number in the seminiferous tubules. Intraperitoneal injection of TBHP (84 μmol TBHP/100 g body weight) for 2 weeks to male Balb/c mice resulted in enhanced lipid peroxidation (P < 0.0001) decrease in reduced glutathione (P < 0.0001) and increase in the oxidized glutathione levels (P = 0.007) in the testis. Status of spermatogenesis after the treatment was assessed by the quantitative methods of germ cell evaluation in the seminiferous tubules. A significant decrease in the number of young spermatids (P = 0.0003) and pachytene cells (P = 0.022) was observed. A marked reduction was also seen in the mature spermatid number (P < 0.0001). An increase in testicular mRNA levels of redox-regulated cjun (P = 0.008) and cfos (P = 0.0006) subunits of activator protein 1 (AP1) was observed after TBHP treatment. Evaluation of AP1 regulated antioxidant enzymes in the testis revealed an increase in γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (GCS) mRNA expression (P = 0.001). These results suggest a potential role of AP1 in oxidative stress-mediated meiotic and post meiotic changes in the spermatogenic process and regulation of cell number in male reproductive system.  相似文献   

18.
To elucidate the mechanism of proliferation and differentiation of testicular germ cells, donor testicular germ cells labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) were transplanted to recipient seminiferous tubules. The kinetics of colonization as well as of differentiation of the donor cells was followed in the same transplanted tubules (alive) under ultraviolet light. One week after transplantation, clusters of fluorescent cells were randomly spread as dots in the recipient seminiferous tubule, whereas non-homed cells flowed out from the testis to the epididymis. By 4 weeks after transplantation, green germ cells were observed with weak and moderate fluorescence along the recipient seminiferous tubule. By 8 weeks, proliferation and differentiation of the germ cells occurred, resulting in strong fluorescence in the middle part of the seminiferous tubule but in weak and moderate fluorescence at both terminals. The length of the fluorescent positive seminiferous tubule became longer. Detailed histological analyses of the recipient tubules indicated that the portions of the seminiferous tubule in weak, moderate, and strong fluorescence contained the spermatogonia, spermatogonia with spermatocytes, and all types of germ cells including spermatids, respectively. Thus, testicular stem cells colonized first as dots within 1 week, and then proliferated along the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules followed by differentiation.  相似文献   

19.
Six chimeras, including 4 phenotypic males and 2 females, were produced by aggregation of F1 (C57BL x BALB/c) and Swiss white embryos. All were fertile, except 1 male, whose deviation in testicular structure prompted this light- and electron-microscopic study. This chimera had a well-developed sperm-conducting system, sperm in the epididymis and active accessory sex glands. The testes displayed typical parenchymal and stromal components with the important exception of co-existence of gametic and agametic seminiferous tubules. These tubules were organized in territories of quasi-lobular configurations which appeared to open separately into rete testis. The former corresponded to normally developed and active seminiferous tubules, while the latter were solid testicular cords devoid of any germ cells and embedded in solid masses of interstitial (Leydig) cells. Special mitochondrial transformations were identified in sustentacular (Sertoli) cells of both types of tubules, in maturing spermatids and sperm. These and other submicroscopic sperm defects might be the cause of infertility.  相似文献   

20.
The occurrence of degenerating germ cells in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium was measured in testicular tissues from eight normal adult rats. Testes were perfusion fixed, embedded in epoxy resin and, after sectioning a total of 180 randomly selected blocks at 1 microns, stained sections were examined by light microscopy; all cross-sectioned seminiferous tubules were categorized into one of 14 stages of the spermatogenic cycle. The number of degenerating cells per tubule was recorded in 2103 tubules. Degenerating germ cells were not detected at stages II-VI, and only rarely at stage VII (n = 366 tubules) in which one primary spermatocyte and one step 19 spermatid degenerated. All other stages exhibited a greater incidence of degenerative germ cells, particularly at stage XIV where, on average, the frequency of degenerating cells per round seminiferous tubule was about 40 times greater than at stage VII. The results indicated that, in the normal adult rat testis, the germ cells are least at risk of degeneration as they pass through stage VII.  相似文献   

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