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1.
为了建立对昆虫核型多角体病毒(nucleopolyhedrovirus)进行定量检测方法,本研究选用美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea核型多角体病毒的polyhedrin基因为目的基因,经引物设计、PCR 扩增、目的片段与载体连接转化以及重组质粒的鉴定,并对重组质粒标准品和样品DNA进行检测,构建出美国白蛾核型多角体病毒SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量标准曲线。统计学分析显示标准品浓度的对数值与Ct 值之间存在良好的线性关系(R=0.998)。该方法的检测灵敏度为101~102拷贝/μL,线性范围达5个数量级,扩增产物形成单一的特异性熔解峰,组内组间的变异系数均小于3%。根据已建立的方法对不同感染时间段的感病幼虫进行检测,每毫克幼虫样本内病毒polyhedrin基因拷贝数增殖倍数对数值与感染时间(d)呈正相关(R=0.987)。这些结果表明,建立的美国白蛾核型多角体病毒荧光定量 PCR检测方法是可靠的,具有灵敏度高、重复性好等特点,可为昆虫核型多角体病毒体内增殖动态研究及昆虫病毒的标准化生产提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
由家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bombyx mori nucleopoyhedrosis virus,BmNPV)侵染家蚕Bombyx mori引起的家蚕核型多角体病(血液型脓病)在养蚕生产中发生较为普遍,对蚕业生产造成重大的经济损失。本研究建立了快捷有效的环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)用于快速检测BmNPV,为蚕业生产提供了一个有效检测BmNPV和进行早期诊断的技术。该方法是针对BmNPV的pe38基因的6个区段设计的6条引物用于扩增检测,整个反应在恒温条件63℃下进行25 min,扩增产物用电泳法和可视法检测(用SYBR Green I染色)。结果显示,LAMP检测方法的灵敏度是常规PCR方法的100倍,能检测的范围为21个拷贝。另外,用4.86×108OBs/mL感染4龄起蚕,提取血淋巴DNA为模板,PCR在感染36 h后检出病毒DNA,LAMP法能检测感染12h后的样品。  相似文献   

3.
为研究应用PCR技术进行家蚕核型多角体病毒广东株的敏感性检验以及探讨不同地理株系的基因水平的相互关系,本文通过对家蚕核型多角体病毒BmNPV广东株的人工繁殖与纯化,引用了一对根据多角体蛋白基因设计的引物phy35/phy36,对BmNPV的基因组模板DNA进行了PCR扩增,并对其产物进行测序分析.结果显示,PCR技术均可扩增检测出3×108个/mL至3×102个/mL不同浓度的BmNPV模板DNA,特异目标片段大小约为680 bp,且扩增带的亮度随着病毒液浓度的降低而减弱,说明应用引物phy35/phy36进行PCR方法可以有效地应用于检测BmNPV病毒感染的家蚕.同时,测序获得了BmNPV广东株多角体蛋白polyhedrin基因674 bp大小的片段,GC含量为46.4%.经过BLAST比对分析,与BmNPV泰国株的相似性为99%,暗示家蚕BmNPV广东株与泰国株的BmNPV (登录号AY779044)亲缘关系非常相近,两者可能属于BmNPV的不同地理株系.通过系统发育树的进一步分析发现,家蚕核型多角体病毒广东株polyhedrin基因部分序列与家蚕NPV分离株S9多角体蛋白基因(DQ231336)关系很近.  相似文献   

4.
用转座穿梭系统构建了携带绿色荧光蛋白基因(gfp)的重组棉铃虫核型多角体病毒rHa-FGP,以其多角体添食感染棉铃虫3龄幼虫,室内饲养3代,各代均可见自然光下发绿色荧光的棉铃虫幼虫,其中子代不再重复感染。F0、F1、F2代发绿色荧光的棉铃虫幼虫所占百分比分别为34%、20%、8%。提取虫体内的病毒多角体DNA,以PCR和斑点杂交鉴定表明,gfp不仅在亲代棉铃虫体内正常表达,而且在子代幼虫中表达,HaNPV通过卵实现了垂直传播。  相似文献   

5.
张传溪  林欣大  吴峻 《昆虫学报》2000,43(3):233-241
用PCR方法扩增了棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera单粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(HaSNPV)几丁质酶基因,测定了基因编码区的核苷酸全序列。基因编码区全长1.713 bp,可编码570个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,预计分子量为63.6 kD。将所推导的HaSNPV几丁质酶氨基酸序列与其它已知杆状病毒几丁质酶氨基酸序列进行联配比较,结果表明HaSNPV 与谷实夜蛾H.zea单粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(HzSNPV)的氨基酸序列非常相似,同源性高达90.7%,与苜蓿丫纹夜蛾Autographa californica多粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(AcMNPV)、家蚕Bombyx mori核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)、美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea核型多角体病毒(HcNPV)、舞毒蛾Lymantria dispar多粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(LdMNPV)、黄杉毒蛾Orgyia pseudotsugata多粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(OpMNPV)和云杉卷叶蛾Choristoneura fumiferana核型多角体病毒(CfMNPV)氨基酸序列同源性分别为64.4%、64.9%、64.2%、62.9%、66.2%和61.5%。根据氨基酸序列用PC\GENE程序绘制已知杆状病毒几丁质酶的分子系统树,并与杆状病毒中最为保守的多角体蛋白基因系统树作了比较,结果表明几丁质酶基因和多角体蛋白基因的进化速率是不尽相同的。  相似文献   

6.
王悦冰  徐世昌  徐仲  刘太国  蔺瑞明 《遗传》2006,28(3):306-310
Vilmorin23是小麦条锈菌国际鉴别寄主和国际上重要抗源材料。采用SSR技术,利用由Vilmorin23为基因供体转育而成的小麦抗条锈近等基因系Taichung29*6/YrV23,选用YrV23所在2B染色体上的55对SSR引物,对Taichung29*6/ YrV23及其轮回亲本Taichung29和抗性基因供体Vilmorin23的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析。结果显示,引物Xwmc356在近等基因系与轮回亲本间扩增出特异性DNA片段,经F2代群体150个抗、感单株检测证实,该片段位点与抗条锈病基因YrV23有连锁关系,遗传距离为9.4 cM。Xwmc356可作为抗条锈基因YrV23的SSR标记。   相似文献   

7.
姚勤  高路  陈克平  胡志刚 《昆虫学报》2005,48(6):871-875
为了研究家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus,BmNPV)在其宿主幼虫体内不同组织中的增殖动态,对敏感性家蚕品种306幼虫进行经口定量滴注病毒。在接种后9个时间点,对中肠、血淋巴和脂肪体进行取样。以BmNPV DNA 聚合酶基因(dnapol)指示病毒拷贝数,同时以家蚕细胞质肌动蛋白A3(actin A3)基因作为参比基因,用荧光定量PCR的方法分别检测各个时间点的中肠、血淋巴和脂肪体中病毒的拷贝数。结果表明经口感染2 h,病毒进入中肠;12 h,病毒已经到达血淋巴和脂肪体;再经过约12 h的潜伏期,病毒在各组织中开始快速增殖,到84 h各组织中病毒增殖达到平台期。  相似文献   

8.
根据GenBank报道的家蚕质型多角体蛋白基因的保守序列设计特异性引物扩增118bp核苷酸片段,使用含有目的基因片段的重组质粒标准品绘制标准曲线,建立家蚕质型多角体病毒的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果表明,标准曲线中模板拷贝数(X)与Ct值(Y)关系为Y=-3.582lgX+38.748,相关系数R2=0.999,构建的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性和重复性,可用于家蚕质型多角体病毒病的快速检验及该病的流行性调查研究。  相似文献   

9.
粘虫颗粒体病毒增效因子的基因定位   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
刘强  白小东  丁翠  叶寅 《昆虫学报》2001,44(2):148-154
参考粉纹夜蛾Trichoplusia ni 颗粒体病毒增强因子的基因序列,设计PCR引物,用PCR反应扩增出特异性产物。用EcoRⅠ、BamHⅠ双酶酶切处理PCR反应产物,然后克隆到质粒pUC19中,构建重组质粒pUC19-SF;对重组质粒pUC19-SF中的外源片段测序,结果证明PCR扩增产物是粘虫颗粒体病毒PuGV-Ps增效因子基因的一段序列。重组质粒pUC19-SF的插入片段标记为探针,通过Southern杂交将增效因子基因定位于PuGV-Ps病毒基因组的多种酶切片段上。  相似文献   

10.
为构建斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒 (SpltMNPV)的重组病毒,以该病毒日本C3株基因组DNA为PCR扩增模板,根据GenBank SpltMNPV中国G2株基因序列,设计了两对引物分别扩增多角体蛋白基因的5′端侧翼序列(含启动子)和3′端侧翼序列(含终止子),将这两个片段依次克隆于pUC18质粒载体后,再将绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因亚克隆到上述载体的多角体蛋白基因启动子和终止子之间,获得转移载体pSplt-gfp。将pSplt-gfp与野生型SpltMNPV 基因组DNA共转染Spli细胞,通过同源重组和有限稀释法筛选,获得了以gfp基因替代多角体蛋白基因的重组病毒SpltMNPV-gfp。SpltMNPV-gfp感染Spli细胞和斜纹夜蛾幼虫,分别在感染24h和48h后可发现绿色荧光蛋白的表达。该重组病毒的获得,为建立斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒表达体系奠定了基础。  相似文献   

11.
Molecular methods were carried out to detect Penicillium griseofulvum, a dominant species related to heavy metal pollution, which was screened from marine contaminated sediments. Based on differences in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of Penicillium genus and specific isoamyl alcohol oxidase (IAO) sequences, species-specific primers AS1/RS4 and IAO1/IAO2 of Penicillium griseofulvum were designed and synthesized which were then employed in optimized PCR systems. The detection sensitivities were compared through ordinary PCR and nested-PCR using two pairs of primers, respectively. Both primer pairs could exclusively amplify destined DNA fragment from contaminated environmental samples in our researches. As for primers AS1/RS4, the detection sensitivity for spores (pure spore DNA) could be 10 fg/μl and 10 spores, respectively, and the detection sensitivity for the sediments was 102 spores/0.25 g sediments. While the detection sensitivity of IAO1/IAO2 primers was lower than that of AS1/RS4. Despite the difference in detection sensitivity, it is feasible that the species-specific primers could be used as probes for the detection of environmental pollution dominant species, Penicillium griseofulvum, since the frequency of occurrence and amount of this strain could preferably indicate the pollution degree.  相似文献   

12.
HcNPV半胱氨酸蛋白酶,几丁质酶基因失活分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
将含有美国白蛾核型多角体病毒(Hyphantria cumea nuclear polyhedrosis virus,HcNPV)半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因(CP)的自然和几丁质酶基因(ChiA)的片段克隆进PCRⅡ,构建了转移载体pHcCVdel;将含有HcNPV多角体蛋白全基因(polh)序列的片段插入到pHcCVdel的EcoRI位点,得到重组转移载体pHcCVpolh。通过重组转移载体与含有家蚕促  相似文献   

13.
In 1965 Van't Hof estimated the nuclear DNA amount of an unidentifiedAllium cepa L. cultivar as 2C = 33.55 pg (Experimental CellResearch39: 8–58). This value has been adopted by commonusage as the main calibration standard for angiosperm DNA C-valueestimations. However, different cultivars have been used whileassuming species DNA C-value constancy. Surprisingly this assumptionhas never been tested. A. cepa is an outbreeder with telomericheterochromatic segments, so intraspecific variation in C-value,possibly correlated with environmental factors as seen in Zeamays L., might be expected. We used laser flow cytometry tocompare nuclear DNA amounts in roots of six A. cepa cultivarsused as calibration standards or from different environments.Tissues from one cultivar, or similar volumes of tissue fromtwo cultivars, were run and the variance between nuclei in 2Cpeaks compared. Only one shoulderless 2C peak was seen for allpairs of co-chopped cultivars. Thus, no large differences inC-value between cultivars from different environments were found.Moreover, comparing cultivars run singly or as pairs showedno evidence for increased variation in 2C peaks in the latter,and hence of critical differences in DNA amounts between ‘AilsaCraig’ and another cultivar. Such variation was insufficientto make their use as alternative calibration standards, or thepractice of imputing Van't Hof's original C-value estimate tothem, unacceptable for most practical purposes. Given the mechanismsknown which can generate genome size variation, the degree ofconstancy in DNA C-value found seems remarkable. Copyright 2000Annals of Botany Company Allium cepa, onion cultivars, calibration standards, DNA C-value constancy, flow cytometry  相似文献   

14.
The phylogenetic relationships among 12 species belonging tothree different genera (Shorea, HopeaandAnisoptera) of Dipterocarpaceaewere studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers.A modified CTAB DNA extraction protocol was used to obtain tannin-and polysaccharide-free genomic DNA from mature leaves. Clusteranalysis of data from six random primers placed the 12 speciesin three groups corresponding to their respective genera. Fourdistinct nodes ofShoreaspp. and two ofHopeaspp. could be identified.Anisopteramegistocarpaserved as an outgroup, and was unique when comparedto the other genera examined. RAPD profiles of five individualsofH. odoratawith six random primers were identical, suggestingthat there is little intraspecific variation in this species.The RAPD technique can thus be successfully applied for thestudy of phylogenetic relationships of this important groupof tropical timber trees.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Dipterocarpaceae,Anisopteraspp.,Hopeaspp.,Shoreaspp., RAPD markers, tropical timber trees.  相似文献   

15.
Rat microsatellite primers were used for detection of homologous DNA segments in the mouse species (Mus laboratorius, Mus musculus musculus, and Mus spretus). Twenty five (16.3%) of 153 rat primer pairs amplified specific DNA segments, when genomic DNA of mice was used as a template in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Size variation among inbred strains of mice was found for 13 DNA segments (8.5%). Eight out of the 13 polymorphic DNA segments were mapped to a particular chromosome with two sets of recombinant inbred strains, AKXL or BXD. Similarly, mouse microsatellite primers were used for detection of homologous DNA segments in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Twenty (12.0%) of 166 primer pairs amplified specific DNA segments from rat genome. Size variation among inbred strains of rats was found for seven DNA segments (4.2%). Eleven of these 20 DNA segments were mapped with a rat x mouse somatic cell hybrid clone panel and/or linkage analysis by use of backcross progeny. Our results suggest that the mapped DNA segments are really homologs between mouse and rat. These polymorphic DNA segments are useful genetic markers.  相似文献   

16.
Haemosporida is a diverse group of vector-borne parasitic protozoa, ubiquitous in terrestrial vertebrates worldwide. The renewed interest in their diversity has been driven by the extensive use of molecular methods targeting mitochondrial genes. Unfortunately, most studies target a 478?bp fragment of the cytochrome b (cytb) gene, which often cannot be used to separate lineages from different genera found in mixed infections that are common in wildlife. In this investigation, an alignment constructed with 114 mitochondrial genome sequences belonging to four genera (Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus, Plasmodium and Hepatocystis) was used to design two different sets of primers targeting the cytb gene as well as the other two mitochondrial DNA genes: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3. The design of each pair of primers required consideration of different criteria, including a set for detection and another for differential amplification of DNA from parasites belonging to different avian haemosporidians. All pairs of primers were tested in three laboratories to assess their sensitivity and specificity under diverse practices and across isolates from different genera including single and natural mixed infections as well as experimental mixed infections. Overall, these primers exhibited high sensitivity regardless of the differences in laboratory practices, parasite species, and parasitemias. Furthermore, those primers designed to separate parasite genera showed high specificity, as confirmed by sequencing. In the case of cytb, a nested multiplex (single tube PCR) test was designed and successfully tested to differentially detect lineages of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus parasites by yielding amplicons with different sizes detectable in a standard agarose gel. To our knowledge, the designed assay is the first test for detection and differentiation of species belonging to these two genera in a single PCR. The experiments across laboratories provided recommendations that can be of use to those researchers seeking to standardise these or other primers to the specific needs of their field investigations.  相似文献   

17.
Plant roots represent an important food source for soil‐dwelling animals, but tracking herbivore food choices below‐ground is difficult. Here, we present an optimized PCR assay for the detection of plant DNA in the guts of invertebrates, using general plant primers targeting the trnT‐F chloroplast DNA region. Based on this assay, we assessed the influence of plant identity on the detectability of ingested plant DNA in Agriotes click beetle larvae. Six different plant species were fed to the insects, comprising a grass, a legume and four nonlegume forbs. Moreover, we examined whether it is possible to amplify DNA of decaying plants and if DNA of decayed plant food is detectable in the guts of the larvae. DNA of the ingested roots could be detected in the guts of the larvae for up to 72‐h post‐feeding, the maximum digestion time tested. When fed with living plants, DNA detection rates differed significantly between the plant species. This may be ascribed to differences in the amount of plant tissue consumed, root palatability, root morphology and/or secondary plant components. These findings indicate that plant identity can affect post‐feeding DNA detection success, which needs to be considered for the interpretation of molecularly derived feeding rates on plants. Amplification of plant DNA from decaying plants was possible as long as any tissue could be retrieved from the soil. The consumption of decaying plant tissue could also be verified by our assay, but the insects seemed to prefer fresh roots over decaying plant material.  相似文献   

18.
A wide breadth of DNA content variation has been reported amongmaize lines. While the extent of this variation has been welldocumented, few studies have focused on its cause. Some of thenuclear DNA content variation has been explained by the presenceof B chromosomes or knobs. However, variation in these two structuresdoes not account for all of the observed variation. In orderto identify other fluctuating DNA sequences, a rapid and reliablemethod of estimating relative abundance of DNA sequences neededto be developed. The potential of flow cytometry in conjunctionwith spot hybridization for determining relative abundance ofspecific DNA sequences in maize was studied. Different numbersof G1 phase nuclei were sorted on nitrocellulose filters andnon-radioactive hybridization and signal detection performed.Results from these experiments revealed a significant, positivelinear correlation between the amount of target sequence andsignal density using both knob (R = 0.98) and ribosomal spacer(R =0.99) DNA sequences. In addition, G1 phase nuclei of eightinbred lines differing in the amount of knob heterochromatin,were sorted on to filters and the non-radioactive hybridizationand signal detection performed. A significant, positive linearcorrelation between C-band number and signal density (R =0.83;P = 0.0051) as well as between per cent heterochromatin andsignal density (R=0.96;P = 0.0002) was observed. These resultsindicate the usefulness of flow cytometry for spot hybridizationin determining the relative abundance of DNA sequences in themaize genome. Key words: Flow cytometry, copy number, non-isotope labelling, spot hybridization, flow sorting, Zea mays L.  相似文献   

19.
  • 1 Neodiprion sertifer nucleopolyhedrovirus (NeseNPV) is widely used as a viral bio‐insecticide against larvae of the European pine sawfly N. sertifer (Geoff.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), which is one of the most harmful defoliators of pines in Northern Europe. A major obstacle to studying this pathogenic virus in nature is the difficulty of confirming and quantifying the presence of NeseNPV.
  • 2 In the present study, we developed real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers, based on the caspid gene 39 sequence, for the specific and quantitative detection of NeseNPV. The quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) assay can detect virus from any substrate tested, including different insect life stages (egg, larval, adult), pine foliage, and litter or ground vegetation. The reproducible detection limit for the real‐time assay is 0.013 pg of viral DNA (0.013×10?12 g), corresponding to 136 viral genomes or approximately one to seven virus occlusion bodies per sample.
  • 3 qPCR is a specific, quantitative, sensitive, reliable and flexible procedure, and is a good supplement to conventional microscopy‐ or bioassay‐based methods for detection of the virus. We have used qPCR to quantify the level of NeseNPV in samples collected in the field after aerial application of the virus, and demonstrated significantly higher virus levels in sawfly larvae from sprayed areas compared with unsprayed control areas 4 weeks after spraying.
  • 4 This qPCR assay can be used to determine important aspects of the biology of NeseNPV (e.g. virus levels in different insect life stages and in their microhabitats on pine foliage and in forest litter).
  相似文献   

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