survivin 基因在化疗药物诱导的 喉鳞癌Hep- 2 细胞凋亡中的作用

目的：探讨survivin基因在化疗药物三氧化二砷（As2O3）和顺铂（DDP）诱导的喉鳞癌（Hep-2）细胞凋亡中的作用。方法：用Hep-2细胞株进行培养传代,以不同浓度的As2O3和DDP作用于Hep-2细胞,MTT观察As2O3和DPP对Hep-2细胞生长的抑制情况,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡数量,用RT-PCR方法检测survlvin基因的表达。结果：As2O3和DDP对Hep-2细胞的生长均有抑制作用,具有时间-剂量依赖性,化疗药物组细胞凋亡率和survivin基因表达抑制率高于对照组。结论：在As2O3和DPP诱导的Hep-2细胞凋亡中survivin基因表达被抑制,survivin基因可能在DPP和As2O3抗肿瘤中发挥重要作用。     

青蒿素诱导人白血病细胞K562凋亡的线粒体机制

目的:探讨青蒿素诱导人白血病细胞K562凋亡的线粒体机制.方法:用青蒿素处理K562细胞.通过MTT比色法检别细胞增殖抑制的效果;荧光显微镜观察细胞的凋亡;流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)进行细胞周期分析;Western-blotting测定药物作用前后线粒体、细胞浆细胞色素C的表达.结果:青蒿素抑制K562细胞的增殖,IC5D为1.5× 10-5mol·L-1;Hoechst33342/PI双荧光染色可观察到明显的核浓缩、凝集等细胞凋亡表现;流式细胞仪检测G2期细胞比例增高,S期减少;Western-blotting检测药物处理细胞后线粒体细胞色素C表达水平下调,细胞浆出现明显细胞色素C蛋白条带.结论:青蒿素可能通过线粒体细胞色素C途径诱导K562细胞凋亡.     

EGCG通过PI3-K/Akt信号通路诱导人甲状腺乳头状癌细胞K1增殖和凋亡的影响

研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)通过PI3-K/Akt信号通路对人甲状腺乳头状癌细胞K1增殖和凋亡的影响。利用MTT法研究不同剂量EGCG对K1细胞的增殖作用;采用流式细胞术分析EGCG对K1细胞周期和凋亡影响;Westernblot方法检测分析EGCG对人甲状腺乳头状癌K1细胞PI3-K、Akt/p-Akt、mTOR、cyclin D1、CDK4、Bcl-2/Bad、cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达影响。MTT结果显示EGCG作用后K1细胞增殖显著受到抑制,且表现出明显的剂量依赖性和时间依赖性(P0.001);流式细胞术结果显示EGCG能够将K1细胞阻滞于G1期,并且产生剂量依赖性诱导K1细胞凋亡(P0.001);Westernblot结果显示EGCG能够上调K1细胞促凋亡蛋白Bad及cleaved-caspase-3的表达,下调PI3-K、mTOR、cyclin D1、CDK4蛋白表达,降低AKT蛋白磷酸化及抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达(P0.05)。结果证明,EGCG能够通过PI3-K/Akt信号通路,诱导G1阻滞及细胞凋亡,抑制人甲状腺乳头状癌细胞K1增殖。     

选择性COX-2抑制剂celecoxib对K562细胞的增殖抑制、凋亡诱导作用和分子机制

环氧化酶(cyclooxygenase, COX)家系被显示与恶性肿瘤的增殖和凋亡耐受有关,COX-2可作为恶性肿瘤治疗和预防的重要分子靶标.应用COX-2特异抑制剂——celecoxib,观察了药物对人慢性粒细胞白血病急变细胞株——K562细胞的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导效应.结果证明,celecoxib能够有效地抑制K562细胞增殖(台盼蓝染色,MTT试验及集落形成抑制试验证实),并呈一定的剂量依赖性.Celecoxib抑制K562细胞增殖的IC₅₀为46 μmol/L.通过DNA ladder胶电泳和流式细胞仪检测,凋亡细胞的AO/EB染色等方法证明celecoxib能够诱导K562细胞凋亡,这一效应与Caspase-3蛋白表达上调和裂解激活有关,当阻断Caspase-3的活性,celecoxib诱导的K562细胞凋亡明显受抑.利用RT-PCR分析技术及蛋白质印迹,证明K562细胞存在COX-2 mRNA和COX-2蛋白表达;而且,K562细胞COX-2蛋白表达可被IL-1β诱导性刺激,从而确认K562细胞为COX-2表达阳性细胞;celecoxib在较高浓度(80～160μmol/L)既可抑制K562细胞COX-2 mRNA表达,也可下调COX-2蛋白质表达,提示celecoxib抗K562白血病细胞活性与COX-2的抑制相关,其抗白血病的分子机制部分涉及到COX-2依赖性途径.     

IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞凋亡

本文应用流式细胞分选仪和电子显微镜研究了IL-3和羟基脲对人红白血病细胞株(K562细胞)凋亡的影响.结果显示IL-3和羟基脲分别诱导K562细胞,不能引起细胞凋亡;而IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞,可以引起细胞凋亡.用流式细胞仪检测到IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞后,DNA含量低于二倍体的细胞数达31.90%,并产生明显的凋亡小峰.同时,IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞,可抑制细胞周期中的S期,阻止细胞从S期进入G2/M期,使细胞周期延长,对K562细胞的生长和增殖具有抑制作用.在电镜下可观察到IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导的K562细胞,出现典型的凋亡细胞形态,细胞核内染色质浓缩、凝聚,紧靠在核膜边沿,形成新月形或环状的染色质结构,产生凋亡小体.提示IL-3和羟基脲具有协同效应,IL-3可提高K562细胞对羟基脲的敏感性,并可协同羟基脲诱导K562细胞凋亡.     

敲除LSD1基因对人慢性髓系白血病K562细胞周期的影响

为了探讨敲除LSD1基因后抑制人慢性髓系白血病 K562细胞增殖的原因,使用前期CRISPR/Cas9技术构建的人慢性髓系白血病 K562 LSD1基因敲除株,通过细胞凋亡Annexin V/PI（碘化丙啶）双染色、细胞PI染色以及流式细胞术技术,探究敲除LSD1基因后,K562细胞的凋亡水平是否改变,细胞周期是否受到影响。结果表明敲除LSD1基因后K562细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期,进入DNA复制期的细胞变少,因此导致细胞增殖速度减慢;通过细胞凋亡Annexin V/PI双染色并分析早期以及晚期凋亡细胞总比例,显示敲除LSD1基因后,不影响K562细胞的凋亡。研究结果表明,敲除LSD1基因后人慢性髓系白血病 K562细胞的增殖受到抑制,这是由于K562细胞增殖周期发生了改变,进入DNA复制期和分裂期的细胞减少;而与细胞凋亡水平的变化无关。     

三氧化二砷对K562细胞凋亡的诱导及生长抑制作用的研究

目的：研究三氧化二砷(As2O3)对人红白血病细胞株K562的生长抑制和凋亡诱导作用。方法：以As2O3作为耐药逆转剂,用台盼兰排染法,噻唑兰(MTT)还原法,Hoechst 33342和PI荧光染色法,流式细胞仪技术和荧光分光光度法,观察了不同浓度的As2O3(0．2—5．0μmol/L)对人红白血病细胞株K562的生长抑制和凋亡诱导作用。结果：As2O3对K562细胞具有明显生长抑制和凋亡诱导作用,其作用强度在一定范围内均具药物浓度和时间依赖性。结论：As2O3主要以诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡而表现其毒性作用。     

紫花牡荆素诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡的研究

目的：研究紫花牡荆素（Casticin）对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖抑制和凋亡诱导的作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法：用终浓度为0、0.5、1.0、2.0umol/L的Casticin作用于HepG2细胞,于12、24、48h后采用MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率;Hoechst33342核染色,观察细胞形态学变化;24h后收集各组肝癌HepG2细胞,流式细胞术检测细胞周期及凋亡率;RT-PCR检测survivin mRNA表达。结果：MTT法检测显示,Casticin对肝癌HepG2细胞有增殖抑制作用,并存在浓度和时间依赖关系;Hoechst33342染色后,可见核染色质凝集,凋亡细胞呈致密浓染,与对照组相比,Casticin处理后凋亡细胞比例增加;Casticin作用24h后,细胞被阻滞于G2/M期,随药物质量浓度的增加,细胞凋亡率逐渐增加;RT-PCR结果显示,Casticin下调肝癌HepG2细胞survivin mRNA表达。结论：Casticin在体外对肝癌HepG2细胞有明显的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用,初步推断Casticin诱发肝癌细胞凋亡与其对survivin基因表达的抑制有关。     

PIAS3α过表达对前列腺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 研究过表达PIAS3α蛋白对人前列腺癌细胞系DU145细胞增殖、细胞周期和凋亡的影响.方法 构建pcDNA3.1(+)-HA-PIAS3α真核表达载体,转染前列腺癌细胞系DU145,以蛋白免疫印迹实验检测外源PIAS3α的表达,通过MTT法检测细胞增殖,以流式细胞术分析细胞周期和细胞凋亡.结果 成功构建PIAS3α真核表达质粒,蛋白免疫印迹实验证实外源性PIAS3蛋白质DU145细胞中获得表达.分析目的 蛋白质过表达后的细胞生物学效应,结果显示在DU145细胞中过表达PIAS3α后,细胞增殖受到抑制;同时,细胞周期G0/G1期细胞显著增加,而S期细胞减少,细胞凋亡比率增加.结论 过表达PIAS3α抑制前列腺癌细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡.     

DADS 上调K562 细胞p21WAF1 表达对细胞生长阻抑和凋亡 的实验研究

目的:探讨二烯丙基二硫(DADS)对体外培养的人白血病细胞系K562细胞生长阻抑和凋亡作用及机制。方法:采用MTT分析法检测细胞活性、流式细胞术分析细胞周期及凋亡率、免疫组化检测p21WAF1基因表达。结果:1).DADS在10mg/L～80 mg/L范围内,对K562细胞的抑制作用呈剂量-时间依赖效应;2).不同浓度DADS作用于K562细胞24h后,细胞周期发生了变化:DADS可以将K562细胞阻滞于G2/M期;3).DADS浓度在10mg/L～80mg/L时作用K562细胞24h后,凋亡率逐渐升高,有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);4).用浓度分别为0mg/L,20mg/L,40mg/L,80mg/L处理K562细胞24h后,p21WAF1蛋白表达上调,有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),溶媒组和阴性对照组无差别(P>0.05)。结论:DADS有抑制K562细胞增殖和促进K562细胞凋亡的作用。其作用的可能机制与上调细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂p21WAF1表达,从而诱使k562细胞阻滞于G2/M期有关。     

抗酶1基因转染对HeLa细胞增殖及细胞周期的抑制作用

研究抗酶(antizyme)1对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖与细胞周期的影响,并分析抗酶1对细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)的表达影响.采用定点突变技术,将抗酶1的frameshift位点缺失,随后将突变基因重组至真核表达载体pEGFP-N1中,鉴定后转染HeLa细胞.通过MTT法检测细胞增殖变化,流式细胞术分析抗酶1对细胞周期的影响.RT-PCR和Western印迹检测抗酶1转染对细胞周期蛋白 D1基因表达的影响.酶切结果显示,抗酶1突变基因成功克隆至pEGFP-N1中.成功转染HeLa细胞后,检测结果显示,抗酶1能够减慢HeLa细胞增殖速度,并使细胞停滞于G₀/G₁期,细胞周期蛋白D1基因的表达同时受到抑制.实验说明,抗酶1基因能够抑制HeLa细胞增殖,通过降低细胞周期蛋白D1的表达阻滞细胞周期.     

Induction of G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by a novel enediyne derivative, THDA, in chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) cells

We studied the effect of 2-(6-(2-thieanisyl)-3(Z)-hexen-1,5-diynyl)aniline(THDA), a newly developed anti-cancer agent, on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and induction of apoptosis in K562 cells. THDA was found to inhibit the growth of K562 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis showed G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in K562 cells following 24 h exposure to THDA. During the G2/M arrest, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs), p21 and p27 were increased in a time-dependent manner. Analysis of the cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that THDA did not change the steady-state levels of cyclin B1, cyclin D3 and Cdc25C, but decreased the protein levels of Cdk1, Cdk2 and cyclin A. THDA also caused a marked increase in apoptosis, which was associated with activation of caspase-3 and proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. These molecular alterations provide an insight into THDA-caused growth inhibition, G2/M arrest and apoptotic death of K562 cells.     

三氧化二砷对K562/A02 细胞的凋亡及细胞周期的影响

目的:研究三氧化二砷对多药耐药急性白血病细胞株K562/A02凋亡与细胞周期的影响及可能机制。方法:取阿霉素(Adr)的耐药白血病细胞株分为未加药的对照组及加入不同浓度的三氧化二砷(其终浓度为4.0μmol/L、5.0μmol/L)组,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布,Western blot方法检测不同浓度三氧化二砷对K562/A02细胞核NF-κBp65蛋白水平。结果:与对照组比较,三氧化二砷可显著增加Adr对K562/A02细胞凋亡率,阻滞细胞于G0/G1期,降低K562/A02细胞胞核中NF-kB p65的表达(P均<0.05)。结论:三氧化二砷可能是通过抑制NF-kB的胞内活化转位,从而促进K562/A02细胞凋亡及抑制细胞增殖。     

NPM1突变基因表达抑制K562白血病细胞体外增殖和侵袭

核仁磷酸蛋白(nucleophosmin,NPM1)突变是近年发现的在急性髓系白血病中发挥重要作用的基因改变,为探讨NPM1突变对K562白血病细胞体外增殖和侵袭能力的影响,将载体pEGFPC1-NPM1-mA转染K562细胞系,构建稳定表达NPM1突变蛋白的白血病细胞株(K562-mA)。利用细胞生长曲线观察细胞体外增殖能力;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期进程改变;细胞粘附、Transwell实验分别用以观察细胞体外粘附、迁移及侵袭能力。结果发现,NPM1突变转染后K562细胞体外增殖能力明显减弱;同时G1期细胞比例明显增高,S期细胞比例显著减低。与未处理组和空载体转染组细胞相比,K562-mA细胞体外迁移能力有所增加,但细胞粘附及侵袭能力却明显减弱。提示NPM1突变基因的表达能够抑制白血病细胞体外增殖和侵袭能力,为进一步深入探讨NPM1突变在白血病发生发展中的调控机制奠定了良好的基础。     

RPS27a promotes proliferation,regulates cell cycle progression and inhibits apoptosis of leukemia cells

Ribosomal protein S27a (RPS27a) could perform extra-ribosomal functions besides imparting a role in ribosome biogenesis and post-translational modifications of proteins. The high expression level of RPS27a was reported in solid tumors, and we found that the expression level of RPS27a was up-regulated in advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute leukemia (AL) patients. In this study, we explored the function of RPS27a in leukemia cells by using CML cell line K562 cells and its imatinib resistant cell line K562/G01 cells. It was observed that the expression level of RPS27a was high in K562 cells and even higher in K562/G01 cells. Further analysis revealed that RPS27a knockdown by shRNA in both K562 and K562G01 cells inhibited the cell viability, induced cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases and increased cell apoptosis induced by imatinib. Combination of shRNA with imatinib treatment could lead to more cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 expression in RPS27a knockdown cells. Further, it was found that phospho-ERK(p-ERK) and BCL-2 were down-regulated and P21 up-regulated in RPS27a knockdown cells. In conclusion, RPS27a promotes proliferation, regulates cell cycle progression and inhibits apoptosis of leukemia cells. It appears that drugs targeting RPS27a combining with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) might represent a novel therapy strategy in TKI resistant CML patients.     

Evodiamine inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cell line K562 by regulating peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) pathway

Evodiamine, a quinolone alkaloid, is one of the major bioactive compounds of Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham (Rutaceae). It exhibits excellent biological activities, especially the anticancer activity. This study aims to investigate the effect of evodiamine on the proliferation of leukemia cell line K562 and to explore the underlying mechanism. The effect of evodiamine on K562 cells proliferation was analyzed by trypan blue dye exclusion assay and MTT assay. The expression levels of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), cyclin D1, and p21 were detected by western blot assay. The results demonstrated that evodiamine inhibited the proliferation and decreased the viability of K562 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. 2-Chloro-5-nitro-N-phenylbenzamide (GW9662) and/or PPARγ-siRNA pretreatment alleviated the cell growth suppression triggered by evodiamine. Meanwhile, evodiamine intervention elevated the expression of PPARγ in K562 cells, while pretreatment with GW9662 attenuated the enhanced upregulation of PPARγ expression induced by evodiamine. In addition, GW9662 and PPARγ-siRNA pretreatment also significantly attenuated the downregulation of the cell cycle control protein cyclin D1 and the upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 induced by evodiamine. In conclusion, PPARγ signaling pathway may involve in the proliferation inhibition of evodiamine on K562 cells via inhibiting cylcin D1 and stimulating of p21.     

Induction of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by troglitazone, a synthetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligand

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Here we wished to determine whether the PPARgamma ligand induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of the MDA-MB-231 cell, an estrogen receptor alpha negative breast cancer cell line. The treatment of MDA-MB-231 cell with PPARgamma ligands was shown to induce inhibition of cell growth in a dose-dependent manner as determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis showed a G1 arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to troglitazone. An apoptotic effect by troglitazone demonstrated that apoptotic cells elevated by 2.5-fold from the control level at 10 microM, to 3.1-fold at 50 microM and to 3.5-fold at 75 microM. Moreover, troglitazone treatment, applied in a dose-dependent manner, caused a marked decrease in pRb, cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3, Cdk2, Cdk4 and Cdk6 expression as well as a significant increase in p21 and p27 expression. These results indicate that troglitazone causes growth inhibition, G1 arrest and apoptotic death of MDA-MB-231 cells.     

Flow cytometry study of human cyclin B1 and cyclin E expression in leukemic cell lines: cell cycle kinetics and cell localization

Experiments by flow cytometry (FCM) after nuclei isolation have never been done to investigate cyclins. We have conducted different experiments by FCM using whole cells and isolated nuclei to study the immunolocalization and kinetic patterns of cyclin B1 and cyclin E in various leukemic cell lines. During asynchronous growth, all whole cells had a scheduled, cell cycle phase-restricted expression of cyclin B1. By using a washless immunostaining of unfixed nuclei, cyclin B1 was detected in all cell cycle phases, including G1, although to a lesser extent than in G2/M, suggesting that in whole cells the cyclin B1 epitope is masked and accessible only in isolated nuclei. When the cells were synchronized at the G1/S boundary by thymidine or in the G1 phase by sodium n-butyrate, an identical accumulation of cyclin B1 was observed. As for cyclin E, its expression was higher with thymidine treatment than with sodium n-butyrate, particularly in nuclei. The elevated cyclin B1 level in the cells arrested at the G1/S boundary may reflect the increased half-life of this protein stabilized as the result of cyclin E overexpression. However, our FCM data also support the notion that accumulation of human cyclin B1 in leukemic cell lines begins during the G1 phase of the cell cycle, probably in the nucleus. The detection of cyclin B1 by Western blot in cells sorted in the G1 phase of the cell cycle confirms this finding. It is possible, therefore, that tumor transformation or leukemic phenotype may invariably be associated with altered cyclin B1 expression.     

Formononetin induces cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cells via IGF1/PI3K/Akt pathways in vitro and in vivo

Formononetin is one of the main components of red clover plants, and is considered as a typical phytoestrogen. This study further investigated that formononetin inactivated IGF1/IGF1R-PI3K/Akt pathways and decreased cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression in human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. MCF-7 cells were treated with different concentrations of formononetin. The proliferation of the cells treated with formononetin was tested by MTT assay. The cell cycle in the treated cells was examined by flow cytometry. The levels of p-IGF-1?R, p-Akt, and cyclin D1 protein expression and cyclin D1?mRNA expression in the treated cells were determined by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. In addition, the antitumor activity of formononetin was evaluated in nude mice bearing orthotopic tumor implants. Compared with the control, formononetin inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and effectively induced cell cycle arrest. The levels of p-IGF-1?R, p-Akt, cyclin D1 protein expression, and cyclin D1?mRNA expression were also downregulated. On the other hand, formononetin also prevented the tumor growth of human breast cancer cells in nude mouse xenografts. These results show that formononetin causes cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase by inactivating IGF1/IGF1R-PI3K/Akt pathways and decreasing cyclin D1?mRNA and protein expression, indicating the use of formononetin in the prevention of breast cancer carcinogenesis.