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1.
POU1F1基因的遗传变异对南阳牛生长发育性状的影响   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
利用PCR-RFLP技术首次研究了南阳牛群体100个个体POU1F1基因多态性及其与体重、体尺等生长性状指标之间的相关性。结果表明,南阳牛群体POU1F1基因座的451bp的PCR产物被限制性酶Hinf Ⅰ消化后表现多态性,它们的等位基因A/B频率为:0.465/0.535,且处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。同时,南阳牛群体POU1F1-Hinf Ⅰ基因座不同基因型与体重、体尺等生长性状指标相关分析的结果表明:南阳牛群体内BB与AB基因型个体在初生重、断奶前平均日增重、六月龄体重、体斜长和胸围以及十二月龄的体重、体高、体斜长和胸围指标上有显著差异,且BB〉AB(P〈0.05);群体内BB型个体在十二月龄体重指标上显著高于群体的AA型个体,即BB〉AA(P〈0.05),在其他各年龄段的各项体重和体尺指标上同样呈现出B等位基因高于A等位基因的一种趋势。初步认为BB基因型为优势基因型,相应地B为优势等位基因,对选择有正向效应,提示POU1F1基因的占等位基因可能与高生长发育性状有关。  相似文献   

2.
为探索4个牦牛品种MC1R基因多态性的相关信息,选取甘南牦牛、天祝白牦牛、青海高原牦牛、大通牦牛4个品种共408头个体为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP方法分析牦牛MC1R基因部分序列的基因多态性。结果表明,与GenBank中牛MCIR基因序列(登录号:AF445641.1)比对发现,该扩增片段在3 891 bp处发生C→G的突变,在3 912 bp处发生T→C的突变,共发现CC、DD、EE、CD、CE和DE 6种基因型。4个牦牛品种中CD、CE和DE 3种基因型在青海高原牦牛和大通牦牛中占主要优势,这3种基因型频率总和在青海高原牦牛和大通牦牛群体中分别是0.778和0.781。DD和CD两基因型是甘南牦牛群里中的优势基因型,其基因型频率分别是0.351和0.328。天祝白牦牛中优势基因型是DD,其基因型频率是0.500。D等位基因是4个地方品种牦牛中的优势等位基因。4个地方品种在该基因座上都处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。青海高原牦牛和大通牦牛两个群体处于高度多态(PIC>0.5),甘南牦牛和天祝白牦牛处于中度多态(0.25相似文献   

3.
水貂GH基因SNP_S与皮张长度的相关性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以水貂生长激素(GH)基因作为控制水貂皮张长度性状主基因的候选基因,以大兴安岭水貂养殖基地养殖的水貂群为试验材料,通过PCR-SSCP方法对GH基因进行多态性检测。在该基因内含子1中发现1处碱基突变:C→A,并检测到3种基因型(AA、AB、BB),BB基因型个体与AA基因型个体皮张长度有一定的差异(P0.05)。在外显子2中发现2处碱基突变:T→A、C→G,并由此检测到了3种基因型,分别命名CC、CD、DD,但3种基因型对水貂皮长的影响没有显著的差异(P0.05)。统计各基因型之间的组合给水貂皮长带来的影响时,发现多数组合基因型对所检测的水貂皮长有显著影响(P0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)MC4R基因的多态性分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用PCR-SSCP(single strand conformation polymorphism)技术和DNA测序方法分析红鳍东方鲀MC4R(Melanocortin-4receptor)基因编码区多态性。在MC4R基因编码区48 nt和264 nt均发生了碱基的转换突变(G→A),两个突变位点分别位于M1和M2引物扩增产物中。引物M1扩增产物SSCP分析得到两种基因型:AA基因型和AB基因型,并且AA基因型和A等位基因频率明显高于AB基因型和B等位基因。引物M2扩增产物也得到两种基因型:CC基因型和CD基因型,CC基因型和C等位基因频率明显高于CD基因型和D等位基因。遗传变异结果分析表明,两个突变位点均属于低度多态性,而且群体遗传杂合度较低,反映了该群体的遗传一致性较高。  相似文献   

5.
邢凤  李培培  李珏  李成渤  王建民 《遗传》2008,30(7):870-876
利用PCR-RFLP技术, 对莱芜黑山羊、鲁波山羊和波尔山羊3个山羊种群共 175 只个体的GOLA-DQB1基因外显子2进行遗传多态性研究, 并对山羊种群的血液免疫指标的效应进行了分析。结果表明: 3个山羊种群共检测到(AA、BB、CC、AB、AC、BC、DD)7种基因型, GOLA-DQB1基因外显子2的第24、151位的碱基表现出多态性。多数指标品种效应是主要效应。莱芜黑山羊中, BC基因型的淋巴细胞百分比(W-SCR)显著高于AC 、CC基因型(P<0.05), 中性球比例(W-LCR)显著低于CC基因型(P<0.05), 大型白细胞数(W-LCC)低于AC、CC基因型, 但差异不显著(P>0.05)。波尔山羊中, BC基因型的W-LCC低于AA 、AB 、BB基因型, 但差异不显著(P>0.05)。鲁波山羊中, BC 、AC基因型的W-LCC显著低于AA基因型(P<0.05)。揭示GOLA-DQB1基因与血液免疫性状有一定的相关性。  相似文献   

6.
利用PCR-SSCP技术检测了344头中国荷斯坦牛Nramp1基因exon 11的基因多态性, 并分析了其不同基因型与乳房炎及产奶量性状的关系。结果表明: 实验群体发现3种基因型AA、AB、BB, 其中A等位基因为优势等位基因, 等位基因频率为0.767, 而B等位基因频率则为0.233。经χ2适合性检验, 群体处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。测序结果显示: 扩增片段分别在200 bp(C/G)和254 bp(T/G)存在碱基突变, 并导致了氨基酸改变, 分别为丙氨酸替换为脯氨酸(Ala356Pro)、亮氨基酸替换为蛋氨酸(Leu374Met)。通过构建最小二乘线性模型, 进行Nramp1基因多态性与产奶量、体细胞评分(SCS)的相关性分析表明, AA型个体的SCS最小二乘均值显著低于BB﹑AB型(P<0.05), 而AA型﹑AB个体的产奶量最小二乘均值显著高于BB型(P<0.01, P<0.05), AA基因型可作为乳房炎抗性的优良基因型。因此, 可将Nramp1作为奶牛乳房炎候选基因应用于分子标记辅助选择育种。  相似文献   

7.
大蜡螟幼虫的体色遗传规律   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
对大蜡螟Galleria mellonella幼虫不同颜色品系的普通遗传学分析表明,大蜡螟幼虫的体色遗传是常染色体遗传且符合复等位基因遗传规律。深黄色基因(AA)对灰黑色基因(BB)和灰色基因(CC)为显性,深黄色基因(AA)对白黄色基因(DD)、灰黑色基因(BB)对白黄色基因(DD)和灰色基因(CC)、灰色基因(CC)对白黄色基因(DD)为不完全显性。基因型为AD、BD、CD的个体,其表现型均为黄色;基因型为AA、BC的个体,其表现型均为深黄色。  相似文献   

8.
旨在为探究牦牛MC1R基因多态性与毛色形成的相关性,利用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术,对64头牦牛(33头黑色九龙牦牛,31头白色天祝白牦牛)的MC1R基因多态性进行检测。结果表明:天祝白牦牛和九龙牦牛均有3种基因型(AA、BB、AB),但天祝白牦牛的多态性较低,而九龙牦牛表现为中度多态。经χ2适合性检验,2个牦牛品种在该基因多态位点上均偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。测序结果表明BB型与AA型在该片段的第179位碱基处存在C→A单碱基突变;第214位碱基处发生T→C突变。  相似文献   

9.
MC4R基因的SNPs及其与屠体性状的相关研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
黑素皮质素受体(MC4R, melanocortin-4 receptor)基因的突变与猪、鼠和人等的食欲、肥胖、生长等性状有关, 而鸡MC4R基因的功能却知之甚少. 利用PCR-SSCP(single strand conformation polymorphism)和DNA测序的方法, 对资源家系F2代鸡群MC4R基因多态性进行了分析, 发现存在4个单核苷酸多态(SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms)位点. 其中, 在MC4R基因5′调控区-524 nt发生了碱基的转换突变(C→T), 导致突变型基因比野生型基因多了一个NF-E2和一个cap转录因子结合位点; 在MC4R编码区(61 nt)发生了碱基的错义突变(G→A), 导致此处蛋白质的氨基酸由甘氨酸变为精氨酸; 在MC4R编码区315和336 nt发生了碱基的颠换突变(G→T)和转换突变(C→T), 这两个突变为同义突变. 通过最小二乘分析SNPs与屠体性状的关系, 结果是突变的BB, DD和FF等基因型与鸡的体重、全净膛重(或半净膛重)、腿肉重等存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的关系, 但与腹脂重不显著. 结果表明, MC4R基因可以作为影响和控制鸡体重、生长等屠体性状的主要候选基因.  相似文献   

10.
秦川牛和中国荷斯坦牛POU1F1基因多态性研究   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
严林俊  刘波  房兴堂  陈宏  张润锋  鲍斌  张海军 《遗传》2006,28(11):1371-1375
采用PCR-RFLP技术研究了秦川牛(QQ)和中国荷斯坦牛(HC)共计218头个体POU1F1基因的多态性。结果表明: 秦川牛及中国荷斯坦牛群体POU1F1-HinfⅠ基因座的451 bp 的PCR产物经限制性酶HinfⅠ消化后表现多态, 其等位基因A/B频率分别为0.232/0.768、0.132/0.868; 两个群体AA、AB和BB 3种基因型的频率分别为0.030/0.403/0.567、0.007/0.251/0.742。在该基因座秦川牛群体处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态, 中国荷斯坦牛群体处于不平衡状态。它们在该基因座的杂合度、有效等位基因数、Shannon信息熵、多态信息含量分别为0.356/1.553/0.541/0.292、0.229/1.297/0.390/0.203; 秦川牛群体的位点杂合度、有效等位基因数、Shannon信息熵、多态信息含量均大于中国荷斯坦牛群体。  相似文献   

11.
The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of single and combined genotypes of MC4R and POU1F1 genes in Chinese well-known indigenous chicken (Langshan chicken) population. Genetic variants within MC4R gene and POU1F1 gene were screened through PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods. A C/T mutation at nt 944 in MC4R gene (NC_006089.2:g. 944C>T) and a G/A mutation at nt 3109 in POU1F1 gene (NC_006088.2:g. 3109 G>A) were identified. Associations between the mutations of the two genes with two production traits were analyzed. The results showed that, at MC4R locus, individuals with BB and AB genotypes had highly significantly higher body weight at 16 weeks (p < 0.01) than did those with the AA genotype. And, individuals within AA and AB genotypes had significantly higher egg numbers at 300 days (p < 0.05). At POU1F1 locus, individuals with CD genotype had higher body weight at 16 weeks and egg numbers at 300 days (p < 0.05). Furthermore, combined genotypes from these two loci were found to be associated with egg numbers at 300 days (p < 0.05). The individuals within combined genotype AB/CD had higher egg production. Therefore, variations identified within the MC4R and POU1F1genes are suitable for future use in identifying chickens with the genetic potential of higher body weight and reproductive traits, at least in the population of Langshan chickens.  相似文献   

12.
In order to analyze the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MyoG and Myf5 genes with chicken growth traits, PCR-SSCP approach was used to detect the (SNPs). The general linear model was used to analyze gene interaction and genetic effects between different genotypes and growth traits of the Jinghai yellow chicken. For the MyoG gene, three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were detected in the Jinghai yellow chicken population. Gene sequencing revealed one mutation (T36C) in the genotype BB in comparison to the genotype AA. For the Myf5 gene, three genotypes (CC, CD and DD) were detected in the Jinghai yellow chicken population. Gene sequencing revealed one mutation (A1313G) in the genotype DD in comparison to the genotype CC. Gene interaction effect has significant influence on 6, 8-week-weight and 300-day-weight. The least square analysis showed that individuals with BB genotype of the MyoG gene had higher bodyweight at 2, 4, 10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks compared to individuals with AA and AB genotypes. Individuals with CD genotype of the Myf5 gene had higher birth weight than individuals with CC genotype (P < 0.05). The interactive genotype AB*DD performs well at 6, 8 weeks and 300 days bodyweight. The results suggested that SNPs of the MyoG and Myf5 genes had certain effects on growth traits of the Jinghai yellow chicken.  相似文献   

13.
家禽垂体特异转录因子POU1F1研究进展   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
姜润深  杨宁 《遗传》2004,26(6):957-961
  相似文献   

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15.
BACKGROUND: Evolution depends on natural selection acting on phenotypic variation, but the genes responsible for phenotypic variation in natural populations of vertebrates are rarely known. The molecular genetic basis for plumage color variation has not been described in any wild bird. Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola) are small passerine birds that occur as two main plumage variants, a widespread yellow morph with dark back and yellow breast and a virtually all black melanic morph. A candidate gene for this color difference is the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), a key regulator of melanin synthesis in feather melanocytes. RESULTS: We sequenced the MC1R gene from four Caribbean populations of the bananaquit; two populations of the yellow morph and two populations containing both the yellow morph and the melanic morph. A point mutation resulting in the replacement of glutamate with lysine was present in at least one allele of the MC1R gene in all melanic birds and was absent in all yellow morph birds. This substitution probably causes the color variation, as the same substitution is responsible for melanism in domestic chickens and mice. The evolutionary relationships among the MC1R haplotypes show that the melanic alleles on Grenada and St. Vincent had a single origin. The low prevalence of nonsynonymous substitutions among yellow haplotypes suggests that they have been under stabilizing selection, whereas strong selective constraint on melanic haplotypes is absent. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a mutation in the MC1R is responsible for the plumage polymorphism in a wild bird population and that the melanic MC1R alleles in Grenada and St. Vincent bananaquit populations have a single evolutionary origin from a yellow allele.  相似文献   

16.
POU1F1 is a positive regulator for prolactin (PRL) whose metabolites may directly or indirectly affect some aspects of the hair growth cycle, therefore, POU1F1 gene is an important candidate gene for cashmere traits selection through marker-assisted selection (MAS). Hence, in this study, the PCR-RFLP method was applied to detect a T>C transition determining a PstI polymorphism at the 3′UTR of POU1F1 locus and evaluate its associations with cashmere traits in 847 Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goats. In the analyzed population, the allelic frequencies for the T and C alleles are 0.959 and 0.041, respectively and the genotypic frequencies are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Moreover, significant statistical relationships between the PstI polymorphism of POU1F1 gene and goat cashmere yields were found (*< 0.05). When compared with TC genotype, TT genotype was associated with superior cashmere yields in 2, 4, and 5 years old individuals, as well as with average cashmere yield. Hence, TT genotype is suggested to be a molecular marker for senior cashmere yield. X. Y. Lan and J. H. Shu have contributed equally to this article.  相似文献   

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The objective of this study was to analyze possible associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Myf5 gene with chicken growth and reproductive traits. SNPs in Myf5 of the Jinghai yellow chicken were detected by the polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism method and the haplotypes were analyzed. Eight SNPs were identified in the exons of Myf5. Nine haplotypes were established in a group of 379 Jinghai yellow chickens. In terms of growth traits, least square analysis showed that haplotype H1H5 had significant effects on weight at weeks 8 and 12 (P < 0.05). Haplotype H2H6 had significant effects on weight at weeks 12 and 14 (P < 0.05). For reproductive traits, H1H5 had higher body weight for the first egg than H1H4 and H2H4 (P < 0.05), and H1H3 (P < 0.01). H1H3 had a poor performance in average egg weight at 300 days. On the other hand, H1H3 had an advantage in egg number at 300 days. The results showed that SNPs of Myf5 have certain effects on growth and reproductive traits in Jinghai yellow chickens, which can be used in marker-assisted selection to accelerate chicken genetic progress.  相似文献   

19.
PCR-RFLP was applied to analyze the effect of the genetic variations of the POU1F1 gene on growth traits of 100 Nanyang cattle. The results showed that the 451 bp PCR product digested with Hinf I demonstrated polymorphism in the population, which was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Moreover, the frequencies of alleles A/B in the Nanyang population were 0.465/0.535. The association of the variations of the POU1F1 gene with the growth traits in the population was analyzed. The following parameters were greater in individuals with a genotype BB than in those with an genotype AB: birth weight, average weight increase before ablactation, body height at 12 months, body weight, body length, and chest girth at 6 months and 12 months (P<0.05). The body weight at 12 months was higher in the BB individuals than in the AA individuals (P <0.05). The body weight and body sizes also showed a trend of allele B> allele A in the other age groups. Therefore, the genotype BB maybe a dominant genotype and the allele B may be a dominant allele. These results imply that the allele B of the POU1F1 gene is likely to positively affect the growth traits.  相似文献   

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