Wound healing activity of Carica papaya L. in experimentally induced diabetic rats

The aqueous extract of C. papaya fruit (100 mg kg(-1) day(-1) for 10 days) was evaluated for its wound healing activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using excision and dead space wound models. Extract-treated animals exhibited 77% reduction in the wound area when compared to controls which was 59%. The extract treated wounds were found to epithelize faster as compared to controls. The wet and dry granulation tissue weight and hydroxyproline content increased significantly when compared to controls. The extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against the five organisms tested. Carica papaya promotes significant wound healing in diabetic rats and further evaluation of this activity in humans is suggested.     

Effect of Ocimum sanctum Linn. on normal and dexamethasone suppressed wound healing

Ethanolic extract of leaves of O. sanctum was investigated for normal wound healing and dexamethasone depressed healing using incision, excision and dead space wound models in albino rats. The extract of O. sanctum significantly increased the wound breaking strength in incision wound model. The extract treated wounds were found to epithelialize faster and the rate of wound contraction was significantly increased as compared to control wounds. Significant increase in wet and dry granulation tissue weight, granulation tissue breaking strength and hydroxyproline content in dead space wound model was observed. The extract significantly decreased the antihealing activities of dexamethasone in all the wound models. The results indicated that the leaf extract promotes wound healing significantly and able to overcome the wound healing suppressing action of dexamethasone. Histological examination of granulation tissue to determine the pattern of lay-down for collagen confirmed the results.     

解毒活血汤促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的效果分析

目的:研究解毒活血汤治疗肛周脓肿术后患者创面愈合的临床效果及可能机制。方法:选择2017年1月～2019年1月我院肛肠科三病区收治的300例肛周脓肿患者,根据其就诊的顺序,随机数字表法均分为两组,各150例,两组均采取一期肛周脓肿根治术治疗,对照组于术后采用高锰酸钾溶液坐浴疗法,观察组于术后联合服用解毒活血汤治疗。均治疗4 w后,比较两组创面愈合的有效率,肛周脓肿患者创面的愈合时间和视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分,治疗前后肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数。结果:治疗后,观察组创面愈合的总有效率明显高于对照组(90.67 vs. 71.33%,P0.05);观察组肛周脓肿患者创面愈合的时间明显短于对照组(P0.05)。对照组治疗前后的肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数无明显的差异(P0.05),观察组治疗后的肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数明显高于治疗前和对照组(P0.05)。观察组术后3 d、1 w和2 w的VAS评分均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:解毒活血汤可能通过提升肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数有效促进肛周脓肿术后的创面愈合,减轻术后疼痛。     

Effect of Dehydrozingerone, a half analog of curcumin on dexamethasone-delayed wound healing in albino rats

Oxidative stress is triggered by the wound which results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby delaying normal wound repair. Therefore, it is important to reduce the level of ROS to improve healing. A known antioxidant, dehydrozingerone (DHZ) was synthesized and selected for the study. The authors aimed to investigate the wound healing action of topical (100 mg/wound) and systemic (100 mg/kg, p. o.). DHZ on different wound models in normal and dexamethasone (DEX)-suppressed healing. Topical DHZ showed a significant (P < 0.05) rise in tensile strength when compared to control in normal healing. Significant (P < 0.05) wound closure was observed from 3 to 9 days in DHZ oral and gel treated groups. There was a significant (P < 0.05) rise in hydroxyproline content with the DHZ treated groups when compared to control. Systemic DHZ exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) increase in lysyl oxidase (LO) levels of 3.73 ± 0.15 nmol of H(2)O(2) when compared to control. In DEX-suppressed healing, showed good pro-healing activity with respect to the parameters mentioned above. DHZ treatment exhibited a parabolic dose response of ROS inhibition with a plateau effect at 75 μM. There was a steady and constant increase in the % NO inhibition with increasing doses of DHZ. Oral DHZ is effective in accelerating the healing process in both normal and dexamethasone-suppressed wounds. Our study suggests that DHZ (half analog of curcumin) supplementation reduces the steroid-induced delay in wound healing.     

Wound healing activity of ethanolic extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. resin

The ethanolic extract of S. robusta resin (10 and 30 % w/w applied locally in excised and incised wounds) produced a dose-dependent acceleration in wound contraction and increased hydroxyproline content and tensile strength of wounds in rats. The results demonstrate wound healing activity of ethanolic extract of S. robusta resin.     

Influence of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) flavone on dermal wound healing in rats

The present investigation was undertaken to determine the efficacy of topical administration of flavone of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) on cutaneous wound healing in rats. Four full-thickness excision wounds were created on the back of rat and 1.0% w/v flavone prepared in propylene glycol was applied topically. Control animals received the vehicle alone in an identical manner. The healing of the wound was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, period of epithelialization, hydroxyproline, hexosamine, antioxidants estimation and histopathology of the granulation tissue. The sea buckthorn flavone promoted the wound healing activity as indicated by improved rate of wound contraction, decreased time taken for epithelialization (16.3 days versus 24.8 days in controls) and significant increase in hydroxyproline (26.0%) and hexosamine (30.0%) content. These findings were also confirmed by histopathological examinations. In addition, it was observed that sea buckthorn flavone possesses potent antioxidant properties as evidenced by significant increase in reduced glutathione (55.0%), vitamin C (70.0%) and catalase (20.0%) activities in wound granulation tissue. The flavone treatment also resulted in significant decrease in lipid peroxide levels (39.0%). The results suggest that the sea buckthorn flavone promotes wound healing activity.     

Effect of Alternanthera brasiliana (L) Kuntze on healing of dermal burn wound

Wound healing activity of methanol extract of Alternanthera brasiliana [5% (w/w) ointment] was evaluated in experimental burn wound model in rats. Healing potential was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, estimation of anti-oxidants like catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, protein, vitamin C and hydroxyproline, along with histopathological examination on 8th day post wounding. The statistical data indicated that there was significant increase in wound contraction along with augmented level of antioxidants in granulation tissues in A. brasiliana treated group. Histopathological assessment of the granulation tissue revealed formation of epidermis with keratin layer and deposition of collagen fibers after treatment with the plant extract.     

微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶对大鼠创伤愈合作用的实验研究

本文研究了微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶对大鼠创伤的促愈合作用。建立大鼠背部刀割伤模型,用创面照像、透明膜描记扫描记录伤后第5、10、15、20 天创面面积,计算创伤愈合率;并用注水法测量伤腔容积,同时观测肉芽组织再生及其总蛋白、氨基已糖和己糖醛酸的含量变化情况。结果实验组创面愈合时间平均为18.1天,较对照组平均缩短了2-3天(P<0.05);创伤愈合率显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);伤腔容积明显缩小(P<0.05);实验组肉芽干湿重较对照组显著增加(P<0.05),肉芽中蛋白质、氨基已糖和己糖醛酸含量增加显著(P<0.05)。结果显示谷氨酰胺转胺酶具有促进大鼠皮肤创伤愈合的作用,其作用机理可能是促进肉芽组织中蛋白质,氨基多糖和胶原的合成有关。     

Evaluation of aqueous leaves extract of Moringa oleifera Linn for wound healing in albino rats

Aqueous extract of leaves of M. oleifera was investigated and rationalised for its wound healing activity. The aqueous extract was studied at dose level of 300 mg/kg body weight using resutured incision; excision and dead space wound models in rats. Significant increase in wound closure rate, skin-breaking strength, granuloma breaking strength, hydroxyproline content, granuloma dry weight and decrease in scar area was observed. The prohealing actions seem to be due to increased collagen deposition as well as better alignment and maturation. From the results obtained, it may be concluded that the aqueous extract of M. oleifera has significant wound healing property.     

Effect of nifedipine and amlodipine on dead space wound healing in rats

Effect of two calcium channel blockers (CCBs) nifedipine and amlodipine, was studied on normal and steroid depressed wound healing in albino rats, using the dead space wound model. The drugs enhanced normal healing as evidenced by increase in tensile strength of 10 days old granulation tissue. There was neither a significant change in the hydroxyproline level (or collagen) nor a change in the glycosaminoglycan content in granulation tissue. However, lysyloxidase level was increased significantly. The increase in tensile strength could thus be attributed to better cross-linking and maturation of collagen rather than collagen synthesis per se. The drugs were also able to overcome steroid depressed wound healing. It is likely that the prohealing effects may be related to the improved antioxidant status too, since superoxide dismutase levels were observed to be higher in the CCB- treated animals.     

Promotion of wound healing by yeast glucan evaluated on single animals

The effectiveness of yeast glucan in the acceleration of wound healing was evaluated in mice, rats and guinea pigs. In all experiments comparison between glucan treatment in one hind leg and saline treatment as control on the other leg was made on identical wounds. The degree of healing in the two legs was evaluated macroscopically and classified as follows: 1. healing more advanced in glucan treated wound marked by (+). 2. No significant difference between the two legs marked by (0). 3. Healing more advanced in the control wound, marked by (-). During the days when the differences were most obvious, 60% to 80% of the animals showed more advanced healing in the glucan treated wound, 20% to 40% showed no significant difference; and 0 to 15% showed more advanced healing in the control, saline treated wound. The average time for complete wound healing was reduced by about 18% as a result of glucan treatment. The histological analysis shows that the acceleration of wound healing was mediated by early arrival of macrophages to the wound area in the glucan treated wounds.     

Topical application of plasma fibronectin in full-thickness skin wound healing in rats

Fibronectin (Fn) has been shown to play an important role in wound healing because it appears to be the stimulus for migration of fibroblasts and epidermal cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether topical application of plasma Fn (pFn) improves healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rats. A round section of full-thickness skin (diameter of approximately 15 mm) was resected in rats. Animals were then divided into two groups, and wounds were treated topically with a single application of human plasma albumin (control group) or human pFn (FN group). Wound closure rate, hydroxyproline concentration, and histologic features (immunohistochemical staining) were evaluated. The FN group had a significantly higher wound closure rate and hydroxyproline level in the skin than the control group. Histologic analysis of macrophage and fibroblast migration, collagen regeneration, and epithelialization were significantly increased in the FN group compared with the control group. A single topical application of pFn increased the migration of macrophages, myofibroblasts, and fibroblasts. Moreover, further release of transforming growth factor-beta1 from activated fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and epithelial cells may also contribute to the beneficial effect of pFn on wound healing.     

Nitric oxide inhibits wound collagen synthesis

Nitric oxide (NO) is a messenger molecule which regulates many physiological functions like immunity, vascular tone and serves as a neurotransmitter. Although it is known to participate in healing process, its role in collagen synthesis is not clear. Therefore, the present investigation was done to study the role of NO in wound collagen synthesis. Rats received full thickness, circular (8 mm), transdermal wounds which were treated with NO releaser, sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.001 100 M) topically for 5 days. Wound collagen content estimated in terms of hydroxyproline (HP) and confirmed histochemically was decreased significantly by all SNP doses. L-Arginine, a substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) when applied topically decreased collagen content of the wounded tissues. N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a competitive inhibitor of NOS, increased wound collagen content significantly as compared to untreated and SNP treated animal wounds when administered intraperitoneally at the doses 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg. Furthermore, histological findings also demonstrated laying down of thick collagen bundles and proliferation of fibroblasts together with prominent angiogenesis in L-NAME treated wound tissues as compared to untreated and SNP treated tissues. N-nitro-D-arginine methyl ester, an inactive isomer, was found to have no effect on wound collagen levels. When L-arginine was administered in L-NAME pretreated rats, it significantly elevated wound HP content. The results indicate that NO plays an important role in regulating the collagen biosynthesis in skin model of a healing wound.     

封闭负压引流对兔糖尿病溃疡创面组织愈合影响的观察

目的:探讨封闭负压引流(VAC)对兔糖尿病溃疡创面组织愈合的影响及其可能机制。方法:采用四氧嘧啶法建立兔糖尿病溃疡模型,设空白对照组和实验组(对照组创面采用常规包扎治疗处理,实验组创面则采用VAC处理),观察和比较两组动物的创面肉眼观、愈合时间,在致伤前、致伤后3 d、7 d、14 d取创面软组织,检测和比较两组动物的创面组织含水量、血流量以及血浆ET-1和NO含量。结果:与对照组比较,实验组动物的创面肿胀及分泌物得到明显控制,创面坏死组织的清除与肉芽组织的生长明显加快,平均愈合时间明显缩短(P0.05);致伤后3 d、7 d和14 d,创面组织含水量与血浆ET-1含量明显下降(P0.05),创面组织血流量与血浆NO含量明显增加(P0.05)。结论:VAC对兔糖尿病溃疡创面组织的愈合可起到积极的促进作用,这可能与其增加血浆NO含量及降低ET-1的含量有关,其具体机制尚有待于进一步的研究。     

Morphologic and biochemical study of stimulated collagenogenesis

A study was made of the effect of potassium orotate on wound healing. The duration of wound healing was 3 days less in animals given potassium orotate as compared to controls, with the rate of prolin-containing protein synthesis by fibroblasts and the rate of their egress into the intercellular space being increased. No excess fibrillogenesis was noted. Hydroxyprolin content in the granulation tissue of wounds differed little in control and in experimental animals.     

Short- and long-term effects of IL-1 and TNF antagonists on periodontal wound healing

The present study tested the effects of local injection of IL-1 and TNF soluble receptors on a periodontal wound-healing model in nonhuman primates. In this model, periodontal lesions were developed for 16 wk, followed by open flap surgery. Starting at the time of surgery, groups of animals received localized injections of both soluble cytokine receptors or else PBS three times per week for 3, 14, or 35 days. Periodontal wound healing was analyzed for each group at the end of the treatment regimen. Fourteen days after surgery, a significant decrease was observed between the animals treated with soluble receptors and the untreated group with respect to recruitment of inflammatory cells in deep gingival connective tissue. Concurrent apoptosis of inflammatory cells in those tissues increased significantly in treated animals compared with untreated animals. All other outcome parameters of periodontal wound healing were likewise significantly improved in treated animals compared with untreated animals. In marked contrast, however, 35 days after surgery, there was a significant increase in the number of inflammatory cells that had infiltrated into deep gingival connective tissue in treated compared with untreated animals. Outcome parameters of periodontal wound healing worsened in treated animals when compared with untreated. These results indicate that proinflammatory cytokines may play different functional roles in early vs late phases of periodontal wound healing. Short-term blockade of IL-1 and TNF may facilitate periodontal wound healing, whereas prolonged blockade may have adverse effects.     

The Effects of Sericin Cream on Wound Healing in Rats

Sericin has good hydrophilic properties, compatibility, and biodegradation, it can be used as a wound-healing agent. We evaluated the effects of sericin on wound healing and wound size reduction using rats by generating two full-thickness skin wounds on the dorsum. Group 1 animals were treated with Betadine^® on left-side (control) wounds and, with 8% sericin cream on right-side (treated) wounds. Group 2, cream base (formula control) and 8% sericin cream (treated) were topically applied to left-, and right-side wounds respectively. Sericin-treated wounds had much smaller inflammatory reactions, and wound-size reduction was much greater than in the control throughout the inspection period. Mean time in days for 90% healing from sericin-treated wounds was also much less than for cream base-treated wounds. Histological examination after 15 d of treatment with 8% sericin cream revealed complete healing, no ulceration, and an increase in collagen as compared to cream base-treated wounds, which showed some ulceration and acute inflammatory exudative materials.     

The effects of sericin cream on wound healing in rats

Sericin has good hydrophilic properties, compatibility, and biodegradation, it can be used as a wound-healing agent. We evaluated the effects of sericin on wound healing and wound size reduction using rats by generating two full-thickness skin wounds on the dorsum. Group 1 animals were treated with Betadine on left-side (control) wounds and, with 8% sericin cream on right-side (treated) wounds. Group 2, cream base (formula control) and 8% sericin cream (treated) were topically applied to left-, and right-side wounds respectively. Sericin-treated wounds had much smaller inflammatory reactions, and wound-size reduction was much greater than in the control throughout the inspection period. Mean time in days for 90% healing from sericin-treated wounds was also much less than for cream base-treated wounds. Histological examination after 15 d of treatment with 8% sericin cream revealed complete healing, no ulceration, and an increase in collagen as compared to cream base-treated wounds, which showed some ulceration and acute inflammatory exudative materials.     

Wound healing property of ethanolic extract of leaves of Hyptis suaveolens with supportive role of antioxidant enzymes

Ethanolic extract of leaves of Hyptis suaveolens was evaluated for its wound healing activity in ether-anaesthetized Wistar rats at two different doses (400 and 800 mg/kg) using incision, excision, and dead space wound model. Significant increase in skin breaking strength, granuloma breaking strength, wound contraction, hydroxyproline content and dry granuloma weight and decrease in epithelization period was observed. A supportive study made on granuloma tissue to estimate the levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase recorded a significant increase in the level of these antioxidant enzymes. Granuloma tissue was subjected to histopathological examination to determine the pattern of lay-down for collagen using Van Gieson and Masson Trichrome stains. Enhanced wound healing activity may be due to free radical scavenging action of the plant and enhanced level of antioxidant enzymes in granuloma tissue. Better collagenation may be because of improved antioxidant studies.     

组织工程复合皮肤应用于皮肤缺损创面的临床疗效观察

目的:临床观察组织工程复合皮肤对烧伤整形后需植皮患者的供皮区缺损创面的有效性及安全性。方法:试验选取不同临床中心烧伤整形后需植皮患者,在供皮区部分创面作为试验区应用组织工程复合皮肤覆盖,邻近创面采用盐水纱布替代作为对照区,应用后按常规方法包扎固定。临床试验时间为6个月,治疗期间观察统计患者的创面反应,愈合时间及愈合情况;对组织工程复合皮肤改善创面愈合质量及安全性进行临床评估。根据创面试验组和对照组的创面愈合时间,应用SPSS统计软件对数据进行方差齐性检验,根据检验结果分别进行独立样本t或t’检验。结果:试验共收集有效病例19例。临床观察显示应用后试验区创面无明显免疫排斥及炎性反应,患者自述疼痛明显减轻,试验区创面愈合时间与对照区相比缩短8d,统计学分析有显著性差异。愈后随访部分患者试验区愈合质量好于对照区,应用后患者疼痛、瘢痕形成等不良反应明显减少。结论:结果表明组织工程复合皮肤作为活型皮肤替代物用于医源性皮肤缺损的修复,这为促进供皮区的创面愈合提供了切实可行的方法。