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1.
烟粉虱和温室粉虱在甘蓝上的刺探取食行为比较   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
利用刺吸电波图技术研究B型、ZHJ_1型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)和温室粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood)在甘蓝上的取食行为,将3种粉虱的电波图进行比较,其中,B型和ZHJ_1型烟粉虱记录到np,C,pd,E1,E2,F和G波7种波形,温室粉虱只记录到刺探波形,少有取食波形。B型的20个记录中只有1个没有持续吸食波形;ZHJ_1型的25个记录中有10个记录没有持续吸食波形;温室粉虱没有持续吸食记录。甘蓝叶片韧皮部的结构或汁液的化学成分与温室粉虱的抗性密切相关。  相似文献   

2.
《环境昆虫学报》2013,35(4):417-421
为探究番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCV)对烟粉虱刺探取食行为的影响并研究其与烟粉虱之间的互作关系。利用EPG记录了感染TYLCV的MED隐种在番茄寄主上的取食波形,并与未感染TYLCV的MED隐种的取食波形进行了比较研究。结果表明,烟粉虱开始取食行为后,带毒MED和未带毒MED平均刺探次数和非刺吸时间占总取食时间的比例方面没有显著差异。带毒MED从口针刺探开始至到达韧皮部的平均时间为46 min,从记录开始至口针第一次到达韧皮部的平均时间为135 min,未带毒MED相对应的平均时间分别为19 min和25 min,两者结果差异显著;在烟粉虱取食番茄韧皮部阶段,带毒和未带毒MED的唾液分泌总时间分别为9 min、3 min,第一次韧皮部持续吸食平均时间分别为143 min、26 min,带毒MED显著高于未带毒MED。带毒MED在第一次持续吸食至第一次取食结束的平均时间为15 min,显著高于未带毒MED的4 min。综上所述,带毒MED完成整个刺探取食行为的平均时间较未带毒MED显著增加,特别是唾液的分泌时间以及第一次在韧皮部的持续吸食时间。表明,TYLCV能促进MED加强唾液分泌和韧皮部取食,从而促进病毒的传播。  相似文献   

3.
芥子油苷在甘蓝蚜寄主部位选择行为中的作用   总被引:15,自引:4,他引:11  
阎凤鸣 《昆虫学报》2000,43(3):297-304
利用刺吸电位技术(EPG)记录甘蓝蚜Brevicoryne brassicae在芥菜Sinapis alba 不同部位上的取食行为,同时用高压液相色谱(HPLC)分析芥菜相应部位的芥子油苷(glucosinolates)含量,据此分析芥子油苷在甘蓝蚜对寄主部位偏好行为中的作用。选择芥菜三个部位进行取食行为记录和化学分析,即新出完全叶(第7片)的叶片、叶柄,以及花茎。相对于其它两个部位,甘蓝蚜的口针在花茎上用较少的刺探次数和较短的时间到达韧皮部;一旦口针进入韧皮部持续吸食阶段,蚜虫在三个部位的取食行为没有太大的差异。只在花茎的表皮和皮层中测定到较高含量的白芥子苷(glucosinalbin)。因此,本实验的结果证明,白芥子苷是甘蓝蚜寄主部位选择的关键信号化学物质或取食促进剂。  相似文献   

4.
B型烟粉虱在6个烟草品种上的取食行为   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
【背景】不同烟草品种会影响B型烟粉虱的取食选择性,但具体的机制尚不明确。刺吸电波图(EPG)技术是研究刺吸式昆虫对寄主植物取食选择性的重要手段,通过烟粉虱取食产生的电信号,可以分析其对不同烟草品种的取食差异。【方法】应用EPG技术对B型烟粉虱雌成虫在6个烟草品种(翠碧1号、K326、闽烟7号、云烟85、云烟87、红花大金元)上的取食行为进行比较研究。【结果】6个烟草品种上有效记录的雌成虫数均为18头,在翠碧1号、K326、闽烟7号、云烟87、云烟85和红花大金元叶片上能够到达韧皮部的个体数分别为15、15、12、13、15和15头,能够持续吸食的个体数分别为13、14、8、12、14和15头。烟粉虱雌成虫在6个烟草品种上的非刺探(np)波所占的比例差异显著,在红花大金元上所占的比例最小,显著低于其他5个品种。雌成虫在红花大金元和K326上E1波的总持续时间显著短于闽烟7号和云烟87。雌成虫在红花大金元上E2波的总持续时间显著长于其他5个品种,而在闽烟7号、云烟87和云烟85上显著短于其他3个品种。【结论与意义】在6个烟草品种中,B型烟粉虱雌成虫最喜食红花大金元,最不喜食闽烟7号和云烟87。因此,在福建省B型烟粉虱的发生区,选择烟草品种时可根据实际情况减少红花大金元的种植,增多闽烟7号和云烟87等抗B型烟粉虱品种的种植。  相似文献   

5.
取食是烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)传播植物病毒最重要的途径之一.本研究利用昆虫刺探电位(EPG)技术研究了杀虫剂溴氰虫酰胺亚致死浓度(LC15)对携带番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCV)MED烟粉虱取食行为和传毒效率的影响.结果表明,溴氰虫酰胺对未携毒和携毒MED烟粉虱的亚致死浓度(LC15)分别为1.52 mg/kg和1.75 mg/kg,差异不显著.携毒烟粉虱在溴氰虫酰胺亚致死浓度处理的番茄苗上取食,第一次刺探起始时间显著推迟,是对照番茄苗上的3.7倍.在韧皮部取食阶段,处理组烟粉虱在韧皮部分泌唾液平均时间、吸食汁液总时间和平均时间均显著缩短,分别是对照组的0.10倍、0.14倍和0.10倍,韧皮部取食能力显著降低.qPCR试验研究表明,溴氰虫酰胺亚致死浓度处理极显著的降低了烟粉虱的传毒效率,携毒烟粉虱取食48 h的番茄苗培养10 d后,TYLCV相对含量仍接近于0,表明溴氰虫酰胺对烟粉虱传播TYLCV具有良好的控制潜力.研究结果为科学合理的使用化学农药防治烟粉虱及其传播的双生病毒病提供理论依据.  相似文献   

6.
【目的】由粉虱传播的番茄褪绿病毒(tomato chlorosis virus, ToCV)具有较强的暴发性和流行性,目前该病毒现已蔓延至世界各地,可为害多种作物,对农林经济生产造成严重危害。病毒侵染会影响介体昆虫的寄主选择性和取食行为,从而影响病毒传播。本研究旨在明确ToCV对MED烟粉虱Bemisiatabaci在不同寄主上的寄主选择性及取食行为的影响。【方法】利用Y型嗅觉仪测定携带和未携带ToCV的MED烟粉虱雌成虫的寄主选择性,利用刺吸电位(electrical penetration graph, EPG)技术比较携带和未携带ToCV的烟粉虱雌成虫在健康的番茄、辣椒、棉花和豇豆4种寄主植株上的取食行为差异。【结果】未携带ToCV的MED型烟粉虱雌成虫对于4种寄主植物的选择偏好性排序为番茄、辣椒>棉花>豇豆;携带ToCV烟粉虱雌成虫对4种寄主植物的选择性偏好性降低,排序为番茄、辣椒、棉花>豇豆。与未携带ToCV烟粉虱雌成虫相比,携带ToCV烟粉虱雌成虫取食4种植物所产生的刺探次数均显著增加,第1次到达韧皮部的时间有明显延后,取食总时间与韧皮部的取食时间明显减少。【结论】ToCV使烟粉虱对寄主的选择偏好性和取食行为发生显著改变,从而增加了病毒在寄主植物间传播的可能。  相似文献   

7.
《环境昆虫学报》2014,(6):1059-1064
B型烟粉虱是重要的农林害虫在实验室条件下(温度25℃-30℃,湿度RH70%-75%,光照L:D=16h:8h)观察了连续三代B型烟粉虱(基于复眼及线粒体CO1基因鉴定)在甘蓝Brassica oleracea L var.caqitata叶片(秋甘一号)上产卵排列方式。发现烟粉虱在甘蓝叶片上的产卵排列方式有圆形,弧形(0<弧形<π)和半圆形三种方式,或者也会将卵散产在甘蓝叶片的背面,所占比例分别为圆形45.1%、弧形46.9%、半圆8.0%,且三代烟粉虱中产卵的同一种排列方式之间没有显著性差异。另外,烟粉虱在甘蓝叶片上产卵时以吸食点为圆心体长为半径边取食边产卵,少散产,区别于前人对其的研究 (烟粉虱卵不规则的散产在叶背面)。  相似文献   

8.
周昊  李钰  滕子文  杜凌君  万方浩  周洪旭 《昆虫学报》1950,63(10):1207-1214
【目的】苹果绵蚜Eriosoma lanigerum、绣线菊蚜Aphis citricola和梨网蝽Stephanitis nashi是苹果园的一类重要害虫,它们以刺吸式口器对苹果树造成不同程度的危害。本研究旨在明确这3种刺吸式昆虫在苹果树上取食行为差异。【方法】利用刺吸电位(electrical penetration graph, EPG)技术对苹果绵蚜和绣线菊蚜成虫在苹果苗韧皮部和非韧皮部上的EPG指标,以及苹果绵蚜、绣线菊蚜和梨网蝽成虫苹果苗上的取食行为进行了比较分析,分析了这3种害虫的成虫在苹果苗上取食8 h各种波形平均持续时间的占比。【结果】结果表明,苹果绵蚜和绣线菊蚜成蚜在苹果苗上均产生6种取食波形,即非刺探波(np)、路径波(C)、意外穿刺细胞非主动取食细胞波(pd)、木质部取食波(G)、韧皮部唾液分泌波(E1)和韧皮部取食波(E2);而梨网蝽成虫取食过程中只产生非刺探波(np)、表皮刺穿波(A)、叶肉细胞取食波(Gc)和木质部取食波(E)4种波形。从蚜虫在苹果苗非韧皮部上取食的EPG指标看,苹果绵蚜成蚜pd波平均时间显著高于绣线菊蚜的,而刺探次数、np波总时间和pd波次数均显著低于绣线菊蚜的。从蚜虫在苹果苗韧皮部上取食的EPG指标来看,除第1次出现E2波的时间外,各指标没有显著差异。从3种害虫在苹果苗上取食8 h各波形的占比来看,梨网蝽成虫的np波总时间所占比例最高(53%),其次是绣线菊蚜成虫的(24%),苹果绵蚜成虫的最低(为1%)。同时,苹果绵蚜和绣线菊蚜成虫取食波为E2波,所占总时间比例分别为35%和25%,而梨网蝽的取食波为Gc波(占总时间比例为36%)和E波(占总时间比例为11%)。【结论】本研究阐释了苹果园刺吸式口器害虫的生态位分离和取食行为学机制,为果园刺吸式口器害虫的综合治理提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
B型烟粉虱对三种寄主植物及其挥发物的行为反应   总被引:22,自引:2,他引:20  
利用Y型嗅觉仪,测定了B型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)雌虫对3种寄主植物、挥发物提取液、挥发物标样以及寄主植物挥发物模拟样的行为反应,并比较鉴定寄主植物挥发物的组分和含量,以期明确植物挥发物在B型烟粉虱寄主定向行为中的作用。结果表明:1)番茄植株和甘蓝植株及其相应的挥发物提取物对烟粉虱雌成虫均具有显著的引诱作用,而辣椒植株和挥发物提取物的引诱作用不明显;3种寄主植物和挥发物提取物分别两两之间比较时,烟粉虱的选择行为均极显著地表现为番茄 > 甘蓝 > 辣椒。2)番茄、甘蓝和辣椒具有不同的挥发物化学图谱,且挥发物组分的相对百分含量差异很大;番茄挥发物总量远远大于甘蓝和辣椒;从组分来看,番茄挥发物中主要为萜烯类(89.8%),甘蓝挥发物中主要为烷烃类(53.0%)。3)8种寄主植物挥发物标样(10-1~10-6 μL/μL)中,除1,8-桉树脑始终对烟粉虱具有引诱作用外,丁子香酚、苎烯、里那醇和月桂烯则是分别在10-4~10-6,10-1~10-4,10-1~10-4和10-1~10-4μL/μL时,才具有引诱作用;α-蒎烯、顺-3-已烯-1醇则在高浓度下(10-1和10-2 μL/μL)对烟粉虱具有排斥作用,低浓度下对烟粉虱没有任何影响;正十二烷在任何浓度下对烟粉虱均没有任何作用。4)在辣椒上分别喷施番茄挥发物模拟样和甘蓝挥发物模拟样,均显著增加对烟粉虱的引诱作用,而在番茄上喷施辣椒挥发物模拟样则无明显增效作用。综合分析认为,挥发性物质在B型烟粉虱对不同寄主植物的选择偏好时具有重要的行为导向作用。  相似文献   

10.
不同水稻品种上白背飞虱取食行为的EPG分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
【目的】为探明不同水稻品种(丰源优272、R9810-T、华恢1号、明恢63、麻糯谷和Rathu Heenati)对白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera的抗性差异机理,利用刺吸电位技术(electronic penetration graph, EPG)记录了该虫在这6个品种三叶期稻苗上的取食行为。【方法】结合特定的EPG波形,考察了9个非韧皮部指标和22个韧皮部指标。【结果】在总记录时间8 h内,白背飞虱在品种Rathu Heenati上非刺探波np的总时间最长,其次是麻糯谷上非刺探波np的总时间,这两者间差异显著且都显著地长于其他4个品种的np总时间(P<0.05);该虫在Rathu Heenati上路径波Nc的总时间为8 523.41 s,是感虫品种明恢63 Nc总时间的2.24倍;该虫在Rathu Heenati上吸食韧皮部汁液N4-b的总时间显著地比其他品种短(P<0.05)。华恢1号和R9810-T上所有的EPG指标和感虫品种明恢63的EPG指标都没有显著的差异(P≥0.05)。白背飞虱在丰源优272上单次分泌水溶性唾液N4-a的平均时间更长,并伴随长时间的韧皮部取食。【结论】由此推测,品种Rathu Heenati可能存在不利于白背飞虱取食的忌避成分,并且在韧皮部外组织和韧皮部组织都存在抗性因子;在麻糯谷上仅存在忌避成分;然而,品种华恢1号和R9810-T可能对白背飞虱不具有明显的抗性;丰源优272可能是比明恢63更为感虫的品种。结合介体昆虫取食行为与传播持久性病毒的关系,这些结果也为利用抗白背飞虱品种控制南方水稻黑条矮缩病提供了参考。  相似文献   

11.
Different types of plant resistance against the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, were distinguished according to the tissue location of the resistance factors. The effects of resistance factors were compared by measuring the electrically monitored and visually observed probing and feeding behaviour of whiteflies on two resistant tomato genotypes (82207 and 82216), a susceptible tomato cultivar, and a non-host plant, sweet pepper. On sweet pepper, whiteflies displayed very short first probes, very long pathway probing and spent much time on non-feeding activities such as walking and standing still. Also, a high percentage of whiteflies rejected sweet pepper without ingesting substances from the phloem vessel. These data suggest a strong resistance that is based on the factors present in surface/epidermis and/or mesophyll layers of this plant. The behaviour of whiteflies on tomato 82207 was very different from that on sweet pepper. On tomato 82207 whiteflies apparently did not perceive resistance factors on the leaf surface and in the mesophyll. Resistance factors appeared to be present in the phloem tissue, because a higher number of phloem phases, longer phloem salivation periods and shorter phloem ingestion periods were observed when compared with the susceptible tomato cultivar. Tomato 82216 showed no clear resistance factor in the phloem. The importance of combined EPG and behavioural research for host-plant resistance studies are discussed.  相似文献   

12.
Host-plant and whitefly strain effects and their interactions on the probing and sap feeding of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), have been investigated in this study using the DC-EPG (Electrical Penetration Graph) technique. Whiteflies generally displayed fewer but longer probes on highly acceptable cucumber than on less acceptable tomato. Both whitefly strains, the T(omato)-strain and the C(ucumber)-strain, showed a significantly lower number of phloem phases on cucumber than on tomato. However, the duration of total phloem phases achieved by either of the whitefly strains on these two host plants was not significantly different. These data indicate that a more continuous phloem feeding has occurred on cucumber plants. Indeed, the percentage of phloem feeding time after the first sustained phloem phase (longer than 15 min) was higher on cucumber for the C-strain whiteflies. When comparing these two whitefly strains, the T-strain whiteflies probed less frequently but longer than the C-strain whiteflies did on both host plants. Also, the T-strain whiteflies displayed a longer duration of total phloem phases on tomato. An interaction between the whitefly strain and plant effects was detected on a parameter, which showed that whiteflies probed significantly longer before reaching the first phloem phase on the host plants that had been previously experienced. In conclusion, both plant species and whitefly strains affect whitefly's probing and feeding behaviour, though plant effects are much stronger.  相似文献   

13.
Aphids are phloem feeders and an important assumption has been that reproduction is initiated only after phloem ingestion. Here we investigate the plant tissue location of parturition cues in winged and wingless, summer virginoparae and autumn migrants (gynoparae) of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae. These seasonal forms have different host preferences. Using electrical penetration graph (EPG: to observe activity of the mouthparts) and video-monitoring procedures we demonstrate that the time to first parturition after host-plant contact is significantly shorter than the time to first registered phloem contact in the summer winged form. In gynoparae, the time to first parturition does not significantly differ from time to first phloem contact but is shorter than time to first phloem ingestion. Times to first parturition, first registered phloem contact and first phloem ingestion do not differ significantly in the summer wingless form. Simultaneous EPG and video recording procedures show that a high proportion of individuals of all morphs (45-70%) initiate reproduction before sustained phloem activities (salivation/ingestion). The only behaviours that all individuals demonstrate before first parturition are ‘non-penetration’ (aphid on plant surface with mouthparts outside plant) and stylet ‘pathway activity’, including secretion of gelling saliva and penetration of the non-vascular (epidermis and mesophyll) cells. A short period of penetration of the peripheral plant tissues (five cell punctures per individual) by aphids tethered and monitored by EPG decreases the time to first parturition of the winged summer form when subsequently placed on a Parafilm sachet containing 15% sucrose solution. This treatment also significantly increases the incidence of reproduction and individual reproductive output of gynoparae over a 24-h period. No detectable effects of tissue penetration on subsequent reproductive output are observed in the wingless summer form. Additionally, EPGs reveal that a number of aphids of all morphs display xylem ingestion, which occurs predominantly before initiation of phloem feeding but is not necessary to initiate parturition. It is concluded that aphids are likely to detect parturition cues during stylet punctures of cells within peripheral tissue layers, before reaching the phloem vessels.  相似文献   

14.
The electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique was used to determine what part of stylet penetration behavior by the whitefly vector, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is lettuce chlorosis virus (LCV) inoculated in the host plant Malva parviflora L. LCV is a semipersistently-transmitted closterovirus. Since closteroviruses generally are found in the phloem of their plant hosts, this study tested the hypothesis that virus inoculation occurs during the phloem phase of stylet penetration behavior. Virus-exposed whiteflies were allowed to feed on uninfected host plants, and the whiteflies were divided into two experimental groups: group 1 attained phloem phase on the uninfected plants, and group 2 did not attain phloem phase. Two series of tests were conducted, one where whiteflies were manipulated so that the amount of time spent in non-phloem phase stylet penetration behaviors was similar between group 1 and group 2, and a second series of tests where whiteflies were manipulated so that the number of intracellular punctures made during stylet penetration was similar between group 1 and group 2. Both series of tests indicated that virus inoculation took place primarily during phloem phase. Considering only individual whiteflies shown to be capable of transmitting virus, 11 of 23 whiteflies (48%) in the phloem phase treatment successfully inoculated the virus whereas only one of 19 whiteflies (5%) in the non-phloem phase treatment successfully inoculated the virus (P=0.00008).  相似文献   

15.
Experiments were conducted to locate the plant tissue where resistance is expressed against silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), in alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. (Fabaceae), genotypes previously shown to have high levels of resistance against this pest. Previous work demonstrated that resistance in the resistant alfalfa genotypes was expressed primarily as high first‐instar mortality; consequently this study focused on first‐instar nymphs. Examination of stylets in cleared leaf tissue indicated that first‐instar nymphs located vascular bundles with equal success on resistant and susceptible alfalfa genotypes. Furthermore, direct current electrical penetration graphs (DC‐EPG) indicated that sieve elements were penetrated and phloem ingestion behavior was initiated with equal success on resistant and susceptible genotypes. Thus, the mechanism of resistance does not reside in tissues encountered by the stylets prior to penetrating a phloem sieve element. Honeydew production (as a proxy for ingestion) was greatly reduced on two resistant genotypes compared to the two susceptible genotypes. The frequency distribution of honeydew production was bimodal, indicating that most individuals on the resistant genotypes produced little or no honeydew while some produced as much honeydew as whiteflies on the susceptible genotypes. This indicates that expression of resistance is an all‐or‐nothing phenomenon; an individual nymph either encounters resistance and cannot sustain ingestion or it does not encounter resistance and ingests just as well as on a susceptible plant. Intermediates are rare. DC‐EPGs indicate that phloem ingestion behavior is significantly reduced on two of the resistant genotypes compared to the susceptible genotypes. The primary reason for this appears to be more frequent termination of phloem ingestion behavior on at least one of the resistant genotypes. On one of the resistant genotypes, the productivity of EPG‐measured phloem ingestion behavior (honeydew produced per min of phloem ingestion behavior) was reduced compared to a susceptible control.  相似文献   

16.
Plant penetration behaviour (probing) of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, was studied on excised leaves of broad beans, Vicia faba, kept in water or in a 1% aqueous solution of sinigrin. Using the DC EPG (Electrical Penetration Graph) technique it was shown that the cabbage aphid on sinigrin-untreated bean leaves showed numerous short probes into epidermis and mesophyll. None of these aphids showed either phloem salivation or ingestion waveforms on untreated leaves. In contrast, on sinigrin-treated bean leaves, 35% of the probing time was spent on phloem sap ingestion (E2) and almost all aphids reached phloem vessels and started feeding. The duration of phloem salivation before phloem ingestion and the mean duration of phloem ingestion periods were similar on a host and a sinigrin-treated non-host plant. However, the total probing time by B. brassicae was 10% longer, the total phloem sap ingestion time was twice as long, and the time to the first phloem phase within a probe was three times shorter on the host plant compared to sinigrin-treated broad beans. Acyrthosiphon pisum also responded to the addition of sinigrin to broad beans, but in this case sinigrin acted as a deterrent. On sinigrin-treated leaves, A. pisum terminated probes before ingestion from phloem vessels, and none of these aphids showed phloem salivation and ingestion on treated leaves. Glucosinolates were detected in the mesophyll cells of the brassicaceous plant, Sinapis alba. Based on this finding and in addition to the foregoing EPG analysis of aphid probing on these plants and broad beans, our hypothesis is that aphids may recognise their host plants as soon as they probe the mesophyll tissue and before they start ingestion from phloem vessels.  相似文献   

17.
The probing and feeding behaviour of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), (Homoptera, Aphididae) was studied on several plant species that represented various levels of acceptability: Sinapis alba L. (a permanent host plant), Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Med., Thlaspi arvense L., Lunaria annua L., Erysimum cheiranthoides L. (accidental host plants), Vicia faba L. (a non-host plant), using the electrical penetration graph technique (EPG). B. brassicae on V. faba did not show any patterns related to penetration of phloem vessels. Stylet penetration was deterred on L. annua and E. cheiranthoides where non-penetration prevailed, the periods of sap ingestion were short or did not occur, the percentage of time spent in the phloem was consistently low (5–6%) and E1 salivation predominated. The pathway activities were not suppressed on C. bursa-pastoris and T. arvense and the aphids spent an average of 3 h in the phloem during the 8-h experiment. However, a considerable delay between finding and accepting the phloem and a substantial proportion of E1 salivation (20–30% of all phloem activities) indicated a deterrent factor in the sieve elements of these plants. Aphid probing and sap ingestion were rarely interrupted on S. alba. The results of this study suggest that the deterrent agents vary in activity and may hinder stylet penetration at different levels (epidermis, parenchymatous tissues and/or phloem elements), depending on the plant species.  相似文献   

18.
采用甘兰叶片浸液法测定了吡蚜酮对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)成虫、卵、1龄若虫和3龄若虫的致死作用。在所测试的浓度范围(9.38~300mg/L)内,烟粉虱若虫和成虫的校正死亡率均随吡蚜酮浓度的增大而顺次显著增大。取食75~150mg/L、9.38~37.5mg/L吡蚜酮处理叶片和清水处理叶片的存活成虫个体单头蜜露量(分别为0.37~0.42、0.59~0.72、1.48mm2)间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。用EPG技术研究了吡蚜酮对烟粉虱口针刺吸的不同阶段和取食活性的影响。接触低浓度吡蚜酮(75mg/L)时,最初粉虱能够正常开始取食,但不能从韧皮部正常吸取汁液。高浓度的吡蚜酮(300mg/L)抑制了口针向植物的插入。综合上述结果,说明吡蚜酮可望成为防治番茄黄曲叶病毒病载体-烟粉虱的重要药剂之一。  相似文献   

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