高效液相色谱法测定经舒胶囊中丹皮酚的含量

目的:建立以高效液相色谱法测定经舒胶囊中丹皮酚含量的方法。方法:采用Platisil ODS色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm 5μm);以甲醇-水(45:55)为流动相;柱温:40℃;流速:1.0ml.min-1;检测波长:274nm。结果:在建立的色谱条件下,丹皮酚进样量在0.08487~0.50922μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率(n=6)为98.75%(RSD=1.74%)。结论:方法简便可靠,分离度好,可用于经舒胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC测定双金花茶中免疫活性分子山奈酚的含量

目的建立HPLC测定双金花茶中免疫活性分子山奈酚含量的方法。方法采用Kromasil C18(4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相:甲醇∶0.1%醋酸水溶液(70∶30);流速:1.0 ml/min;检测波长:370 nm;柱温:25℃。结果山奈酚在进样量0.04～0.40μg(r=0.9999)范围内呈良好线性关系,平均加样回收率为100.00%,RSD为0.07%(n=6)。结论 HPLC法简便易行,准确可靠,可用于双金花茶中免疫活性分子山奈酚含量测定。     

HPLC法测定前列舒乐颗粒中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的:建立前列舒乐颗粒中淫羊藿苷的HPLC测定方法。方法:以C18(4.6 mm×15 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,以乙腈-水(30∶70)为流动相,流速1 mL/min,测定波长270 nm。结果:线性范围在0.40～4.00μg(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.79%,RSD=2.5%(n=6)。结论:本方法简便可行,重现性好,结果可靠,可以用来测定淫羊藿苷的含量,控制前列舒乐颗粒的质量。     

壮、瑶药小槐花中异柠檬酚的分离鉴定及含量测定研究

采用硅胶色谱柱分离纯化的方法从小槐花药材中分离得到一种黄酮类化合物,根据理化性质及光谱数据鉴定其为异柠檬酚。采用HPLC法对异柠檬酚的含量进行测定,HPLC分析条件如下:色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.2%磷酸水溶液(70∶30),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为270 nm,柱温为35℃。实验结果表明异柠檬酚在0.011~0.242μg范围与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率为99.76%,RSD为1.42%(n=6),不同采集地的小槐花药材中异柠檬酚的含量存在一定差异。     

RP-HPLC法测定枇杷叶中熊果酸和齐墩果酸的含量

目的:建立枇杷叶中熊果酸和齐墩果酸的含量测定方法.方法:采用RP-HPLC法测定,色谱柱为ZorbaxODS柱,用甲醇-1%醋酸水溶液(88:12)为流动相,检测波长为215 nm.结果:熊果酸和齐墩果酸的平均回收率分别为98.1%,97.3%(n=3),RSD分别为1.78%,1.93%(n=3).结论:本法准确、灵敏、快速,可作为枇杷叶药材及其制剂的质量控制方法之一.     

新药23-羟基白桦酸的含量及其他三萜的RP-HPLC测定

目的:建立23-羟基白桦酸及有关物质的RP-HPLC测定方法。方法:高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(250 mm×4.60 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-0.2%醋酸水溶液(62∶38),流速为0.8 mL.min-1;检测波长204 nm。结果:23-羟基白桦酸进样量与峰面积呈良好线性关系,线性范围为0.20~4.0μg,r=0.999 9(n=5);回收率为97.4%~104.7%(n=9)。结论:本法快速,简便,重复性好,可用于23-羟基白桦酸的含量测定和有关物质检查。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定不同品种花椒中芦丁和槲皮素的含量

目的:建立RP-HPLC测定花椒中芦丁与槲皮素含量的方法,并对不同种花椒的中芦丁与槲皮素含量进行测定与比较。方法:Zorbax Eclipse C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相∶甲醇-0.4%磷酸(50∶50);流速1 mL/min;检测波长:360 nm;柱温25℃。结果:芦丁在0.25~5.0μg,r=0.999 9峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率为99.1%,RSD为4.3%(n=3)。槲皮素在0.25~0.5μg,r=0.999 9峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率为111.2%,RSD为5.1%(n=3)。结论:该方法可用于花椒中芦丁和槲皮素的测定。测定结果表明,韩城红花椒中芦丁含量最高,茂汉红花椒次之,四川青花椒较少,云南青花椒最低。槲皮素在韩城红花椒中含量较高,在其他三种花椒中差别不大。     

RP-HPLC法测定加替沙星眼用凝胶剂含量

目的建立测定加替沙星眼用凝胶剂含量的方法。方法采用RP-HPLC法,色谱柱Diamonsil C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.3%磷酸溶液(pH 3)(23∶77),流速1.0ml/min,检测波长290nm。结果标准曲线线性范围4.0~40.0μg/ml,r=0.9998;回收率为99.5%,RSD=1.23%;精密度RSD=2.54%。结论该法简便、快速、可靠,完全适合加替沙星眼用凝胶剂质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定消瘀跌打药酒中姜黄素的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定消瘀跌打药酒中姜黄素的含量。方法采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-4%冰醋酸溶液(47∶53),检测波长430 nm,流速为1 ml·min~(-1),柱温为30℃。结果姜黄素的进样浓度在0.2114～5.2850μg·ml~(-1)范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系,回归方程:Y=1.4044X-0.0780(r=0.9997);平均加样回收率为99.57%,RSD=1.19%(n=6)。结论该方法稳定、简便,可用于消瘀跌打药酒的质量控制。     

HPLC梯度洗脱同时测定牛蒡子液体制剂中牛蒡子苷和牛蒡子苷元的含量

目的:建立一种同时测定牛蒡子液体制剂中牛蒡子苷和牛蒡子苷元含量的HPLC梯度洗脱法。方法:采用Dionex Summit高效液相色谱系统,ODS C18柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0ml/min,测定波长280nm,柱温30℃下对牛蒡子液体制剂中牛蒡子苷和牛蒡子苷元进行含量测定。结果:牛蒡子苷进样浓度在0.098～0.98mg/ml、牛蒡子苷元进样浓度在0.0304～0.304mg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9997、r=0.9995),平均回收率分别为100.80%,RSD为1.9%(n=6)和98.6%,RSD为2.3%(n=6)。结论:该方法准确可靠、重现性好,可用于牛蒡子液体制剂的含量测定。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.     

（鱼句）亚科花（鱼骨）型鱼类骨骼系统的比较

对我国花型Hemibarbuspattern鱼类作了骨骼系统比较,结果表明,此类型鱼类脑颅较长,副蝶骨平直或稍弯曲,眶蝶骨腹纵嵴发达(铜鱼Coreius septentrionalis例外),下颞窝和咽突中等大,基枕骨后突发达;脑颅中的上筛骨的后突、侧筛骨的外筛突,蝶耳骨的外突、上耳骨的后突、围眶骨和后颞窝等均有明显的差异;咽颅中的舌颌骨、尾舌骨、鳃盖骨和下咽齿的列数等又有显著的区别;附肢骨骼中的腰带骨、脊椎骨中的复合神经骨和第4椎骨腹侧的悬器等也有不同之处。据此,这些差异和区别可作为属间或种间的分类依据。     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.