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1.
圆背角无齿蚌血细胞培养   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10  
用新设计的培养基培养了圆背角无齿蚌的血细胞,在倒置相差镜下进行了活体观察及扫描电镜摄影,发现培养的血细胞无颗粒细胞、颗粒细胞、透明细胞和类淋巴细胞,前三者均能伸出长的伪足和突起,与瓶壁紧密贴附,呈体外培养的成纤维细胞型;后者呈圆形,不与瓶壁贴附;四者的比例约为4:2:3:1。在活体内注射或在培养基上加入PHA和ConA,培养2-7d中,每天取部分供加入秋水仙素,用空气干燥法制片,作染色体观察,但未观察到转化细胞和有丝分裂相。研究结果表明,圆背角无齿蚌的颗粒细胞、无细胞和透明细胞在体外贴附玻璃表面的特征与高等动物的巨噬细胞类似,而不贴瓶的圆形细胞与高等动物的淋巴细胞类似,但在体外培养均不能繁殖,它们可能是高度分化的细胞。  相似文献   

2.
圆背角无齿蚌血细胞吞噬作用的研究   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
初步研究了蚌血细胞离体条件下的吞噬作用以及血清因子对其的影响。发现蚌血细胞在无血清的条件下能独立完成对大肠杆菌的识别、吞噬。蚌血清对大肠杆菌有调理作用,能促进蚌血细胞对其的吞噬。介蚌血细胞不能识别、吸附和吞噬鸡红细胞,显示出蚌免疫防御能力的局限性。还发现EDTA能有效地抑制蚌血细胞凝集,其凝集作用可能与Ca^2+等阳离子有关。  相似文献   

3.
本文采用H.E染色法和酶组织化学方法,对背角无齿蚌珍珠囊形成过程的组织学和酶组织化学的变化情况进行了研究,证实了“初生珍珠囊”的形成和溶解及“次生珍珠囊”的形成,并推没“次生珍珠囊”表皮细胞是由育珠蚌结缔组织转化而来的;观察了育珠手术后九种酶在珍珠囊形成的各个阶段和在珍珠囊和育珠蚌不同部位的变化情况,说明了珍珠囊珙成过程是与复杂的能量代谢,物质代谢及物质转运等有关的生理生化过程。  相似文献   

4.
关于钙在贝体内的代谢过程,过去的研究往往集中于外套膜的钙代谢,对其中钙的分布、储存、运输、分泌及酶组化等方面都已有报道[1-3];而钙在淡水贝体内其他各组织器官中的分布及代谢规律,目前国内外尚未见报道。由于放射性同位素45Ca在机体内具有与Ca相同的生理活性,而其放射性又易于检测,本文通过在圆背角无齿蚌内脏团注射45Ca,在 10min至 30d内,45Ca在蚌血液、肝脏、鳃等12种组织器官中的代谢过程,旨在阐明各组织器官在贝类钙代谢中的地位和作用,为贝壳和珍珠形成机理的研究提供资料。  相似文献   

5.
背角无齿蚌珍珠囊形成过程中钙代谢的初步研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文采用同位素活体标记、人工育珠、普通石蜡切片和放射自显影的方法,对一种淡水育珠河蚌──背角无齿蚌珍珠囊形成过程中的钙代谢途径进行了研究,结果表明,由植入小片带入的钙在珍珠囊形成的过程中,主要代谢途径是:(1)随小片细胞脱落而进入游走细胞;(2)从小片进入初生珍珠囊,初生珍珠囊脱落后进入游走细胞;(3)从小片进入育珠蚌结缔组织,其中一部分再进入育珠蚌表皮,随粘液和壳质分泌;另一部分则进入次生珍珠囊表皮,分泌成为珍珠质的组成部分。实验结果说明了小片中的钙要参与育珠蚌组织的钙代谢,小片的质量对珍珠形成有重要的作用。  相似文献   

6.
圆背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodianapa cifica)是我国重要的经济贝类,广泛分布于各大水系;营底栖生活,通过滤水作用摄食水中的浮游生物和有机碎屑;其肉多壳薄,是优良的动物饵料;在水体生态系统的物质循环和能量流动及水质净化中起着十分重要的作用。  相似文献   

7.
背角无齿蚌心肌纤维的超微结构观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文研究了背角无齿蚌心肌纤维的超微结构,在电子显微镜下观察了心脏各部结构固定的超薄切片,分析和讨论了河蚌心肌纤维的粗丝与细丝的排列状况和徽细结构,测最了粗丝和细丝的直径,并对线粒体,脂褐素等细胞器的形态结构,分布等进行了描述,对心肌纤维的连接方式进行了观察,并与脊椎动物心肌纤维的超微结构进行了相应的比较。  相似文献   

8.
SCGE技术检测镉对背角无齿蚌血细胞DNA的损伤   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodiana woodiana)为研究对象,利用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测不同浓度及不同染毒时间氯化镉对背角无齿蚌血细胞DNA的损伤作用。结果显示,染毒后的背角无齿蚌血细胞均出现了拖尾现象,各染毒组与对照组相比,拖尾增长明显。剂量效应组中,蚌暴露在不同浓度(0、1、10、50mg·L-1)的氯化镉中72 h,各组蚌血细胞DNA平均迁移长度及彗尾DNA含量均明显增加,与阴性对照组比较差异显著(p<0.01),存在显著的剂量-效应关系;在时间效应组中,蚌暴露在10mg·L-1的氯化镉中分别24、48、72、96 h,随着氯化镉染毒时间的延长,各染毒组细胞DNA平均迁移长度及彗尾DNA含量与0时间组比较差异显著(p<0.01),但时间-效应关系不明显。  相似文献   

9.
背角无齿蚌生殖细胞及钩介幼虫的扫描电镜观察   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10       下载免费PDF全文
本文报告背角无齿蚌的精子、卵子、钩介幼虫的扫描电镜观察。精子头部呈椭圆形,由顶体帽、顶体后区、核区和颈部组成,尾细长呈线状,卵子圆形,有许多卵闰,在生殖腺中有各种不同发育程度的卵细胞,钩介幼虫在育儿囊(外鳃)中发育,有一系列变态过程,表明卵子是分期分批排出,钩介幼虫也是分批发育和成熟的。  相似文献   

10.
背角无齿蚌碱性磷酸酶的功能基团研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
在一定条件下分别采用PMSF、DTT、PCMB、NBS、TNBS、SUAN、BrAc及IBr等化学修饰剂选择修饰背角无齿蚌碱性磷酸酶的多种氨基酸残基,并测定其酶活力变化。结果表明,PMSF、NBS、TNBS、SUAN、DTT的修饰能显著抑制酶的活力,活力的降低与修饰剂的浓度相关。BrAc、IAc、PCMB的修饰不表现对酶的抑制作用。作者初步认为,Ser、Lys和Trp残基是背角无齿蚌碱性磷酸酶的必需功能基团,部分二硫键时保护酶的催化功能也是必需的。  相似文献   

11.
褶纹冠蚌珍珠囊发育的研究   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
以褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata Leach)为实验对象,应用光学显微技术和扫描电子显微技术研究珍珠囊的发育,结果表明在水温16℃左右时约需30d形成具有单层上皮细胞的珍珠囊,6个月后稳定分泌珍珠质。构成珍珠囊的上皮细胞从高柱状逐渐变成扁平状或立方形,细胞的碳酸酐酶污性也日益增强。大部分移植细胞小片的结缔组织与母蚌的结缔组织共同成层排列在珍珠囊腔外围。游走细胞在珍珠囊的早期发育阶段十分活跃。本文还阐明了珍珠囊液是存在于上皮细胞与珍珠表面之间的一薄层流体状物质。碳酸钙结晶的核化(nucleation)和初期生长都发生在珍珠囊液中。  相似文献   

12.
为了探究池蝶蚌(Hyriopsis schlegelii)酸性基质蛋白Pif基因的基本功能, 研究通过RACE-PCR技术首次在池蝶蚌中获得了Pif基因的cDNA全长序列, 命名为HsPif, 其全长为3457 bp, 5′端非翻译区(5′UTR)为485 bp, 3′端非翻译区(3′UTR)为363 bp, 开放阅读框(ORF)3072 bp, 共编码1023个氨基酸, 生物信息学分析结果显示HsPif蛋白含有一个von-Willebrand因子A型结构域和三个几丁质结合结构域; 氨基酸组成成分结果表明天冬氨酸含量最高, 组氨酸含量最低; HsPif蛋白亲水指数为–0.566, 为亲水蛋白。构建系统进化树分析显示Pif基因保守性较高, 与三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)Pif相似度最高, 且与其他贝类在同一个大支上。组织荧光定量PCR结果表明: HsPif基因主要在外套膜中表达; 分子原位杂交显示杂交反应主要在外套膜上皮细胞发生。进行植核手术后进行qPCR检测HsPif基因的表达量变化, 实验结果表明, HsPif基因可能与珍珠层的分泌有关, 有助于进一步了解珍珠形成的机制, 为珍珠养殖提供参考。  相似文献   

13.
不同pH值条件下日本对虾肝胰腺及血的细胞培养   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
动物细胞培养是生物技术的一个重要领域 ,因为培养的细胞可以用来分离纯化病毒、生产疫苗和药物。本实验在日本对虾肝胰腺细胞和血细胞原代培养的基础上 ,利用RNA DNA值进行不同pH值培养基的比较 ,认为对于血细胞pH 7 2为最适值 ,而对于肝胰腺细胞pH 7 6比较合适。同时利用光镜及电镜做了一些形态和结构上的观察。  相似文献   

14.
Asexual embryos of Theobroma cacao L. cultured in vitro grew to a size and fresh weight equal to mature zygotic embryos in vivo when cultured in liquid medium on a rollodrum apparatus. Changes in the fatty acid composition in the asexual embryos, similar to those which occur in the zygotic embryo during normal maturation, were stimulated as the sucrose concentration in the medium was increased to an optimum at 27% sucrose (w/v). As the sucrose concentration increased, there was a shift in the fatty acid composition from predominantly polyunsaturated to saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids characterized by an increase in the mole percents of stearic (18:0) and oleic (18:1) acids and a decrease in the mole percents of linoleic (18:2) and linolenic acids (18:3).  相似文献   

15.
Carob callus from hypocotyl segments produced ethylene in different amounts which were related to the composition of the medium and age of the callus. Both light and darkness stimulated high levels of ethylene production. No correlation was found between growth rate and ethylene production under dark conditions. In the light, a significant correlation was found, indicating that ethylene production and growth rate follow one another. Culture medium was the most important factor in controlling the growth rate and ethylene production. The highest values of ethylene production were obtained on media showing highest callus growth rate. These studies seem to indicate that most of the ethylene produced is a by-product of metabolic changes during carob callus development, though, under certain conditions, the initial evolution could regulate growth.  相似文献   

16.
Most bivalves species of the genus Pinctada are well known throughout the world for production of white or black pearls of high commercial value. For cultured pearl production, a mantle allograft from a donor is implanted into the gonad of a recipient oyster, together with a small inorganic bead. Because of the dedifferentiation of cells during the first steps of the host oyster's immunological reaction, so far the fate of the graft and its exact role in the process of pearl formation could not be determined via classical histological methods. Here we report the first molecular evidence of the resilience of the graft in the recipient organism by showing that cells containing genome from the donor are still present at the end of pearl formation. These results suggest the existence of a unique biological cooperation leading to the successful biomineralization process of nacreous secretion in pearl formation.  相似文献   

17.
比较了几种常见血细胞培养基(L-15、2×L-15、3×L-15、M199和RMPI-1640)对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)血细胞原代培养中细胞形态以及存活率的影响,以及在筛选获得的最佳培养基中添加不同比例胎牛血清(FBS)(0%、5%、10%和15%),进一步观察了血清对中华绒螯蟹血细胞培养效果的比较.结果表明,3×L-15培养基培养效果较好,所培养的细胞形态相对完整,数量较多,培养至96 h时血细胞存活率仍大于60%;而其他4种培养基效果较差,培养12h存活率均低于50%,且细胞形态结构变化明显.以3×L-15培养基为基础,添加不同比例胎牛血清后发现,对细胞存活有显著影响,存活率明显降低.因此,不添加血清的3×L-15培养基对中华绒螯蟹血细胞的生长较为适宜.  相似文献   

18.
    
Summary The design and use of a unit for planting uniform inocula for replicate cultures are described. Its design permits continuous gassing of suspensions of mammalian cells with humidified CO2, thus stabilizing the pH (±<0.05 pH unit) of culture media buffered with sodium bicarbonate. The unit can be readily modified to deliver different volumes; identical samples can be dispensed simply and rapidly, with minimal cell damage and chance of microbial contamination. Quantitative data regarding sample uniformity and growth subsequent to planting with this unit are presented.  相似文献   

19.
    
Combined effects of acclimation temperature (12, 20 and 28 °C) and exposure to a toxic metal cadmium (Cd, 50 μg L−1) on haemolymph parameters related to immune defense and metal transport were studied in a model marine bivalve, Crassostrea virginica. Acclimation to elevated temperatures resulted in higher plasma protein concentrations and increased Cd levels in oyster haemolymph plasma and haemocytes. Cd accumulation in haemocytes was linear over the 45 days of Cd exposure and accumulation rates were 0.10, 0.53 and 0.56 μg Cd g−1 dry mass at 12, 20 and 28 °C, respectively. Percentage of blood Cd burden associated with haemocytes increased with increasing temperatures from 13–20% at 12 °C to 26–47% at 20 and 28 °C suggesting a higher role for cellular Cd transport at elevated temperatures. Cd levels in gills and hepatopancreas were positively correlated with Cd concentration in haemocytes, but accumulation rates were considerably faster, so that after 45 days of exposure Cd levels in gills and hepatopancreas were >10–20 times higher than in haemocytes. As a result of slow Cd accumulation possibly reflecting fast haemocyte turnover rates and/or exocytosis of Cd-containing granules, haemocytes in Cd-exposed oysters did not reach threshold Cd burdens required to trigger apoptosis. This suggests that haemocyte viability is not likely to contribute to immunosuppression in the environmentally relevant Cd range. In contrast, elevated temperature (28 °C) resulted in a significant increase in the percentage of apoptotic haemocytes compared to 12 or 20 °C supporting the notion that 28 °C is physiologically stressful for C. virginica. Overall, our study demonstrates strong effects of environmental temperature on haemocyte viability and other important blood parameters such as plasma protein content and metal transport capability which may mask potential Cd effects at environmentally relevant exposure levels.  相似文献   

20.
Summary Chronic blockade of spontaneous nerve impulses by means of tetrodotoxin leads to abnormally diffuse afferent projections into spinal cord cross-sections cultured for two to six weeks in vitro. In addition, even untreated explants which show a low level of spontaneous cord discharges failed to develop the normal degree of dorsal pathway selectivity. It is therefore concluded that centrally generated neuronal activity may play an important role in eliminating exuberant connections which, during early development, are transiently present in this part of the nervous system.  相似文献   

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