上川岛潮间带不同生境底栖软体动物物种多样性初步研究

目的:研究上川岛潮间带不同生境底栖软体动物物种多样性。方法:对上川岛潮间带(沙滩、泥沙滩、红树林泥滩、岩石滩) 4种不同生境的7个样方的底栖软体动物进行了生物多样性的初步调查。结果:共鉴定底栖软体动物14科30种,上川岛潮间带底栖软体动物物种丰富度指数为岩石滩(平均为1.784 ) >泥沙滩(平均为1.5 2 1) >红树林泥滩(平均为1.2 35 ) >沙滩(平均为0 .6 92 ) ;多样性指数岩石滩(平均为1.5 5 1) >红树林泥滩(平均为1.30 4 ) >泥沙滩(平均为1.16 2 ) >沙滩(平均为0 .4 0 3)。结论:底栖软体动物的种类及数量分布受底质、浪击等因素的影响。     

宁波大榭开发区北岸潮间带春季大型底栖动物群落格局

为了解宁波大榭岛潮间带春季大型底栖动物群落结构与数量分布,探讨自然环境因子和人类活动对潮间带大型底栖动物种类组成及数量分布的影响,于2006年4月对大榭岛北岸岩礁相和泥沙相两种不同底质的潮间带大型底栖动物进行采样分析.研究表明:(1)岩礁相断面和泥沙相断面共发现大型底栖动物39种,其中贝类20种,多毛类8种,甲壳类8种;(2)岩礁相断面19种,主要以贝类生物为主,达16种,甲壳类只有2种;泥沙相断面20种,贝类、多毛类和甲壳类分布较为均匀,分别为4种、6种和8种;(3)岩礁相断面和泥沙相断面平均栖息密度分别为583.33 ind/m2和32 ind/m2,平均生物量分别为638.56 g/m2和7.83 g/m2,岩礁相断面栖息密度和生物量均远高于泥沙相断面;(4)岩礁相断面大型底栖动物群落垂直变化较泥沙相断面显著.     

江西五湖水库的底栖动物

本文报道了红壤水体五湖水库底栖动物的种类和数量组成及其垂直分布与底质类型之间的关系。共计46种,平均密度883个/米2,平均生物量1.6386克/米2,其数量在不同底质类型中的分布形式为:淤泥>粘泥>硬泥。底质类型及其变化是影响五湖水库底栖动物数量分布的主要因子。     

泉州湾蟳埔潮间带大型底栖动物群落的时空分布

为了比较泉州湾蟳埔潮间带沙滩、互花米草滩和牡蛎石泥滩3种生境(3个潮层)的大型底栖动物群落,2011年4月至2012年1月对3种生境的大型底栖动物进行了季度定量取样。在3种生境共获得85种大型底栖动物,其中环节动物39种,软体动物20种,节肢动物21种,刺胞动物、扁形动物、纽虫动物、星虫动物和脊索动物各1种。多维标度排序(MDS)分析表明,春季和冬季泉州湾蟳埔潮间带3种生境的大型底栖动物群落相似性较低;夏季和秋季互花米草滩与牡蛎石泥滩的大型底栖动物群落相似性较高,而与沙滩的大型底栖动物群落相似性较低。沙滩大型底栖动物群落的季节变化较明显,其次是牡蛎石泥滩,而互花米草滩大型底栖动物群落的季节变化较不明显。大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量随着潮层降低而增加。单变量双因素方差分析(Two-way ANOVA)表明,不同生境之间的大型底栖动物物种数、栖息密度、多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰度指数有显著差异,但生物量无显著差异,这是因为沙滩的物种数较少,栖息密度较低,但优势种弧边招潮蟹(Uca arcuata)个体较大,互花米草滩和牡蛎石泥滩的优势种为加州中蚓虫(Mediomastus californiensis),个体相对弧边招潮蟹小。不同季节之间大型底栖动物物种数、栖息密度、生物量和丰度指数有显著差异,但多样性指数和均匀度指数元显著差异,这是因为沙滩物种数少,但个体分布比较均匀,而互花米草滩和牡蛎石泥滩物种数较多,个体分布较不均匀。以上结果表明,潮汐、沉积物粒径和生境是影响潮间带大型底栖动物群落的主要因素。潮汐导致潮间带的空间异质性,空间异质性导致大型底栖动物群落的差异。     

嵊泗海岛不同底质潮间带春秋季大型底栖动物的群落格局

于2006年9月(秋季)和2007年4月(春季)对嵊泗海岛的不同底质潮间带断面设立的8个取样站采集的调查资料,采用ABC曲线方法和大型多元统计分析软件PRIMER5对嵊泗海岛大型底栖动物进行Bray-Curtis相似性聚类分析和非度量MDS标序,研究群落结构格局以及用物种多样性指数、物种均匀度和物种丰富度指数分析潮间带大型底栖动物物种多样性和群落种类组成,并对大型底栖动物的群落结构进行了初步研究。调查获得嵊泗海岛的不同底质潮间带大型底栖动物130种,其中多毛类31种,软体动物57种,节肢动物32种,棘皮动物4种,其它类6种。春、秋季嵊泗潮间带大型底栖动物多样性指数(H′)(F1,13=0.10,P=0.75)、物种丰富度(D)(F1,13=0.66,P=0.43)和均匀度指数(J)(F1,13=0.33,P=0.58)均无显著差异;不同底质嵊泗潮间带大型底栖动物多样性指数(H′)(F1,13=14.28,P<0.01)、物种丰富度(D)(F1,13=14.07,P<0.01)存在显著差异,而均匀度指数(J)(F1,13=1.62,P=0.23)无显著差异。群落结构聚类分析和MDS标序表明,8个取样站的群落可分为3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组)。根据所调查嵊泗海岛潮间带的丰度和生物量资料做的ABC曲线分析表明,底栖动物群落受到了中等程度的污染或者扰动。     

崇明岛潮间带夏季大型底栖动物多样性

2006年6月,在上海市崇明岛潮间带设置21个断面,进行了大型底栖动物定量定性采样调查.采集到大型底栖动物63 种,其中甲壳动物29种,占总种数的46.03%;软体动物20种,占31.75%;环节动物10种,占15.87%;底栖鱼类 2种;其它2种.优势种为无齿相手蟹、天津厚蟹、谭氏泥蟹、中华拟蟹守螺、堇拟沼螺、绯拟沼螺、光滑狭口螺和丝异蚓虫.大型底栖动物总平均丰度为138.28ind/m2,平均生物量为 79.11g/m2.系统聚类分析和MDS分析结果基本吻合,可以把21个断面分为3组,崇明北部断面群、崇明东部断面群和崇明南部(含西部)断面群.Shannon-Weiner指数H′＝1.85±0.528(范围0.946～2.783),Pielou均匀度指数J＝0.306±0.098(范围0.142～0.489),Simpson优势度指数D＝0.622±0.141(范围0.303～0.797).底栖动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、多样性指数在各断面的差异主要与盐度分布、底质及人为干扰有关.与同期的历史资料相比,底栖动物总物种数变化不大,但种类组成有所变化;优势种有所变化;丰度和生物量均有所下降;多样性指数近年来变化不大.围垦减缓使崇明潮间带底栖动物多样性有所恢复,但在人为干扰和其他因素综合影响下,原为优势种的河蚬、彩虹明樱蛤、麂眼螺、小头虫和疣吻沙蚕等的密度下降,已不再是优势种.     

浙江大、小长涂岛潮间带大型底栖动物的群落结构研究

研究浙江大、小长涂岛潮间带大型底栖动物的种类组成、数量分布和多样性指数等群落结构特征。共采获大型底栖动物标本34种,其中包括软体动物21种,节肢动物10种,脊索动物2种,腔肠动物1种。该潮间带大型底栖动物总平均生物量为842.68 g·m–2,总平均栖息密度为1186 ind·m–2。在各类群底栖动物中,平均生物量及密度都以软体动物居首位。大、小长涂岛潮间带大型底栖动物的多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数的分布范围分别在0.900—1.861、0.433—2.053和0.531—0.956,平均值分别为1.405±0.414、1.208±0.663和0.678±0.191。估算得出,大型底栖动物次级生产力的值为108.98 g·m–2。     

渔山岛岩石相潮间带大型底栖动物物种多样性

为系统研究渔山岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构与生物多样性,作者于2009年3月至2010年1月在该岛潮间带布设5条断面进行了4个季节的取样,调查大型底栖动物种类组成、生物量和丰度,并分析了多样性状况.结果显示:共鉴定出大型底栖动物100种;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Pielou均匀度指数(J)、Ma...     

乳山湾潮间带春季大型底栖动物群落结构

于2011年5月对乳山湾潮间带8条断面的大型底栖动物进行了定量调查,共鉴定出大型底栖动物116种,其中多毛类58种、软体动物15种、甲壳类27种、棘皮动物3种,其他动物13种.调查潮间带大型底栖动物的平均丰度为872.6 ind·m-2,平均生物量为9.37g·m-2,根据相对重要性指数(IRI)计算优势种为中蚓虫、沈氏厚蟹、纽虫和刺沙蚕等.丰富度指数(d)、多样性指数(H)和均匀度指数(J)平均值分别为2.119、2.384和0.608,为轻度污染海域.以30%的相似性尺度,可将所调查潮间带8个断面划分为3个群落.与同纬度海湾潮间带相比,乳山湾潮间带大型底栖动物具有种数多、个体小、丰度高的特点,仅从大型底栖动物群落结构和多样性指数方面不足以证实该海域贝类养殖对环境产生扰动并对底栖动物群落造成影响,还需要进行更深入的调查研究来综合判断.     

福建海坛海峡潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构及次级生产力

为了解海坛海峡潮间带大型底栖生物现状,我们于2005年10月、2006年4月在位于台湾海峡北端的海坛海峡设置6条断面,依据<海洋监测规范第7部分:近海污染生态调查和生物监测>(GB17378.7-1998),进行潮间带大型底栖动物采样.共采获潮间带大型底栖动物228种,其中多毛类77种、软体动物75种、甲壳动物52种、棘皮动物7种、鱼类5种、其它类群动物12种.年平均生物量(湿重)为12.14 g/m2,年平均密度为571.5 ind./m2 .在数量组成中,软体动物占优势(314.2 ind./m2, 5.38 g/m2),其次是多毛类(20 4.7 ind./m2, 3.35 g/m2).Shannon-Weiner多样性指数3.419, Margalef物种丰富度指数3.271, Pielou均匀度指数0.780, 群落特征表明海坛海峡潮间带生态环境属正常状况.年平均去灰干重2.19 g(AFDW)/m2,依据Brey(1990)的公式计算,潮间带大型底栖动物次级生产力3.72 g(AFDW)/ (m2·a),年平均P/B值为1.74 a-1,表明海坛海峡潮间带大型底栖动物中,个体小、生命周期短、繁殖力高、栖息密度大的种类对潮间带大型底栖动物次级生产力的贡献较大[动物学报 54(3):428-435,2008].     

The relationship between invertebrate assemblages and bio-dependant properties of sediment in urbanized temperate mangrove forests

Relationships between ecological structure, functions and properties of sediments in intertidal mangrove forests and mudflats are poorly understood. Studies have not yielded consistent results, due to complex interactions between biotic and abiotic components. The benthic macrofauna in mangrove forests are important contributors to ecological functions, mediating various sedimentary properties. They vary in abundance and diversity at scales from centimeters to hundreds of metres in what appears to be similar “habitat”, but properties of sediments are often not measured at such small scales, or small-scale variation is ignored as random noise. Yet, there should be relationships between scales of variation in macrofauna and bio-dependant properties of sediments.This paper describes variation in assemblages of benthic invertebrates and bio-dependant properties of sediments at a hierarchical range of spatial scales, within and among different habitats in an urbanized mangrove forest and the associated intertidal mudflats in Sydney Harbour, Australia. Measurements were made on two occasions, in replicate sites in each habitat. These were used to test hypotheses about relationships of scales of variation in the benthos and sediments. The benthos showed relatively little difference in diversity and abundances among habitats compared to variation within and between sites in each habitat. The bio-dependant properties of the sediment showed less variation at small scales and larger among-habitat variation than did the benthos. Variation in the benthos did not clearly correlate with variation in the selected bio-dependant properties of the sediments at any scales. Neither did the properties of the sediment show consistent correlations in any habitat.These data indicate that the properties and processes driving the benthos are not simply related to the properties of the sediment we measured and that there was very large variation in both benthos and bio-dependant properties within small sites. This highlights the necessity of using experimental designs that sample at a hierarchy of scales for benthic assemblages and bio-dependant properties of sediment.     

Patterns in biogeochemical properties of sediments and benthic animals among different habitats in mangrove forests

Abstract Determining interactions between biological and physical structure of intertidal sediments and their relationships to ecological functioning is vital for improving our understanding of these complex habitats. If spatial and/or temporal variations in the benthos are related to properties of the sediment, one can infer that sediments should vary and change at similar scales to the benthos. The mangrove forests of Sydney Harbour, Australia consist of distinct subhabitats (termed MH1‐3, representing a change from open mudflat to canopied mangrove forest), which might affect benthos and, independently, properties of the sediment. This study tests the model that the benthos and sediment would respond to environmental differences between MH1–3 similarly in different locations and thus show consistent patterns of difference among habitats. Although general patterns of sediment properties and benthos were relatively similar, detailed patterns varied among locations. The relative importance of the different sedimentary properties varied in unpredictable ways among habitats in the different locations. Out of all the variables, only total carbohydrate was consistently important in driving differences among habitats in all three locations, but only between MH1 and MH2. That there were no other strong consistent differences between the different microhabitats in terms of the measured properties of the sediments indicates that there is more driving these patterns than a simple relationship to different habitat formed by mangrove forests and/or feedbacks between sediment properties and benthos. With respect to the benthic assemblage, in all bays MH1 and MH3 were the most different. The benthos showed stronger patterns relating to the different subhabitats than did the sediment, suggesting that there are important differences affecting these habitats that were not revealed by our suite of biogeochemical measurements of the sediment.     

Enumeration and speciation of enterococci found in marine and intertidal sediments and coastal water in southern California

AIMS: To determine the levels and species distribution of enterococci in intertidal and marine sediments and coastal waters at two beaches frequently in violation of bacterial water standards. METHODS AND RESULTS: Faecal indicator bacteria were extracted from sediment and enumerated using membrane filtration. High levels of enterococci were detected in intertidal sediments in a seasonal river and near a storm drain outlet. Low levels were found in marine sediments at 10 m depths and in surf zone sand. Bacterial isolates presumptively identified as Enterococcus on mEI media were speciated. The predominant species found in both water and sediment included Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus mundtii. A number of isolates (11-26%) from regulatory water samples presumptively identified as enterococci on mEI media were subsequently identified as species other than Enterococcus. At both study sites, the distribution of species present in water was comparable with those in sediments and the distribution of species was similar in water samples passing and exceeding bacterial indicator standards. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of Enterococcus in intertidal sediments indicate retention and possible regrowth in this environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Resuspension of enterococci that are persistent in sediments may cause beach water quality failures and calls into question the specificity of this indicator for determining recent faecal contamination.     

Untersuchungen über die Auswirkung kommunaler Abwässer auf das benthische Ökosystem mariner Watten

The influence of domestic sewage on intertidal sand and mud flat benthic communities has been studied at three minor outfalls around the North Sea island of Sylt (F. R. Germany) and at the main outfall of Vancouver, B. C. (Canada). During high tide, domestic waste water was found at the water surface due to its lower specific gravity. Consequently, O₂ depletion and salinity decrease occured mainly in surface waters. Oxygen deficiency prevailed in the sediment-water layer, when settled sewage particles were re-suspended by strong tidal currents. This resulted in anaerobic conditions at the sediment surface for up to 40% of the day. Substantial pH decrease and increase in seston load of the water were observed only along the sewage channels and around the outlets when large quantities of sewage were discharged. The amount of particulate organic material increased up to 10% and more in muddy sediments due to sedimentation of sewage sludge. Considerable eutrophication of the mud flats resulted from nutrient load of the sewage and from decomposition of faecal material deposited on the sediments. The vertical distribution of microalgae in the sediment was not influenced by sewage. Primary productivity of microalgae on the sediment surface was positively correlated with the degree of pollution. In heavily and mediumly polluted zones, heterotrophic bacterial production exceeded primary production rates at the sediment surface. Compared with unpolluted intertidal flats the number of macrobenthic species was not reduced in polluted mud flats. In regard to overall species abundance, the macrofauna associations of the disposal area showed three distinct zones: (1) Heavy pollution around the outfall resulted in a degradation zone either without benthic invertebrates or with a very low density of individuals; (2) medium polluted areas were characterized by a zone of maximum density; (3) with decreasing or diminishing pollution the number of individuals returned to normal values (background values). The distribution of species within these zones indicated a significant difference between the response of the channel fauna and the flat fauna to pollution: while the number of species increased continously inside the channels with decreasing pollution, the species variety of the tidal flats was positively correlated with the number of individuals. The diversity of the benthos inside the channels was negatively correlated with the degree of pollution, whereas the diversity indices for the fauna on the tidal flats increased quickly from the centre of pollution, remained at a high level in the medium polluted zone, and decreased again to the area of diminishing pollution. The number of dominating species in the sewage channel increased from the outlet towards the low-tide level, with ratios of 0.9 to 0.33; on the flats the number remained constant throughout the three zones, with maximum ratios of 0.5, demonstrating that no qualitative changes for the macrobenthos of intertidal flats result from domestic sewage disposals. In polluted intertidal flats the macrobenthos is dominated by muddy-sand species whose adaptability to varying sedimentary factors, such as grain size distribution and content of organic material (coefficients of variability: 50.7 and 45.7%, respectively), is relatively high compared with mud and sand species. A special indicator community for polluted intertidal areas does not exist. Intensified waste-water treatment prior to discharge reduced the size of the degradation zone around the outfalls while it simultaneously caused a lower density of the macrobenthos in the medium polluted zone.

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Dissertation aus dem Fachbereich Biologie der Universität Hamburg.     

Modelling nearshore intertidal habitat use of young-of-the-year Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

The Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) is an ecologically important prey species for many vertebrate marine predators in the Pacific Northwest. In this study, we examined the use of intertidal habitat by young of the year (YOY) sand lance in Barkley Sound, British Columbia. We selected 14 of the original 29 independent environmental variables for modelling based on univariate analysis for variable selection. These were then used to model sand lance presence-absence using a classification tree approach. Based on our models we found that sand lance avoided mud and intertidal eelgrass. For sites that had very little mud and no intertidal eelgrass, sand lance preferred sediment size mean ≥1,918 μm or sites with sediment size mean ≤1,918 μm but with relatively well sorted sediment (sorting values ≤2.56 SDs, used as a heterogeneity index of the substrate grain size). Adjacent subtidal characteristics were not found to be important at this scale of study. This suggests intertidal substrate characteristics and presence-absence of intertidal eelgrass are the main influences on occurrence of YOY in the intertidal. Our results support the hypothesis that sand lance are associated with particular sediment types, however intertidal sediment types used by sand lance in our study differ from known preferences of sand lance for subtidal sediment types. This difference may be due to unique habitat constraints for intertidal versus subtidal regions. Although it is unknown if the results of this study are widely applicable, the results begin to identify intertidal habitat features that are important for Pacific sand lance.     

长江口潮间带底栖生物生态及变化趋势

基于长江口3个区域潮间带(崇明东滩、南汇边滩和嵊山岛)监测数据,对长江口区域潮间带底栖生物生态现状及变化趋势进行评价。结果表明,2019年长江口海域泥相和岩相潮间带共鉴定大型底栖生物9门57种,软体动物、甲壳类和多毛类构成主要类群。崇明东滩、南汇边滩两个泥相潮间带底栖生物平均栖息密度分别为96.4个/m~2和160.4个/m~2,平均生物量分别为68.42 g/m~2和45.71 g/m~2;嵊山岛岩相潮间带平均栖息密度和生物量分别为488.9个/m~2和763.72 g/m~2。各断面多样性、丰富度和均匀度指数分别位于1.36—3.24、0.75—2.88和0.48—0.77,泥相潮间带低潮区生物多样性优于中潮区和高潮区,岩相潮间带中潮区生物多样性最好。聚类分析可见长江口海域潮间带底栖生物分为泥相和岩相2个大组群,物种分布存在明显的分潮区现象,高潮区站位成群或与个别中潮区站位成群,低潮区站位成群或与个别中潮区站位成群,表明底质类型和潮汐是影响潮间带大型底栖生物群落结构的主要因子。近30年来,崇明东滩和南汇边滩底栖生物种类数存在一定波动,嵊山后陀湾断面生物种类数明显下降;3个区域潮间带...     

Relationships between benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical properties of sediments at different spatial scales and among different habitats in mangrove forests

In muddy intertidal sediments, there are reported complex interactions between the biological, physical and chemical properties of the sediment and the benthos that live in and on it. These are expected to be reflected in strong relationships between benthic animals and particular properties of the sediment, although some research has shown these relationships to be relatively weak. This study investigates the relationships between benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical properties of sediments within and among different habitats in multiple mangrove forests in a temperate estuary, in order to address the generality of any such relationships. Matched samples of benthos and sediment were collected from three habitats, which differed with respect to shading, the amounts of algae and leaf litter and the presence of pneumatophores. The sediment was sampled for water content, grain size, organic matter, chlorophylls a and b and colloidal and total carbohydrate.Spatial variation in sediment and benthos were significantly correlated across habitats in two of the three bays, but the sediment properties that contributed to differences between habitats and those that best correlated with the benthos varied among bays. In all bays, the single taxon that best correlated with the sediment was spionid polychaetes, but correlations were generally weak. There was no generality in the patterns of variation among the benthos or sedimentary properties among habitats. The benthos differed significantly among bays in all habitats, with large variation within and among sites. The sediment varied significantly at small scales in all habitats, but significant differences among bays were only found in two habitats. All spatial scales contributed to the total amount of variability in the sediment and there was little predictability from the patterns shown in one habitat to those in other habitats, or from one component of sediment to other components. Such variability suggests that there may be structural redundancy in this fauna, with different components of the benthos contributing to similar functions in different places. Such variability must be considered in experiments designed to understand relationships between ecological structure and function in these complex habitats and in any sampling studies to identify environmental impacts in these habitats.     

Distribution and growth of benthic macroinvertebrates among different patch types of the littoral zones of two arctic lakes

1. To evaluate the effect of habitat patch heterogeneity on abundance and growth of macroinvertebrates in arctic lakes, macroinvertebrate abundance, individual biomass, and potential food resources were studied in three patch types in two arctic lakes on the Alaskan North Slope near the Toolik Lake Field Station. An experiment was conducted to determine which sediment patch type supported higher growth rates for Chironomus sp., a commonly occurring macroinvertebrate. 2. Potential organic matter (OM) resources were significantly higher in both rock and macrophyte patches than in open‐mud patches. Total macroinvertebrate densities in both lakes were highest in rock patches, intermediate in macrophytes and lowest in open‐mud. The open‐mud patches also had lower species richness compared with other patch types. Additionally, individual biomass for one clam species and two chironomid species was significantly greater in rock patches than in open‐mud. 3. In a laboratory experiment, Chironomus showed two to three times greater mass increase in sediments from macrophyte and rock patches than from open‐mud patches. Rock and macrophyte experimental sediments had at least 1.5 × the percentage OM as open‐mud sediments. 4. Chlorophyll a appeared to be the best predictor for invertebrate abundances across all patch types measured, whereas OM content appeared to be the variable most closely associated with Chironomus growth. 5. Our results combined with previous studies show that the relationships between macroinvertebrate community structure, individual growth, and habitat heterogeneity are complex, reflecting the interaction of multiple resources, and biotic interactions, such as the presence or absence of a selective vertebrate predator (lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush).     

中街山列岛岩相潮间带大型底栖动物的群落格局

于2006年9月和2007年7月在中街山列岛4个有居民海岛岩相潮间带设立8个断面,对大型底栖动物的群落结构进行了调查.共获得大型底栖动物34种,其中腔肠动物1种,环节动物3种,甲壳动物10种,软体动物20种.优势种有日本笠藤壶(Tetraclita japonica)、紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)和节蝾螺(Turb articulatus)等4种.以季节和站位为因子对多样性指数进行双因素方差分析,结果表明只有夏、秋季丰富度指数(P=0.028)存在显著差异,其他指数的方差分析没有显著差异(P＞0.05).3个潮带4个岛屿共12个站位的聚类分析和MDS标序分析表明,12个群落可分为3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组).大型底栖动物ABC曲线分析表明底栖动物群落尚未受到干扰.