葡萄糖异构酶突变体酶GIG138P和GIG138P-G247D在变铅青链霉菌中的高效表达及检测

将含有G138P单点突变和G138P-G247D双点突变的GI结构基因,分别克隆入E.coli链霉菌穿梭载体pHZ1272,成功构建了穿梭表达载体pHZGI1和pHZGI2。通过原生质体的转化,将穿梭表达载体导入变铅青链霉菌TK54菌株。30℃振荡培养24h,加入2 μg/mL 硫链丝菌素诱导表达12h。SDSPAGE电泳表明,两个穿梭载体在TK54菌株内表达出425 kD特异性条带。薄层扫描显示,突变体酶GIG138P和GIG138PG247D分别约占可溶性蛋白的19%和22%。Western杂交进一步证实GIG138P和GIG138PG247D在变铅青链霉菌TK54中获得了表达。     

葡萄糖异构酶突变体酶GIGl38P和GIG138P-G247D在变铅青链霉菌中的高效表达及检测

将含有G138P单点突变和G138P－G247D双点突变的GI结构基因,分别克隆入E.coli-链霉菌穿梭载体pHZ-1272,成功构建了穿梭表达载体pHZGI1和pHZGI2。通过原生质体的转化,将穿梭表达载体异入变铅青链霉菌TK54菌株。30℃振荡培养24h,加入2μg/mL硫链丝菌素诱导表达12h。SDS－PAGE电泳表明,两个穿梭载体在TK54菌株内表达出42．5kD特异性条带。薄层扫描显示,突变体酶GIG138P和GIG138P－G247D分别约占可溶性蛋白的19％和22％。Western杂交进一步证实GIG138P和GIG138P－G247D在变铅青链霉菌TK54中获得了表达。     

大肠杆菌葡萄糖异构酶基因在变铅青链霉菌中的克隆与表达

本文用穿梭质粒载体pSE-3,进行了大肠杆菌葡萄糖异构酶基因在变铅青链霉菌中的克隆与表达。把含有1.6kb葡萄糖异构酶基因的pX1200(4.3kb)质粒与pGEM-3(2.9kb)质粒分别用EcoRI酶解,T4DNA连接酶连接,转化E.Coli HB101(Xy1~-,Neo(?)),得到的重组质粒被命名为pX1203(7.2kb);将pX1203与穿梭质粒载体pSE-3分别用HindⅢ酶解,T_4DNA连接酶连接,转化E.Coli HB101,在含有新霉素的木糖培养基上筛选到转化重组体,其重组质粒被命名为pSE×100(10.6kb);把pSE×100转化变铅青链霉菌TK54的原生质体,在硫链丝菌肽(50μg/ml)和新霉素(50μg/ml)的平皿上得到了重组体。经质粒提取,酶切分析,再转化和葡萄糖异构酶活性测定,结果表明,大肠杆菌的葡萄糖异构酶基因确实已在链霉菌中克隆和表达。     

变铅青链霉菌启动子的克隆和表达

利用启动子探测质粒pIJ486(Tsr~(?) Neo~(?))将变铅青链霉菌(streptomyces lividans)TK24染色体DNA的BamHI酶切片段插入pIJ486的BamHI位点。获得4个硫链丝菌肽抗性、新霉素抗性的重组质粒。它们分别命名为pMGI(10.6kb)、pMG40(7.6kb)、pMG50(10.8kb)和pMG88(7.92kb)。BamHI酶切分析及再转化试验表明,新霉素抗性的恢复确实来自载体的外源插入序列。用BgⅢ酶切已将pMG40的插入序列缩小到0.78kb的pMG40-2,pMG50的插入序列缩小到2.2kb的pMG50-25,仍保留启动子活性。重组质粒pMG50-25的新霉素抗性水平高达90μg/ml(卡那霉素抗性水平为500μg/ml),表明这是一个活性很强的启动子。     

人肿瘤坏死因子基因在变铅青链霉菌中的克隆与表达

以质粒ｐＩＪ４８６为载体,将来源于质粒ｐＨＴ１的肿瘤坏死坏因子（ＴＮＦ－ａ）ｃＤＮＡ克隆至变铅青链霉菌,以新霉素（３０μｇ／ｍｌ）为选择标记,获得了数百转化子,实验表明Ｎｏ．７转化子ｓ．ｌｉｖｉｄａｎｓ ＴＫ５４－ＨＴ所含重组质粒ｐＩＪＴ７已克隆有ＴＮＦｃＤＮＡ。Ｌ９２９细胞毒实验结果表明该转化子ＴＮＦ表达量可达１０＾８活性单位／升以上,中和实验确证其表达产物为人ＴＮＦ－ａ,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ表明克     

7号淀粉酶链霉菌M1033菌株葡萄糖异构酶在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

从已克隆的含７号淀粉酶链霉菌Ｍ１０３３菌株产葡萄糖异构酶基因的质粒ｐＵＢ中,用ＤｄｅＩ和Ｋｐｎｌ酶解,分离出酶结构基因,以平端方式与大肠杆菌质粒ｐＴ７-７连接,构建了重组表达质粒ｐＴＫＤ-ＧＩ。将ｐＴＫＤ-ＧＩ转化到特异大肠杆菌寄主Ｋ３８,经４２℃热诱导,所产葡萄糖异构酶占菌体可溶性蛋白３５％。通过ＤＥＡＥ－Ａ５０柱和Ｇ－１５０柱层析,发酵液可获电泳纯蛋白３４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

DndB蛋白负调控变铅青链霉菌dndA基因转录

为了探究变铅青链霉菌dndA基因转录调控机制,本研究利用LC-MS分析了野生型变铅青链霉菌1326和dndB基因同框缺失菌株HXY2的DNA硫修饰丰度差异。通过半定量RT-PCR比较dndA基因在1326与HXY2中的表达差异。用儿茶酚2, 3-双加氧酶活力检测实验和对dndA启动子区域进行删除或突变来确定负责dndA基因表达调控的顺式作用元件。研究发现,HXY2的DNA硫修饰丰度高于1326,dndA基因在HXY2中的表达高于1326。儿茶酚2,3-双加氧酶活力检测实验显示,删除或突变r重复序列能使1326的dndA启动子活力明显升高。突变r重复序列后,HXY2的dndA启动子活力没有明显变化。结果显示,DndB蛋白抑制dndA基因转录进而下调DNA硫修饰丰度,以及DndB蛋白通过结合到r重复序列而抑制dndA基因转录。这是首次对dndA基因的转录调控机制进行研究,并且本研究进一步丰富了DndB蛋白的调控机理。     

大鼠α-酰胺酶在变铅青链霉菌中的克隆及表达研究

α－酰胺酶（α－ａｍｉｄａｓｅ,α－ＡＥ）催化神经和内分泌系统中活性多肽的Ｃ－端酰胺化,多多肽的生物活性至关重要。以大鼠心房组织的总ＲＮＡ为模板,采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术扩增获得编码α－酰胺酶的ｃＤＮＡ,并进行了克隆和测序。为了使α－酰胺酶能在链霉菌中分泌表达,将其ｃＤＮＡ与链霉菌酷氮酶酶（ｍｅｌＣ１）信号的编码序列融合得到融合ｍｅｌ／ＡＥ,将ｍｅｌ／ＡＥ插入链霉菌质粒ｐＩＪ６８０,获得重组质粒ｐＩＪ     

Stability of plasmid vector plJ303 in Streptomyces lividans TK24 during laboratory-scale fermentations

Plasmid plJ303 stability in Streptomyces lividans cultures has been studied by measuring plasmid copy number under various growth conditions. An increase in mean plasmid copy number was normally seen during early rapid growth in both shaken culture and stirred vessel fermentations at 28 degrees C. Maximum copy numbers were consistently attained in early stationary phase followed by a decline (of variable amount) upon further incubation. The imposition of environmental stress (high growth temperature, i.e., 37 degrees C, and low dissolved oxygen tension, i.e., <5% air saturation) led to a plasmid copy number of zero and a 50% reduction, respectively. Interestingly, the relative proportions of plasmid topoisomers changed with time since progressively more supercoiled forms were observed throughout the stationary phase. Plasmid dimers were also observed in some cultures, and no evidence of structural plasmid instability was found. In general, this host-vector system seemed remarkably stable under normal growth conditions. However, copious organic acid production by the host was observed and was thought to be undesirable for good heterologous gene expression of a secreted protein. (c) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Mutational analysis of the Streptomyces lividans recA gene suggests that only mutants with residual activity remain viable

Temperature-sensitive integration plasmids carrying internal fragments of the Streptomyces lividans TK24 recA gene were constructed and used to inactivate the chromosomal recA gene of S. lividans by gene disruption and gene replacement. Integration of these plasmids resulted in recA mutants expressing C-terminally truncated RecA proteins, as deduced from Southern hybridization experiments. Mutants FRECD2 in which the last 42 amino acids, comprising the variable part of bacterial RecA proteins, had been deleted retained the wild-type phenotype. The S. lividans recA mutant FRECD3 produced a RecA protein lacking 87 amino acids probably including the interfilament contact site. FRECD3 was more sensitive to UV and MMS than the wild-type. Its ability to undergo homologous recombination was impaired, but not completely abolished. Integration of the disruption plasmid pFRECD3 in S. coelicolor“Müller” caused the same mutant phenotype as S. lividans FRECD3. In spite of many attempts no S. lividans recA mutants with deletions of 165 C-terminal amino acids or more were isolated. Furthermore, the recA gene could not be replaced by a kanamycin resistance cassette. These experiments indicate a crucial role of the recA gene in ensuring viability of Streptomyces. Received: 20 December 1996 / Accepted: 25 March 1997     

Characterization of Streptomyces D3 derived from protoplast fusion between Streptomyces cyaneus 190-1 and Streptomyces griseoruber 42-9

Streptomyces D3, derived from protoplast fusion between Streptomyces cyaneus 190-1 and Streptomyces griseoruber 42-9, has the ability to produce high levels of xylose isomerase when grown on hemicellulosic materials such as xylan as the carbon source. Comparison between the partial nucleotide sequences of the 16S ribosomal RNA genes from S. cyaneus 190-1, S. griseoruber 42-9, and fusant D3 showed that the 16S rRNA gene of fusant D3 was identical to that of S. cyaneus 190-1. Partial sequence analysis of the xylose isomerase genes also indicated that the gene of fusant D3 was identical to that of S. cyaneus 190-1. The partial DNA fragments for the xylanase genes (xlnA and xlnB) of fusant D3 were amplified by PCR, and subjected to Southern hybridization analysis. The results revealed that the xlnB gene of fusant D3 was similar to that of S. cyaneus 190-1, but that the xlnA gene of fusant D3 was similar to that of S. griseoruber 42-9. These results suggest that the majority of the genome of fusant D3 may be derived from S. cyaneus 190-1.     

变铅青链霉菌对噬菌体φHAU3抗性与异常修饰之间的相互关系

变铅青链霉菌异常修饰突变菌株ＺＸｌ同时丧失了对噬菌体ＨＡＵ３的抗性,遗传学杂交结果揭示,ＤＮＡ降解和对ＨＡＵ３抗性这两种表型从不发生分离。以ＺＸｌ为宿主和链霉菌低拷贝质粒ＳＣＰ２衍生的载体ｐＩＪ９２２为载体,构建了变铅青链霉菌ＪＴ４６的基因组文库。在８０００多个转化子中获得了一个能使ＺＸ１对ＨＡＵ３显示抗性的杂合质粒,命名为ｐＩＪ８３１０。它除了含有完整的ｐＩＪ９２２外,还携带了大约１１ｋｂ的外源片段。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交证实,这个外源片段来源于ＪＴ４６,但在ＺＸ１中完全消失。利用转座子Ｔｎ４５６０对该克隆进行诱变定位,获得了中断噬菌体抗性基因表达的衍生质粒,并已证实Ｔｎ４５６０插入在一个２．５ｋｂ的ＢｄｍＨＩ一ＥｃｏＲＩ片段上。     

棘白霉素脱酰酶基因工程菌的构建及应用研究

目的:以Streptomyces lividans TK24为表达宿主,构建高效表达棘白霉素脱酰酶(Ech DA)的基因工程菌。方法:从Actinoplanesutahensis NRRL 12052中获取Ech DA的基因片段,连接到链霉菌表达载体p NW-S1,采用诱导型启动子Plac与组成型启动子Perm E*和PSau3A,依次构建基因工程菌株ZNW-S11、ZNW-S12和ZNW-S13。通过分析启动子对Ech DA分泌表达的影响,确定工程菌的表达能力,随后完善发酵放大的工艺过程,将工程菌株发酵放大到300 L发酵罐水平。结果:成功实现了Ech DA在S.lividans TK24中的诱导分泌表达;在摇瓶水平,Ech DA的酶活可达到125U/L,在24h内可实现对15g/L米卡芬净前体FR901379的完全转化;在300L发酵罐水平,Ech DA的酶活可达到80U/L,可用于10g/LFR901379的完全转化。当前,国内在工业生产中仍使用原始菌A.utahensis来表达Ech DA,而开发的Ech DA基因工程菌,与之相比在生产效率上有了大幅度提升,有助于改良当前棘白霉素类抗生素的生产工艺。     

Detection of penicillin-binding proteins immunologically related to penicillin-binding protein 5 of Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790 in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis

Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 5 of Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790 belongs to the class of the high-molecular mass, low-affinity PBPs which have been correlated with penicillin resistance in most Enterococcus species. Polyclonal antibodies were raised against PBP 5 and used to detect immunologically related membrane proteins in E. faecium and E. faecalis strains. Several strains of both species were found to have a membrane protein of similar molecular mass to E. hirae PBP 5 which reacted with the antibodies. Some E. faecium strains did not react with antibodies but their derivatives with increased penicillin minimal inhibitory concentrations did. In some E. faecalis strains the lack of a PBP 5-related protein was associated with failure to select stable penicillin-resistant derivatives.     

葡萄糖异构酶基因工程菌的改造初探

葡萄糖异构酶（ｇｌｕｃｏｓｅｉｓｏｍｅｒａｓｅ,ＧＩ）是使用量最大的工业酶之一,可用于高果糖浆的生产,也可以用含木聚糖物质及废料为底物发酵生产乙醇,具有重要的经济价值．本文选择了表达载体ｐＢＶ２２０［１］,利用ＰＣＲ方法删除了原表达质粒ｐＴＫＤＧＩ１中ＧＩ结构基因５′端多余的核苷酸,并添加了合适的酶切位点,重新构建了能在大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α中高效表达ＧＩＧ１３８Ｐ的表达质粒ｐＢＺＧＩ１．传代实验表明,新表达体系的稳定性明显优于原表达体系．粗酶液经热处理、ＤＥＡＥＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＦＦ和分子筛Ｓｅ…