第7届全国高等师范学校生物学课程与教学论专业学术论坛结束

10月21日,第7届全国高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业学术论坛于南京师范大学仙林校区如期召开。全国50余所高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业的近200名专家、学者及研究生代表参加了会议。本次论坛由中国教育学会生物学教学专业委员会主办。由南京师范大学课程教学研究所、南京师范大学生命科学学院、南京师范大学教师教育学院共同承办。     

第9届全国高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业学术论坛结束

9月20—23日,第9届全国高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业学术论坛于山西师范大学顺利召开。全国30余所高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业的近200名专家、学者、研究生和中学教学名师代表参加了会议。本次论坛由中国教育学会生物学教学专业委员会主办,山西师范大学教师教育研究中心、山西师范大学教师教育学院、山西师范大学生命科学学院、山西师范大学科技处共同承办。     

以《细胞生物学》课程为依托开展生物学研究生科研素质训练

该文以《细胞生物学》课程为依托开展生物学研究生的科研素质训练,以此为切入点促进生物学硕士研究生创新型人才的培养。我们将科学研究的方法和思路、科研动手能力、学术交流和沟通能力等研究生科研素质的训练融入到《细胞生物学》理论课程和实验课程的教学中,通过PBL教学法、整体实验设计等多种手段结合课程内容对生物学研究生开展全面的科研素质训练,使研究生们能够在入学后尽快掌握科研方法和思路,提高其动手能力、分析能力和表达能力等。实践结果表明,以《细胞生物学》课程为依托开展的研究生科研素质训练是提高生物学研究生人才培养质量的有效途径。     

医学院校生物学专业研究生课程体系改革初探

研究生教育作为我国高等教育体制中最高层次的教育,是培养具有高素质、创新型人才的核心环节。医学院校研究生的素 质教育与创新能力是决定其基础医学研究能力和临床专业技能的重要因素,而研究生课程体系的建设是决定研究生培养过程中 重要的一环。为了提高研究生的创新能力,我校对研究生课程体系进行了一系列的改革。通过总结国内外10 所知名院校生物学 专业研究生课程体系的特点,对比分析我校在此方面存在的不足,进一步明确生物学专业研究生培养的目标,并有针对性的提出 课程体系改革的措施,为后续研究生教育改革奠定基础。     

研究生教学及其科研开展的探讨

研究生培养一般分教学和科研两部分,而研究生教学又是其中重要的基础环节,是顺利开展科研的前提.以研究生教学为例,系统分析了硕士研究生学习特点、方法、独立及创新性、论文的开题及科研的开展等.     

第13届全国高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业学术论坛圆满结束

<正>2017年11月18—19日,第13届全国高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业学术论坛在鲁东大学召开。本次学术论坛由中国教育学会主办,鲁东大学生命科学学院承办。会议汇聚了全国高等师范院校生物学课程与教学论专业的专家、教师、研究生及其他从事生物学教育教学的研究人员。《生物学通报》常务副主编、北京师范大学刘恩山教授在大会上以《高中生物学课程标准的突出变化及其对     

对医学研究生教育的实践与思考

医学研究生教育作为我国高等教育的重要组成部分,为国家培养了大批高素质医学人才。本文就我们医学研究生教育的实践,探讨医学研究生教育存在的问题。医学研究生教育应首先应加强医学专业知识的全面学习,做到博学而精深。同时,应注重科研素质和人文素质的培养。最后,医学研究生的教育国际化也是非常重要的一个问题。总之,医学院校研究生教育应更加注重创新性、科研素质、人文素质和国际视野的培养,培养具有国际竞争力的高素质专业医学人才。     

临床医学专业学位研究生培养模式的实践与探索

针对当前临床医学专业学位研究生生源多样化、复杂化的现状,从当前临床医学专业学位研究生培养模式存在的问题出发,以青岛大学医学院附属医院培养临床专业学位研究生为例,以应用型医学人才为目标,探讨了一种有效的临床医学专业学位研究生培养模式,模式包括设置科学合理的课程体系、建立并实施临床医学专业学位研究生临床技能培训及考核体系、临床医学专业学位研究生非专业素质教育培训体系,对提高临床医学专业学位研究生临床技能、执业素质及未来临床工作适应力有积极作用。     

浅谈医学人文学教育在研究生临床教学中的重要作用

目的总结医学人文学教育在医学研究生临床教学中的重要作用。方法根据医学研究生的特殊性,分析医学研究生开展人文学教育的必要性和可行性。结果医学研究生开展人文学教育可正确处理医患关系,缓解医患矛盾,确保医疗安全。结论加强医学研究生人文学教育,对培养医学研究生的医德医风,适应现代医学模式的要求具有重要意义。     

通过“现代微生物学技术”课程教学培养研究生创新能力的实践

创新能力提升是当前研究生培养的核心目标,为了探索提高硕士研究生创新能力的课程教学新模式,笔者以微生物学相关专业学术型硕士研究生的选修课程——“现代微生物学技术”课程为例,对课程的教学内容、方法、考核方式等开展了探索与实践。授课教师通过案例教学、研讨式课堂和评价方式的改革,不仅让研究生掌握了现代微生物学技术的相关专业知识和学科前沿,更加提升了学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力,进而提高了研究生的创新能力。     

Delivery of postgraduate medical education--who pays?

As the cost of academic postgraduate medical education increases the DHSS may sometimes need to fund established academic posts or sessions within universities, and it must recognise the need for salaried sessional commitments by clinical tutors and encourage universities to integrate them more effectively into regional medical schools. Such activities will otherwise increasingly impose on undergraduate departments teaching demands that are neither practicable nor proper.     

呼吸内科临床实习中的问题与对策探析

目的:研究呼吸内科临床实习中的问题与对策。方法:查询我院对实习生的管理相关文件、现场考核带教老师,最后对85名在医院已经结束呼吸内科实习的本科同学进行问卷调查,包括实习目的、实习态度、实习效果以及实习与就业和考研的关系等项目,对问卷结果进行分析。结果:现今在呼吸内科临床实习的医学生面临着一些问题,如实习管理松懈;带教老师因工作、患者等原因忽视教学;大部分实习生实习目的不明确、实习主动性较差、实习效果不佳;因"择业"、"考研"压力等外界因素以及呼吸内科学科自身的一些原因轻视呼吸内科实习。结论:影响呼吸内科临床实习教学质量的因素有多方面,可针对"教"与"学"提出解决其临床实习的一些对策。     

Does Exonerating an Accused Researcher Restore the Researcher’s Credibility?

Scientific misconduct appears to be on the rise. However, an accused researcher may later be exonerated. The present research examines to what extent participants adhere to their attitude toward a researcher who allegedly committed academic misconduct after learning that the researcher is innocent. In two studies, participants in an exoneration and an uncorrected accusation condition learned that the ethics committee of a researcher’s university demanded the retraction of one of the researcher’s articles, whereas participants in a control condition did not receive this information. As intended, this manipulation led to a more favorable attitude toward the researcher in the control compared to the exoneration and the uncorrected accusation conditions (pre-exoneration attitude). Then, participants in the exoneration condition learned that the researcher was exonerated and that the article was not retracted. Participants in the uncorrected accusation and the control condition were not informed about the exoneration. Results revealed that the exoneration effectively worked, in that participants in the exoneration condition had a more favorable attitude (post-exoneration attitude) toward the researcher than did participants in the uncorrected accusation condition. Moreover, the post-exoneration attitude toward the researcher was similar in the exoneration and the control conditions. Finally, in the exoneration condition only, participants’ post-exoneration attitude was more favorable than their pre-exoneration attitude. These findings suggest that an exoneration of an accused researcher restores the researcher’s credibility.     

The need for specialized training programs in palliative medicine

Canada faces a significant and growing burden of terminal illness. There are major unresolved economic, ethical and social issues related to care at the end of life. Despite the international reputation for Canadian efforts in palliative care, the medical profession in Canada has largely failed to recognize the importance of the field, as evidenced by the lack of commitment on the part of most medical faculties at Canadian universities to developing academic strength in palliative medicine, the lack of content in the undergraduate curriculum and of postgraduate programs in palliative medicine, and the lack of support for research into end-of-life care. The authors propose a conjoint initiative by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada and the College of Family Physicians of Canada to develop specialized training programs in palliative medicine as a critical step in addressing this crisis.     

“Sharks in Your Hands”—A Case Study on Effects of Teaching Strategies to Change Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Sharks

This study was designed to exemplify how hands-on based teaching strategies enhanced students’ knowledge and positive attitudes towards sharks. Hands-on activities for sharks’ biological and morphological features were carried out. Eleven elementary school students from a remote area in Taiwan were recruited and assigned to the hands-on condition. They were encouraged to draw pictures of sharks before and after the instruction as the main data for pre- and post-test comparison. Two years later, the retention test and attitude inventory towards sharks were implemented. The results revealed that large effect size emerged for both the post-test and retention test. In regards to attitude inventory, students involved in hands-on activities also significantly outperformed the baseline group. Many of them have taken notice of television programs and books about sharks or marine ecology since the hands-on activities, indicating the instruction had a beneficial impact on their extracurricular lives. Empirical findings of this study suggest hands-on instruction is a powerful strategy for learning, both for immediate and prolonged effects on improving students’ knowledge and attitudes toward sharks.     

Effect of social media use on learning,social interactions,and sleep duration among university students

BackgroundSocial networking sites are widely used by university students. This study investigated the purposes for which social networking sites are used and their effects on learning, social interaction, and sleep duration.Material and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 300, 17–29-year-old female students at Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Chi-squared (Fisher’s exact test) test was used to analyze the data.ResultsThe results showed that 97% of the students used social media applications. Only 1% of them used social media for academic purposes. Whereas 35% of them used these platforms to chat with others, 43% of them browsed these sites to pass time. Moreover, 57% of them were addicted to social media. Additionally, 52% of them reported that social media use had affected their learning activities, 66% of them felt more drawn toward social media than toward academic activities, and 74% of them spent their free time on social media platforms. The most popular applications (i.e., based on usage) were Snapchat (45%), Instagram (22%), Twitter (18%), and WhatsApp (7%). Further, 46% and 39% of them reported going to bed between 11 pm and 12 am and between 1 am and 2 am, respectively. Finally, 68% of them attributed their delayed bedtime to social media use, and 59% of them reported that social media had affected their social interactions.ConclusionsA majority of the participants reported prolonged use of social networking sites for nonacademic purposes. These habitual behaviors can distract students from their academic work, adversely affect their academic performance, social interactions, and sleep duration, and lead to a sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity, which in turn can render them vulnerable to non-communicable diseases and mental health problems.     

Teachers' journal club: bridging between the dynamics of biological discoveries and biology teachers

Since biology is one of the most dynamic research fields within the natural sciences, the gap between the accumulated knowledge in biology and the knowledge that is taught in schools, increases rapidly with time. Our long-term objective is to develop means to bridge between the dynamics of biological discoveries and the biology teachers and students. Here we report on our recent initiative towards this objective in which we established a journal club forum as a means towards the professional development of biology teachers. We used the journal club format, which is common within the scientific community, in order to engage biology teachers in a constructivist type of learning in which they acquire new skills and at the same time are continuously updated as to biological discoveries, and can then develop updated activities for their biology students. We suggest using the journal club format for the long-term professional development of biology teachers.     

病原生物学专业研究生综合素质培养的探讨

病原生物学是基础医学中一门重要学科,高素质病原生物学人才培养,是适应社会发展、满足社会需求、促进创新型人才建设的关键.作者在实际工作中,注重引导学生学习态度和思维模式的转变,开展多种形式的教学,从学习态度、科研能力、协作能力等方面对病原生物学专业研究生综合素质的培养进行了初步的探讨,把研究生带到知识前沿、形成研究问题、引导批判和创新,使研究生掌握一定的科研思路与科研方法;注重动手能力的训练,严格施教,加强学术道德教育,探索高素质病原生物学研究生培养的新模式.     

新形势下神经内科研究生专业特色培养的模式探索

：新形势下我国医学教育提出了培养高素质创新人才的要求,医学研究生的培养是医学生培养的最高层次。随着神经病学及其亚专业的迅猛发展,不仅对研究生的临床和科研水平提出了严峻的挑战,而且要求研究生在某一专业领域有较高的造诣。因此,对研究生进行专业特色培养是值得探索的新课题。本研究对我校神经内科研究生专业特色培养的系列探索与实践进行了总结。实践表明,我校神经内科研究生专业特色培养教学改革已取得明显成效：探索出一套行之有效的研究生专业特色培养的新模式,建立并完善了研究生培养中高素质专业人才的质量保障体系,强化了研究生的专业特色。为国内高等医学院校研究生培养模式提供了有价值的参考。     

Philosophical background of attitudes toward and treatment of invertebrates

People who interact with or make decisions about invertebrate animals have an attitude toward them, although they may not have consciously worked it out. Three philosophical approaches underlie this attitude. The first is the contractarian, which basically contends that animals are only automata and that we humans need not concern ourselves with their welfare except for our own good, because cruelty and neglect demean us. A second approach is the utilitarian, which focuses on gains versus losses in interactions between animals, including humans. Given the sheer numbers of invertebrates-they constitute 99% of the animals on the planet- this attitude implicitly requires concern for them and consideration in particular of whether they can feel pain. Third is the rights-based approach, which focuses on humans-treatment of animals by calling for an assessment of their quality of life in each human-animal interaction. Here scholars debate to what extent different animals have self-awareness or even consciousness, which may dictate our treatment of them. Regardless of the philosophical approach to invertebrates, information and education about their lives are critical to an understanding of how humans ought to treat them.