首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. 'Black Valentine' is a systemic host for the plant viruses Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) and bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). The Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis Mulsant, is a vector of SBMV and BPMV. Our objective was to determine if the interaction of SBMV and BPMV with 'Black Valentine' bean plants would affect beetle behavior and growth. In adult feeding preference test assays, beetles preferred and ingested more of the virus-infected bean leaf tissue than the noninfected leaf tissue. Beetle larvae that fed on SBMV- or BPMV-infected plants weighed more than those that fed on healthy plants. Our experiments suggest that there might be a mutually beneficial relationship between the beetle and the viruses that it vectors. The virus benefits from being transmitted and the beetle benefits from better larval growth when feeding on virus-infected leaf tissue. This study further demonstrates the complexity of relationships between multiple organisms.  相似文献   

2.
Yang  Xiangdong  Niu  Lu  Zhang  Wei  He  Hongli  Yang  Jing  Xing  Guojie  Guo  Dongquan  Zhao  Qianqian  Zhong  Xiaofang  Li  Haiyun  Li  Qiyun  Dong  Yingshan 《Transgenic research》2019,28(1):129-140

Viruses constitute a major constraint to soybean production worldwide and are responsible for significant yield losses every year. Although varying degrees of resistance to specific viral strains has been identified in some soybean genetic sources, the high rate of mutation in viral genomes and mixed infections of different viruses or strains under field conditions usually hinder the effective control of viral diseases. In the present study, we generated transgenic soybean lines constitutively expressing the double-strand RNA specific ribonuclease gene PAC1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe to evaluate their resistance responses to multiple soybean-infecting virus strains and isolates. Resistance evaluation over three consecutive years showed that the transgenic lines displayed significantly lower levels of disease severity in field conditions when challenged with soybean mosaic virus (SMV) SC3, a prevalent SMV strain in soybean-growing regions of China, compared to the non-transformed (NT) plants. After inoculation with four additional SMV strains (SC7, SC15, SC18, and SMV-R), and three isolates of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and bean pod mottle virus (BPMV), the transgenic plants exhibited less severe symptoms and enhanced resistance to virus infections relative to NT plants. Consistent with these results, the accumulation of each virus isolate was significantly inhibited in transgenic plants as confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Collectively, our results showed that overexpression of PAC1 can increase multiple virus resistance in transgenic soybean, and thus provide an efficient control strategy against RNA viruses such as SMV, BCMV, WMV, and BPMV.

  相似文献   

3.
根据已报道的菜豆荚斑驳病毒(Bean pod mottle virus,BPMV)外壳蛋白(Coat protein,CP)基因序列设计特异性引物,应用试管捕捉RT-PCR(Tube capture RT-PCR,TC-RT-PCR)技术对大豆种皮上的BPMV进行检测.结果表明,TC-RT-PCR方法能从携带BPMV的大豆种皮上扩增到预期大小的基因片段.将TC-RT-PGR扩增产物克隆测序后进行序列分析,结果显示扩增到的片段序列与BPMV的CP基因序列具有高度同源性,进一步证实了该方法的准确性.应用TC-RT-PCR方法,成功检测了一批进境大豆样品.本文建立的TC-RT-PCR方法,为大豆种子上BPMV的检测和诊断提供了一种新的参考方法.  相似文献   

4.
To better understand the naturally occurring host range of Bean pod mottle virus (family Comoviridae, genus Comovirus, BPMV) and its principal vector Cerotoma trifurcata (F?rster) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), 18 field-collected perennial plant species were tested for the presence of BPMV. By using no-choice assays, we determined the preference of these plants by bean leaf beetle, by measuring their level of herbivory relative to soybean, Glycine max (L.). New food hosts for adult bean leaf beetles include Lespedeza capitata (Michaux), Lotus corniculatus L., Trifolium alexandrinum L., Trifolium ambiguum Bieberstein, and Trifolium incarnatum L. Desmodium illinoense Gray is discovered as a new naturally occurring host for BPMV.  相似文献   

5.
Pathological and physiological responses associated with the host-microsymbiont interaction of soybeans (Glycine max‘Franklin’, ‘Dyer’, ‘Centennial’, ‘Marshall’, ‘Williams’, ‘Bedford’, and ‘Peking’), which were nodulated with Rhizobium japonicum (USDA strain 3I1b-110) and inoculated with bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in the greenhouse, varied with the cultivar and the substrate in which the plants were grown. In plants grown in a soil mixture, the virus significantly reduced canopy growth, nodulation, total N, and ureide-N content of most cultivars but symbiotic N2 fixation was significantly reduced only for ‘Centennial’ and ‘Peking’. In vermiculite, in which the plants depended almost exclusively on symbiotically fixed N,2, the virus reduced canopy and nodule mass of some cultivars but these reductions were significant only for ‘Franklin’. In plants grown in this substrate, however, the virus had little effect as increases or decreases in measured components of symbiotic N metabolism were nonsignificant except for the increase in leaf ureides in ‘Marshall’. Results suggest that in either soil or vermiculite the symbiotic process in certain soybean cultivars can function at nearly a normal level despite root noduleinfection with this virus.  相似文献   

6.
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important legume worldwide. The importance of pea in arable rotations and nutritional value for both human and animal consumption have fostered sustained production and different studies to improve agronomic traits of interest. Moreover, complete sequencing of the pea genome is currently underway and will lead to the identification of a large number of genes potentially associated with important agronomic traits. Because stable genetic transformation is laborious for pea, virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) appears as a powerful alternative technology for determining the function of unknown genes. In this work, we present a rapid and efficient viral inoculation method using DNA infectious plasmids of Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV)‐derived VIGS vector. Six pea genotypes with important genes controlling biotic and/or abiotic stresses were found susceptible to BPMV carrying a GFP reporter gene and showed fluorescence in both shoots and roots. In a second step, we investigated 37 additional pea genotypes and found that 30 were susceptible to BPMV and only 7 were resistant. The capacity of BPMV to induce silencing of endogenes was investigated in the most susceptible genotype using two visual reporter genes: PsPDS and PsKORRIGAN1 (PsKOR1) encoding PHYTOENE DESATURASE and a 1,4‐β‐D‐glucanase, respectively. The features of the ‘one‐step’ BPMV‐derived VIGS vector include (i) the ease of rub‐inoculation, without any need for biolistic or agro‐inoculation procedures, (ii) simple cost‐effective procedure and (iii) noninterference of viral symptoms with silencing. These features make BPMV the most adapted VIGS vector in pea to make low‐ to high‐throughput VIGS studies.  相似文献   

7.
Viral pathogens, such as soybean mosaic virus (SMV), are a major constraint in soybean production and often cause significant yield loss and quality deterioration. Engineering resistance by RNAi-mediated gene silencing is a powerful strategy for controlling viral diseases. In this study, a 248-bp inverted repeat of the replicase (nuclear inclusion b, NIb) gene was isolated from the SMV SC3 strain, driven by the leaf-specific rbcS2 promoter from Phaseolus vulgaris, and introduced into soybean. The transgenic lines had significantly lower average disease indices (ranging from 2.14 to 12.35) than did the non-transformed (NT) control plants in three consecutive generations, exhibiting a stable and significantly enhanced resistance to the SMV SC3 strain under field conditions. Furthermore, seed mottling did not occur in transgenic seeds, whereas the NT plants produced ~90% mottled seeds. Virus resistance spectrum screening showed that the greenhouse-grown transgenic lines exhibited robust resistance to five SMV strains (SC3, SC7, SC15, SC18, and a recombinant SMV), bean common mosaic virus, and watermelon mosaic virus. Nevertheless, no significantly enhanced resistance to bean pod mottle virus (BPMV, Comovirus) was observed in the transgenic lines relative to their NT counterparts. Consistent with the results of resistance evaluation, the accumulation of each potyvirid (but not of BPMV) was significantly inhibited in the transgenic plants relative to the NT controls as confirmed by quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR) and double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). These results demonstrate that robust RNAi-mediated resistance to multiple potyvirids in soybean was conferred by expressing an intron hairpin SMV NIb RNA.  相似文献   

8.
Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3)-catalyzed conversion of linoleic acid to linolenic acid (18:3) is an important step for the biosynthesis of fatty acids as well as the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) in plants. We report that silencing three microsomal isoforms of GmFAD3 enhanced the accumulation of Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in soybean. The GmFAD3-silenced plants also accumulated higher levels of JA, even though they contained slightly reduced levels of 18:3. Consequently, the GmFAD3-silenced plants expressed JA-responsive pathogenesis-related genes constitutively and exhibited enhanced susceptibility to virulent Pseudomonas syringae. Increased accumulation of BPMV in GmFAD3-silenced plants was likely associated with their JA levels, because exogenous JA application also increased BPMV accumulation. The JA-derived increase in BPMV levels was likely not due to repression of salicylic acid (SA)-derived signaling because the GmFAD3-silenced plants were enhanced in SA-dependent defenses. Furthermore, neither exogenous SA application nor silencing the SA-synthesizing phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene altered BPMV levels in soybean. In addition to the altered defense responses, the GmFAD3-silenced plants also produced significantly larger and heavier seed. Our results indicate that loss of GmFAD3 enhances JA accumulation and, thereby, susceptibility to BPMV in soybean.  相似文献   

9.
Many surveys were conducted during 2003–2005 to study the identity, prevalence and fluctuation of bean infecting viruses in northwestern Iran. In total, 649 bean samples with virus- like symptoms were collected and analysed by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and tissue-print immunoassay to detect infectious viruses. Serological tests revealed the presence of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Bean leaf roll virus (BLRV), Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) and Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV), with some co-infection occurred, with prevalence of BCMV, BCMNV and BYMV (17–29% infection rate). The incidence of viruses showed variation in over 3 years of research including more than double increase in CMV from 2004 to 2005 and obvious one-third decrease in AMV from 2003 to 2005. SBMV and BPMV were detected sporadically in the fields and the response of some differential test plants was analysed by mechanical inoculation. Western immunoblotting analysis of SBMV infected bean leaf total proteins using SBMV-specific polyclonal antibody revealed viral CP with molecular mass of 28.5 kDa which confirmed the presence of SBMV as a new threat for bean production.  相似文献   

10.
Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by the obligate fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi, often leads to significant yield losses and can only be managed through fungicide applications currently. In the present study, eight urediniospore germination or appressorium formation induced P. pachyrhizi genes were investigated for their feasibility to suppress ASR through a bean pod mottle virus (BPMV)-based host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) strategy. Soybean plants expressing three of these modified BPMV vectors suppressed the expression of their corresponding target gene by 45%–80%, fungal biomass accumulation by 58%–80%, and significantly reduced ASR symptom development in soybean leaves after the plants were inoculated with P. pachyrhizi, demonstrating that HIGS can be used to manage ASR. In addition, when the in vitro synthesized double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) for three of the genes encoding an acetyl-CoA acyltransferase, a 40S ribosomal protein S16, and glycine cleavage system H protein were sprayed directly onto detached soybean leaves prior to P. pachyrhizi inoculation, they also resulted in an average of over 73% reduction of pustule numbers and 75% reduction in P. pachyrhizi biomass accumulation on the detached leaves compared to the controls. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of suppressing P. pachyrhizi infection in soybean through both HIGS and spray-induced gene silencing. It was demonstrated that either HIGS constructs targeting P. pachyrhizi genes or direct dsRNA spray application could be an effective strategy for reducing ASR development on soybean.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号