海南不同产区铁皮石斛活性成分的比较研究北大核心CSCD

海南是铁皮石斛主产区之一,为研究不同产地铁皮石斛的差异性,本文比较了海南八个产区铁皮石斛的醇提物及水提物的成分,抗氧化性和降血糖活性,并进一步研究该化学成分与对应活性的相关性。结果显示:海南琼中、三亚、保亭地区铁皮石斛提取物在清除DPPH自由基和总还原力模型中表现出较高的抗氧化性,儋州产区铁皮石斛水提物表现出最高的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。相关性研究表明酸性糖、总多酚、总黄酮含量与上述抗氧化模型有一定的线性关系,醇提物中总多酚表现出相对最高的相关性(r=0.904,P<0.01;r=0.861;P<0.01)。本研究为铁皮石斛在保健食品、药品领域中的开发提供一定的借鉴。     

海南不同产区铁皮石斛活性成分的比较研究

海南是铁皮石斛主产区之一,为研究不同产地铁皮石斛的差异性,本文比较了海南八个产区铁皮石斛的醇提物及水提物的成分,抗氧化性和降血糖活性,并进一步研究该化学成分与对应活性的相关性。结果显示:海南琼中、三亚、保亭地区铁皮石斛提取物在清除DPPH自由基和总还原力模型中表现出较高的抗氧化性,儋州产区铁皮石斛水提物表现出最高的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。相关性研究表明酸性糖、总多酚、总黄酮含量与上述抗氧化模型有一定的线性关系,醇提物中总多酚表现出相对最高的相关性(r=0.904,P0.01;r=0.861;P0.01)。本研究为铁皮石斛在保健食品、药品领域中的开发提供一定的借鉴。     

新疆不同地区产蜂胶抗氧化活性研究

测定新疆不同地区产蜂胶总黄酮含量,并通过DPPH-体系、羟基自由基体系、超氧阴离子自由基体系对蜂胶醇提物抗氧化活性进行研究,与槲皮素进行比较.结果表明:新疆伊犁那拉提、尼勒克县产蜂胶总黄酮含量分别为9.015 ±0.203％、7.710±0.259％无显著差异(P＞0.05).那拉提、尼勒克县产蜂胶醇提物浓度100μ,g/mL时对超氧阴离子清除活性与槲皮素比较没有显著差异(P＞0.05),那拉提、尼勒克县产蜂胶醇提物IC50为46.48、47.19 μg/mL,槲皮素IC50为21.26 μg/mL;当那拉提、尼勒克县产蜂胶醇提物浓度为100、80 μg/mL时对羟基自由基的清除活性与槲皮素比较没有显著差异(P＞0.05),那拉提、尼勒克县产蜂胶醇提物IC50为37.54、36.24 μg/mL,槲皮素IC50为28.18 μg/mL;浓度为40 μg/mL时那拉提蜂胶醇提物对DPPH自由基清除活性与槲皮素进行比较,没有显著差异(P＞0.05),那拉提、尼勒克县产蜂胶醇提物IC50为18.37、20.12μg/mL,槲皮素IC50为9.95 μg/mL,表明蜂胶是一种天然有效的自由基清除剂.     

巴西蜂胶化学成分的研究进展

巴西蜂胶植物来源广泛,化学组成复杂,具有丰富而突出的生物学活性。本文对巴西蜂胶中已发现的362种化学成分进行分类汇总,并给出相应的蜂胶来源,旨在为巴西蜂胶化学标准化及质量控制的研究提供有价值的化学依据,并为全面评价蜂胶的药用价值以及开发利用提供参考。     

无刺蜂蜂胶化学成分及生物学活性的研究进展

无刺蜂蜂胶化学组成复杂,具有丰富而突出的生物学活性,但目前有关其研究相对较少。本文以国内外研究文献为基础,系统归纳了无刺蜂蜂胶已探明的包括35种黄酮类、13种酚酸类和53种萜烯类化合物在内的主要化学成分,并阐述了其在抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌等方面的生物学活性,以期为无刺蜂蜂胶化学标准化及质量控制的研究提供依据,并为全面评价无刺蜂蜂胶的药用价值及其开发利用提供参考。     

裸花紫珠提取物及其主要成分抗氧化活性研究

裸花紫珠是海南一种道地药材,具有消炎止血的功效。裸花紫珠富含黄酮类和苯乙醇苷类化学成分,它们已经被证实是天然抗氧化剂的主要来源之一。为了考察裸花紫珠药材的抗氧化活性,该研究采用DPPH.自由基清除法测定裸花紫珠醇提物、4个不同极性部位(石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水)及其7个主要成分的抗氧化作用。结果表明：裸花紫珠醇提物、醇提物的水部位、正丁醇部位、乙酸乙酯部位和化合物木犀草素、木犀草苷、毛蕊花糖苷具有较强的抗氧化活性,而5-羟基-3,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮的抗氧化活性则较弱。该研究结果为裸花紫珠的保健功能开发提供了依据。     

蒲公英抗肿瘤活性部位的GC-MS分析研究

目的：考察蒲公英提取物对MCF-7增殖作用的影响,研究蒲公英抗肿瘤活性部位的化学成分。方法：采用MTT法比较蒲公英水提物、醇提物和不同极性提取物对MCF-7增殖的影响;以气相色谱．质谱（GC-MS）联用技术对具有抑制MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞增殖的部位进行分离和鉴定。结果：蒲公英水提物和醇提物对MCF-7细胞均有抑制作用,体外最大抑制率分别达到92．95％、93．59％,蒲公英不同极性溶剂提取物中,氯仿部位抑制MCF-7的增殖,且抑制作用高于醇提和水提物,乙酸乙酯和石油醚部位促进MCF-7的增殖。从蒲公英氯仿提取物中鉴定出80种化合物,占其总量的98．07％。结论：蒲公英氯仿部位具有抗肿瘤活性,为蒲公英抗肿瘤活性成分的研究提供了依据,拓展了筛选中药活性成分的方法。     

野生冬虫夏草水提物体外抗HIV-1病毒作用的初步研究

研究分析野生冬虫夏草的水溶浸提物抑制人免疫缺陷病毒Ⅰ型(human immunodeficiency virus-1,HIV-1)的效果及其抗病毒作用的靶点。研究分别选取新鲜虫体、子座、全草、干燥虫体和子座5种不同组分,获得水溶性提取物,采用CCK-8实验检测水提物的细胞毒性;假病毒单周期感染实验评价水提物的体外抗病毒活性;体外检测水提物对逆转录酶活性的影响,应用表面等离子共振(SPR)技术检测水提物与HIV-1Vif蛋白的相互作用。这5种虫草水提物均具有显著的体外抗HIV-1病毒活性,抑制HIV-1逆转录酶的活性,新鲜子座水提物与Vif蛋白有良好的体外结合力。本实验明确了野生冬虫夏草的体外抗病毒活性,其作用机制可能与抑制逆转录酶活性和体外Vif蛋白有关,研究将为抗HIV-1病毒药物的研发提供实验基础。     

蛹虫草MF27高抗氧化活性提取物筛选及保肝作用研究

本研究对一株优质蛹虫草菌株MF27不同提取物进行体外抗氧化活性比较,筛选得到高抗氧化活性提取物,并进一步探究该提取物对CCl₄诱导的小鼠肝损伤的修复作用。以DPPH自由基和羟自由基的清除率为抗氧化评价指标,从菌丝体发酵液、菌丝体水提物/醇提物、以及子实体水提物/醇提物中筛选菌株MF27的高抗氧化活性提取物;以CCl₄致小鼠急性肝损伤为模型,通过检测血清生化指标、肝功指标的变化,来评价该高活性提取物的体内抗氧化保肝效果。体外抗氧化实验结果表明,MF27的不同提取物均具有较好的体外抗氧化活性,但对清除DPPH和OH自由基能力最好的提取物是子实体水提物,其对DPPH自由基的半数有效浓度（EC₅₀）为0.096mg/mL,对羟自由基的半数有效浓度（EC₅₀）为0.196mg/mL,当在1mg/mL 时对DPPH自由基的清除率为94.94%,对羟自由基的清除率为70.17%;体内抗氧化保肝结果显示,给药组（子实体水提物）相比模型组而言,小鼠血清中ALT、AST以及肝脏中MDA水平极显著降低（P<0.01）、SOD水平极显著升高（P<0.01）,表明子实体水提物能有效改善氧化性肝损伤,同时与阳性对照（联苯双酯）对比,给药组在肝脏指数上表现出相当的作用（P>0.05）。本研究表明菌株MF27的最有效抗氧化活性提取物是子实体水提物,它对体内氧化性肝损伤有一定的修复能力,揭示MF27子实体水提物具有成为抗氧化性肝损伤功能产品的潜力。     

石菖蒲醇提物对番茄幼苗防御酶影响

为了探讨石菖蒲醇提物作为一种中药杀菌剂对病菌寄主植物本身防御酶体系的影响,该研究以番茄欧粉贝幼苗和川产道地中药石菖蒲为材料,采用冷浸法制备石菖蒲醇提物,经不同浓度石菖蒲醇提物对番茄幼苗进行处理,用比色法测定多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,并利用GC-MS联用技术,对石菖蒲醇提物的主要化学成分进行定性分析。结果表明:第1天,醇提物浓度在0.04~0.08 g·mL~(-1)时,PAL活性显著高于对照;随后PAL活性随浓度升高降低;当浓度在0.04~0.16 g·mL~(-1)时,POD活性与对照无显著差异;浓度为0.32 g·mL~(-1)时,POD活性显著高于对照;浓度为0.64 g·mL~(-1)时,POD活性显著低于对照;当浓度在0.04~0.32 g·mL~(-1)时,PPO活性显著高于对照;浓度为0.64 g·mL~(-1)时,PPO活性与对照无显著差异;随着时间的延长,三种酶各处理组之间的差异逐步减少。第4天时,各处理组之间PAI,的活性无显著差异;当浓度为0.04 g·mL~(-1)和0.64 g·mL~(-1)时,PPO活性与对照无显著差异,其余范围均显著高于对照;当浓度在0.08~0.32 g·mL~(-1)时,POD活性数值上均高于对照。以上表明在一定浓度范围内醇提物可以增强防御酶活性,未破坏植物的防御酶体系。因此,该醇提物作为一种新型的中药杀菌剂有巨大的开发和利用潜力。利用GC-MS联用技术,可从醇提物中鉴定出30种化学成分,这些物质中多为苯丙素类物质,如β-细辛醚、α-(细辛醚和顺式甲基异丁香油酚等,其中含量最高的物质为β-细辛醚(42.48%)。这提示在后续的研究中,可针对β-细辛醚等醇提物的主要化学成分进行。     

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Chinese Propolis

The chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil of propolis (EOP) collected from 25 locations in China was investigated. Steam‐distillation extraction was used to extract the EOP, and chemical composition was identified by GC/MS. The antioxidant activities of EOP were also measured. The result showed that a total of 406 compounds were detected in EOP. The major compounds of Chinese EOP were cedrol, γ‐eudesmol, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, 2‐methoxy‐4‐vinylphenol, 3,4‐dimethoxystyrene and guaiol. Principal component analysis revealed the significant correlation between EOP compositions and their origins, and certain correlation was detected between EOP and their color. Linear discriminant analysis showed that 88 % and 84 % of the propolis samples were predicted correctly as the groupings identified by climatic zone and the color, respectively. Furthermore, the differences of antioxidant activities of EOP were significant. EOP of Shandong had the strongest antioxidant activities, whereas EOP of Guangdong, Yunnan and Hunan showed the poorest.     

Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of Broussonetia papyrifera fruits

Fruits of Broussonetia papyrifera from South China were analyzed for their total chemical composition, and antioxidant activities in ethanol and aqueous extracts. In the fruit of this plant, the crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates was 7.08%, 3.72% and 64.73% of dry weight, respectively. The crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates were 15.71%, 20.51% and 36.09% of dry weight, respectively. Fatty acid and amino acid composition of the fruit were analyzed. Unsaturated fatty acid concentration was 70.6% of the total fatty acids. The percentage of the essential amino acids (EAAs) was 40.60% of the total amino acids. Furthermore, B. papyrifera fruit are rich in many mineral elements and vitamins. Total phenolic content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, whereas antioxidant activities were assessed by measuring the ability of the two extracts to scavenge DPPH radicals, inhibit peroxidation, and chelate ferric ions. Their reducing power was also assessed. Results indicated that the aqueous extract of B. papyrifera was a more potent reducing agent and radical-scavenger than the ethanol extract. GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extract showed the presence of some acid-containing compounds. The changes in total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in B. papyrifera from four different regions grown under normal conditions were assessed. The antioxidant activity of different extracts was positively associated with their total phenolic content. These results suggest that the fruit of B. papyrifera could be used in dietary supplement preparations, or as a food additive, for nutritional gain, or to prevent oxidation in food products.     

Antioxidant properties of methanol extract and its solvent fractions obtained from selected Indian red seaweeds

In vitro antioxidant activities of three selected Indian red seaweeds - viz., Euchema kappaphycus, Gracilaria edulis and Acanthophora spicifera were evaluated. Total phenolic content and reducing power of crude methanol extract were determined. The antioxidant activities of total methanol extract and five different solvent fractions (viz., petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane (DCM), butanol (BuOH) and aqueous) were also evaluated. EA fraction of A. spicifera exhibited higher total antioxidant activity (32.01 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g extract) among all the fractions. Higher phenolic content (16.26 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) was noticed in PE fraction of G. edulis. Reducing power of crude methanol extract increased with increasing concentration of the extract. Reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of E. kappaphycus were higher compared to standard antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol). The total phenol content of all the seaweeds was significantly different (P<0.05). In vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of all the three seaweeds exhibited dose dependency; and increased with increasing concentration of the extract.     

Comparison of Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Rubus ulmifolius Extracts Originating from Four Regions of Tunisia

In the current study, the phenolic composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts from Rubus ulmifolius Schott leaves harvested in four localities (Sejnen, Tabarka, Faija and Ain drahem) in Tunisia were investigated for the first time. Great differences were found for the chemical composition, total phenol contents and biological activities among the evaluated extracts. HPLC analysis of methanolic extracts showed that the dominant compounds were kaempferol 3‐O‐rutinoside and naringenine. In addition, significant correlations were observed between antioxidant activities and phenolic contents. In fact, leaves collected from Sejnen presented higher total phenol content (53.32 mg GAE/g DW) and antioxidant activities (IC₅₀ = 39.40 mg/l) than the others samples. All extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity against six used bacteria with the inhibition zones diameters and minimal inhibitory concentration values were in the range of 8 – 16 mm and 6.25 – 25 mg/ml, respectively. The highest antimicrobial activities were recorded in Sejnen extract against Gram‐positive bacteria.     

The In vitro antioxidant properties of chinese highland lichens

Antioxidant properties of 46 lichen species collected from high-UV exposed alpine areas of southwestern China were evaluated for their therapeutic utilization. Anti-linoleic acid peroxidation activity, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, reducing power and the total phenolic contents were assessed in methanol extract of the lichens in vitro. Extracts of Peltigera praetextata and Sticta nylanderiana exhibited potent activity in all antioxidant tests. Especially, extracts of S. nylanderiana exhibited 1.37 times higher anti-linoleic acid peroxidation activity than ascorbic acid used as a positive control. It also showed the strongest free radical scavenging activity among all the tested species with an inhibition of 90.4% at the concentration of 330microgram/ml. Potent reducing power was also detected in the lichen extract compared with BHA. Generally, the antioxidant lichens contained large amount of phenolic contents. The activity-guided bioautographic TLC and HPLC analysis are used to find out the compounds responsible for the potent antioxidant activities of S. nylanderiana extract. The analysis demonstrated that lecanoric acid is one of the effective antioxidant compounds in S. nylanderiana. The results suggested that several highland lichens can be used as a novel bioresource for natural antioxidants.     

紫娇花挥发油成分的GC-MS分析及抗氧化能力测定

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和固相微萃取法提取紫娇花不同部位的挥发油,结合气相色谱—质谱(GC-MS)与计算机检索联用技术对其化学成分进行分析和鉴定,用面积归一化法测定各组分的相对含量,并对该挥发油清除DPPH·自由基能力和总抗氧化能力进行了研究。结果表明:紫娇花挥发油具有成分及相对含量差异大、成分较简单、化合物种类以含硫化合物为主的特点。两种方法在紫娇花不同部位挥发油中共检测出了16种化学成分,以硫醚类和含硫烃类化合物为主,相对含量占总成分在80%以上,其中Disulfide,bis(2-sulfhydrylethyl)-含量最高,其余许多成分还具有一定的药用价值。两种方法所得到的挥发油化学成分具有一定的差异性,固相微萃取法对醇类、醛类和酯类物质提取效果较好,而水蒸气蒸馏法对含硫烃类、硫醚类和萜类的提取效果更好。实验条件下紫娇花挥发油清除DPPH·自由基的IC_(50)为17.46 mg·mL~(-1),清除率可达54.86%;紫娇花挥发油在相同条件下较L-抗坏血酸具有更强的总抗氧化力。该研究结果为进一步开发利用该植物资源提供了理论依据。     

江西迷迭香精油的成分分析及抗氧化、抑菌活性研究

为了研究江西迷迭香精油的化学成分及抗氧化、抑菌活性,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取迷迭香精油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对迷迭香精油成分进行分析,通过对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基的清除活性和还原力来研究迷迭香精油的体外抗氧化活性;通过以枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌为供试菌,测定抑菌圈大小和最低抑菌浓度(MIC)来研究迷迭香精油的抑菌活性。实验结果表明,从迷迭香精油中鉴定出40种化学成分,占精油总量的99.46%,其主要化学成分有α-蒎烯(39.05%)和1,8-桉叶素(16.86%),其次是莰烯(4.22%)、D-柠檬烯(3.87%)、龙脑(3.74%)、β-石竹烯(3.11%)等,α-蒎烯的含量高于国内其他产地;迷迭香精油对DPPH、羟基自由基和还原力的半数清除率IC₅₀值分别为76.42、51.40和49.15μL/mL;精油对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌圈大小分别为14.40±0.66、11.41±0.19、11.70±0.27 mm,最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为2.50、10.00、10.00μL/mL,对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用明显强于金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌。结果表明迷迭香精油具有较好的抗氧化、抑菌活性。     

Chemical composition effects onto antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of propolis collected from different regions of Turkey

Chrysin, apigenin, flavonoids, flavanones, naringenin, ethyl oleate, 3-4-dimethoxy-cinnamic acid and 9-octadecenoic acid were the predominant components of propolis samples collected from different regions of Turkey. The extracts of P3 from Denizli-Ba?karci, P5 from Denizli and P7 from Tekirda? had effective antibacterial activities on Gram-negatives. Chrysin, which has antibacterial activity, was found to be high concentration. The extracts of P3, P2B from Aydin and P6 from Konya had much more effective antibacterial activities on Gram-positives. The total antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts added to linoleic acid emulsion. All doses of propolis ethanol extract displayed antioxidant activity.     

Comparison of Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Different Varieties of Chrysanthemum Flos in China

Chrysanthemum Flos is the prestigious traditional Chinese medicinal material and the popular health drink. This article comprehensively evaluated the chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and hepatoprotective effects of 25 common chrysanthemum varieties in China. Firstly, we analyzed the chemical compositions of water extracts of chrysanthemum using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS, and identified 29 chemical components. The results displayed that chrysanthemum was rich in chemical constituents, but there were significant differences in the contents of four phenolic acids and five flavonoids among different varieties, and the coefficient of variation (CVs) ranged from 35.96 % to 114.62 %. Then, the antioxidant activities of different chrysanthemums were investigated, respectively via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The spectrum-effect relationships between nine main components and antioxidant activities were investigated to identify the antioxidant constitutes in chrysanthemums. Meanwhile, H₂O₂-induced hepatocyte injury testing showed wide variation in cultivar antioxidant capacity, with Tongchengju (TCJ) producing the best effect (90.32 %), followed by Chuju (CJ; 85.78 %). In addition, the hepatoprotective effects of 8 mainstream varieties were determined by the model of acute alcoholic liver injury. They protected liver from injury by affecting relevant liver function and antioxidant indexes. Huangshangongju (HSG) could decrease aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity by 39.27 % in liver tissue; Hangju-Fubaiju (HJ-FBJ), Jinsihuangju (JSH), and Chuju (CJ) significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of liver tissue, which reduced by more than 40 %; Jinsihuangju (JSH) of used for tea could double the content of glutathione (GSH) and had the similar effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) as the positive group, showing significant antioxidant capacity. Therefore, this study confirmed that chrysanthemums are potential resources as antioxidants, functional foods, and medicinal materials. Importantly, it may provide a scientific support for further development and utilization of chrysanthemum, and screen excellent varieties for different demands.     

Antifungal activity of crude extracts and fat-soluble constituents of Holotrichia diomphalia larvae

In this study, chemical compositions of fatty oils and bioactivity of crude extracts from Holotrichia diomphalia larvae as Chinese materia medica were investigated for the first time. The chemical compositions of the fatty oils were obtained by two different methods and determined by GC/MS. In total, the petroleum ether extract produced 21 compounds (96.3%) while the supercritical fluid extract produced six compounds (99.53%) for identification. The effect of petroleum ether and other crude extracts on Pyricularia oryzae was also examined. Results indicated that ethanol and petroleum ether extracts had excellent antifungal activities. These findings demonstrated that fatty oils from H. diomphalia larvae had great potential to be used as a source for natural health products.