青海湖区芨芨草草原土壤养分对翻耕和补播措施的响应

为探究翻耕和补播导致高寒草原土壤养分垂直分布特征变化,以青藏高原青海湖区芨芨草(Achnather?um splendens)草原为实验对象,分析1958年翻耕和1990年补播两种不同的草地恢复措施对高寒草原土壤养分含量及分布特征(0~10,10~20,20~30,30~40,40~60 cm)的影响。结果表明:翻耕、补播措施下土壤有机碳和全钾含量均显著高于原生芨芨草样地(P<0.05),而不利于土壤全氮含量的恢复,两种扰动均有利于芨芨草草原土壤浅层(0~10 cm)速效磷、有机碳养分富集;翻耕后土壤有机碳、全氮和速效钾均随土层深度的增加而降低(P<0.05),全磷、全钾及土壤pH、容重在各土层间差异不显著。相比对照样地,补播导致各土层速效氮养分显著降低(P<0.01),但翻耕和补播扰动均使土壤全钾含量显著升高,深层土(40~60 cm)全氮(TN)含量显著降低(P<0.05);对照原生芨芨草样地,补播后土壤全氮与全磷含量出现显著正相关关系(P<0.05),而翻耕措施导致原有的速效磷与速效氮二者相关性不显著,两种措施均引起土壤养分与容重之间负相关性。翻耕、补播后土壤pH显著降低,扰动使土壤理化性质改变,以及表层速效养分汇集于浅层土壤,将加快土壤养分的周转,输出量增加促进了地上植被恢复,除全钾含量外,以上两种措施引起不同土层全量养分的恢复是一个极其缓慢过程。     

羊草草原暗栗钙土土壤养分含量与动态

羊草草原暗栗钙土是发育在沙黄土母质,矿物风化释放多种矿质营养。羊草草原植物群落的残体给土壤有机质提供大量来源。土壤养分的含量多集中在0—10厘米土层,下层含量较少。无机氮占全氮1—2%,速效磷占全磷0.1—0.2%,速效磷含量少。土壤养分含量属于中等肥沃性质的。     

高原鼢鼠扰动及恢复年限对高寒草甸土壤养分和微生物功能多样性的影响

为了研究高原鼢鼠扰动后退化高寒草甸恢复演替的动态过程,利用常规实验室分析方法和Biolog-ECO生态板法对青藏高原东缘高寒草甸土壤养分和微生物功能多样性进行分析.结果表明: 高原鼢鼠扰动显著降低了土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮和速效磷含量,对土壤全磷和全钾含量无显著影响;在一定植被恢复年限内,土壤微生物的碳源利用率、Shannon、Pielou和McIntosh指数随着植被恢复年限的增加而升高;主成分分析表明,碳水化合物和氨基酸是土壤微生物利用的主要碳源类型;冗余分析表明,土壤pH、有机质、全氮、速效氮和全钾是影响土壤微生物代谢活性和功能多样性的主要因子.不同植被恢复年限土壤微生物功能多样性的变化可能是对地上植被、土壤微生物群落组成和土壤养分变化的响应.     

新疆墨玉不同治沙工程措施对土壤肥力的影响

在新疆墨玉县沙漠地区,设置4种治沙工程并比较了不同治沙工程措施培育土壤的效果。结果表明:不同治沙工程区土壤pH值和养分存在差异,pH值的大小顺序为天然稀疏植被封育区草方格固沙-人工林区人工林区多种植物配置区,且天然稀疏植被封育区土壤pH值显著高于其他3个工程区(P0.05);植物的定植时间影响了土壤养分,定植3年的人工林地土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾含量高于定植不久的草方格固沙-人工林地;多种植物配置区土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、全磷和全钾含量都高于人工林区、草方格固沙-人工林区和天然稀疏植被封育区,但土壤速效磷和速效钾含量较其他工程区低,在该工程区应加强磷肥、钾肥的施用。     

库布齐沙漠不同人工固沙灌木林土壤微生物量与土壤养分特征

在库布齐沙漠东段选取人工油蒿+杨柴半灌木混交林、人工柠条锦鸡儿灌木林和人工沙柳灌木林3种人工固沙灌木林为对象,以流动沙地为对照,研究了不同人工固沙灌木林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮、土壤微生物数量、土壤养分变化特征及其相互间的关系,并运用综合指数法对不同人工固沙灌木林的土壤恢复效果进行评价.结果表明: 与流动沙地相比,3种人工固沙灌木林土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷含量均有不同程度的提高,表现为油蒿+杨柴林地＞柠条锦鸡儿林地＞沙柳林地,且均随土层加深而依次降低;3种人工固沙灌木林土壤微生物数量、微生物生物量碳和氮均较流动沙地有不同程度的提高,油蒿+杨柴林地土壤微生物生物量碳氮和细菌相对数量高于柠条锦鸡儿林地和沙柳林地,而真菌与放线菌相对数量则表现为柠条锦鸡儿林地＞沙柳林地＞油蒿+杨柴林地;影响3种人工固沙灌木林土壤细菌相对数量、微生物生物量碳和氮的因素是土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷含量及C/N,而放线菌、真菌相对数量主要受土壤全磷、速效氮和速效磷含量的影响;不同人工固沙灌木林土壤质量排序为:油蒿+杨柴林地＞柠条锦鸡儿林地＞沙柳林地＞流动沙地,表明不同人工固沙灌木林的建植均能提高沙漠土壤质量,其中营造油蒿+杨柴半灌木混交林对提高土壤综合质量效果最好.     

西南峡谷型喀斯特坡地土壤养分的空间变异特征

基于网格(20 m×20 m)取样,采用经典统计学和地统计学方法,研究了西南峡谷型喀斯特坡地土壤养分的空间异质性和分布格局.结果表明:峡谷型喀斯特坡地土壤养分含量为中等和强变异,变异性大小顺序为:速效磷全钾有机质碱解氮全氮全磷速效钾,pH值表现为弱变异,有机质表现为中等程度的变异;不同土壤养分具有良好的空间自相关性,其自相关函数均表现出由正相关向负相关方向发展,拐点为80~100 m,其中全钾和速效磷的Moran I较小,其他指标较大;不同土壤养分的空间变异特征不同,全钾和速效磷最佳拟合模型为指数模型,块金值与基台值的比值[C0/(C0+C)]和变程(A)很小,分形维数(D)较高,空间相关性强烈;其他土壤养分指标的最佳拟合模型均为球状模型,C0/(C0+C)、A和D均呈中等程度的空间相关;Kriging分析表明,pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷和碱解氮呈凹型分布,速效磷和速效钾呈斑块状分布.植被、地形、人为干扰和高异质性的微生境是造成峡谷型喀斯特坡地土壤养分格局差异的主要因素.     

陇中黄土区坡面整地和植被类型对土壤化学性状的影响

合理的坡面整地和人工植被恢复能够改善土壤状况,进而促进植被生长和生境改善。在半干旱黄土高原地区,研究不同植被类型和整地方式下的土壤属性变化规律,对于揭示整地-植被-土壤之间的相互作用机制有重要意义。基于外业采样和室内测定的方法,测定了样品的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷和酸碱度,对比和分析黄土高原小流域不同整地方式和植被类型下的土壤养分特征。结果表明:(1)土壤养分变化的总体规律是明显的表聚性,土壤养分含量随土层的增加而减少,0—1m养分平均含量只有表层含量的43.1%—86.8%,除此之外全磷、全钾养分含量还具有波动性、富集性等特点;(2)整地和植被类型对土壤养分的影响:整地方式下养分含量依次为:水平沟、水平阶鱼鳞坑反坡台,植被类型养分对比结果:柠条油松山杏侧柏,同时发现整地方式对速效养分的影响较大,而植被恢复对全量养分的影响占主导优势;(3)植被对不同土壤养分的吸收利用响应:分析植被的养分利用特点,发现侧柏对磷素的消耗较大,柠条对钾素的消耗较大,并且发现有机质含量存在波动层、渐变层和稳定层等分布特征。     

桂西北喀斯特峰丛洼地表层土壤养分时空分异特征

本文运用传统统计方法研究了典型喀斯特峰丛洼地4个植被演替阶段(草地、灌木林、次生林、原生林)表层(0—15 cm)土壤养分的空间分异特征,并分析其成因。结果表明：(1)不同植被演替阶段土壤养分（有机碳、全氮、碳氮比、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾）及pH值有明显差异（P<0.05）;除全钾外,其他养分含量均随植被正向演替而增加。(2)地貌部位对养分含量的影响不尽一致：各植被演替阶段的磷、钾及原生林的碳氮均符合养分的“洼积效应”,只有受人为干扰较强的草地、灌木林、次生林的碳氮养分存在随坡位升高而增加的现象。通过本研究得知,植被演替对养分积累具有积极作用;磷素（速效磷3.55—11.41 mg/kg）、钾素（速效钾64.05—105.75 mg/kg）是该区域的养分限制性因子;该区域养分的“倒置现象”并不普遍存在。     

毛乌素沙地南缘沙漠化临界区域土壤养分的空间异质性

毛乌素沙地南缘沙漠化临界区域是沙地-草地景观界面的关键部位,研究该区域土壤养分的空间格局和生态学过程,对于土地沙漠化的机理研究具有重要的意义。采用经典统计与地统计学相结合的方法,通过半变异函数及其模型、克里格局部插值估计、空间分布图等研究了毛乌素沙地南缘沙漠化临界区域土壤养分的空间异质性特征。结果表明:研究区土壤速效钾含量符合球状模型,全氮和速效磷含量符合指数模型;速效钾含量具有强空间自相关性,其结构方差比为0.882,而全氮和速效磷含量表现为中等程度的空间自相关性,其结构方差比分别为0.501和0.514;3种土壤养分空间自相关距离存在差异,其中全氮和速效钾的变程均为511m,而速效磷的变程为143m;3种土壤养分的分布格局呈现明显的空间规律性,从牛枝子群落到黑沙蒿群落,速效钾和速效磷含量先降低后升高,与研究区的界面变化过程一致,而全氮含量逐渐降低,与研究区的植被覆盖度变化一致;3种土壤养分的标准差都较小,Kriging插值结果比较可靠。     

荒漠草原不同植被微斑块土壤粒径分布分形特征与养分的关系

采集宁夏中部干旱带荒漠草原4种植被(猪毛蒿、甘草、苦豆子、草木樨状黄芪)微斑块土壤剖面3个层次土壤,测定了各微斑块土壤颗粒粒级分布、有机质、pH值、土壤电导率(EC)、全氮、全磷和全钾等理化性质,探讨了不同植被微斑块土壤粒径分布的分形维数(D)特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系.结果表明:斑块化植被分布可影响土壤粒径分布,其影响作用以草木樨状黄芪微斑块最大(D=2.51),甘草微斑块最低(D=2.46);分形维数与黏粒、粉粒含量呈显著正相关,而与砂粒含量呈显著负相关;土壤粒径分布分形维数与pH和EC呈显著正相关,与有机质和全氮含量呈显著负相关,与全磷和全钾含量无显著相关关系.斑块化植被分布有潜在土地盐碱化和土地退化的趋势.     

高寒矮嵩草群落退化演替系列氮、磷生态化学计量学特征

运用历史资料与实地调查相结合的方法,以多元数量统计为手段确定采样地点,以空间尺度代替时间尺度,确定演替系列,以生态化学计量学为基础探讨了高寒矮嵩草草甸退化演替系列氮(N)磷(P)含量及化学计量学特征,发现:1)高寒矮嵩草草甸土壤全量N、P含量随退化演替程度的加深而呈倒"V"字形变化趋势,速效N、P含量随退化程度的加深呈降低趋势,但土壤草甸全量及速效N/P化学计量学特征则呈现降低趋势;2)地上植物N/P化学计量学特征在整个退化演替过程没有明显的差异。说明高寒矮嵩草群落退化改变了土壤中全量及速效N、P的积累和分解速率,打破了土壤系统养分平衡模式,但并没有明显改变植物地上部分整体的N/P化学计量学特征,因此在退化演替过程中植物N/P比为草地退化诊断的惰性指标;土壤N/P化学计量学特征变化同草地退化演替过程具有较好的同步性,其对草地退化演替的敏感性较高,有可能成为未来草地退化诊断的生态指示指标。     

Rhizome Severing Increases Root Lifespan of Leymus chinensis in a Typical Steppe of Inner Mongolia

Background

Root lifespan is an important trait that determines plants'' ability to acquire and conserve soil resources. There have been several studies investigating characteristics of root lifespan of both woody and herbaceous species. However, most of the studies have focused on non-clonal plants, and there have been little data on root lifespan for clonal plants that occur widely in temperate grasslands.

Methodology/Principal Findings

We investigated the effects of rhizome severing on overall root lifespan of Leymus chinensis, a clonal, dominant grass species in the temperate steppe in northern China, in a 2-year field study using modified rhizotron technique. More specifically, we investigated the effects of rhizome severing on root lifespan of roots born in different seasons and distributed at different soil depths. Rhizome severing led to an increase in the overall root lifespan from 81 to 103 days. The increase in root lifespan exhibited spatial and temporal characteristics such that it increased lifespan for roots distributed in the top two soil layers and for roots born in summer and spring, but it had no effect on lifespan of roots in the deep soil layer and born in autumn. We also examined the effect of rhizome severing on carbohydrate and N contents in roots, and found that root carbohydrate and N contents were not affected by rhizome severing. Further, we found that root lifespan of Stipa krylovii and Artemisia frigida, two dominant, non-clonal species in the temperate steppe, was significantly longer (118 d) than that of L. chinensis (81 d), and this value became comparable to that of L. chinensis under rhizome severing (103 d).

Conclusions/Significance

We found that root lifespan in dominant, clonal L. chinensis was shorter than for the dominant, non-clonal species of S. krylovii and A. frigida. There was a substantial increase in the root lifespan of L. chinensis in response to severing their rhizomes, and this increase in root lifespan exhibited temporal and spatial characteristics. These findings suggest that the presence of rhizomes is likely to account for the observed short lifespan of clonal plant species in the temperate steppe.     

高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度对高寒草甸优势植物叶片和土壤氮磷化学计量特征的影响

采用有效洞穴密度代替高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)活动强度的方法,研究了高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度(10、15、21和31个/625 m~2)对高寒草甸优势植物高山嵩草(Kobresiapygmaea)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、小花草玉梅(Anemone rivularis)叶片和土壤氮(N)磷(P)化学计量特征的影响。结果表明,3种优势植物叶片N含量随有效洞穴密度增加而显著增加(P0.05),但叶片P含量却出现分异,表现为高山嵩草和垂穗披碱草叶片P含量随有效洞穴密度增加而先增加后降低(P0.05),小花草玉梅叶片P含量逐渐增加(P0.05);高山嵩草叶片N:P随有效洞穴密度增加先降低后增加(P0.05),垂穗披碱草叶片N:P逐渐增加,小花草玉梅叶片N:P则先增加后降低。土壤0-10 cm和10-20 cm土层N含量随有效洞穴密度增加无明显变化;0—10cm土层P含量随有效洞穴密度增加先降低后增加,10—20 cm土层P含量逐渐降低;0—10 cm土层N:P随有效洞穴密度增加元明显变化,而10-20 cm土层N:P则逐渐增加。优势植物叶片N、P、N:P与土壤N、P、N:P的相关性受植物根系分布特征和生存微环境的约束。     

Response of dominant grassland species in the temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia to different land uses at leaf and ecosystem levels

In order to study the responses of dominant species to different land uses in the semiarid temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, we tested the physiological responses of Stipa grandis, Leymus chinensis, and Artemisia frigida to mowing, grazing exclusion, and grazing land uses at the leaf and ecosystem levels. The grazing-exclusion and mowing sites released CO₂, but the grazing site was a net carbon sink. L. chinensis and S. grandis contributed more to the ecosystem CO₂ exchange than A. frigida. At the grazing-exclusion and mowing sites, Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis both exhibited a higher light-saturation point and higher maximum photosynthetic rate than that at the grazing site, which increased photosynthesis and growth compared to those at the grazing site. In contrast, A. frigida possessed a higher nitrogen content than the other species, and more of the light energy used for photosynthesis, particularly at the grazing site.     

Priming of Soil Carbon Decomposition in Two Inner Mongolia Grassland Soils following Sheep Dung Addition: A Study Using 13C Natural Abundance Approach

To investigate the effect of sheep dung on soil carbon (C) sequestration, a 152 days incubation experiment was conducted with soils from two different Inner Mongolian grasslands, i.e. a Leymus chinensis dominated grassland representing the climax community (2.1% organic matter content) and a heavily degraded Artemisia frigida dominated community (1.3% organic matter content). Dung was collected from sheep either fed on L. chinensis (C₃ plant with δ¹³C = −26.8‰; dung δ¹³C = −26.2‰) or Cleistogenes squarrosa (C₄ plant with δ¹³C = −14.6‰; dung δ¹³C = −15.7‰). Fresh C₃ and C₄ sheep dung was mixed with the two grassland soils and incubated under controlled conditions for analysis of ¹³C-CO₂ emissions. Soil samples were taken at days 17, 43, 86, 127 and 152 after sheep dung addition to detect the δ¹³C signal in soil and dung components. Analysis revealed that 16.9% and 16.6% of the sheep dung C had decomposed, of which 3.5% and 2.8% was sequestrated in the soils of L. chinensis and A. frigida grasslands, respectively, while the remaining decomposed sheep dung was emitted as CO₂. The cumulative amounts of C respired from dung treated soils during 152 days were 7–8 times higher than in the un-amended controls. In both grassland soils, ca. 60% of the evolved CO₂ originated from the decomposing sheep dung and 40% from the native soil C. Priming effects of soil C decomposition were observed in both soils, i.e. 1.4 g and 1.6 g additional soil C kg⁻¹ dry soil had been emitted as CO₂ for the L. chinensis and A. frigida soils, respectively. Hence, the net C losses from L. chinensis and A. frigida soils were 0.6 g and 0.9 g C kg⁻¹ soil, which was 2.6% and 7.0% of the total C in L. chinensis and A. frigida grasslands soils, respectively. Our results suggest that grazing of degraded Inner Mongolian pastures may cause a net soil C loss due to the positive priming effect, thereby accelerating soil deterioration.     

坡向对毛竹林土壤养分及其生态化学计量特征的影响

采集浙江省龙游县境内毛竹林地不同坡向(阴坡和阳坡)的土壤样品进行对比分析,研究坡向对毛竹林地土壤养分及其生态化学计量特征的影响.结果表明: 土壤养分受坡向和土层深度的影响,采样区内土壤的养分水平呈阴坡＞阳坡、表层土壤＞底层土壤的变化趋势.阴坡土壤的阳离子交换量、总有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、全钾和速效钾含量显著高于阳坡,分别高43.7%、103.8%、92.0%、75.5%、22.4%、89.4%和240.7%,而阴坡和阳坡土壤的全磷含量并无显著性差异.0～20 cm、20～40 cm和40～60 cm 3个土层中,无论是阴坡还是阳坡,其土壤C/N差异均不显著,而阴坡土壤C/P显著高于阳坡,分别高180.8%、42.0%和54.3%;各土层中,阴坡和阳坡土壤的C/K和N/K之间的差异不显著,而阴坡和阳坡土壤的C/K和N/K在3个土层间存在极显著性差异.采样区域内阴坡土壤有机碳与全氮、全磷和全钾之间呈极显著的正相关关系,并且与各速效养分间也均呈极显著的正相关关系.总体而言,毛竹林阴坡的土壤养分及其生态化学计量特征优于阳坡.     

高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度对高山嵩草群落及其主要种群空间分布特征的影响

高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)有效洞穴密度变化会引发高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)草甸植物群落及其种群分布格局发生变化。采用野外调查法研究了高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度对高山嵩草群落特征及其主要种群分布格局的影响。结果表明:随高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度增加,高山嵩草草甸植物群落的优势种没发生明显变化,部分伴生种发生更替;高度、盖度、多样性指数和均匀度指数呈现降低态势;地上生物量和丰富度指数变化不明显;高山嵩草和矮火绒草(Leontopodium nanum)种群的盖度、密度以及生物量均呈现降低态势,而达乌里秦艽(Gentiana dahurica)和小花草玉梅(Anemone rivularis var.flore-minors)种群的盖度、密度和生物量呈增加趋势。高山嵩草和矮火绒草的种群分布格局从8个/625m2和14个/625m2的聚集分布分别变为34个/625m2时的均匀分布和随机分布,达乌里秦艽和小花草玉梅种群从8个/625m2和14个/625m2的随机分布变为23个/625m2和34个/625m2时的聚集分布,这说明高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度变化改变了高山嵩草群落的特征和主要植物种群的空间分布格局,而对应群落特征和种群分布格局改变的有效洞穴密度为14个/625m2和23个/625m2。     

拉萨河谷草地群落的数量分类与排序

采用TWINSPAN数量分类和DCA、CCA排序的方法,对拉萨河谷草地23个样点进行统计分析。结果显示:(1)TWINSPAN数量分类将拉萨河谷草地群落划分成8种类型,拉萨河谷的草地群落分布呈现明显的垂直地带性分布格局。(2)TWINSPAN分类所划分的各群落在DCA排序图上都有各自的分布范围和界限,说明DCA排序能较好的反应各群落与其环境资源之间的关系,同时,TWINSPAN的分类结果也在排序图上得到较好的印证。(3)样点DCA排序的第一轴基本反映了海拔高度的变化梯度,第二轴基本反映了坡向的变化。(4)样点CCA排序表明,影响群落分布的主要环境因子是海拔,其次是坡向。CCA排序进一步阐明了拉萨河谷草地群落分布决定于海拔和坡向等环境因子,并间接验证了TWINSPAN的分类结果。(5)物种CCA排序和TWINSPAN分类结果表明:植物群落中物种的分布格局与植物群落类型的分布格局存在一定的相似性,物种的分布格局在很大程度上影响着群落的分布格局。     

Effects of 10-Year Management Regimes on the Soil Seed Bank in Saline-Alkaline Grassland

Background

Management regimes for vegetation restoration of degraded grasslands can significantly affect the process of ecological succession. However, few studies have focused on variation in the soil seed bank during vegetation restoration under different management regimes, especially in saline-alkaline grassland habitats. Our aim was to provide insights into the ecological effects of grassland management regimes on soil seed bank composition and vegetation establishment in mown, fenced, transplanted and natural grassland sites, all dominated by the perennial rhizomatous grass Leymus chinensis.

Methodology

We studied species composition and diversity in both the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation in differently managed grasslands in Northeast China. An NMDS (nonmetric multidimensional scaling) was used to evaluate the relationship between species composition, soil seed banks, aboveground vegetation and soil properties.

Principal Findings

Fenced and mown grassland sites had high density and species richness in both the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation. The Transplanted treatment exhibited the highest vegetation growth and seed production of the target species L. chinensis. Seeds of L. chinensis in the soil occurred only in transplanted and natural grassland. Based on the NMDS analysis, the number of species in both the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation were significantly related to soil Na⁺, Cl^-, RSC (residual sodium carbonate), alkalinity, ESP (exchangeable sodium percentage) and AP (available phosphorus).

Conclusions

Soil seed bank composition and diversity in the saline-alkaline grassland were significantly affected by the management regimes implemented, and were also significantly related to the aboveground vegetation and several soil properties. Based on vegetative growth, reproductive output and maintenance of soil seed bank, the transplanting was identified as the most effective method for relatively rapid restoration of the target species L. chinensis. This approach could be beneficial for the restoration of dominant species in a wide range of degraded grassland ecosystems.     

青藏高原两种植被类型净初级生产力与气候因素的关系及周转值分析

基于2008—2016年青海海北站9年净初级生产力及气候因子监测数据,分析了青藏高原高寒小嵩草草甸和高寒金露梅灌丛两种植被净初级生产力年际动态,并探讨了气候因子对其影响及其不同土层深度根系周转值特征。结果表明:(1)年际尺度上,小嵩草草甸地上净初级生产力表现为显著增加趋势,增幅为7.02 g m~(-2) a~(-1),而金露梅灌丛地上净初级生产力相对较为稳定;对于其地下净初级生产力和总生产力,小嵩草草甸和金露梅灌丛均表现为增加趋势(P0.05),9年间小嵩草草甸地上、地下和总净初级生产力平均值分别为(217.55±9.95)、(1882.75±161.33) g m~(-2) a~(-1)和(2100.30±163.38) g m~(-2) a~(-1),金露梅灌丛地上、地下和总净初级生产力9年间平均值分别为(256.27±11.4)、(1614.31±173.03) g m~(-2) a~(-1)和(1870.58±177.93) g m~(-2) a~(-1)。(2)不同植被类型地上净初级生产力对气候因素响应不同,金露梅灌丛地上净初级生产力主要受温度影响,而温度对小嵩草草甸地上净初级生产力无显著影响。此外,降水不是限制高寒生态系统草地地上净初级生产力主要因子,相比于降水影响,高寒生态系统地上净初级生产力更受温度调控。(3)年均温和年降水对金露梅灌丛和小嵩草草甸地下净初级生产力均无显著影响(P0.05),表明高寒生态系统,其地下生产力受外界气候条件变化影响微弱,是一个稳定的碳库。(4)两种植被类型其根系周转值均随着土壤深度的增加呈逐渐增加趋势,且高寒灌丛根系周转值明显高于高寒草甸根系周转值。研究表明,在全球气候变暖背景下将会增加金露梅灌丛地上净初级生产力,而对小嵩草草甸地上净初级生产力无显著影响。