丽格海棠花青素苷成分及分布对花色的影响

以红色、红心白边、粉红、玫红、黄色、黄心红边、浅粉和白色8种花色丽的格海棠花瓣为试验材料,采用目视测色法、RHSCC比色法和色差仪测定花瓣表型,通过组织切片法观察花瓣色素细胞的显微结构和分布特点,采用双光束紫外-可见光分光光度计和高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子化-质谱连用技术(HPLC-ESI-MS)测定分析花瓣中花青素苷的成分和含量,为探讨丽格海棠花色的呈色机理和花色育种提供参考。结果显示:(1)丽格海棠的明度L*随花瓣颜色变深而降低,红度a*则表现出相反趋势,红度(a*)和彩度(C*)值与明度(L*)呈显著负相关关系,且a*和C*是影响L*的主要因素。(2)红花品种花瓣色素主要分布于上表皮细胞和海绵组织中;红白花品种花瓣色素主要分布于上下表皮中,且下表皮积累量更多;粉色花和玫红花品种花瓣色素主要分布于上下表皮细胞;黄红花和粉白色花品种花瓣上表皮中含有少量色素,而黄花和白花品种花瓣几乎没有色素积累。各花色丽格海棠花瓣上表皮细胞均为圆锥形,且红花和红白花品种锥形化程度最高,它们花瓣下表皮细胞均呈扁平的长方形。(3)8个丽格海棠品种花瓣中共检测出15种花青素苷,其中10种为芍药素苷,3种为矢车菊素苷,1种为锦葵素苷,1种为飞燕草素苷,酰化花青素苷占多数;红花品种花瓣中总花青素苷含量最高,玫红花品种次之,黄花和白花品种中未检出;除粉红花品种外,其余含花青素苷的品种中芍药素苷含量最高,均占总花青素苷含量的50%以上,是花瓣的主要呈色物质。(4)丽格海棠花瓣中总花青素苷含量与其红度(a*)、彩度(C*)值呈正相关关系、与其L*值呈负相关关系。研究表明,花青素苷的积累有利于丽格海棠花瓣红色化,并影响其花瓣彩度(C*)及明度(L*);色素分布细胞数量和上表皮细胞锥形化明显影响花瓣呈色,且花瓣主要的呈色物质为芍药素苷,酰基化修饰可能影响其明度。     

铁筷子花瓣中花青素苷成分及含量对其呈色的影响北大核心CSCD

该研究以7个品种铁筷子(Helleborus thibetanus Franch.)为试验材料,借助目视测色、RHSCC比色卡、色差仪进行花色表型的测定,采用高效液相色谱法-光电二极管阵列检测方法(HPLC-DAD)及高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子化-质谱联用技术(HPLC-ESI-MS)测定分析铁筷子花瓣中花青素苷成分及含量,以探究不同品种铁筷子的花色与花青素苷成分及含量之间的关系。结果显示:(1)紫色系品种花瓣的a*值最高b*值最低,黄色系品种花瓣的b*值最高a*值最低,不同品种的铁筷子花色越深L*值越低。(2)从5个有花青素苷积累的铁筷子品种中检测出11种花青素苷成分,分别为6种矢车菊素苷,4种飞燕草素苷,1种矮牵牛素苷;供试的铁筷子材料中红色系2个品种的花青素苷含量最高,紫色系品种次之;矢车菊素苷与飞燕草素苷为影响铁筷子花瓣呈色的主要色素物质。(3)不同种类的花青素和修饰基团的差异,导致铁筷子花瓣呈现不同的色彩,含有多种酰基化修饰的飞燕草素苷使铁筷子花色蓝移进而使花色加深。(4)相关分析表明,铁筷子花瓣的L*值与a*值呈显著负相关关系,与b*值呈显著的正相关关系;L*值与总花青素苷含量呈显著负相关关系,且随着花青素苷含量的累积a*值增加,花色红移。研究表明,花青素苷的成分及含量是导致铁筷子花瓣呈现不同颜色的主要原因,矢车菊素苷和飞燕草素苷的互作以及酰基化的修饰使铁筷子呈现不同程度的紫色,花青素苷的不同累积量影响了花瓣颜色的明暗变化,从而使铁筷子花瓣颜色丰富。     

月季花发育过程中花色变化的生理生化研究

以月季‘仙境’为材料,观测其正面和反面花瓣在开花过程中6个阶段的颜色和其花色的L*、a*、b*、C*、h*值变化,花瓣组织结构,以及pH值、花色素含量、类黄酮含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,探讨月季花色的呈色机理。结果显示:(1)半开期时,花瓣正面红色最深,花色苷、类黄酮、可溶性糖含量最高,而可溶性蛋白含量则在盛开期时达到最高。(2)pH越小时,花瓣红色越深,而且pH值小范围内的变动,就能导致花色的改变。(3)花色素大部分集中分布在上表皮,并且上表皮呈圆锥形小突起、下表皮为扁平状,故上表皮花色深于下表皮,亮度小于下表皮。(4)a*正面与pH值、花色苷和可溶性糖含量呈正相关关系;a*反面与L*正面、L*反面、b*反面呈正相关关系;L*正面与b*正面、L*反面与b*反面呈极显著负相关关系。(5)众多影响花色呈现的因素中,正面(反面)花色主要是受到花色素苷(L*反面)的直接作用,其他因素则通过影响花色素苷(L*反面)间接影响花色的呈现。     

紫花含笑花被呈色过程中色素含量与超微结构的变化特征

为了探究色素含量以及细胞结构在紫花含笑花被呈色过程中的作用机理,该研究以绿色和紫色花被为材料,测定其花被色素含量,运用逐步回归方程分析花被呈色与色素含量的关系,采用石蜡切片及超薄切片技术观察花被细胞超显微结构变化。结果表明:(1)在紫花含笑花被呈色过程中,紫色花被表面明度L~*值降低,a~*值上升,b~*值降低;花被花青素苷的积累量以及类胡萝卜素和类黄酮等含量增加,同时伴随着叶绿素的降解及其含量降低。(2)a~*与花青素、类黄酮、类胡萝卜素等色素含量以及花青素/类黄酮、花青素/叶绿素呈显著正相关关系,b~*与叶绿素含量和花青素/类胡萝卜素呈显著正相关关系。(3)在细胞结构上,随着花被由绿转紫,其上表皮细胞由扁平型向圆锥凸起型变化,单个细胞长宽比增大,细胞垂周壁出现褶皱,紫色花被上表皮结构向增加入射光吸收面积变化;液泡体积增大与叶绿体向有色体转化是主要的细胞器变化。研究发现,花被呈色是多因素作用的结果,花青素含量的产生与积累以及类胡萝卜素和类黄酮等含量增加辅助增色可能是紫花含笑呈紫色的主要原因,同时细胞超微结构表现为液泡体积增大,叶绿体向有色体转化。     

二乔玉兰开花过程中花色变化的生理生化机制

以4年生二乔玉兰不同花期外层花瓣为试材,测定其在开花过程中花瓣色度值、花色苷、类黄酮、可溶性糖含量、细胞pH值以及相关酶活性的变化,以探讨二乔玉兰花色呈色机理。结果显示:(1)随着花期的推移,苯丙氨酸解胺酶(PAL)和查尔酮异构酶(CHI)活性逐渐减弱,细胞pH值逐渐变大,可溶性糖、花色苷、类黄酮含量不断降低,而花瓣明亮度增强,红色度以及彩色度减弱,且不同花期各参数值之间差异显著。(2)花瓣可溶性糖含量、PAL和CHI的活性与其花色素苷、类黄酮含量变化之间呈显著正相关关系,花瓣pH值的变化、明亮度L*值与花色素苷、类黄酮含量之间呈显著负相关,色相值a*与花色苷含量的变化呈显著正相关。研究表明,二乔玉兰花瓣花色苷和类黄酮含量的高低可以影响其花色的深浅,可溶性糖含量、PAL和CHI活性、细胞pH通过参与一定的生理代谢来调节花色素的形成,进而引起二乔玉兰花色色调的改变。     

马蔺花器官表型特征及色素分析

为分析马蔺（Iris lactea var. chinensis）种质花器官表型性状，明确马蔺花瓣的色素成分，以中国6个省市不同生境条件下22份马蔺种质资源为试验材料，对花冠这一重要观赏部位的表型特征及花色素进行系统研究。采用RHSCC比色和色差仪测色方法描述了马蔺种质花器官表型性状，并通过亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝显色法和pH示差法等方法测定了马蔺花色素质量分数，分析不同色系马蔺花色素表达差异。结果表明：22份马蔺种质花瓣花色可分为浅蓝色、浅蓝紫色、深蓝紫色和紫罗兰色4大色系，垂瓣和旗瓣明度（L*）与a*呈负相关，与b*呈正相关，与彩度（c*）呈负相关。不同色系马蔺花器官表型特征不同，4大色系中紫罗兰色花瓣最大、花葶最高、垂瓣花斑最小，浅蓝色花瓣最小、花葶最低、垂瓣花斑最大，说明花瓣颜色越深，花瓣越大，垂瓣花斑则越小；不同色系马蔺花瓣中色素质量分数差异显著，浅蓝色花瓣中类胡萝卜素质量分数显著高于紫罗兰色，而紫罗兰色花瓣中的类黄酮质量分数和花色苷质量分数显著高于浅蓝色。随花瓣颜色加深，类胡萝卜素质量分数降低，类黄酮和花色苷质量分数相应增加。相关性分析表明，类胡萝卜素质量分数与垂旗瓣L*均呈显著正...     

植物花瓣呈色机理及花色分子育种

植物花瓣呈色的主要化学物质包括类黄酮/花青素苷、类胡萝卜素和甜菜色素。其中类黄酮/花青素苷是分布最广泛的色素,决定大多数植物花瓣的呈色;类胡萝卜素在一些植物黄色至橙红色花瓣中起着作用;而甜菜色素主要存在于石竹目植物,包含甜菜红素和甜菜黄素。目前,关于色素生物合成的分子网络已被解析,主要由一系列结构基因控制;一些与色素合成相关的调控因子在很多植物中被鉴定发现。另外,基于外源基因表达或内源基因编辑的分子育种在一些观赏植物的花色改良中被成功应用。本文系统性总结了植物中3种类型色素合成的分子基础、调控机制及分子育种应用等方面的研究进展;将有助于提高我们对植物色素合成分子调控网络的认识,并以期为今后开展花色分子设计育种提供理论支持。     

野牡丹科6种植物染色体数目及核型分析

研究了野牡丹科国产野牡丹属(Melastoma L.)4种植物和从国外引种的蒂牡花属(Tibouchina Aubl.)2种植物的染色体数目,并对4种野牡丹属植物的核型进行分析。结果表明, 野牡丹属植物的染色体数目为2n=24,为二倍体植物,蒂牡花属的蒂牡花(T. urvillean)和银毛野牡丹(T. heteromall)的染色体数目为2n=36。核型公式为：野牡丹(M. malabathricum) 2n=10m(2SAT)+14sm;毛稔(M. sanguineurn) 2n=10m+12sm+2st;地稔(M. dodecandrum) 2n=12m+12sm;细叶野牡丹(M. intermedium) 2n=12m＋10sm+2st。核型分析表明国产野牡丹属植物染色体为小染色体,绝对长度为0.43~1.79 µm;核型不对称系数为59.47~62.91,均属2B型。野牡丹属植物的核型为首次报道。     

几种常见的变色花卉

植物花色主要受由类胡萝卜素和花青素两大类组成的细胞色素所控制。一般来说,自开花至凋谢,其花色保持相对稳定,但也有一些植物,随着花朵开放时间的延续,其花瓣细胞中的细胞液酸碱度、盐类和酚类物质发生变化,从而引起花色变化。如花青素的颜色在酸性细胞液中呈红色、中性液中呈紫色、碱性液中则呈蓝色,它与其他细胞色素成分的不同配比,就形成了各种颜色。在变色花卉的花期,由于每朵花开花有先后,同一植株上就会出现多种花色,看上去     

金花茶组植物花色与细胞内重要环境因子的关系

为研究金花茶组植物花色与细胞内重要环境因子的关系,该研究以花色不同的8个金花茶组物种的9个居群为材料,测定了其花瓣的颜色、总黄酮含量、含水量、细胞pH、7种金属离子浓度。结果表明:所测金花茶组植物的花色平均明度L~*为80.82、色相a~*为-2.88、色相b~*为53.97、彩度C~*为54.10、色相角h为93.19°,故金花茶花色为明度较亮的黄色,其中色相b~*为描述黄色的主要指标,据此可将所测植物分为金黄、黄、浅黄3类。花瓣总黄酮含量为20.17%,花瓣含水量为88.14%,物种间均达到差异显著,且均与花色呈弱相关,对黄色呈现影响较小。花瓣细胞偏弱酸性,pH平均值为6.19,不同物种间差异显著,细胞pH与花色呈显著正相关,即中偏弱酸性细胞环境有利于金花茶花瓣黄色的呈现。金属离子浓度中,K~+含量最高(12.61 mg·g~(-1)),其他依次为Ca2+(3.91 mg·g~(-1))、Mg~(2+)(1.28 mg·g~(-1))、Al~(3+)(0.98 mg·g~(-1))、Na~+(0.17mg·g~(-1))、Fe~(3+)(0.07 mg·g~(-1)),Cu~(2+)含量最低(0.003 8 mg·g~(-1)),7种金属离子在所测植物间均存在显著差异,其中Al~(3+)、Fe~(3+)和Ca~(2+)对金花茶黄色花的形成具有不同程度的干扰作用,随着这3种金属离子浓度升高,黄度降低,花色变淡。因此,较低浓度的Al~(3+)、Fe~(3+)、Ca~(2+)可能更有利于金花茶黄色花的呈现。     

Anthocyanic vacuolar inclusions--their nature and significance in flower colouration

The petals of a number of flowers are shown to contain similar intensely coloured intravacuolar bodies referred to herein as anthocyanic vacuolar inclusions (AVIs). The AVIs in a blue-grey carnation and in purple lisianthus have been studied in detail. AVIs occur predominantly in the adaxial epidermal cells and their presence is shown to have a major influence on flower colour by enhancing both intensity and blueness. The latter effect is especially dramatic in the carnation where the normally pink pelargonidin pigments produce a blue-grey colouration. In lisianthus, the presence of large AVIs produces marked colour intensification in the inner zone of the petal by concentrating anthocyanins above levels that would be possible in vacuolar solution. Electron microscopy studies on lisianthus epidermal tissue failed to detect a membrane boundary in AVI bodies. AVIs isolated from lisianthus cells are shown to have a protein matrix. Bound to this matrix are four cyanidin and delphinidin acylated 3,5-diglycosides (three, new to lisianthus), which are relatively minor anthocyanins in whole petal extracts where acylated delphinidin triglycosides predominate. Flavonol glycosides were not bound. A high level of anthocyanin structural specificity in this association is thus implied. The specificity and effectiveness of this anthocyanin "trapping" is confirmed by the presence in the surrounding vacuolar solution of only delphinidin triglycosides, accompanied by the full range of flavonol glycosides. "Trapped" anthocyanins are shown to differ from solution anthocyanins only in that they lack a terminal rhamnose on the 3-linked galactose. The results of this study define for the first time the substantial effect AVIs have on flower colour, and provide insights into their nature and their specificity as vacuolar anthocyanin traps.     

UV-B protective effect of a polyacylated anthocyanin, HBA, in flower petals of the blue morning glory, Ipomoea tricolor cv. Heavenly Blue

The protective effects of polyacylated anthocyanin, heavenly blue anthocyanin (HBA), in blue flower petals of morning glory (Ipomoea tricolor cv. Heavenly Blue) against UV-B induced DNA damage were examined. We first clarified the concentration of HBA in epidermal vacuoles to be 12mM, and then constructed a UV-B irradiating apparatus resembling flower petal tissue to assess the screening effect of HBA. Monochromatic (280 and 310nm) or broad UV-B induced DNA lesions were reduced completely by the HBA filter to the same molecular numbers as those in living petal epidermis. However, diluted HBA solution and trisdeacyl HBA did not have the same reduction effect. HBA was more tolerant to solar radiation than trisdeacyl HBA. These data strongly suggest that polyacylated anthocyanins in flower petals can screen harmful UV-B efficiently. This action might be largely due to aromatic acyl residues.     

耐寒睡莲花瓣中花青素苷组成及其与花色的关系

睡莲(Nymphaea spp.)为多年生水生观赏花卉。以耐寒睡莲不同花色的119个栽培品种为材料, 利用高效液相色谱(HPLC-DAD)和液质联用技术(HPLC-ESI-MSⁿ)测定了其花瓣中的花青素苷成分。采用英国皇家园艺学会比色卡(RHSCC)和国际照明委员会(CIE)制定的CIEL^*a^*b^*表色系统测量了57个品种的花色, 运用多元线性回归方法分析花色与花青素苷组成之间的关系。结果表明: 耐寒睡莲花瓣中含有14种花青素苷, 其中飞燕草素-3-半乳糖-5-乙酰-半乳糖苷(Dp3Ga5acetylGa)、飞燕草素-3-鼠李糖-(1→2)-半乳糖苷(Dp3Rh(1→2)Ga)、矢车菊素-3-半乳糖-(1→2)-半乳糖苷(Cy3Ga(1→2)Ga)、矢车菊素-3-乙酰-半乳糖-(1→2)-半乳糖苷(Cy3acetylGa(1→2)Ga)、矢车菊素-3-没食子酰-半乳糖苷(Cy3galloylGa)、飞燕草素-3-乙酰-葡萄糖苷(Dp3acetylG)、飞燕草素-3-葡萄糖苷(Dp3G)和矢车菊素-3-半乳糖-半乳糖-半乳糖苷(Cy3GaGaGa)8个组分在耐寒睡莲中为首次报道。Dp3Ga、Dp3galloylGa、Cy3Ga(1→2)Ga和Cy3galloylGa是决定耐寒睡莲呈色的关键花青素苷。     

Evolution of petal epidermal micromorphology in Leguminosae and its use as a marker of petal identity

Background and Aims

The legume flower is highly variable in symmetry and differentiation of petal types. Most papilionoid flowers are zygomorphic with three types of petals: one dorsal, two lateral and two ventral petals. Mimosoids have radial flowers with reduced petals while caesalpinioids display a range from strongly zygomorphic to nearly radial symmetry. The aims are to characterize the petal micromorphology relative to flower morphology and evolution within the family and assess its use as a marker of petal identity (whether dorsal, lateral or ventral) as determined by the expression of developmental genes.

Methods

Petals were analysed using the scanning electron microscope and light microscope. A total of 175 species were studied representing 26 tribes and 89 genera in all three subfamilies of the Leguminosae.

Key Results

The papilionoids have the highest degree of variation of epidermal types along the dorsiventral axis within the flower. In Loteae and genistoids, in particular, it is common for each petal type to have a different major epidermal micromorphology. Papillose conical cells are mainly found on dorsal and lateral petals. Tabular rugose cells are mainly found on lateral petals and tabular flat cells are found only in ventral petals. Caesalpinioids lack strong micromorphological variation along this axis and usually have only a single major epidermal type within a flower, although the type maybe either tabular rugose cells, papillose conical cells or papillose knobby rugose cells, depending on the species.

Conclusions

Strong micromorphological variation between different petals in the flower is exclusive to the subfamily Papilionoideae. Both major and minor epidermal types can be used as micromorphological markers of petal identity, at least in papilionoids, and they are important characters of flower evolution in the whole family. The molecular developmental pathway between specific epidermal micromorphology and the expression of petal identity genes has yet to be established.Key words: Epidermis, Fabaceae, Papilionoideae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, petal surface, scanning electron microscopy, papillose conical cells, tabular rugose cells, tabular flat cells, organ identity     

The involvement of tonoplast proton pumps and Na+(K+)/H+ exchangers in the change of petal color during flower opening of Morning Glory, Ipomoea tricolor cv. Heavenly Blue

The petal color of morning glory, Ipomoea tricolor cv. Heavenly Blue, changes from purplish red to blue during flower opening. This color change is caused by an unusual increase in vacuolar pH from 6.6 to 7.7 in the colored adaxial and abaxial cells. To clarify the mechanism underlying the alkalization of epidermal vacuoles in the open petals, we focused on vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), H+-pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) and an isoform of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHX1). We isolated red and blue protoplasts from the petals in bud and fully open flower, respectively, and purified vacuolar membranes. The membranes contained V-ATPase, V-PPase and NHX1, which were immunochemically detected, with relatively high transport activity. NHX1 could be detected only in the vacuolar membranes prepared from flower petals and its protein level was the highest in the colored petal epidermis of the open flower. These results suggest that the increase of vacuolar pH in the petals during flower opening is due to active transport of Na+ and/or K+ from the cytosol into vacuoles through a sodium- or potassium-driven Na+(K+)/H+ exchanger NXH1 and that V-PPase and V-ATPase may prevent the over-alkalization. This systematic ion transport maintains the weakly alkaline vacuolar pH, producing the sky-blue petals.     

Concerning the structure of cinerarin,a blue anthocyanin from garden cineraria

A purplish-blue anthocyanin was isolated from the flower of garden cineraria (Senecio cruentus DC.). The pigment retains a stable blue color within the range of pH 3.5-7; but it differs in other characteristics from the known blue anthocyanins. This pigment is composed of delphinidin, glucose and caffeic acid in a molecular ratio of 1∶3∶2, respectively and is tentatively called “cinerarin”. The blue flower color of cineraria seems to be manifested solely by cinerarin, and it becomes likely that the caffeic acid involved in the molecule plays an essential role in the blueness of this pigment. Part LXV: Bot. Mag. Tokyo85: 303–306 (1972).     

梅花"粉皮宫粉"花色色素的花青苷实质和花色的动态变化

特征颜色反应和紫外-可见光谱分析初步表明梅花"粉皮宫粉"的粉红色花色色素为花青素-3-糖苷.用分光光度法检测梅花"粉皮宫粉"不同花发育时期、在树冠不同着生部位花朵花瓣的相对花青苷含量,结果表明"粉皮宫粉" 的花色主要存在着花发育时期而导致的时间变化.花色在蕾期最浓艳,花瓣展开后便逐渐变淡;在整个花发育时期,同一朵花不同层次花瓣的颜色浓淡均为外层花瓣>中层花瓣>内层花瓣,且不同层次花瓣颜色的变化趋势几乎一致.虽然树冠下部单花的花色浓于上部的、树冠内层的浓于外层的,但花朵在树冠的着生部位导致的花色差异并不显著.花青苷除了导致"粉皮宫粉"的粉红花色外,还可能增强其花的抗寒性,为花的凌寒而开创造了条件.本文可为梅花的美学鉴赏、梅花红色花色的机理探索及其色素的分子结构鉴定提供参考.     

矮牵牛新种质的花色表型及花色素分析

以27个上海交通大学自育矮牵牛新种质为研究材料,对花色这一重要观赏性状及其花色素进行了系统研究。用RHSCC比色和色差仪测色方法描述了矮牵牛的花色表型,通过特征显色反应初步判断了矮牵牛的花色素类型,以标准曲线法和pH示差法等方法测定了矮牵牛3类花色素的含量。研究表明：这27个矮牵牛种质的花色可归于5个色系,以紫红色和红色为主;矮牵牛花色在CIELab表色系统中分布较广,而且不同色系花色参数的区分度较大。矮牵牛花瓣中含有类黄酮和花色苷,不含或含少量类胡萝卜素。13个被测种质的花瓣类黄酮含量在2.5～12.2 mg·/g–1 ·FW之间,花色苷含量在0.08～3.88 mg·g–1 FWmg/g·FW之间,而类胡萝卜素在矮牵牛花瓣中含量很低,远远低于类黄酮含量,在7个被测种质中,最高仅为0.216 mg·g–1 FWmg/g·FW,最低为0.004 mg·g–1 FWmg/g·FW。以上结果显示,5个色系矮牵牛所含花色素种类不尽相同,含量也有明显差异,其中紫红色系和红色系花瓣大多不含或含极少量类胡萝卜素,黄色系、白色系和紫色系花瓣的类黄酮含量较高,紫色系和紫红色系花瓣花色苷含量较高。     

Determination of anthocyanins and exploration of relationship between their composition and petal coloration in crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia hybrid)

Petal coloration and pigment components in 12 American crape myrtle cultivars (Lagerstroemla indica x Lagerstroemla fauriei) and five Chinese crape myrtle cultivars (L. indica hybrids) were studied. Color was measured by ClEL'a'b" scale and anthocyanin composition of crape myrtle was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The presence of the previously reported delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, petunidin 3-O-glucoside and malvidin 3-O-glucoside were confirmed. Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside was identified in crape myrtle for the first time. We explored the relationship between petal color and anthocyanin contents by multiple linear regression analyses. The results indicated that total flavones and flavonols were important variables and contributed to blue-enhancing in crape myrtle. Based on anthocyanins and co-pigments analysis, flower color breeding in crape myrtle towards true-red and blue were discussed.