共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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厌氧生物处理技术因其具有有机负荷高、污泥产量低、能耗低等优点被广泛应用于各种废水处理中。厌氧颗粒污泥具有沉降性能好、微生物浓度高、有机负荷高等优点,极大地提高了废水处理效率。尤其在处理含高氨氮废水中,厌氧颗粒污泥的形成对反应器的高效生物脱氮至关重要。但到目前为止,厌氧反应器中的颗粒污泥形成及废水处理效果还缺乏系统的认识。鉴于此,总结了厌氧反应器中颗粒污泥的形成机制,分析了影响厌氧反应器中颗粒污泥形成的因素,论述了厌氧反应器中厌氧颗粒污泥生长的模拟,最后介绍了厌氧颗粒污泥在国内外的主流应用。厌氧反应器中颗粒污泥的形成是综合因素影响的结果,对影响厌氧颗粒污泥形成的每个因素都需要认真对待,可为在厌氧反应器中颗粒污泥的培育和应用提供理论指导和技术支撑。 相似文献
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厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥聚集机制研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,anammox)工艺被认为是当前污水生物脱氮领域最经济的处理工艺,有利于实现污水处理厂的能源自给。厌氧氨氧化菌是该工艺的核心功能微生物。以厌氧氨氧化菌为主导微生物形成的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥具有沉速大、污泥持留能力强及对不利环境抵抗能力强等突出优势,是实现厌氧氨氧化工艺最有前景的污泥形态。本论文围绕厌氧氨氧化颗粒,介绍了厌氧氨氧化菌的特性、种类及代谢途径,综述了厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的形成假说及与厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥聚集密切相关的胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substance,EPS)和群体感应研究现状,并对今后厌氧氨氧化颗粒的研究进行了展望,以期为后续厌氧氨氧化颗粒的研究及厌氧氨氧化颗粒工艺的优化提供参考。 相似文献
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厌氧颗粒污泥(anaerobicgranularsludge,AnGS)是由多种功能微生物组成的自固定化聚集体,具有容积负荷高、工艺简单、剩余污泥产量低等优点,在废水处理领域中显示出巨大的技术和经济潜力,被认为是一种很有前景的低碳废水处理工艺。本文系统总结了近年来厌氧颗粒污泥微生物结构和功能的研究成果,从微生物学角度讨论了厌氧颗粒污泥形成及稳定的影响因素,并对今后厌氧颗粒污泥的研究进行了展望,以期为后续厌氧颗粒污泥技术的深入研究和实际工程应用提供参考。 相似文献
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UASB系统启动过程中颗粒污泥形成全过程的机理性分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
UASB系统启动过程中颗粒污泥形成全过程的机理性分析谢汉方,苏希(辽宁省环境保护科学研究所,沈阳110031)上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)作为高负荷厌氧反应器已得到公认,该反应器中培育成的颗粒污泥对提高处理效能极为有效。因此,育成颗粒污泥便成为启动过... 相似文献
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以厌氧颗粒污泥作为接种物,通过185 d的运行,成功启动了上流式厌氧氨氧化污泥床(Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket,UASB)反应器。反应器的进水氨氮与亚硝氮浓度分别提升至224 mg/L和255 mg/L,容积氮去除速率提升至3.76 kg/(m3·d)。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜和透射电镜等对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的性状进行观察,发现颗粒污泥在启动过程中经历了污泥颗粒裂解到污泥颗粒重组的过程,且厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥表面含有丰富的官能团,说明厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥可能具有良好的吸附性能。采用宏基因组测序的方法对启动前后颗粒污泥的生态结构进行分析,发现原接种污泥优势菌群(变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门)丰度大幅减少,厌氧氨氧化菌所属的浮霉状菌门丰度则由1.59%提升到23.24%。 相似文献
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添加导电碳颗粒能够促进厌氧消化过程稳定性、底物降解率以及产沼气品质的同步提高。本文总结了以活性炭和生物炭为代表的导电碳颗粒对城市污泥厌氧消化的影响,探讨了导电碳颗粒促进城市污泥厌氧消化的机理,阐述了导电碳颗粒介导的微生物直接种间电子传递(Directinterspecies electrontransfer,DIET)在强化污泥厌氧消化中的作用机制,分析了复杂厌氧消化体系中微生物DIET互营关系的研究现状,同时对导电碳颗粒的物理化学特性及其对污泥厌氧消化产甲烷的影响进行了分析,最后对未来导电碳颗粒促进城市污泥厌氧消化的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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厌氧颗粒污泥的超微结构分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:通过透射电镜对厌氧污泥颗粒内部结构进行系统的分析,研究其中微生物的生态情况及分布特征。方法:对颗粒的表面、1/3、1/2等特征部位处进行超薄切片,在透射电镜下观察并分析。结果:厌氧颗粒污泥由多种微生物但主要是丝状菌、杆状菌和球状菌组成。这些菌群整体上以混栖分布的形式存在,菌体密度从外向内看由密变疏,呈递减式的梯度分布。结论:厌氧颗粒污泥是一个微生态系统,不同类型的细菌种群在系统中相互依存,形成互营共生体系,有利于细菌对有机物的降解。透射电镜下对于污泥颗粒内不同层面中的菌群生态及分布情况的观察非常直观,十分有利于了解各菌群之间的生态关系。因此,采用透射电镜技术是研究厌氧污泥颗粒一种好方法。 相似文献
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《Biochemical Engineering Journal》2008,40(3):538-546
The performance of native and heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge in removing of malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution was investigated with different conditions, such as pH, ionic strength, initial concentration and temperature. The maximum biosorption was both observed at pH 5.0 on the native and heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge. The ionic strength had negative effect on MG removal. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption process followed pseudo-second-order and qe for native and heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge is 61.73 and 59.17 mg/g at initial concentration 150 mg/L, respectively. Intraparticle diffusion model could well illuminate adsorption process and faster adsorption rate of native anaerobic granular sludge than heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge. The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich model, and well fitted Langmuir model. The negative values of ΔG° and ΔH° suggested that the interaction of MG adsorbed by native and heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge was spontaneous and exothermic. Desorption studies revealed that MG could be well removed from anaerobic granular sludge by 1% (v/v) of HCl–alcohol solution. 相似文献
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Anaerobic granulation technology for wastewater treatment 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Liu Yu Xu Hai-Lou Show Kuan-Yeow Tay Joo-Hwa 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2002,18(2):99-113
Anaerobic wastewater treatment using granular sludge reactors is a developing technology, in which granular sludge is the core component. So far, around 900 anaerobic granular sludge units have been operated worldwide. Although intensive research attention has been given to anaerobic granules in the past 20 years, the mechanisms responsible for anaerobic granulation and the strategy of how to expedite substantially the formation of granular sludge have not yet been completely clear. This paper reviews the mode of anaerobic granulation, including the mechanisms and models for anaerobic granulation, major factors influencing anaerobic granulation, characteristics of anaerobic granules, anaerobic granulation in other types of reactors, industrial application of anaerobic granulation technology and neural fuzzy model-based control strategy developed for anaerobic systems. Some approaches for future research are outlined. 相似文献
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《Biochemical Engineering Journal》2009,44(3):231-238
The rheological properties of anaerobic granular sludge samples from four full-scale and one lab-scale anaerobic bioreactors were characterized by determining their “limit viscosity” values. These values were deducted from the evolution of the apparent viscosity of granular sludge samples (20 mL) at steady shear rate (200 s−1) recorded using rotation tests with a wings type measurement cell stirrer Anton-Parr reference: ST24-1D/2V-Q0. The limit viscosity values depended on the applied shear rate, indicating a non-Newtonian behavior of the anaerobic granular sludge types investigated. The effect of variations of physico-chemical parameters such as pH (involving surface charge change), size, surface roughness and TSS content on the evolution of the limit viscosity of an anaerobic granular sludge suspension was investigated. This showed the importance of both quantitative (number of particles in a given volume) as well as qualitative (surface charge or shape) granule-granule interactions on this rheological parameter. Moreover, the origin of the granular sludge strongly influenced the limit viscosity value according with different granules characteristics. This work confirms the ability of the rheological parameter “limit viscosity” as an overall parameter to describe the physico-chemical characteristics (TSS, granulometry, origin, and charge) of anaerobic granular sludge and showed this holds for both sieved (500 μm) and unsieved sludges. 相似文献
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Anaerobic Granular Sludge Bioreactor Technology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
McHugh Sharon O'Reilly Caroline Mahony Thérèse Colleran Emer O'Flaherty Vincent 《Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology》2003,2(2-4):225-245
Anaerobic digestion is a mature wastewater treatment technology, with worldwide application. The predominantly applied bioreactor designs, such as the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket and expanded granular sludge bed, are based on the spontaneous formation of granular sludge. Despite the exploitation of granular reactors at full-scale for more than two decades, the mechanisms of granulation are not completely understood and numerous theories have been put forward to describe the process from a biological, ecological and engineering point of view. New technological opportunities are emerging for anaerobic digestion, aided by an improved understanding of microbiological and environmental factors affecting the formation and activity of anaerobic granular sludge. 相似文献
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In order to understand the fate of PCP in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) more completely, the sorption and
biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by anaerobic sludge granules were investigated. The anaerobic granular sludge degrading
PCP was formed in UASB reactor, which was seeded with anaerobic sludge acclimated by chlorophenols. At the hydraulic retention
time (HRT) of 20–22 h, and PCP loading rate of 200–220 mg l−1 d−1, UASB reactor exhibited good performance in treating wastewater which containing 170–180 mg l−1 PCP and the PCP removal rate of 99.5% was achieved. Sequential appearance of tetra-, tri-, di-, and mono-chlorophenol was
observed in the reactor effluent after 20 mg l−1 PCP introduction. Sorption and desorption of PCP on the anaerobic sludge granules were all fitted to the Freundlich isotherm
equation. Sorption of PCP was partly irreversible. The Freundlich equation could describe the behavior of PCP amount sorbed
by granular sludge in anaerobic reactor reasonably well. The results demonstrated that the main mechanism leading to removal
of PCP on anaerobic granular sludge was biodegradation, not sorption or volatization. 相似文献
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Hydrophobicities and Electrophoretic Mobilities of Anaerobic Bacterial Isolates from Methanogenic Granular Sludge 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
J. T. C. Grotenhuis C. M. Plugge A. J. M. Stams A. J. B. Zehnder 《Applied microbiology》1992,58(3):1054-1056
The hydrophobicities and electrophoretic mobilities of isolates from methanogenic anaerobic granular sludge were measured and compared with those of strains from culture collections. All new isolates were highly hydrophobic, indicating that the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor concept selects for hydrophobic bacteria. Methanothrix soehngenii, a methanogen often observed in methanogenic granular sludge, was highly hydrophobic and showed low electrophoretic mobility at pH 7. The role of this strain in the formation of methanogenic granular sludge is discussed. 相似文献
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