共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) exhibits the S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility where the pollen-part determinant, pollen S, had long remained elusive. Recent identification of S locus F-box brothers (SFBB) in Japanese pear and apple suggested that the multiple F-box genes are the pollen S candidates as they exhibited pollen specific expression, S haplotype-specific polymorphisms and linkage to the S locus. In Japanese pear, three SFBBs were identified from a single S haplotype, and they were more homologous to other haplotype genes of the same group (i.e., α-, β- and γ-groups). In this
study, we isolated new seven PpSFBB
−γ genes from different S genotypes of Japanese pear. These genes showed S haplotype-specific polymorphisms, however, sequence similarities among them were very high. Based on the sequence polymorphisms
of the PpSFBB
−γ genes, we developed a CAPS/dCAPS system for S genotyping of the Japanese pear cultivars. This new S genotyping system was found to not only be able to discriminate the S
1–S
9, but also be suitable for identification of the mutant S
4sm haplotype for the breeding of self-compatible cultivars, and detection of new S haplotypes such as S
k. 相似文献
2.
H. Sassa N. Mase H. Hirano H. Ikehashi 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,89(2-3):201-205
In this study, stylar proteins of apple (Malus x domestica) which correlate with known intervarietal incompatibility relationships and have similar characteristics to the S-glycoproteins of Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina) were surveyed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Varietal differences were detected in a group of glycoproteins having Mrs and pIs similar to those of the S-glycoproteins of Japanese pear. 2D-PAGE profiles of these glycoproteins were correlated with intervarietal incompatibility relationships. These glycoproteins reacted with antiserum raised against the S
4-glycoprotein of Japanese pear, a result suggesting that they may be the products of S-alleles in styles of apple. On the basis of the profiles of the putative S-glycoproteins, S-genotypes were proposed for each of the apple cultivars examined. 相似文献
3.
Tatsuya Tsukamoto T. Ando Hisashi Kokubun Hitoshi Watanabe Masahiro Masada X. Zhu Eduardo Marchesi T. Kao 《Sexual plant reproduction》1999,12(1):6-13
Many members of the Solanaceae display a type of gametophytic self-incompatibility which is controlled by a single multiallelic
locus, called the S-locus. From our previous survey of more than 100 natural populations of Petunia axillaris (a solanaceous species) in Uruguay, we had found that the majority of the populations of subspecies axillaris were comprised of virtually all self-incompatible individuals. The rest were ”mixed populations” which contained mostly self-incompatible
and some self-compatible individuals. In this study, we examined the self-incompatibility behavior and determined the S-genotypes of 33 plants raised from seeds obtained from one such mixed population, designated U1. We found that 30 of the
33 plants (designated U1–1 through U1–33) were self-incompatible and a total of 18 different S-alleles were represented. To determine the S-genotypes of the three self-compatible plants (U1–2, U1–16, and U1–22) and the possible causes for the breakdown of their
self-incompatibility, we carried out reciprocal crosses between each of them and each of the 18 S-homozygotes (S
1
S
1
through S
18
S
18
) obtained from bud-selfed progeny of 14 of the 30 self-incompatible plants. For U1–2 and U1–16, we also carried out additional
crosses with U1–25 (with S
1
S
13
genotype) and an S
13
S
15
plant (obtained from a cross between an S
13
-homozygote and an S
15
-homozygote), respectively. Based on all the pollination results and analysis of the production of S-RNases, products of S-alleles in the pistil, we determined the S-genotypes of U1–2, U1–16, and U1–22, and propose that the breakdown of self-incompatibility in these three plants is caused
by suppression of the production of S13-RNase from the S
13
-allele they all carry. We have termed this phenomenon ”stylar-part suppression of an S-allele” or SPS.
Received: 25 September 1998 / Revision accepted: 22 December 1998 相似文献
4.
Apple exhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) that is controlled by the multiallelic S-locus. This S-locus encodes
polymorphicS ribonuclease (S-RNase) for the pistil-part 5 determinant. Information aboutS-genotypes is important when selecting pollen donors for fruit production and breeding of new cultivars. We determined the
5-genotypes of ‘Charden’ (S2S3S4), ‘Winesap’ (S1S28), ‘York Imperial’ (S2S31), ‘Stark Earliblaze’ (S1S28), and ‘Burgundy’ (S20S32), byS-RNase sequencing and S-allele-specific PCR analysis. Two newS-RNases, S31 and S32, were also identified from ‘York Imperial’ and ‘Burgundy’, respectively. These newS-alleles contained the conserved eight cysteine residues and two histidine residues essential for RNase activity. Whereas
S31 showed high similarity to S20 (94%), S32 exhibited 58% (to S24) to 76% (to S25) similarity in the exon regions. We designed newS-allele-specific primers for amplifying S31- and S32-RNasc-specific fragments; these can serve as specific gene markers. We also rearranged the apple S-allele numbers containing
those newS-RNases. They should be useful, along with anS-RNase-based PCR system, in determining S-genotypes and analyzing new alleles from apple cultivars. 相似文献
5.
Takasaki T Moriya Y Okada K Yamamoto K Iwanami H Bessho H Nakanishi T 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(8):1543-1552
Nine full-length cDNAs of S ribonucleases (S-RNases) were cloned from stylar RNA of European pear cultivars by RT-PCR and 3′ and 5′ RACE. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences between the nine S-RNases cloned and 13 putative S alleles previously amplified by genomic PCRs revealed that seven corresponded to Sa, Sb, Sd, Se, Sh, Sk and Sl alleles, and the other two were new S alleles (designated as Sq and Sr alleles). Genomic PCR with a set of ȁ8FTQQYQȁ9 and ȁ8EP-anti-IIWPNVȁ9 primers was used to amplify nine S alleles; 1,414 bp (Sl), ca. 1.3 kb (Sk and Sq), 998 bp (Se), 440 bp (Sb) and ca. 350 bp (Sa, Sd, Sh and Sr). Among these, S alleles of similar size were discriminated by digestion with BaeI, BglII, BssHII, HindIII, EcoO109I and SphI. The PCR amplification of S allele following digestion with the restriction enzymes provided a PCR-RFLP system for rapid S-genotyping European pear cultivars harboring nine S alleles. The PCR-RFLP system assigned a total of 63 European pear cultivars to 25 genotypes. Among these, 14 genotypes were shared by two or more cultivars, which were cross-incompatible. These results suggested that the genes cloned represented the S-RNases from European pear, and that there were many cross-incompatible combinations among European pear varieties. 相似文献
6.
Itai A Kawata T Tanabe K Tamura F Uchiyama M Tomomitsu M Shiraiwa N 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1999,261(1):42-49
The shelf life of Japanese pear fruit is determined by its level of ethylene production. Relatively high levels of ethylene
reduce storage potential and fruit quality. We have identified RFLP markers tightly linked to the locus that determines the
rate of ethylene evolution in ripening fruit of the Japanese pear. The study was carried out using sequences of two types
of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase genes (PPACS1 and pPPACS2) and a ACC oxidase gene (PPAOX1) as probes
on 35 Japanese pear cultivars expressing different levels of ethylene (0.0∼300 μl/kg fresh weight/h) in ripening fruit. When
total DNA was digested with HindIII and probed with pPPACS1, we identified a band of 2.8 kb which was specific to cultivars having very high ethylene levels
(≧10 μ1/kg f.w./h) during fruit ripening. The probe pPPACS2 identified a band of 0.8 kb specific to cultivars with moderate
ethylene levels (0.5 μl/kg f.w./h–10 μl/kg f.w./h) during fruit ripening. The cultivars that produce high levels of ethylene
possess at least one additional copy of pPPACS1 and those producing moderate levels of ethylene have at least one additional
copy of pPPACS2. These results suggest that RFLP analysis with different ACC synthase genes could be useful for predicting
the maximum ethylene level during fruit ripening in Japanese pear.
Received: 1 July 1998 / Accepted: 6 October 1998 相似文献
7.
Alonso Segura JM Socias I Company R 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(2):151-158
Inbreeding depression has been observed in most fruit trees, negatively affecting the offspring of related parents. This problem
is steadily increasing due to the repeated utilization of parents in breeding programmes. In almond, self-compatibility transmission
from ‘Tuono’ to its offspring remains partially unexplained due to deviations from the expected genotype ratios. In order
to test if these deviations could be due to inbreeding, the S-genotypes of the seedlings of four almond families, ‘Tuono’ (S
1
S
f
) × ‘Ferragnès’ (S
1
S
3
), ‘Tuono’ (S
1
S
f
) × ‘Ferralise’ (S
1
S
3
) and reciprocal crosses were studied. The S-genotype determination of each seedling by separation of stylar S-RNases and by S-allele-specific PCR amplification gave identical results. The ratio of S-genotypes of the family ‘Tuono’ × ‘Ferralise’ was the one least adjusted to the expected 1:1 ratio, because the number of
self-compatible seedlings (S
f
S
3
) was less than a half the number of self-incompatible ones (S
1
S
3
). A mechanism acting against inbreeding would favour cross-breeding in the following generation to increase heterozygosity.
This fact stresses the need to avoid crosses between related parents in fruit breeding programmes. 相似文献
8.
Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) exhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility. Following our previous findings that basic ribonucleases in the styles of Japanese pear are associated with self-incompatibility genes (S-RNases), stylar proteins with high pI values were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis further to characterize S-RNases. A group of basic proteins of about 30 kDa associated with self-incompatibility genes were identified. These proteins contained sugar chains which reacted with concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin, and thus were designated as S-glycoproteins of Japanese pear. The fact that the S-glycoprotein was expressed at a much lower level in a self-compatible mutant than in the original variety suggested a role of S-glycoproteins in mediating self-incompatibility of Japanese pear. Immunoblot analysis indicated that S-glycoproteins are identical to previously identified S-RNases. The S-glycoproteins were predominantly expressed in the style, in the ovary in trace amounts, and not in leaf, pollen or germinated pollen. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the S-glycoproteins showed homology not only with each other but also with those of the S-allele-associated proteins from plants of the family Solanaceae at levels of about 30–50%. 相似文献
9.
Maofu Li Kaikai Zhu Songling Bai Zhi Liu Tianzhong Li 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2011,28(2):171-180
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) possesses gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) which is controlled by S-RNase in the pistil as well as a pollen S-determinant that has not been well characterized. The identification of S-locus F-box brother (SFBB) genes, which are good candidates for the pollen S-determinant in apple and pear, indicated the presence of multiple S-allelic polymorphic F-box genes at the S-locus. In apple, two SFBB gene groups have been described, while there are at least three groups in pear. In this report, we identified five MdSLFB (S-RNase-linked F-box) genes from four different S-genotypes of apple. These genes showed pollen- and S-allele-specific expression with a high polymorphism among S-alleles. The phylogenetic tree suggested that some of them belong to SFBBα or β groups as described previously, while others
appear to be different from SFBBs. In particular, the presence of MdSLFB3 and MdSLFB9 suggested that there are more S-allelic polymorphic F-box gene groups in the S-locus besides α and β. Based on the sequence polymorphism of MdSLFBs, we developed an S-genotyping system for apple cultivars. In addition, we isolated twelve MdSLFB-like genes, which showed pollen-specific expression without S-allelic polymorphism. 相似文献
10.
Javier Sanzol 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2009,5(3):393-405
Sexual self-incompatibility in European pear (Pyrus communis L.) is controlled by a single locus (S-locus) encoding a polymorphic stylar ribonuclease (S-RNase) that is responsible for the female function in pollen–pistil recognition. In this study, genomic DNA sequences corresponding
to five new S-RNase alleles (named S
20
, S
21
, S
22
, S
23
, and S
24
) and to S
m
were characterized in European pear cultivars. Re-sequencing S
q
from ‘General Le Clerc’ showed this S-RNase to encode the same protein as S
12
. Based on these findings, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was developed for the molecular typing of cultivars
bearing 20 S-RNases (S
1
–S
14
, S
m
, and S
20
–S
24
) using consensus and allele-specific primers. Genomic PCR with consensus primers amplified product sizes characteristic of
the S-RNases S
1
, S
2
, S
4
, S
10
, S
13
, and S
20
. However, the allele groups S
3
/S
12
, S
6
/S
8
/S
11
/S
22
and S
5
/S
7
/S
9
/S
14
/S
m
/S
21
/S
23
/S
24
amplified PCR products of similar size. To discriminate between alleles within these groups, primers to specifically amplify
each S-RNase were developed. Application of this approach in 19 cultivars with published S-alleles allowed re-evaluation of one of the alleles of ‘Passe Crassane,’ ‘Conference,’ and ‘Condo.’ Finally, this method
was used to assign S-genotypes to 37 cultivars. Test crosses confirmed molecular results.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献