昆明水源水和自来水水质致突变性及化学背景值：II.蝌蚪红细胞微核…

本文研究的目的是以蝌蚪微核及ＣＨＯ培养细胞染色体畸变（ＣＡ）及姐妹染色单体交换（ＳＣＥ）为指示器,研究昆明市各水厂自来水和它们源水的潜在致突变性,结果表明：（１）各水厂自来水及它们的源水诱发蝌蚪微核率,除Ｙ－水厂自来水外都有显著性差异。（２）ＣＡ率的结果;各水厂自来水及源水和对照组除了Ｗ－水厂自来水外,都没有显著性差异（３）ＳＣＥ率;高浓度组（０．０６２５Ｌ／ｍｌ）滇池源水及Ｗ－水厂自来水和低浓度     

刺激大鼠视上核后电针“足三里”对蓝斑灌流液中去甲肾上腺素含量的影响

运用行为测痛结合蓝斑（ＬＣ）灌流液去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）的高压液相（ＨＰＬＣ）测定；观察 大鼠痛阈（ＰＴ）与ＬＣ灌流液中去甲肾上腺素含量变化间的相互关系，结果表明：（ｌ）视上核 （ＳＯＮ）内注射 １０μｍＬ－谷氨酸（Ｌ－ｇｌｕｔａｍｉｃａｃｉｄ， Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ）后 ３０分钟，大鼠ＰＴ较注射前增加１３３． ２± ２１．４％，此时ＬＣ 灌流液中ＮＥ含量从注射前的４３７．３±２０．４ｎｇ／ｍｌ降到２２９．２±１１．９ｎｇ／ｍｌ，注射 后６０分钟ＰＴ仍比注射前高８３．９±１４．７％，而灌流液中ＮＥ的含量为３２８．６±２８．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，与人工 脑脊液（ＡＣＳＦ）对照组相比有非常明显的差别（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１）。（２） ＳＯＮ注射Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ后，电 针足三里３０分钟（Ｌ－ＧＩＵ＋ＥＡ组）增加到注射前的１８８．２±２３．９％，同ＡＣＳＦ电针组（ＡＣＳＦ＋ ＥＡ）的 ９４．９±７．１％相比有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。此时ＬＣ灌流液中ＮＥ的含量虽较注射前都明显 降低、分别为１３７．６±７．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ和 １５１，１±１１．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，但两者相比无明显差异。停针后３０分钟Ｌ－ Ｇｌｕ＋ＥＡ组的ＰＴ仍比注射前高１３３．８±２７．９％，明显高于     

L－NNA和还原型Hb对SHRsp肠系膜动脉内皮依赖性舒张的影响

我们以往的工作证实成年自发高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ与ＳＨＲｓｐ）肠系膜动脉由乙酰胆碱引起的内皮依赖性舒张（ＥＤＲ）减弱。为进一步探讨ＥＤＲ减弱的机制，本文观察了一氧化氮（ＮＯ）合成酶抑制剂左旋硝基精氨酸（Ｌ－ＮＮＡ）及ＥＤＲＦ灭活剂还原型血红蛋白（ＲＨｂ）对卒中易感型自发高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲｓｐ）与常压对照（ＷＫＹ）大鼠肠系膜动脉ＡＣｈ内皮依赖性舒张（ＥＤＲ）的影响。发现Ｌ－ＮＮＡ（１０（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可使ＳＨＲｓｐ弱于ＷＫＹ的ＡＣｈＥＤＲ（１０（－８）－１０（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的差异消失，ＲＨｂ（１０（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）则仅在１０（－７）－１０（－８）ｍｏｌ／ＬＡＣｈ时使ＳＨＲ（ｓｐ）肠系膜动脉ＥＤＲ弱于ＷＫＹ的差异消失。将ＷＫＹ在加入Ｌ－ＮＮＡ后的与加入ＲＨｂ后的ＡＣｈ（１０（－８）－１０（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）ＥＤＲ进行比较，无显著差异。而将ＳＨＲｓｐ在Ｌ－ＮＮＡ后的与ＲＨｂ后的ＡＣｈ（１０（－８）－１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）ＥＤＲ进行比较，则有显著差异。并且，ＳＨＲｓｐ的有内皮肠系膜动脉条对ＲＨｂ的敏感性与ＷＫＹ接近，对Ｌ－ＮＮＡ的敏感性则低于ＷＫＹ。表明高血压时肠系膜动脉内皮依赖性舒张减弱中，ＥＤＲＦ机制与     

抚仙湖有机污染物化学背景值及人淋巴细胞体外致突变性评定

用ＸＡＤ－２树脂提取抚仙湖７个采样点的有机物质水样提取物,用气相色谱／质谱（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）进行分析,在每种水样品中发现有上百种有机污染物,提取物用培养的人淋巴细胞系姐妹染色单体交换（ＳＣＥ）试验作致突变潜力检查,结果显示,仅入湖口水样在高浓度组（０．０６２５Ｌ／ｍＬ）诱发ＳＣＥ明显增加。     

内皮素和bFGF对MC的促增殖作用及胰岛素的协同效应

采用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入法,测定碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）、胰岛素和内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）对体外培养的大鼠肾小球系膜细胞（ＭＣ）增殖的影响,以及胰岛素与ｂＦＧＦ或ＥＴ－１促ＭＣ增殖的协同作用。结果表明,不同浓度的ｂＦＧＦ（５－２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ）和胰岛素（０．１－２．４Ｕ／ｍｌ）均显著升高ＭＣ的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入值（ｃｐｍ值）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＥＴ－１对ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值的影响依剂量不同呈现两种不同的效应,在１０－９－１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,随着浓度的升高,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,并以１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ作用最强;当升高到１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值出现降低趋势。胰岛素与ｂＦＧＦ或低浓度ＥＴ－１（≤１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）共同作用于ＭＣ时,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值明显高于二者单独作用之和（Ｐ＜０．０１）,与高浓度ＥＴ－１（＞１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）共同作用于ＭＣ时,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值小于二者单独作用之和（Ｐ＞０．０５）。上述结果说明,胰岛素、ｂＦＧＦ和ＥＴ－１均能显著促进ＭＣ增殖;胰岛素与ｂＦＧＦ或低浓度的ＥＴ－１促ＭＣ增殖具有正协同作用,与高浓度ＥＴ－１呈现负协同作用。     

动情周期中大鼠输卵管上皮凝集素受体的研究

大鼠动情周期包括动情前期（ＰＥ）、动情期（Ｅ）、动脉后期（ＭＥ）和动情间期（ＤＥ）。采用生物素标记的５种凝集素（ＣｏｎＡ、ＰＮＡ、ＲＣＡ、ＵＥＡ－Ｉ以及ＷＧＡ）对大鼠动情周期中输卵管上皮细胞的凝集素受体进行了研究,发现在大鼠动情周期中输卵管粘膜上皮细胞凝集素受体均有不同程度的变化：其中,ＣｏｎＡ的阳性反应以ＰＥ组最强,ＤＥ组最弱（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＰＮＡ的阳性反应以Ｅ组最强,ＤＥ组为阴性;ＲＣＡ的阳性反应强度以ＰＥ和Ｅ组最强,ＤＥ组最弱（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＵＥＡ－Ⅰ的阳性反应颗粒可见于动情周期各期,但以ＰＥ组为强（Ｐ＜０．０１）,其它各期间的反应强度差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）;ＷＧＡ的阳性反应以ＤＥ组最强,与其它各组比较,差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）,其它各组之间阳性反应强度差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。说明输卵管上皮细胞的糖组分在动情周期中发生了某些变化。推测这些变化有利于输卵管功能活动的进行     

中国黄耆属一新种

中国黄耆属一新种朱相云,陈家瑞（中国科学院植物研究所,北京１０００－９３）ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＡＳＴＲＡＧＡＬＵＳ（ＬＥＧＵＭＩＮＯＳＡＥ）ＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＺｈｕＸｉａｎｇｙｕｎａｎｄＣｈｅｎＣｈｉａｒｕｉ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｏｔａｎ...     

NO对大鼠睡眠-觉醒的调节

目的和方法：通过对大鼠侧脑室微量注射ＮＯＳ抑制剂Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ及ＮＯ的前体Ｌ－精氨酸（Ｌ－Ａｒｇ）观察两种物质对大鼠睡眠－觉醒的影响。结果：注射１ｍｇ Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ（５μＬ）后４ｈ觉醒（Ｗ）明显增加,尤以注射后第１￣２ｈ显著;４ｈ慢波睡眠（ＳＷＳ）明显减少,该效应同样以注射后第１￣２ｈ显著;异相睡眠（ＰＳ）无明显变化。小剂量Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ（０．２ｍｇ,５μｌ）对大鼠的Ｗ、ＳＷＳ、ＰＳ无明显影响;同样方     

锂对小鼠高增殖潜能集落形成细胞和粒巨噬系祖细胞体外增殖的影响

本文观察了锂对ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠骨髓高增殖潜能集落形成细胞（ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ）和粒巨噬系祖细胞ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ体外增殖的影响。ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ集落由ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６、ＷＥＨＩ３条件培养液（ＷＥＨＩ３－ＣＭ,含有ＩＬ－３）及Ｌ９２９条件培养液（Ｌ９２９－ＣＭ,含有Ｍ－ＣＳＦ）所支持,而ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ由ＷＥＨＩ３－ＣＭ所支持。结果显示,ＬｉＣｌ浓度在０．４－２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时呈现剂量依赖性抑制ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ增殖;而在０．４－１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的浓度范围内,则对ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的增殖起剂量依赖性促进作用。这些结果提示ＬｉＣｌ对ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ和ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的作用不同,可能锂有诱导ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ向成熟细胞分化的作用     

花的衰老与切花保鲜

花的衰老与切花保鲜李宪章（中国科学院植物研究所北京１０００４４）ＦＬＯＷＥＲＳＥＮＥＳＣＥＮＣＥＡＮＤＰＲＥＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＣＵＴＦＬＯＷＥＲＳ￥ＬｉＸｉａｎ－ｚｈａｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｏｔａｎｙ,ＡｃａｄｅｍｉａＳｉｎｉｃａ,Ｂｅｉ...     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.