山东聊城地区阿城镇煤田二叠纪孢粉组合

对山东聊城阿城镇煤田A19-6、A20-6、L104钻孔岩石样品进行了分析,发现从太原组中上部到上石盒子组地层中均有大量孢粉化石保存,经分析鉴定和统计,共有孢粉化石53个属168种及部分未定种.根据孢粉属种的纵向分布情况及含量的变化,在本区二叠系建立了4个孢粉组合,自上而下为:Ⅳ.Triquitrtites microgranifer-Macrotorispora media组合带;Ⅲ.Limitisporires rhombicorpus -Patellisporites meishanenisis组合带;Ⅱ.Gulisporites cochlearius-Sinulatis porites sinensis组合带;Ⅰ.Thymospora pseudothiessenii-Laevogatisporites vulgaris组合带.通过与邻区及华北部分地区对比,确定本区孢粉组合所在的地质时代应为:太原组中上部,早二叠世早期(组合Ⅰ);山西组,早二叠世中期(组合Ⅱ);下石盒子组,早二叠世晚期(组合Ⅲ);上石盒子组,晚二叠世早期(组合Ⅳ).     

波环孢属(Sinulatis porites)在华北地区的时空分布及其地层学意义

对鲁西晚古生代含煤岩系以及华北各地石炭、二叠系孢粉组合中已经发现的Sinulatisporites一属的时空分布进行详细研究,结果表明：其时空分布仅限于华夏植物区的北方亚区,在时间上始于早二叠世早期(太原组),灭绝于中二叠世中、晚期,可视为鲁西乃至华北地区早二叠世晚期、中二叠世早期中期华夏植物区北方亚区的典型分子。其母体植物可能为一种喜湿热的真蕨植物或种子蕨植物。该属产出层位稳定,延续时间较短,在月门沟统山西组、石盒子统下石盒子组含量丰富,又常产出于月门沟统山西组的主要含煤岩段及其上部石盒子统下石盒子组的砂、泥岩段,故可作为二叠系划分和对比煤层的重要依据。     

新疆准噶尔盆地芳3井晚白垩世孢粉组合的发现及其地质意义

准噶尔盆地腹部芳3井紫泥泉子组所夹灰色泥岩中产丰富的盘星藻、葡萄藻等藻类、疑源类化石及一定数量的孢粉化石。孢粉化石计75属160种,并首次在新疆地区发现了可靠的鹰粉型化石Aquilapollenites以及在我国主要产于松辽盆地和广东三水盆地上白垩统的“大孢子”化石Balmeisporites,建立Schizaeoisporites grandus-Parcisporites parvisaccus-Liliacidites creticus(GPC)组合。通过对部分孢粉属种已知地质分布的分析以及与国内外部分地区晚白垩世孢粉组合的对比,将GPC组合的时代确定为晚白垩世坎潘期至马斯特里赫特期。根据紫泥泉子组的沉积特点及孢粉组合特征,认为晚白垩世准噶尔盆地应归属西北-东南孢粉植物区,局部层段沉积时期气候比较湿润,孢粉组合具有我国东北孢粉植物区与西北-东南孢粉植物区的过渡特点。     

鲁西地区二叠系上、下石盒子组孢粉组合及其分界

为解决鲁西地区上、下石盒子组分界问题,在相关地层共采集处理孢粉样品100多块,经系统研究建立本区上、下石盒子组两个孢粉组合,自下而上为：1)Sinulatisporites sinensis-Patellisporites meishanensis组合;2)Anticapipollis reticor pus-Macrotorispora gigantea组合。根据所建立的孢粉组合特征,经与华北各地二叠系孢粉组合广泛对比,进一步阐述各孢粉组合的地质时代,并为本区二叠系上、下石盒子组的分界提出了较为可靠的意见。该界线与区内中期华夏植物群晚期和晚期华夏植物群早期植物群界线基本一致。     

塔里木盆地北缘三叠纪孢粉组合

研究区发现孢粉化石９０属１９７种,藻类化石２属４种,疑源类２属２种。建立三叠纪的孢粉组合序列,并详细地讨论了各个组合的地质时代。根据孢粉组合反映的植物群面貌,探讨盆地北缘三叠纪的古植被和古气候。     

甘肃玉门旱峡早白垩世孢粉组合

本文研究了甘肃玉门旱峡沟口剖面下沟组,中沟组的孢粉化石,共鉴定孢粉３７属５３种;藻类化石２属２种。根据上孢粉化石建立了Ｃｉｃａｔｒｉｃｏｓｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｓｃｈｉｚａｅｏｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｌａｓｓｏｐｏｌｌｉｓ－Ｊｉａｏｈｅｐｏｌｌｉｓ组合,包括下亚组合,包括下晋组合（下沟组）和上亚组合（中沟组）。鉴定组合地质时代为Ｈａｕｔｅｒｉｖ－ｉａｎ－Ｂａｒｒｅｍｉａｎ。推测气候属于温暖湿润的亚热带     

从孢粉组合论证松辽盆地泉头组的地质时代及上、下白垩统界线

松辽盆地发育我国最好的白垩纪地层,岩石地层系统早已确立,但年代地层系统仍存不少争议。泉头组时代的确定是解决盆地内上,下白垩统界线的关键。泉头组上部孢粉化石丰富,孢粉组合以频繁出现Quanto nenpollenites crassatus,及Schizaeoisporites,Asterisporites,Foraminisporis,Cibotiidites等属孢子,Quantonenpollenites tarimensis及被子植物花粉Cranwellia,Scollardia,Lythraties,Xinjiangpollis等少量出现为主要特征,与塔里木盆地库克拜组上段的孢粉组合可以比较,时代应为土仑期,泉头组为一套连续沉积,与其下的登楼库组（阿尔必期）为平行不整合关系,泉头组下部的孢粉组合中被子植物花粉的分异度尚低,但已有相当含量（最高达30．3％）,可与塔里木盆地库克拜组中,下段的孢粉组合比较,时代为赛诺曼期,孢粉化石的研究表明,松辽盆地上,下白垩统的界线应在泉头组的底界,即泉头组与登楼库组之间,而不是在泉头组的顶界,文内描述1新种：Interulobites radialimbosus sp.nov.,5新组合：Neoraistrickia rareuverrucosa(Chlonova)comb.nov.,Asterisporites montanensis(Tschudy)comb.nov.,Cranwellia striatella(Mtschedllishvili)comb.nov.,Quantonenpollenites causea(Stover)comb.nov.,Quantonenpollenistes tarimensis(Zhoang et Zhan)comb.nov,并修订了Yichangsporites和Quantonpollenites属的特征。     

民和盆地早白垩世晚期的孢粉组合

民和盆地的甘肃兰州柴家台地区,下白垩统河口组上亚组含有较丰富的孢粉化石。上亚组上部是以Ｓｃｈｉｚａｅｏｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｉｃａｔｒｉｃｏｓｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ为代表的孢粉组合,并可划分出上下两个亚组合,分别以Ｃｌａｓｓｏｐｏｌｌｉｓ－Ｓｃｈｉｚａｅｏｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ和Ｐｉｃｅａｐｏｌｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｉｃａｔｒｉｃｏｓｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ来表示。通过对主要孢粉属种地史分布规律的分析和与国内外各地同时代孢粉组合的对比,认为其地质时代是早白垩世晚期的Ａｐｔｉａｎ－Ａｌｂｉａｎ 期,上部的第二亚组合可能更晚,为Ａｌｂｉａｎ 期;孢粉化石产出的这段地层是迄今民和盆地所发现的下白垩统最高的层位     

松辽盆地深层早白垩世孢粉组合研究

系统研究了松辽盆地深层的孢粉组合,描述了４属５新种。根据孢粉化石纵向上的变化规律,自下而上划分为７个孢粉组合,并根据孢粉组合特征,比较详细地讨论了松辽盆地深层地层的时代,认为火石岭组的时代为早白垩世别里阿斯期（也有可能属于晚侏罗世提堂期）,沙河子组的时代为早白垩世凡兰吟至戈列夫期,营城组的时代为巴列姆期,登娄库组的时代为巴列姆至阿尔必早期,另外,还根据孢粉组合反映的植物群面貌,对其所属的孢粉植物区     

辽西义县组孢粉植物群指示的古气候条件

迄今为止,在辽西北票义县地区的下白垩统义县组二段沉积层中,已发现孢粉化石62属,82种,藻类化石3种。本文对产于不同地点沉积层中的孢粉化石进行了系统研究和总结。根据孢粉母体植物形态和生态特征、生长的气候环境和干湿度环境,对义县组二段的孢粉植物群进行了植被类型、气候带类型和干湿度类型的统计和划分,认为义县组二段沉积时期,其孢粉植被类型为针叶林,所处的气候环境为湿润的亚热带一暖温带。由于植被成分中存在落叶阔叶植物和旱生植物,推测气候环境存在季节性变化,间有干旱一半干旱气候条件。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).