Determination of methionine sulfoxide in protein and food by hydrolysis with p-toluenesulfonic acid

Methionine sulfoxide in peptides and proteins was determined by use of 3 N p-toluenesulfonic acid as a hydrolyzing agent. Samples were hydrolyzed at 110 degrees C for 22 h in an evacuated sealed tube and analyzed for amino acid content. Amino acid analysis showed that the recovery of methionine sulfoxide from a synthetic peptide and its mixture with proteins was consistently better than 90%. The recovery of all other amino acids except tryptophan was complete, and was similar to that observed after hydrolysis with 6 N HCl. The presence of carbohydrates had no effect on the yield. Thus, the present procedure can be used for general and simultaneous determination of methionine sulfoxide as well as other amino acids in proteins.     

One-flask synthesis of triacetalated aldohexoses with 2,2-dialkoxypropane and p-toluenesulfonic acid

2-Deoxy-d-arabino-hexose and some N-protected 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose derivatives were each treated with 2,2-dimethoxy- or 2,2-dibenzyloxy-propane in 1,4-dioxane in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid at 60–70°. The major products were acyclic, dimethyl and dibenzyl acetals of 2-deoxy-3,4:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-aldehydo-d-arabino-hexose or of N-protected 2-amino-2-deoxy-3,4:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-aldehydo-d-glucose. Some of the dibenzyl acetals were converted into the corresponding 3,4:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-aldehydo-d-hexoses in good yield.     

复合氨基酸注射液中L-色氨酸含量测定方法的研究

利用色氨酸结构中的吲哚基团在酸性条件下与对二甲氨基苯甲醛的特殊反应 ,在 6 10nm处测定复合氨基酸注射液中L 色氨酸的含量 ,获得满意的结果     

Modification of tryptophan and tryptophan residues in proteins by reactive nitrogen species.

Formation of 3-nitrotyrosine by the reaction between reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and tyrosine residues in proteins has been analyzed extensively and it is used widely as a biomarker of pathophysiological and physiological conditions mediated by RNS. In contrast, few studies on the nitration of tryptophan have been reported. This review provides an overview of the studies on tryptophan modifications by RNS and points out the possible importance of its modification in pathophysiological and physiological conditions. Free tryptophan can be modified to several nitrated products (1-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-), 1-N-nitroso product, and several oxidized products by reaction with various RNS, depending on the conditions used. Among them, 1-N-nitrosotryptophan and 6-nitrotryptophan (6-NO(2)Trp) have been found as the abundant products in the reaction with peroxynitrite, and 6-NO(2)Trp has been the most abundant product in the reaction with the peroxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite systems. 6-NO(2)Trp has also been observed as the most abundant nitrated product of the reactions between peroxynitrite or myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite and tryptophan residues both in human Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and in bovine serum albumin, as well as the reaction of peroxynitrite with myoglobin and hemoglobin. Several oxidized products have also been identified in the modified Cu,Zn-SOD. However, no 1-N-nitrosotryptophan and 1-N-nitrotryptophan has been observed in the proteins reacted with peroxynitrite or the myeloperoxidase/H(2)O(2)/nitrite system. The modification of tryptophan residues in proteins may occur at a more limited number of sites in vivo than that of tyrosine residues, since tryptophan residues are more buried inside proteins and exist less frequently in proteins, generally. However, surface-exposed tryptophan residues tend to participate in the interaction with the other molecules, therefore the modification of those tryptophans may result in modulation of the specific interaction of proteins and enzymes with other molecules.