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1.
我国产有近五十种毒蛇中,具有剧毒且对人畜危害较大者,约有十几种,即银环蛇,眼镜蛇,金环蛇,眼镜王蛇,蝰蛇,蝮蛇,尖吻蝮,竹叶青,烙铁头蛇及常见的几种海蛇。我国抗蛇毒血清的研制,一直未得到应有的重视,及至1970年始有抗蛇毒血清供临床使用。目前计有四种产品,即精制抗蝮蛇毒血清,精制抗尖吻蝮蛇毒血清,精制抗银环蛇毒血清和精制抗眼镜蛇毒血清。现正陆续研制抗蝰蛇毒血清,抗金环蛇毒血清等,为治疗我国毒蛇咬伤中毒患者提供可靠的特效药。  相似文献   

2.
黄松  程瑾  黄接棠 《四川动物》2004,23(3):287-289
对人工培育的4个年龄段尖吻蝮蛇毒和野生成体尖吻蝮蛇毒进行了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析.结果显示3龄以前尖吻蝮蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱,无论是在分带、泳动率及相应组分的量等方面,均呈现一定的差异,但随着尖吻蝮蛇龄的增长,蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱与野生成蛇蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱越来越接近.3龄尖吻蝮生长发育达到性成熟,其蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱与野生成蛇趋于一致.蛇毒组分的变化,提示了尖吻蝮的生长发育进程.  相似文献   

3.
黄松  程瑾  黄接棠 《四川动物》2004,23(3):287-289
对人工培育的4个年龄段尖吻蝮蛇毒和野生成体尖吻蝮蛇毒进行了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析。结果显示:3龄以前尖吻蝮蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱,无论是在分带、泳动率及相应组分的量等方面,均呈现一定的差异,但随着尖吻蝮蛇龄的增长,蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱与野生成蛇蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱越来越接近。3龄尖吻蝮生长发育达到性成熟,其蛇毒蛋白电泳图谱与野生成蛇趋于一致。蛇毒组分的变化,提示了尖吻蝮的生长发育进程。  相似文献   

4.
袁汉宁 《蛇志》2012,(4):379-380
目的观察机械通气联合抗蛇毒血清救治银环蛇咬伤中毒致呼吸麻痹的效果。方法对我院急诊科联合应用有创机械通气和抗银环蛇毒血清救治的25例银环蛇咬伤中毒致呼吸麻醉患者的经验进行总结。结果经机械通气联合抗银环蛇毒血清治疗后,25例患者全部治愈出院。结论及时应用机械通气呼吸支持,配合应用抗银环蛇毒血清中和蛇毒治疗是提高银环蛇咬伤致呼吸麻痹抢救成功的有效措施。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨不同地理单元尖吻蝮蛇毒蛋白组分有无差异性。方法采用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(NativePAGE)方法,比较采自安徽黄山(黄山单元)和贵州梵净山(西部单元)尖吻蝮蛇毒组分。结果梵净山尖吻蝮的蛇毒蛋白表达量和条带数目均高于黄山尖吻蝮。结论黄山单元和西部单元的尖吻蝮蛇毒蛋白组分具有差异性。  相似文献   

6.
黄松  黄锋 《蛇志》2008,20(4)
目的 比较冬眠期、冬眠前后、活动期尖吻蝮蛇毒的组分.方法 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳.结果 发现了冬眠期尖吻蝮蛇毒中有一个特异性增强的蛋白质成分,进入冬眠几天后,该成分就可以检测到,出眠几天后及活动期蛇毒中不可见.结论 该成分应该与尖吻蝮冬眠密切相关,暂且称其为"冬眠特异蛋白".  相似文献   

7.
乌梢蛇血清对白眉蝮等3种蛇毒解毒作用初探   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
胡恺  万新华  刘岱岳 《蛇志》2006,18(3):178-182
目的 探讨乌梢蛇血清对孟加拉眼镜蛇、白眉蝮、莽山烙铁头3种毒蛇的解毒作用。方法 给18~22g昆明小鼠分别注射盂加拉眼镜蛇毒、白眉蝮蛇毒及莽山烙铁头蛇毒后,随机分组注射不同浓度的乌梢蛇血清,并观察对3种蛇毒的解毒效果。结果 发现(1)乌梢蛇血清对盂加拉眼镜蛇毒有解毒作用.且注射蛇毒与4ml/kg的血清混合液的解毒作用最好,但随着间隔时间的延长,解毒作用逐渐减弱;(2)乌梢蛇血清对白眉蝮蛇毒有解毒作用,且注射量为1ml/kg和2ml/kg时出现了拮抗作用;(3)乌梢蛇血清对莽山烙铁头蛇毒有解毒作用,但莽山烙铁头蛇毒对血清注射量和间隔时间不敏感,在血清注射量为2ml/kg时和注射蛇毒10min后,再注射4ml/kg的血清时出现了拮抗作用。(4)只给小鼠注射不同量的乌梢蛇血清,发现乌梢蛇血清对小鼠无明显的毒副作用。结论 乌梢蛇血清对3种蛇毒均有解毒作用。  相似文献   

8.
抗蛇毒血清的问题及其发展   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
林军 《蛇志》1991,3(4):43-45
抗蛇毒血清是世界公认的抢救蛇伤中毒最有效的药物。1887年 Henry Sewall 首先开始抗蛇毒血清的研究工作,台湾于1923年开始这方面的研究,广西医学院1960年在实验室内研制出抗银环蛇毒血清,到1969年,我国已研制出抗蝮蛇毒血清等5种抗蛇毒血清供临床应用.经过一百多年的发展,抗蛇毒血清的应用和研究取得了很大的进步.由于抗蛇毒血清来源于异种动物血清,在应用中尚存在血清过敏反应等实际问题,下面就其存在的问题及其发展方向作一综述.  相似文献   

9.
尖吻蝮(五步蛇)Agkistrodonacutus是我国特有的毒蛇,尖吻蝮蛇毒除引起局部出血肿胀和坏死等症状外,临床常伴有肾功能衰竭或尿毒症的症状。为给临床治疗提供依据,本实验对尖吻蝮蛇毒引起损伤后肾脏的改变,用小鼠作了试验观察,材料与方法取体重20克左右的小白鼠。每只注入40微克的尖吻蝮蛇毒,先将粗蛇毒溶子生理盐水中,使每0.1毫升生理盐水含  相似文献   

10.
李其斌  康树桂 《蛇志》1990,2(2):4-6
本文总结对青龙蛇药抗蛇毒中毒作用进行研究的买验结果,经动物实验证明,青龙蛇药口服对眼镜蛇毒、眼镜王蛇毒、五毒蛇毒及蝮蛇毒中毒的小白鼠有明显的保护作用,而对银环蛇毒中毒的保护率很低;还证明该药有对抗蛇毒的出血毒性、溶血毒性、毛细血管损伤及组织坏死的作用。  相似文献   

11.
从皖南尖吻蝮蛇(Agkistrodonacutus)毒液中经DEAE-Sepharose和SephacrylS-200两步凝胶柱层析首次纯化出一种中分子量出血毒素(简称AaHⅣ).经SDS-PAGE和等电聚焦凝胶电泳测定其分子量为44kD,等电点为pH5.0.从500mg粗毒中可获得20mgAaHⅣ纯品.AaHⅣ有较强的出血活性,最小出血剂量(MHD)为0.4μg.  相似文献   

12.
In our previous paper, we reported that rosmarinic acid (1) of Argusia argentea could neutralize snake venom induced hemorrhagic action. Rosmarinic acid (1) consists of two phenylpropanoids: caffeic acid (2) and 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid (3). In this study, we investigated the structural requirements necessary for inhibition of snake venom activity through the use of compounds, which are structurally related to rosmarinic acid (1). By examining anti-hemorrhagic activity of cinnamic acid analogs against Protobothrops flavoviridis (Habu) venom, it was revealed that the presence of the E-enoic acid moiety (-CH=CH-COOH) was critical. Furthermore, among the compound tested, it was concluded that rosmarinic acid (1) (IC(50) 0.15 μM) was the most potent inhibitor against the venom.  相似文献   

13.
墨旱莲对4种蝮蛇毒引起的炎症和出血的影响   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
目的探讨墨旱莲提取液对短尾蝮蛇毒、蛇岛蝮蛇毒、白眉蝮蛇毒及尖吻蝮蛇毒所致的炎症和出血的影响。方法应用短尾蝮蛇毒、蛇岛蝮蛇毒、白眉蝮蛇毒及尖吻蝮蛇毒所致大鼠足跖肿胀的致炎模型,观察墨旱莲提取液对蛇毒所致大鼠足跖肿胀的影响。墨旱莲提取液分别与不同蛇毒混合,给小鼠腹部皮下注射,观察其对蛇毒引起的小鼠皮下出血的影响。结果墨旱莲提取液15g/kg连续2次灌胃给药,对短尾蝮蛇毒、蛇岛蝮蛇毒、白眉蝮蛇毒或尖吻蝮蛇毒所致大鼠足跖肿胀的急性炎症造模和短尾蝮蛇毒棉球肉芽肿的慢性炎症造模(20g/kg)均有明显的抑制作用,对这些蛇毒引起的小鼠皮下出血也能明显抑制。结论墨旱莲提取液对短尾蝮蛇毒、蛇岛蝮蛇毒、白眉蝮蛇毒及尖吻蝮蛇毒引起的炎症和出血均有明显的抑制作用。  相似文献   

14.
Antisera are used as effective antidotes against the local effects of snake bites. To improve antisera production and extend the life of surrogates used to produce antibodies, the chronic effects of venom toxicity must be reduced. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of gamma irradiation to reduce the local effects associated with viperid snake bites by evaluating in NMRI mice the toxicity and edematic, hemorrhagic, and myonecrotic activities of native and irradiated Cerastes cerastes venoms. These results indicated that the toxicity of irradiated venoms (1 and 2 kGy) decreased as compared with that of native venom. The edematic and hemorrhagic activities were also reduced in the detoxified samples, particularly with the 2-kGy radiation dose. Furthermore, the creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity was significantly increased in the serum and decreased in the myocardium after envenomation with native venom, but no significant enzymatic changes were observed in mice envenomated with irradiated venom. Histopathologic evaluation showed that native venom caused severe degenerative changes in the myocardium. In the case of 2-kGy-irradiated venom, no tissue alterations were observed. These results indicate that irradiation of venom with a 2-kGy dose may offer an effective method for reducing the chronic toxic effects of venom in immunized animals.  相似文献   

15.
宁永成  王月英 《蛇志》1992,4(3):4-6
本文对不同产地的蝮蛇毒和眼镜蛇毒、五步蛇毒等十六个冻干样品,进行了核磁共振氢谱测试.列出了具有代表性的的氢谱图。从谱图中可看出:每种种属蛇毒均有其特征的核磁共振氢谱,此法在准分子水平上是鉴定蛇毒的一种有效而可靠的方法.  相似文献   

16.
17.
烙铁头蛇是世界上剧毒的蛇种之一,其所携带的毒素能够导致严重的机体损伤。应用蛋白质双向电泳技术,对湖南烙铁头蛇蛇毒蛋白的蛋白质组分进行分析。通过等电聚焦和SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析获得完整的烙铁头蛇毒全蛋白质的图谱,经胶体考马斯亮蓝染色后,应用PDQuest软件对蛋白表达谱进行分析。通过等电聚焦和SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳有83个蛋白质组分被检测出来。其中大约90.00%的蛋白质的相对分子质量(Mr)分布在15~45 kDa之间,大约72.29%的蛋白质等电点(pI)在4.0~7.0之间。通过对烙铁头蛇毒的蛋白组学研究,获得其蛇毒蛋白质组分的表征特点,为后续进一步研究各组分的身份和潜在功能奠定基础,既可以提出新的治疗方案又可以为新的药理应用提供宝贵资源。  相似文献   

18.
本文报道了尖吻蝮蛇毒、蝮蛇毒及抗蛇毒血清能使接种S_(180)、EAC腹水癌的小鼠明显延长存活时间、降低接种率,但不能完全阻止痛细胞生长。体外具有较明显的导致,菡细胞肿胀、膜破裂,核纤维化,坏死等。从腹水酶活力测定及抗血清初步研究结果表明,癌细胞病变中产生的某些抗原物质可能与蛇毒中的酶和毒蛋白相近。因此注射蛇毒后可在体内产生相关抗体,中和癌细胞产生的毒素以达到治疗目的。  相似文献   

19.
Hyaluronidase “venom spreading factor” is a common component of snake venoms and indirectly potentiates venom toxicity. It may cause permanent local tissue destruction at the bite site/systemic collapse of the envenomated victim. The present study was performed to assess the benefits of inhibiting the hyaluronidase activity of Egyptian horned viper, Cerastes cerastes (Cc). The aqueous extracts of some medicinal plants were screened for their inhibitory effect on hyaluronidase activity of Cc venom. The results revealed that the Rosmarinus officinalis (Ro) extract is the most potent hyaluronidase inhibitor among the tested extracts. The Ro extract is more potent inhibitory effect on the hyaluronidase activity than the prepared rabbit monoclonal antiserum of previously purified hyaluronidase enzyme from Cc venom (anti-CcHaseII). In addition, the Ro extract is efficiently inhibited the activity of hemorrhagic toxin previously purified from Cc venom, and it also neutralized the edema inducing activity of the Cc venom in vivo. Furthermore, the Ro extract markedly increased the survival time of experimental mice injected with lethal dose of Cc venom up to 7 h in compared to mice injected with venom alone or with venom/anti-CcHaseII (15 ± 5, 75 ± 4 min), respectively. Our findings imply the significance of plant-derived hyaluronidase inhibitor in the neutralization of local effects of Cc venom and retardation of death time. Therefore, it may use as a therapeutic value in complementary snakebite therapy.  相似文献   

20.
Many plants are used in traditional medicine as active agents against various effects induced by snakebite. Few attempts have been made however to identify the nature of plant natural products with anti-ophidian properties. Baccharis trimera (Less) DC (Asteraceae), known in Brazil as carqueja, has been popularly used to treat liver diseases, rheumatism, diabetes, as well as digestive, hepatic and renal disorders. The active component was identified as 7-hydroxy-3,13-clerodadiene-16,15:18,19-diolide, C20H28O5, (clerodane diterpenoid, Bt-CD). We report now the anti-proteolytic and anti-hemorrhagic properties against snake venoms of a Bt-CD inhibitor from B. trimera. Bt-CD exhibited full inhibition of hemorrhage and proteolytic activity caused by Bothrops snake venoms. The inhibitor was able to neutralize the hemorrhagic, fibrinogenolytic and caseinolytic activities of class P-I and III metalloproteases isolated from B. neuwiedi and B. jararacussu venoms. No inhibition of the coagulant activity was observed. Bt-CD also partially inhibited the edema induced by other crude venoms, metalloproteases, basic and acidic phospholipases A2. To further elucidate the inhibitory specificity of Bt-CD against metalloproteases isolated from snake venoms, a deeper understanding of its structure and function is necessary. Furthermore, the potential use of these inhibitors to complement anti-venom as an alternative treatment of snakebite envenomations needs to be evaluated in future studies.  相似文献   

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