云南姜花属─新种

Hedychium menglianense Y. Y. Qian sp. nov. (Subgen. Euosmianthus)Species affinis H. sino-aureo Stapf, sed plantis ad arbores epiphyticis, laminis (2--)10--27 cm longis, (0.5 -) 1 .7-4 cm latis, petions 2-8 mm longis, ligulis papyraceis,l.5 -2 mm longis, spicis 10- 17-floribus, 5 -- 8 cm longis, bracteis calycis tubos noncircumnexis, apice emarginatis, calycis tubis bractea parum brevioribus, corollae lobislinearibus 11-13 mm longis, labellis ovatis, 8-9 mm longis, basi sessilibus, filamentis…     

云南姜花属一新种

孟连姜花新种图1 Hedychium menglianense Y. Y. Qian sp. nov. (Subgen. Euosmianthus) Species affinis H. sino-aureo Stapf, sed plantis ad arbores epiphyticis, laminis (2-)10-27 cm longis, (0.5-)1.7-4 cm latis, petiolis 2-8 mm longis, ligulis papyraceis,1.5-2 mm longis, spicis 10-17-floribus, 5-8 cm longis, bracteis calycis tubos non circumnexis, apice emarginatis, calycis tubis bractea parum brevioribus, corollae lobis linearibus 11-13 mm longis, labellis ovatis, 8-9 mm longis, basi sessilibus, filamentis7-7.5 mm longis, ventraliter pubescentibus, antheris 4.5-4.9 nm longis differt.     

圆瓣姜花茎尖组织培养

1 植物名称圆瓣姜花(Hedychium forrestii). 2 材料类别茎尖. 3 培养条件以MS 为基本培养基.(1)茎尖诱导培养基:MS+6-BA 0.5 mg*L-1(单位下同)MS+NAA 0.2;(2)芽增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 4.0+NAA 0.1;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS+IAA 0.02.上述各培养基均附加2.0%蔗糖,0.7%琼脂,pH 5.4～5.8,在培养温度为(28±2)℃,光照度为2 000 lx连续光照下培养.     

金铁锁的新三萜皂甙

从金铁锁（Psammosilene tunicoides W.C.Wu et C.Y.Wu)根部分离得到5个齐墩果烷型五环三萜皂苷,它们的结构通过波谱和化学方法分别鉴定为：3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-gypsogenin(1),3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-gypsogenin(2),3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyra-nosyl-gypsogenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside(LobatosideI,3),3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside(4),3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→）-β-D-glucuro-nopyranosyl-grpsogenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucuro-nopyranosyl-gypsogenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-rh-amnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside(5),其中5为新化合物,1和2为首次从自然界中分离得到。     

川麦冬中的新C_(27)甾体甙(英文)

从百合科植物川麦冬 (OphiopogonjaponicusKer_Gawl.)块根中分离得到 4个C2 7甾体甙类化合物 ,其中两个为新化合物 :ophiopojaponinA ( 1)和B ( 2 )。它们的结构通过波谱和化学方法鉴定为 :pennogenin 3_O_[2′_O_acetyl_α_L_rhamnopyranosyl ( 1→ 2 ) ]_β_D_xylopyranosyl ( 1→ 3)_β_D_glucopyranoside ( 1) ,2 6_O_β_D_glucopyranosyl_( 2 2 ξ,2 5R)_3β ,14α ,2 2 ξ ,2 6_tetrahydroxyfurost_5_ene 3_O_α_L_rhamnopyranosyl ( 1→ 2 )_β_D_glucopyranoside ( 2 ) ,diosgenin 3_O_[α_L_rhamnopyra nosyl( 1→ 2 ) ]_β_D_xylopyrano_syl ( 1→ 3)_β_D_glucopyranoside ( 3)andruscogenin 1_O_[α_L_rhamnopyranosyl( 1→ 2 ) ]_β_D_xy lopyranosyl ( 1→ 3)_β_D_fucopyranoside ( 4)。     

金铁锁的两个新三萜皂苷

从石竹科植物金铁锁(Psammosilene tunicoides W．C．Wu et C．Y．Wu)根部分离得到4个齐墩果酸型五环三萜皂苷。它们的结构通过波谱和化学方法分别鉴定为：3-O-β-D-galac-topyranosyl-(1→2 )-β-D-6-O-methylgtucuronopymnosyl-quillaic acid (1),3-O-β-D-galactopymnosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-gtucuronopyranosyl-quillaic acid (2),3-O-β-D-galactopyrano-syl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-methylgtucuronopyranosyl-quillaic acid(3),3-O-β-D-galactopymnosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-ethylgtucuronopyranosyl-quillaic acid(4)。其中1为木鳖子中发现的次甙,3和4为新化合物。     

蛇菰的化学成分研究

从湖北恩施地区产蛇菰(Balanophora japonicaMakino)中得到4个成分,分别鉴定为蛇麻脂醇乙酯(lupeolacetate,1)、β-香树脂醇乙酯(-βamyrin acetate,2)、没食子酸(gallic acid,3)和β-谷甾醇(-βsitosterol,4),其中化合物1、2和3为首次从该植物中得到。     

白薇化学成分及其抗烟草花叶病毒活性研究

前期研究发现seco-pregnane类甾体苷具有较强的抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性,为进一步寻找活性化学成分,开展白薇化学成分研究。从白薇乙醇提取物的氯仿部位中分离得到10个单体化合物,根据其理化性质以及波谱数据鉴定为:glaucogenin-C 3-O-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-thevetopyranoside(1)、glaucogenin-C 3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-cymaropyranoside(2)、glaucogenin-C 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranoside(3)、glaucogenin-A 3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranoside(4)、glaucogenin-A 3-O-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranoside(5)、glaucogenin-A 3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranoside(6)、glaucogenin-A 3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-L-cymaropyranoside(7)、glaucogenin-A 3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-L-cymaropyranoside(8)、antofine(9)、2-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(10)。化合物1～8,10均为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用半叶枯斑法,从钝化活性、保护活性、治疗活性三方面评估化合物1～9的生物活性,结果表明,化合物1和9具有显著的抗TMV活性。     

开口箭根茎中甾体化合物的研究

从开口箭根茎部位共分离得到9个甾体化合物,经波谱数据分析结合文献对照分别鉴定为3-epi-neoruscogenin-3-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),3-epi-ruscogenin-3-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),ranmogenin A(3),convallagenin B(4),3-epi-neoruscogenin(5),tupichigenin E(6),(20S,22R)-spirost-25(27)-ene-1β,2β,3β,4β,5β,7α-hexaol-6-one(7),β-谷甾醇(8)和胡萝卜苷(9)。其中化合物1、2和4为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

中国姜花属基于SRAP分子标记的聚类分析

依据苞片是覆瓦状排列或是卷筒状排列而把姜花属Hedychium分为两个亚属的分类法近年颇受质疑.本文利用30对多态性好的随机引物,对中国姜花属的19种1变种共22份材料进行SRAP分子标记分析.其中最有效的28对引物共扩出152条带,当中135条为多态性带,占88.8%.平均每对4.8条,多态性条带里最多的为引物组合F13R1,达到13条.聚类分析表明:(1)中国姜花属植物可分为三个类群:第1群植株较矮小,主要分布于石灰岩地区;第Ⅱ群与第Ⅰ群每苞片均具2朵以上的小花,但植株较高大且基本上不分布于石灰岩地区;第Ⅲ群每苞片仅具1朵小花.此结果与Wood(2000)用ITS分析得出的结果基本一致.(2)支持吴德邻和Larsen(2000)把H. emeiense Z.Y Zhu归并为峨眉姜花H.flavescens Carey ex Roscoe的观点.(3)盘珠姜花H.panzhuum Z.Y Zhu与黄姜花H.flavum Roxb.是同一种植物,即盘珠姜花是黄姜花的晚出同名.(4)土壤基质可能是导致姜花属物种分化的重要因素.作者认为根据每苞片有花多少的特征,在系统学上可把姜花属分为两个类群:A类群,每苞片仅有1朵小花:B类群,每苞片有2朵以上的小花.