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1.
一、不同I相百日咳菌株与不同I相百日咳血清的凝集力有所不同,且具有不同疑集力的I相菌的抗原构造亦不同,惟抗原相同的I相菌的凝集力与吸收能也有不同者。 二、I相菌的L抗原至少有a、b、c三种,a抗原是I相菌共同的抗原。B及c抗原在不同I相菌株内有不同。用B及C因子血清可将我国、苏联、美国、英国、日本不同来源的16株I相百日咳菌分为合有L抗原ac…、ab…、abe…。三大类。 三、不同抗原构造的I相菌株I司同其他I相菌的特性一致。用同一菌株(18323)进行攻击时,对小鼠的免疫力无差别。 四、对文献上认为凝集力不同的I相菌的抗原构造是否一致;用I相血清来制定I相菌的可靠性;菌株间不同的特异抗原在免疫方面的作用与制造百日咳菌苗用的菌种的抗原构造的问题;以及不同及相同抗原构造的I相菌株在流行病学方面的意义等方面进行了讨论。  相似文献   

2.
1.根据吸收试验的结果,证明了福氏痢疾桿菌第4型的菌株在型抗原上可以有不同的结,并在所研究的菌株中鑑别出三獯型抗原成分。按其型抗原桔棒可以将福氏痢疾捍菌第4型分为三类:即型抗原祜耩合IVA成分者,型抗原秸棒含IVA及IVC成分者和型抗原结耩含IVB和IVC成分者。 2.41佃在北京分雕的福氏痢疾棹菌第4型菌株中型抗‘原霜IVA者有28株,其中27株没有用凝集反应可榆出的族抗原,1株的族抗原为4……;型抗原秸棒为IVB IVC者有13株,其中10株具有族抗原6,2株具有族抗原4,1株没有用凝集反臆可榆出的族抗原。4株由圆内其它地区送来的福氏痢疾桿菌第4型中有3株的型抗原是IVB IVC,它们的族抗原都是4……,1株的型抗原是IVA IVC,用族因子血清没有查出族抗原。 3.福氏痢疾桿菌第4型的分型血清中至少应含有对抗型抗原IVA和IVC成分的抗體。 4.发现了雨株福氏痢疾桦菌箭4型菌在实验室传代培养后喪失了原有的型抗原而变成了只有族抗原的菌。  相似文献   

3.
<正> 血清学试验可确诊百日咳,用凝集试验或补体结合试验(CFT)方法能证明百日咳抗体。凝集试验检出不耐热血清型抗原的1,2,3型和耐热的菌体抗原的抗体。活的或福尔马林杀菌的菌悬液检出不耐热抗原的抗体。新近的两个试验中应用了不同的CFT抗原。1972年Bradstreet等用60℃加热1小时菌悬液的远沉上清作抗原,菌株血清型抗原并不影响血清效价,提示发现的主要抗体是对抗原1的(所有菌株所共有)而不是型特异抗体。苏格兰联合研究用新近分离的1,3型菌株并用NaOH37℃2小时提取抗原,他们没有证明是否测出了型特异抗体。 用间接血凝试验(IHA)测定人血清百日咳抗体的报导很多,除了Schuber等用百日咳可疑病例的双份血清做过试验,没有任何别的作者指出抗原附着到红血球上。  相似文献   

4.
金黄色葡萄球菌荚膜分型血清研制及初步应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为了解中国金葡菌荚膜流行型,用5型和8型国际标准菌株的菌悬液免疫家兔,吸收除去交叉凝集素研制出金葡菌5型和8型荚膜分型血清,并应用于333株临床菌株荚膜分型。该血清效价为1:1280和1:640,与本菌及其它同型菌株玻片凝集反应呈强凝集,与其它型菌株不凝集,且与美国标准血清同时对333株临床分离菌株进行分型比较的符合率为100%。333株金葡地方菌株荚膜分型结果显示,8型菌株占绝对优势,所占百分率为70.9%;5型占6.3%,5型和8型菌株共占77.2%。这与国外金葡菌荚膜5型和8型占70%-80%的报道相似。试验为金葡菌疫苗株选择提供了流行病学依据。  相似文献   

5.
从蛇肠内容物中分离到的8株沙门氏菌,分属于3个新的血清型。8株菌的培养物均可发酵卫矛醇,利用丙二酸钠,但不发酵乳糖和水杨苷.KCN肉汤内不生长,ONPG试验阴性,故应归属于沙门氏菌II。8株菌的培养物均可被沙门氏菌。O-I噬菌体裂解。选出了代表菌株作抗原分析,确定它们的抗原式为:S319411 6,7:1,V:e,n,z15;S319611 6,7:y:e,n,z15;S3195 II 6,8:e,h:1,2。S3196是靛基质阳性的罕见生物型。其他的5株培养物,有2株具有与S3194相同的抗原式,3株具有与S3196相同的抗原式(1株靛基质阳性,2株阴性)。  相似文献   

6.
大肠杆菌纤毛株的调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
大肠杆菌纤毛株大多数能产生耐热肠毒素与不耐热肠毒素,该菌借其纤毛附着在肠壁细胞上,引起感染而致病。菌株的纤毛同时也是一种重要的保护抗原。国外已有用此抗原制备成菌苗,广泛用于接种。为了查明仔猪患黄、白  相似文献   

7.
朱忠 《微生物学报》1966,6(1):112-113
在1955—1956年福州市痢疾杆菌分型研究工作中,发现所分离的福氏4型菌株,用标准4a菌血清作吸收试验时,有的菌株能完全吸收该血清的凝集素,有的菌株则不能完全吸收。据方纲认为福氏4型菌的型抗原尚可再分为A、B、C3个成分。兹选取1955—1956年分离的福氏4型菌27株,进行血清学研究,以了解福氏4型菌的型抗原特性,并追证方纲的发现。首先以能完全吸收标准4a菌(No.51305,捷克)血清凝集素的菌株9308制备免疫血清。  相似文献   

8.
从我国北方8个毛白杨根癌病发病苗圃分离到根癌土壤杆菌(Agrobacterlum tume[actena)8株。经质粒型、生物型、寄主范匿和对土壤秆菌素agfocin 84和D286的敏感性测定,证明5株系nopaline质粒型,其中生物I型2株,生物|I型2株,I—II中间型1株,3株系agroplne质粒型,其中生物I型2株,生物II型1株。所有分离菌株均系宽寄主群,其中1株经回接能侵染单子叶植物美人蕉(Canna inaiea),水仙(Narcissus)和吊兰(Chlorophytum)。分离菌株中,5株nopaIine质粒型菌榫对土壤杆菌素84敏感,3株agropine质粒和3株生物I型nopali 质粒菌株对土壤杆菌素])286敏感。在温室中,合并使用两种土壤杆菌素产生菌——放射土壤杆菌(A.Radiobaccer)K84和D286的菌体悬浮液,预浸毛白杨和向目荚幼苗根部 或与致病的毛白杨根癌土壤杆菌共接种枝茎,降低根瘟病诱发率达94%以上。表明放射土壤扦菌K84和D286可以控制毛白杨根癌病。  相似文献   

9.
将我国6个省(区)、13个主要狐场分离的145株狐阴道加德纳氏菌,进行抗原性、免疫原性测定,从每场分离菌中选出1~3个优良株进行血清型研究。凝集素交叉吸收试验证实,选出的26株菌可划分为3个血清型,以此3个血清型代表株制备因子血清,余下119株菌中,108株在所划分的3个血清型内,11株未能定型。在3个血清型中,Ⅰ型菌株数占定型菌数的79.1%,因而确定,Ⅰ型菌是国内狐场狐阴道加德纳氏菌主要流行型。试验还明确了从貉分离的5株、水貂分离的4株、犬分离的2株阴道加德纳氏菌也属于血清Ⅰ型。将3个血清型代表菌株制成超声抗原,经免疫琼脂扩散试验证实,各型抗原与同型或异型免疫血清均可形成一条明显的融合沉淀线,表明各型菌间有共同抗原成分。同型菌免疫琼脂扩散试验表明,各株菌形成的沉淀线完全融合,从而证实了血清分型的可靠性。  相似文献   

10.
将我国6个省(区)、13个主要狐场分离的145株狐阴道加德纳氏菌,进行抗原性、免疫原性测定,从每场分离菌中选出1~3个优良株进行血清型研究。凝集素交叉吸收试验证实,选出的26株菌可划分为3个血清型,以此3个血清型代表株制备因子血清,余下119株菌中,108株在所划分的3个血清型内,11株未能定型。在3个血清型中,Ⅰ型菌株数占定型菌数的79.1%,因而确定,Ⅰ型菌是国内狐场狐阴道加德纳氏菌主要流行型。试验还明确了从貉分离的5株、水貂分离的4株、犬分离的2株阴道加德纳氏菌也属于血清Ⅰ型。将3个血清型代表菌株制成超声抗原,经免疫琼脂扩散试验证实,各型抗原与同型或异型免疫血清均可形成一条明显的融合沉淀线,表明各型菌间有共同抗原成分。同型菌免疫琼脂扩散试验表明,各株菌形成的沉淀线完全融合,从而证实了血清分型的可靠性。  相似文献   

11.
Immunochemical study of nutritionally variant streptococci   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) have been characterized by their growth as satellite colonies around colonies of staphylococci or several other gram-positive or gram-negative bacterial strains. The majority of the NVS strains were isolated from patients with subacute bacterial endocarditis. Organisms identified as NVS were subdivided into three serotypes by rocket-line electrophoresis and hemagglutination inhibition assays. Ninety-nine of 103 strains expressed one or more of the three serotype antigens; however, a group antigen was not demonstrated in the various extracts of these streptococci. Surface protein studies confirmed the NVS differentiation into serotypes. Serotype I organisms expressed surface protein(s) specific for the serotype, whereas the serotype II and III NVS demonstrated common protein(s) on their surface. Furthermore, SDS extraction released a greater amount of radioiodinatable surface protein from serotypes I and III bacteria than serotype II. Finally, there was no correlation between the serotype or the disease of the patients from which the NVS strains were isolated.  相似文献   

12.
We demonstrated the diversity of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii strains by a sequence analysis of multiple genes: (i) the intergenic spacer (IGS) 1 and 2 regions of the rRNA gene; (ii) the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, including 5.8S of the rRNA gene; (iii) TOP1 (topoisomerase); and (iv) CAP59. In these studies, we compared C. neoformans var. gattii with varieties grubii, and neoformans of C. neoformans. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both C. neoformans var. grubii and C neoformans var. neoformans are monophyletic, but C. neoformans var. gattii showed polyphyletic. C. neoformans var. gattii can be divided into three phylogenetic groups, I, II, and III, with high bootstrap support. Phylogenetic group I contains serotype B and C strains, and groups II and III include serotype B strains. Because the serotype B strains of C. neoformans var. gattii exhibited more genetic divergence, the serological characteristics and chemotypes of their capsular polysaccharide were further investigated. No remarkable difference among the serotype B strains was found in the reactivities to factor serum 5, which is specific for serotype B. The NMR spectra of the capsular polysaccharide from serotype B strains could be divided into three characteristic patterns, but the chemical shifts were very similar. These results suggested that the serotype B strain of C. neoformans var. gattii has more genetic diversity than the serotype C strain of C. neoformans var. gattii or the varieties grubii and neoformans of C. neoformans, but there was no correlation between genotype and chemotype.  相似文献   

13.
Non-enterotoxigenic porcine Escherichia coli strains belonging to the serogroup O115 have been associated with septicaemia and diarrhoea. Putative factors important in the pathogenicity of E. coli of serogroup O115 include fimbrial antigen F165, haemagglutination (MRHA), lipopolysaccharide, serum resistance, capsule and production of aerobactin. Using TnphoA transposon insertion mutagenesis, two classes of mutants were obtained from E. coli of serotype O115:F165 with respect to the phenotypic expression of fimbrial antigen F165 and MRHA of sheep erythrocytes: class I, F165-MRHA-, serum resistant; class II, F165+MRHA-, serum resistant. In a chicken lethality model, class I mutants were either virulent or of intermediate virulence, while class II mutants were of intermediate virulence. Alkaline phosphatase activity of class I and class II TnphoA mutants showed similar environmental regulation to that of fimbrial antigen F165. Moreover, class I and class II mutants were mutated in the prs-like locus, and lacked a 18.5 kDa and/or a 17.5 kDa fimbrial band.  相似文献   

14.
To improve our understanding of the genetic links between strains originating from food and strains responsible for human diseases, we studied the genetic diversity and population structure of 130 epidemiologically unrelated Listeria monocytogenes strains. Strains were isolated from different sources and ecosystems in which the bacterium is commonly found. We used rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with two endonucleases and random multiprimer DNA analysis with seven oligonucleotide primers to study multiple genetic features of each strain. We used three clustering methods to identify genetic links between individual strains and to determine the precise genetic structure of the population. The combined results confirmed that L. monocytogenes strains can be divided into two major phylogenetic divisions. The method used allowed us to demonstrate that the genetic structure and diversity of the two phylogenetic divisions differ. Division I is the most homogeneous and can easily be divided into subgroups with dissimilarity distances of less than 0.30. Each of these subgroups mainly, or exclusively, contains a single serotype (1/2b, 4b, 3b, or 4a). The serotype 4a lineage appears to form a branch that is highly divergent from the phylogenetic group containing serotypes 1/2b, 4b, and 3b. Division II contains strains of serotypes 1/2a, 1/2c, and 3a. It exhibits more genetic diversity with no peculiar clustering. The fact that division II is more heterogeneous than division I suggests that division II evolved from a common ancestor earlier than division I. A significant association was found between division I and human strains, suggesting that strains from division I are better adapted to human hosts.  相似文献   

15.
Serological variations were examined among 12 type or reference strains and 91 oral isolates of vitamin B6-dependent Abiotrophia and Granulicatella spp. Rabbits were immunized with whole cells of 12 selected strains and 10 typing antisera were obtained, which were unreactive with the Lancefield group A to G antigen preparations. The reactivity of the antisera and autoclaved cell surface antigen extracts was tested by double diffusion in agar gel and a capillary precipitin test. These typing antisera categorized all Abiotrophia defectiva strains, all except one Granulicatella elegans strain, three-quarters of the Granulicatella adiacens, and half of the Granulicatella paraadiacens into 8 serotypes and 2 subserotypes. The Granulicatella balaenopterae type strain was unserotypable. All A. defectiva strains were serotype I, some of which were divided into subserotype I-1 and/or I-5. The G. adiacens strains generally belonged to serotype II or III, and the G. paraadiacens strains to serotype IV, V or VI. All G. adiacens or G. paraadiacens serotype II strains were also subserotype I-5. The G. elegans strains were serotype VII or VIII. These Abiotrophia and Granulicatella serotypes were undetectable among 33 strains of the other 11 species including the bacteriolytic enzyme-producing but vitamin B6-independent strains of Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Dolosigranulum and Aerococcus. The proposed serotyping system for Abiotrophia and Granulicatella spp. would be helpful in the identification and classification of these unique coccal isolates in ecological and epidemiological studies.  相似文献   

16.
In order to elucidate the full serological characteristics of strain Ictero No. I, the first strain of Leptospira isolated by Inada and Ido in 1914, 17 monoclonal antibodies against the strain were produced by cell fusion technology. The antibody-producing hybridomas were designated IMAs 1 to 17. The reactivities of the monoclonal antibodies produced by the hybridomas were determined by the microscopic agglutination test. One of the 17 monoclonal antibodies, IMA 1, reacted with strains Ictero No. I, LT 1131 and Naam, but not with other strains of the serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae including strain RGA used in the present study. Moreover, the reactivity of the antigenic determinant of IMA 1 was inactivated by treatment at 56 C for 30 min. The 16 other monoclonal antibodies, IMAs 2 to 17, showed different reaction patterns against Leptospira strains of the serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. All of the 16 antibodies reacted with both Ictero No. I and RGA strains. The antigens against antibodies IMAs 2 to 17 were thermostable. The present study thus clarified the presence of a thermolabile antigen in strain Ictero No. I, and allowed correct distinction between the serotype of strain Ictero No. I and that of strain RGA using IMA 1. Therefore, we propose that strain Ictero No. I represents serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, as originally designated by Inada and Ido. Moreover, strain Ictero No. I should be designated as the type strain of Leptospira interrogans.  相似文献   

17.
To improve our understanding of the genetic links between strains originating from food and strains responsible for human diseases, we studied the genetic diversity and population structure of 130 epidemiologically unrelated Listeria monocytogenes strains. Strains were isolated from different sources and ecosystems in which the bacterium is commonly found. We used rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with two endonucleases and random multiprimer DNA analysis with seven oligonucleotide primers to study multiple genetic features of each strain. We used three clustering methods to identify genetic links between individual strains and to determine the precise genetic structure of the population. The combined results confirmed that L. monocytogenes strains can be divided into two major phylogenetic divisions. The method used allowed us to demonstrate that the genetic structure and diversity of the two phylogenetic divisions differ. Division I is the most homogeneous and can easily be divided into subgroups with dissimilarity distances of less than 0.30. Each of these subgroups mainly, or exclusively, contains a single serotype (1/2b, 4b, 3b, or 4a). The serotype 4a lineage appears to form a branch that is highly divergent from the phylogenetic group containing serotypes 1/2b, 4b, and 3b. Division II contains strains of serotypes 1/2a, 1/2c, and 3a. It exhibits more genetic diversity with no peculiar clustering. The fact that division II is more heterogeneous than division I suggests that division II evolved from a common ancestor earlier than division I. A significant association was found between division I and human strains, suggesting that strains from division I are better adapted to human hosts.  相似文献   

18.
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule is an important virulence determinant in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Studies on the serotype O1 LPS were initiated to determine the basis for antigenic heterogeneity previously observed in the O1 side chain polysaccharides and to resolve apparent ambiguities in the reported polysaccharide structure. Detailed chemical analysis, involving methylation and 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance studies, demonstrated that the O-side chain polysaccharides of serotype O1 LPS contained a mixture of two structurally distinct D-galactan polymers. The repeating unit structures of these two polymers were identified as [----3)-beta-D-Galf-(1----3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1----] (D-galactan I) and [----3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1----3)-beta-D-Galp-(1----] (D-Galactan II). D-Galactan I polysaccharides were heterogeneous in size and were detected throughout the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) profile of O1 LPS. In contrast, D-galactan II was confined to the higher-molecular-weight region. The structures of the two D-galactans were not influenced by simultaneous synthesis of a capsular K antigen. Apparently, neither of the D-galactans constitutes a common antigen widespread in Klebsiella spp. as determined by immunochemical analysis. Examination of the LPSs in mutants indicated that expression of D-galactan I can occur independently of D-galactan II. Transconjugants of Escherichia coli K-12 strains carrying the his region of K. pneumoniae were constructed by chromosome mobilization with RP4::mini-Mu. In these transconjugants, the O antigen encoded by the his-linked rfb locus was determined to be D-galactan I, suggesting that genes involved in the expression of D-galactan II are not closely linked to the rfb cluster.  相似文献   

19.
Pandemic V. parahaemolyticus strains have rapidly changed their serotypes, but its determinants, especially K antigen, and the genes involved in serotype have been an open question. The purpose of this study was to gain insights into these points. Although V. parahaemolyticus is known to be lacking O-side chain on its lipopolysaccharide, and O antigens are thought to be represented by core OS, the genome sequence of V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strain RIMD2210633 suggests that this bacterium potentially synthesizes O-side chain. To explore possible relatedness between this O-side chain biosynthesis gene cluster, which is similar in the serotypes of Vibrio cholerae, and of V. parahaemolyticus, we amplified both core OS and O-side chain gene clusters of the strains belonging to various serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus by long PCR and performed PCR RFLP analyses. The results of our RFLP analyses suggest that the core OS biosynthesis gene cluster is related to the O antigens of pandemic V. parahaemolyticus and that the putative O-side chain gene cluster is related to K antigens of pandemic V. parahaemolyticus. We then determined the sequence of these regions of a pandemic O4:K68 strain, and compared it with the corresponding sequence of RIMD2210633. In addition, PCR analysis showed the putative O4 and K68 antigen gene clusters are unique to the strains belonging to the O4 and K68 serotype respectively. The data implies that the pandemic O4:K68 V. parahaemolyticus strain emerged from the pandemic O3:K6 strain by replacement of the putative O and K antigen gene clusters.  相似文献   

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