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1.
应用单向SDS—PAGE结合蛋白质铬银染色技术对水稻野败型细胞质雄性不育系珍汕97A和其保持系的叶绿体、线粒体和细胞质的蛋白质多肽进行了比较研究,发现两系之间存在明显的差异,生殖器官(穗子)上的差异比营养器官(叶片)上的差异更为显著。在成熟穗上,叶绿体可溶性蛋白不育系有25条带,保持系仅16条带,两者间有19个多肽不同;线粒体可溶性蛋白不育系有28条带,保持系比不育系少30.1和21.8KD两个多肽;细胞质可溶性蛋白丙酮沉淀物的水溶性蛋白组分不育系有24条带,保持系为29条带,两系间却有7条多肽存在差别;细胞质可溶性蛋白丙酮沉淀物的SDS-增溶性蛋白组分不育系有18条带,保持系只有11条带,两者间亦有7条多肽出现差异。由此可以看出,水稻野败型CMS表型的表达可能需要较多个基因的启动和关闭,既与叶绿体和线粒体有关,还涉及到核基因组的作用。  相似文献   

2.
叶绿体类囊体膜多肽与细胞质雄性不育性   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
本实验利用单向SDS-PAGE及双向电泳技术,比较了玉米、甜菜和高粱三种作物的细胞质雄性不育系与其保持系之间叶绿体类囊体膜多肽的差异。结果表明,三种供试材料的不育系与其相应的保持系之间类囊体膜多肽的单向SDS-PAGE中,除个别条带染色深度有一些差异外,没有观察到明显的差异。但是,在双向电泳图式中,两系之间在33kd附近肽斑的大小、数量与分布方面显示出明显的差异,从而暗示,叶绿体类囊体膜多肽的组成与细胞质雄性不育性之间可能存在某种联系。此外,试验还表明,单向SDS-PAGE条带,几乎都是分子量相同而等电点不尽相同的一组多肽混合物;在双向电泳图谱上,它们可按等电点的差异分成若干个不同的多肽斑点。  相似文献   

3.
高粱线粒体基因组的翻译产物与细胞质雄性不育性   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
本实验用蛋氨酸标记离体线粒体合成的多肽,用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝肢电泳分离并作放射性自显影,对3个不育系及其保持系的分析表明:(1)不育系比保持系多2个特异多肽,分子量为65,000和23,000道尔顿,而且这两个特异多肽在幼苗期与孕穗期表现不同。(2)3197A与白马丁A为两个同质异核不育系,其线粒体合成的多肽完全一致,而与3197A细胞质不同的粒息A不育系则缺少90,000道尔顿以上的高分子量多肽。(3)3197A的母本和F_1也具有不育系中的特异多肽,但合成量显著减弱。由此可以看出,高梁细胞质雄性不育性与线粒体基因组的表达有密切联系。  相似文献   

4.
杨征  朱英力 《遗传学报》1999,26(5):518-523
对水稻配子体细胞质雄性不育系粤泰A,保持系粤泰B,F1代泰优2号和孢子体细胞质雄性不育系珍汕97A,保持系珍汕97B,F1代汕优63及另一种孢子体细胞质雄性不育系马协A,保持系马协B,F1代马协63的黄化苗线粒体离体翻译产物进行SDS-PAGE分析。结果表明:粤泰A的线粒体比粤泰B,泰优2号少合成2条多肽,B与F1的带型相近,A特异合成40.7kD多肽;  相似文献   

5.
应用SIXS-PAGE技术对榨菜(Brassica juncea Coss.vat.tumida Tsen et Lee)胞质雄性不育系(CMS)和保持系(MF)不同发育时期(苗期、抽薹期、盛花期)的线粒体和叶绿体多肽进行了比较研究.结果表明:线粒体方面,各发育时期不育系比保持系多1条约37kD多肽带,另1条约35kD多肽仅出现于CMS盛花期的线粒体中,叶绿体方面,各发育时期保持系55kD多肽的表达量明显高于不育系叶绿体,其与Rubis CO大亚基分子量吻合。此外,还对植物胞质雄性不育系的分子机理进行了讨论。  相似文献   

6.
紫稻细胞质雄性不育系叶片全蛋白双向电泳分析   总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16  
魏磊  丁毅  胡耀军  余金洪 《遗传学报》2002,29(8):T001-T002
通过对几种不育系叶片全蛋白双向电泳图谱分析证明;紫稻不育系具有不同于野败型,红莲型和马协型不育系的蛋白图谱,说明其可能是一种新的细胞质质源,同时,紫稻不育系与保持系蛋白图谱之间在三叶期和分蘖期时差异均不明显,但各材料本身蛋白图谱在两个不同时期之间差异很大,不育系与保持系图谱表现出的蛋白质(多肽)的差异,可能与不育系雄性不育有关。  相似文献   

7.
对水稻BT型和WA型细胞质的雄性不育系,相应保持系和恢复系以及杂种的mtDNA用12个线粒体探针进行了RFLP分析,结果如下(1)BT型和WA型不育系的mtDNA在组织结构上存在差异;(2)不育系的mtDNA与其保持系间存在显著差异,推测mtDNA与水稻的cms有关;(3)atp9探针检测到WA型不育系与F1之间的多态性,Frag36探针检测到BT型不育系与F1之间的多态性,Frag9探针检测到WA型和BT型不育系与其F1之间的多态性,证明核恢复基因影响mtDNA的结构;(4)对mtDNA的结构变异与细胞质雄性不育的关系进行了分析与探讨.  相似文献   

8.
目的:比较红麻不育系和保持系线粒体基因组的差异,并克隆红麻细胞质雄性不育候选基因cox3,揭示红麻细胞质雄性不育的分子机理。方法:用Southern印迹方法研究红麻保持系和不育系线粒体基因组的差异;用同源克隆的方法克隆cox3基因。结果:不育系和保持系基因组存在较大差异;在保持系和不育系中克隆了cox3基因,其基因CDS区完全一致,基因长度为798 bp,GenBank序列号为HM535784;cox3基因与其他物种的cox3基因的同源性大于95.9%。结论:cox3基因的组织形式在不育系和保持系中存在差异,研究结果为揭示红麻细胞质雄性不育的机理提供了一定的依据。  相似文献   

9.
李大东  王斌 《遗传》1990,12(4):1-4
本研究以水稻BT型细胞质雄性不育系秋光和相应的保持系秋光为材料,提取线粒体DNA,用限制性内切酶完全酶解,以玉米线粒体atpA基因和波菜叶绿体atpA基因作为探针,进行分子杂交,将保持系线粒体atpA基因定位在3.5kb的Bam HI酶切片段上,并且以pBR322为载体,克隆了这一片段,另外,在Bam HI完全酶解普带的杂交结果中,不育系线粒体基因组中有两条阳性杂交带,分别是3.5kb和2.9kb,而保持系线粒体基因组中只有3.5kb一条阳性杂交带,因而认为水稻不育系线粒体基因组中可能有两个atpA基因拷贝,而相应的保持系线粒体基因组中只有一个atpA基因拷贝。  相似文献   

10.
李大东  王斌 《遗传》1990,12(1):0
本研究以水稻BT型细胞质雄性不育系秋光和相应的保持系秋光为材料,提取线粒体DNA,用限制性内切酶完全酶解,以玉米线粒体atpA基因和波菜叶绿体atpA基因作为探针,进行分子杂交,将保持系线粒体atpA基因定位在3.5kb的Bam HI酶切片段上,并且以pBR322为载体,克隆了这一片段,另外,在Bam HI完全酶解普带的杂交结果中,不育系线粒体基因组中有两条阳性杂交带,分别是3.5kb和2.9kb,而保持系线粒体基因组中只有3.5kb一条阳性杂交带,因而认为水稻不育系线粒体基因组中可能有两个atpA基因拷贝,而相应的保持系线粒体基因组中只有一个atpA基因拷贝。  相似文献   

11.
以甜菜胞质雄性不育系212A、2033A、2034A及其相应保持系212B、2033B、2034B为材料,对营养生长期4个阶段叶片的细胞色素氧化酶(COD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及ATP酶的活性进行分析比较,以探讨甜菜胞质雄性不育与能量代谢的关系.结果显示:(1)在甜菜营养生长期的4个阶段,不育系的COD活性均显著低于其保持系,表明不育系的呼吸强度和产生的能量均低于其保持系;(2)不育系ATP酶活性低于保持系,但差异不显著,且不育系和保持系的ATP酶活性随生长进程变化平缓,说明在营养生长期二者对能量的消耗接近;(3)POD和CAT的活性在营养生长期总体为不育系显著高于其保持系,说明不育系体内H2O2含量增加.研究认为,营养生长期能量亏缺是甜菜胞质雄性不育的主要原因之一.  相似文献   

12.
通过不育细胞质为选择背景,在田间事先鉴定出杂种后代的优异完全不育株,用花药培养或诱导孤雌生殖使其纯合,测定其配合力,可以筛选到优良的目标不育系。以下3种方法则可能通过目标不育系而获得其同型保持系:一是通过体细胞变异(花药培养)产生;二是在不育系孕穗期高温或低温处理使其转换成可育,选择仍具有不育保持能力的作为保持系,或作为轮回亲本,将其细胞核换到可育细胞质中;三是用原生质体融合的方式向不育系导入已杀死细胞核的可育细胞质而获得配套保持系。它可以使杂种优势利用变得有预见性,可能提高现有杂种优势水平。在创造雄性不育新质源,排除微效可育基因,进行不育系的定向改造,选育高配合力不育系,以及加速育种进程等方面具有重要价值。  相似文献   

13.
植物细胞质雄性不育系育种的反向核置换技术分析   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
通过不育细胞质为选择背景,在田间事先鉴定出杂种后代的优异完全不育株,用花药培养或诱导孤雌生殖使其纯合,测定其配合力,可以筛选到优良的目标不育系.以下3种方法则可能通过目标不育系而获得其同型保持系:一是通过体细胞变异(花药培养)产生;二是在不育系孕穗期高温或低温处理使其转换成可育,选择仍具有不育保持能力的作为保持系,或作为轮回亲本,将其细胞核换到可育细胞质中;三是用原生质体融合的方式向不育系导入已杀死细胞核的可育细胞质而获得配套保持系.它可以使杂种优势利用变得有预见性,可能提高现有杂种优势水平.在创造雄性不育新质源,排除微效可育基因,进行不育系的定向改造,选育高配合力不育系,以及加速育种进程等方面具有重要价值.  相似文献   

14.
The proteomic profile of thylakoid membranes and the changes induced in that proteome by iron deficiency have been studied by using thylakoid preparations from Beta vulgaris plants grown in hydroponics. Two different 2-D electrophoresis approaches have been used to study these proteomes: isoelectrical focusing followed by SDS PAGE (IEF-SDS PAGE) and blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by SDS PAGE (BN-SDS PAGE). These techniques resolved approximately 110–140 and 40 polypeptides, respectively. Iron deficiency induced significant changes in the thylakoid sugar beet proteome profiles: the relative amounts of electron transfer protein complexes were reduced, whereas those of proteins participating in leaf carbon fixation-linked reactions were increased. A set of polypeptides, which includes several enzymes related to metabolism, was detected in thylakoid preparations from Fe-deficient Beta vulgaris leaves by using BN-SDS PAGE, suggesting that they may be associated with these thylakoids in vivo. The BN-SDS PAGE technique has been proven to be a better method than IEF-SDS PAGE to resolve highly hydrophobic integral membrane proteins from thylakoid preparations, allowing for the identification of complexes and determination of their polypeptidic components.  相似文献   

15.
以小麦T细胞质雄性不育系75-3369A和相应保系75-3369B为材料,用限制性内切酶BamHⅠ、EcoRⅠ、hINDⅢ完全酶解,以Oenothera mtDNA qtp6,小麦线粒体基因nad3/rps12、cos1为探针进行Southern杂交,杂交结果表明,75-3369A和 75-3369B在这3个基因上或附近有显著的组织结果差异,推测这些差异可能影响了线粒体基因组的正常功能,最终引起了75-3369A雄性不育。  相似文献   

16.
Respiratory activities in vegetative tissues and the isolated mitochondria of etiolated seedlings and reproductive tissues were studied in two cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines having the same A, cytoplasm with different nuclear backgrounds of pearl millet along with their maintainer, restorer and restored lines. In addition, the assays of cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase were performed in isolated mitochondria. Cyanide-sensitive, cyanide-insensitive and total respirations in vegetative tissues and isolated mitochondria were lower in both the CMS lines than their respective maintainers, restorers and restored hybrids. Except in CMS lines, uptake of 02 during anther development increased from premeiotic to postmeiotic stage in all the lines. Consumption of 02,however, declined from meiotic to postmeiotic stage in the anthers of CMS lines. Pure mitochondrial preparations were obtained which were 92-94% intact. Enzymes, cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) and succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) showed lower activities in both the CMS lines than their respective maintainer, restorer and restored hybrids. The CMS lines also displayed lower levels of nuclear encoded enzymes, viz., alternative oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase.  相似文献   

17.
杂交水稻结实率稳定性的遗传分析   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
本文采用三套同核异质不育系与5个恢复力不同的恢复系按P×Q模式配组、分5期播种的试验设计,在AMMI模型分析结实率稳定性的基础上,进一步剖析了不育胞质、保持系、恢复系及其工作的各种遗传效应。  相似文献   

18.
This study compared the sequence variations and expressions of 12 chloroplastic and 8 mitochondrial genes in three pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, their maintainers and two control cultivars. The results showed that the three CMS lines were highly similar in chloroplastic and mitochondrial fragment sequences, with average similarities of 96.81 and 98.73?%, respectively, and their chloroplastic trnH?CpsbA intergenic spacer, photosystem II 47?kDa protein (psbB) genes, mitochondrial apocytochrome b (cob) and RNAD fragments have 1, 9, 8 and 7 distinct sites from the maintainer lines, respectively, and could be used as informative sites to distinguish CMS lines from the maintainer lines. Meanwhile, the expressions of mitochondrial cob, RNAD and pvs in the reproductive organs (flowers) of CMS lines are different from those of the maintainer lines, but their expressions in the vegetative organs (roots and leaves) are similar. The results indicate that cytoplasmic DNA polymorphisms are rare in CMS lines, and mitochondrial cob, RNAD and pvs genes are closely related to pollen abortion.  相似文献   

19.
用等电聚焦电泳分析的方法,测定了小麦(Triticum aestivum )3 种细胞质雄性不育类型(A 型、E型、T型)及其相应同核保持系萌动胚及幼芽可溶性蛋白. 发现雄性可育系等电点(pI)为4.90 的蛋白质合成数量高于相应的不育系;pI为6.85 的蛋白质可能是T 型细胞质基因表达的结果;pI为7.6 的蛋白质可能为津丰A 不育系特有的区带.表明细胞质来源不同的不育类型,其萌动胚及幼芽可溶性蛋白等电聚焦电泳图谱差异明显,有可能作为鉴别它们的依据  相似文献   

20.
The halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (ice plant) has been suggested as a model for salt-tolerance in higher plants. To investigate salt-induced changes in polypeptide patterns at the cellular level, a light-grown callus of M. crystallinum with substantial chlorophyll content, was established and the effect of NaCl on the composition of phenol-extracted protein was examined by SDS- and 2D-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). SDS-PAGE showed the accumulation of five polypeptides with estimated molecular masses of 40, 34, 32, 29 and 14 kDa was enhanced by the addition of 200 m M NaCl to the culture media. The addition of ABA (10 μ M ) or mannitol (400 m M ) did not elicit the same degree of accumulation of these salt-specific proteins. These polypeptides were classified into two groups according to their course of induction: early responsive (40, 34, 29 kDa) and late-responsive (32, 14 kDa) proteins. In addition, two polypeptides (20, 18 kDa) were transiently accumulated during salt treatment. Further separation of soluble proteins by 2-D gel electrophoresis, either isoelectric focusing (IEF) or non-equilibrium pH-gradient electrophoresis (NEPHGE) followed by SDS-PAGE, showed more alterations in accumulation of polypeptides by NaCl than 1-D gel electrophoresis. Overall, levels of more than 30% of basic polypeptides, detected by NEPHGE/SDS-PAGE, were altered by 200 m M NaCl treatment, while only 10% of neutral and acidic polypeptides, detected by IEF/SDS-PAGE, were changed. The enhanced expression of these proteins by salt in cultured cells is most likely related to the cellular responses to salinity, and not to the mechanism of CAM induction in this facultative halophyte.  相似文献   

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