PP333、B9和CCC对脱毒马铃薯试管繁殖的影响

以MS0为增殖培养基,1/2MS(大量元素减半) 6-BA 0.1 mg*L-1 NAA 0.1 mg*L-1为生根培养基,分别附加不同浓度PP333、B9和CCC,结果表明:20 mg*L-1 B9或20～50 mg*L-1 CCC对脱毒马铃薯试管苗兼有促进增殖和复壮的双重效果;0.05～0.5 mg*L-1 PP333及50 ～100 mg*L-1CCC适合于试管苗的保存;而0.05～0.1 mg*L-1 PP333及20～100 mg*L-1CCC有利于根的发生及移栽,其中尤以0.1 mg*L-1 PP333效果最佳,其试管苗生根率和移栽成活率均为100%,且移栽后缓苗期短,生长旺盛.     

PP333及CCC对香椿试管苗增殖及生根移栽的影响

以MS+6-BA0.2mg·L-1+GA1.0mg·L-1为增殖基本培养基,分别附加不同浓度的PP333及CCC,其中10mg·L-1PP333及70mg·L-1CCC对香椿试管苗增殖生长有促进作用,尤以10mg·L-1PP333效果最好,同时可减轻玻璃化及愈伤组织发生;以1/2MS+IBA1.0mg·L-1为生根基本培养基,分别附加0.1mg·L-1PP333及10mg·L-1CCC,对试管苗生根壮苗有促进作用,而10mg·L-1CCC最适宜,小苗移栽成活率高.     

巴戟天种质离体保存研究

以巴戟天试管苗为材料,研究不同浓度的无机盐、蔗糖和四种植物生长调节剂(CCC、PP333、ABA、MH)对巴戟天试管苗保存的影响。结果表明:巴戟天试管苗在无生长调节剂的MS、1/2MS、1/4MS三种无机盐浓度培养基上均能保存培养360d,存活率达90%;蔗糖浓度为20~40g/L时,植株生长健壮,能延长保存时间;四种生长调节剂均能诱导试管苗侧芽的生成,抑制顶芽和叶片的生长。其中以PP333促进壮苗效果最好,能提高试管苗素质,在1/2MS+PP3330.5~1.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L培养基上,试管苗能保存480d,存活率达100%。     

药用植物红根草种质资源的离体保存

以红根草试管苗为材料,研究了不同培养基(MS、1/2MS、1/4MS)、蔗糖浓度和植物生长抑制剂(CCC、PP333、ABA、MH)在红根草试管苗保存中的作用。结果表明:培养基1/2MS对红根草保存最好,保存270d后存活率最高。培养基中不添加蔗糖较添加一定浓度蔗糖时植株的形态和色泽差,但保存时间更长,转继代后能正常恢复生长。添加生长抑制剂能减缓生长速度,延长保存时间,最佳浓度分别为:CCC1.2～1.6mg/L;PP3331.6mg/L;ABA0.5～4.0mg/L;MH0.5mg/L。其中,ABA0.5～4.0mg/L对植株的生长最好,CCC浓度为1.2mg/L和1.6mg/L时,保存时间长,360d时,存活率达90%。     

“固液双层”培养法诱导马铃薯‘米拉’试管薯的研究

该研究以马铃薯‘米拉’品种的脱毒试管苗为材料,采用"固液双层"的培养方式,通过正交试验对其试管苗壮苗生长阶段和试管薯诱导阶段的培养基进行优化,并通过单因素试验研究蔗糖浓度、光照条件和CCC浓度对试管薯结薯的影响。结果表明:在"固液双层"培养中,‘米拉’壮苗培养阶段优化的培养基为改良MS培养基(硝酸铵为2 000 mg·L~(-1)、硝酸钾为2 000 mg·L~(-1))+500 mg·L~(-1)CCC+0.1%活性炭+0.1mg·L~(-1)DA-6+1 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1)NAA+3%蔗糖+6 g·L~(-1)琼脂,pH 5.8。试管薯诱导及生长阶段优化的培养基为MS_1培养基(微量元素和铁盐的用量为MS培养基的2倍)+1.5%活性炭+4 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+8%蔗糖。在试管薯诱导阶段,弱光4 h·d~(-1)培养诱导的试管薯,结薯指数、大薯率、薯块重量均优于暗培养。"固液双层"培养是一种低成本的方法,在组织培养室内就可以大量繁殖‘米拉’试管薯,并且能增加原种的数量,这种方法也能用于马铃薯其他栽培品种试管薯的诱导。     

纪伊潮菊离体保存及其遗传稳定性分析

通过在基本培养基中添加不同浓度配比的蔗糖和矮壮素(CCC)对纪伊潮菊(Chrysanthemum shiwogiku var.kinokuniense)离体保存的影响进行研究,并对保存材料再生后代的遗传稳定性进行分子标记鉴定与分析.结果表明:在(23±2)℃、2 000～3 000 lx光照强度、12 h/d的光照培养条件下,MS+0.5 mg·L~(-1) BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1) NAA+琼脂6.5 g·L~(-1)培养基中添加30 g·L~(-1)蔗糖和1 500～2 000 mg·L~(-1)的CCC能够保存试管苗12个月,存活率为92.86%~96.43%,且恢复生长后试管苗长势良好,其再生后代的形态特征、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和ISSR分子标记扩增图谱与对照株无差异.     

枇杷种质资源的离体保存研究Ⅱ生长抑制剂的影响

在枇杷种质资源离体保存中,加入植物生长抑制剂可以延缓枇杷试管苗的生长速度,延长保存时间。实验结果表明,有利于枇杷种质保存的3种生长抑制剂浓度分别是:多效唑(PP₃₃₃)2~5mg/L、矮壮素(CCC)25mg/L、脱落酸(ABA)10mg/L;其中浓度为5mg/L的多效唑效果最为理想。高浓度的甘露醇(>5g/L)对试管苗会造成毒害,不利于枇杷种质的保存;5g/L甘露醇保存效果较好     

光质对马铃薯试管薯形成的影响

以两个试管薯形成能力不同的马铃薯脱毒试管苗为材料,研究不同光质(白光、红光、蓝光)对马铃薯试管苗生长和试管薯形成的影响.结果表明：红光下试管苗叶片的净光合速率、可溶性糖含量和生物量最高,试管苗叶片数多.蓝光对试管苗干物质含量和试管苗发育后期的结薯数量以及结薯期提前有明显促进作用,但对试管苗株高有明显抑制作用.白光下试管苗净光合速率和干物质含量最低.不同品种试管薯的形成对光质的要求有一定差异.总之,壮苗培养阶段采用红光,试管薯诱导阶段采用蓝光处理利于提高试管薯产量.     

5种植物生长抑制剂对香果树种质离体保存的影响

以香果树带芽茎段为外植体,采用单因子实验法研究了5种植物生长抑制剂在不同温度、不同光照条件下对香果树试管苗离体保存的影响。结果表明,在25℃条件下,香果树种质离体保存的最佳CCC、MH、B₉、S3307和ABA浓度分别为4、4、2、1和4 mg/L;在9℃条件下,香果树种质离体保存的最佳CCC、MH、B₉、S3307和ABA浓度分别为2、1、1、0.5和2 mg/L。在光照和黑暗条件下,香果树种质离体保存的最佳CCC、MH、B₉、S3307和ABA浓度分别为4、4、2、1和4 mg/L。与常温条件相比,低温条件下5种植物生长抑制剂的成活率更高,最佳浓度普遍降低。与光照培养比较,在黑暗条件下5种植物生长抑制剂的成活率也更高,但处理的最佳浓度相同。离体保存后的试管苗没有发生遗传变异。     

琼脂浓度、pH值及接种苗大小对文心兰试管苗增殖的影响

探讨了培养基中琼脂浓度、pH值和接种苗大小对文心兰试管苗增殖及生长发育的影响。结果表明：培养基中使用的琼脂浓度不仅对文心兰试管苗的增殖有影响,而且对试管苗后期的生长发育也有影响,在琼脂粉使用量达6．0g/L时,增殖率明显降低,后期苗生长发育不良;接种苗的大小对试管苗的增殖率影响较大,小苗易于形成丛生芽苗和原球茎,增殖系数可达7．07,而大苗则不能形成丛生芽苗也无原球茎形成;培养基的pH值在5,2～6．5范围内,试管苗增殖率差异不明显,试管苗的生长发育均正常。     

Efficient micropropagation and chlorocholine chloride induced stevioside production of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

A promising method of micropropagation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has been developed with an aim to increase the biomass, survivability of the plantlets and stevioside production, using chlorocholine chloride (CCC). Microshoots transferred to the MS medium containing different combinations CCC and IBA were found to be most effective in terms of growth pattern, hardening ability of the plantlets and stevioside content, compared to MS medium containing either IBA or CCC. Among other combinations tested, MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/l CCC and 3 mg/l IBA was found most effective in inducing significant changes like reduced shoot length, increased number of roots, higher leaf size, increased biomass and chlorophyll retaining capacity, higher survival percentage and most importantly the elevated stevioside content. Collectively, the major observations of this research indicate that application of CCC in micropropagation of S. rebaudiana Bertoni is a promising approach and has commercial prospects.     

黄花蒿组培快繁与种质离体保存的研究

以带侧芽的黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)茎段为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,进行组织培养和种质保存研究.结果表明,培养基MS 6-BA 1.0 mg L-1 IBA 0.1 mg L-1、MS 6-BA 0.5 mg L-1 IBA 0.1 mg L-1和MS NAA0.1 nag L-1 IBA 0.5 rng L-1可分别用于黄花蒿的芽诱导、增殖和生根培养,培养20 d的增殖倍数为5.5倍,生根率98.3%.培养基MS CCC 1.0 mg L-1、MS CCC 2.0 nag L-1、MS PP3334.0 mg L-1可用作离体保存,连续保存200 d的存活率分别达72.3%、77.0%、69.2%.活力检测表明,黄花蒿种质经保存后的增殖、生根能力没有下降.因此,可通过诱导腋芽增殖建立黄花蒿快繁体系,及在培养基中添加CCC或PP333拼能使材料长期保存.     

In vitro high frequency regeneration of plantlets of Vigna mungo and their ex vitro growth

Of the five explants of V. mungo var. T9 used, the excised shoot tips gave best response with regard to offshoot formation followed by the embryonal axis explants. While a treatment comprising 0.5 mgL(-1) BAP, 0.5 mgL(-1) 2iP and 0.1 mgL(-1) NAA induced differentiation of an average 10 offshoots in shoot tip explants, only 3 offshoots were formed in the explants of embryonal axis in a treatment containing 0.5 mgL(-1) BAP and 0.1 mgL(-1) NAA, found optimum for them. Multiple shoots differentiated when explants with earlier regenerated and growing offshoots were first cultured in a treatment containing 0.1 mgL(-1) BAP, 0.25 mgL(-1) IAA and 5 mgL(-1) CCC and then subcultured in the same treatment but having only 1 mgL(-1) CCC. The isolated shoots rooted in 0.5 mgL(-1) IAA resulted in the formation of complete plantlets of an average height of 15 cm in 20 days. The in vitro-regenerated plants grew normally under field conditions and came to flowering as well.     

Physiological studies on the action of CCC in Kyoho grapes

The physiological action of CCC for leaves of Kyoho grapes wasstudied. Leaves from the lower to upper positions of the primaryshoots and (primary) lateral shoots showed uneven photosyntheticactivities with peaks. The photosynthetic activity of each leaffrom both shoots was increased by treatment with CCC, whereasrespiratory activity was not affected with CCC. In the primaryshoots, CCC treatment increased the contents of chlorophylla and b in the leaves, but in the lateral shoots only chlorophyllb contents were increased. Dry weights of the leaves from thelateral shoots increased with CCC, but those of leaves locatedin the vicinity of nodes bearing the fruit clusters varied slightlyor were almost the same as the dry weight of non-treated leaves.Leaf thickness was increased by CCC and paralleled the variationin dry weight. The leaf area was decreased by CCC. (Received April 19, 1980; )     

Aspects Regarding the Action of CCC in Hollyhock Plants

CCC [(2-chloroethyl) tnmethyl ammonium chloride] retarded shootelongation and increased leaf thickness and size (or volume)of leaf mesophyll cells in hollyhock plants. Photosyntheticactivities were stimulated by CCC, whereas post-illuminationCO₂ outburst-1 [PIB-1], PIB-2 and dark respiration were depressedby CCC. Chlorophyll and protein content of leaves treated withCCC also increased as compared with those of control leaves.CCC enabled the plant to bear flowers at the nodes from lowerto upper positions of the hollyhock shoots without flower (bud)abortion. Key words: Photosynthesis, CCC, mesophyll cell