吉林省延吉盆地早白垩世被子植物化石

吉林省延吉盆地大拉子组的被子植物化石约有10种。它们具有早白垩世较原始被子植物的形态特征,和北美早白垩世波托马克群的Ⅰ-Ⅱ带的植物分子相同,并与蒙古早白垩世(Neocomian)植物群有些接近,而与苏联、葡萄牙等地的早白垩世(Albian)的被子植物差别甚大,故大拉子组的时代可暂归于 Aptian。植物组合特征说明在早白垩世中期,北半球的欧亚和北美植物区系具有更为密切的关系。并从植物组合及沉积特征分析了古环境。     

内蒙古二连盆地早白垩世巴彦花群被子植物花粉

内蒙古二连盆地早白垩世巴彦花群含有类型丰富、保存精美的被子植物花粉。本文利用光学显微镜观察和扫描电镜观察相结合的方法,对这些花粉类型进行了较详细的研究。研究结果表明,巴彦花群的被子植物花粉主要由属于金粟兰科的Hammenia和Singhipollis,悬铃木科/金缕梅科的Tricolpites以及亲缘关系不明的Polyporites组成。这一被子植物花粉组合面貌指示的地质时代为中晚阿尔必期(Albian)。据相关现生植物的地理分布及煤夹层的存在,推测在早白垩世晚期二连盆地处于湿润的亚热带气候环境中。     

黑龙江省鸡西城子河组被子植物化石层的孢粉研究

城子河组为黑龙江省鸡西盆地主要含煤岩组,在其顶部已发现迄今已知全球最早期的被子植物大化石,近来在该层又陆续发现多粒被子植物花粉,为研究被子植物的发生及早期演化提供了有力佐证。本文报道了被子植物化石层的被子植物花粉及与其伴生的丰富多样的蕨类植物孢子和裸子植物花粉,共３８属６１种,其中描述了５属５种,包括２新种,推断其时代为Ｂａｒｅｍｉａｎ期,并倾向于Ｂａｒｅｍｉａｎ早期。推测当时该地为以海金沙科等多种蕨类植物及松柏类植物为主,兼具早期被子植物的十分繁茂植物群,气候为湿润的亚热带型。     

世界上最早的被子植物化石在黑龙江发现

被子植物起源的时间和地点历来是植物学家和古植物学家十分关注的重大事件。以往的学者根据现代被子植物的原始类群集中在低纬度地区,被子植物化石发现于中纬度地区而推断被子植物起源于中、低纬度地带。但迄今低纬度发现的早期被子植物化石     

鸣螽科化石在西北地区的首次发现（直翅目）

根据产自新疆克拉玛依吐孢沟下侏罗统八道湾组的两块代表同一前翅的标本建立一新属新种Ｍｅｓｏｈａｇｌａ ｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。这是首次在我国西北地区发现的鸣螽科化石。     

陕甘宁盆地早白垩世一个异翅目昆虫化石的新属种

1982年笔者等在陕甘宁盆地西南部进行生物地层的研究,对盆地中的志丹群划分和时代存在的问题进行探索,为进一步确定地层时代、划分和对比问题提供生物学资料。 关于这个问题,历年来,尤其解放以后,不少地质队、石油队、科研和教学单位在此进行区域地质调查,含油层的普查勘探等等,对志丹群的层序划分和对比,进行了大量的工作,取得了重要的地质资料,为进一步进行上述工作奠定了基础。我们这次的野外地质工作,主要在泾川以南地区,除对已知的化石点进一步详细采集外,又发现了许多新的化石产地和层位,采集了介形虫、叶肢介、双壳、腹足、昆虫、鱼、植物、以及孢粉样品等     

被子植物果实和种子化石的获取和研究：介绍B.H.Tiffney的原理和方法

近年来繁殖器官化石的研究已成为国际被子植物化石研究领域的热门之一,其研究方法和技术经过多年的探索也已日趋成熟,美国古植物学家ＢｒｕｃｅＨ．Ｔｉｆｆｎｅｙ根据自己多年的研究积累并吸收同行的经验对获取和研究分散保存在岩石中的被子植物果实和种子化石的原理和方法进行了系统的总结和介绍（Ｔｉｆｆｎｅｙ,１９９）为方便国内同行门熟悉和运用这些方法对我国可能产出的繁殖器官化石进行研究,本文特将该文中涉及实验原理     

河南西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层中无脊椎动物化石的首次发现

河南省西南部西峡盆地以含有大量的恐龙蛋化石而著称。以往研究限于化石证据不足,使得对含恐龙蛋地层时代认识上存在较大分歧。本次研究在西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层中首次发现了无脊椎动物化石,如双壳类、叶肢介、腹足类和介形类。从而确定含化石层位的时代为晚白垩世中期。     

华南泥盆系法门阶浅海相四射珊瑚的组合序列

晚泥盆世弗拉期末F-F的生物灭绝事件,导致珊瑚以及许多浅海底栖生物灭绝,几乎整个法门期珊瑚群都处于残存阶段,华南地区目前只在湖南的个别地方发现少量的Smithiphyllum。直到法门期末珊瑚和其它一些造礁底栖生物开始复苏,出现了不少与典型泥盆纪珊瑚存在很大差别的新分子。华南泥盆纪最晚期(Strunian)的珊瑚可划分成上、下两个组合:上部Cystophrentis组合;下部Eocaninophyllum组合。泥盆—石炭纪之交的另一次生物灭绝事件,使新生的泥盆纪最晚期的珊瑚又遭灭绝。     

New bryozoans (Bryozoa) from the Upper Devonian (Lower Famennian) of the Kuznetsk Basin

New bryozoans from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of the borderlands of the Kuznetsk Coal Basin are described: Orthopora tomensis sp. nov. and Minussina incrustata sp. nov.     

New species of Antognathus (Conodonts) from the Famennian deposits of southern Kazakhstan

A new conodont species, Antognathus vjatsheslavi sp. nov., is described from the Famennian shallow-water carbonate deposits of the Bolshoi (Greater) Karatau Range in southern Kazakhstan.     

Biostratigraphical value of some Strunian (Devonian, uppermost Famennian) Productidina, Rhynchonellida, Spiriferida, Spiriferinida brachiopods

The space of Devonian time considered in this paper corresponds to the uppermost part of the Famennian or the latest Famennian as a fourfold subdivision of the stage, usually called by many authors Strunian in neritic facies and Wocklumeria Stufe or Wocklumian in pelagic facies. Here, we examine the biostratigraphical value of certain brachiopod genera and species as bio-markers of the uppermost Famennian throughout the world (Europe, the former USSR, Middle East, Asia, North America, North Africa, and Australia). We have focused our study for species which stratigraphical range has been firmly established in correlation with the conodont biozones (Upper expansa, Early, Middle and Late praesulcata), the ammonoid biozones (do VI = “Wocklumeria Stufe”), or the foraminifera biozones (kobeitusana Zone). Other data for which the stratigraphical range is not based on standard biozonation are provided in the annex. The brachiopod bio-markers discussed in this paper belong to 14 Productidina genera (Acanthatia, Araksalosia, Ericiata, Hamlingella, Mesoplica, Nigerinoplica, Orbinaria, Ovatia, Rugauris, Semiproductus, Sentosia, Spinocarinifera, Steinhagella, Whidbornella), 7 Rhynchonellida genera (Araratella, Centrorhynchus, Hadyrhyncha, Megalopterorhynchus, Novaplatirostrum, Rozmanaria, Tchanakhtchirostrum), 13 Spiriferida genera (Brachythyris, Cyrtospirifer, Dichospirifer, Eochoristites, Imbrexia, Parallelora, Prospira, Rigauxia, Sphenospira, Tenisia, Toryniferella, Tylothyris, Voiseyella) and one Spiriferinida genus (Syringothyris). Other orders have not been studied in this paper. The main features of the uppermost Famennian brachiopod taxa represented in this paper are commented. All these taxa are listed as completely as possible throughout the world (with complements in the annex). A quick summary of the geographic distribution of the more represented taxa is given in conclusion.     

Dinosaur Highways

A specimen of Calceola sandalina (Linne 1771) from the Givetian of the Czech Republic shows severe injury on its right side when observed from its cardinal side. Approximately one-half of the counter side is missing between the counter septum and the alar corallite angle. The injury is healed within the calice, as visible also on deformed septa close to injury, while the outer flat ventral side shows no signs of healing. The operculum is not preserved but the damage clearly must have affected it. It is difficult to envision how such damage might have occurred by abiotic means in a rather low-energy environment without the influx of grains larger than silt. We consider the injury a result of attack by a predator. When speculating on the animal capable of producing such injury, one must consider preferably a vertebrate with strong jaws: fish-like animals capable of durophagy (placoderms and chondrichthyans) appeared in the Devonian.     

Revision Of Late Devonian (Famennian) And Some Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Crinoids And Blastoids From The Type Devonian Area Of North Devon

The crinoids and blastoids from the Pilton (Beds) Formation of the type Devonian of north Devonshire are revised. These fossils were monographed by the Rev. G. F. Whidborne in 1898, but have not been studied since that time. Recent studies on various groups of fossils from the Pilton and related rocks in North Devon confirm that the great majority of these fossils are Famennian, although three specimens from Fremington are probably Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian). We identify four blastoid taxa from a fauna that is sparse and poorly preserved; two spiraculates, one fissiculate, and one taxon unidentifiable at the ordinal level. Mesoblastus cf. M. crenulatus from the Gattendorfia Zone (Lower Carboniferous) near Fremington is the oldest known representative of this genus. The crinoid fauna is somewhat more diverse, but the preservation is equally poor. No changes are made in the flexible crinoids. Among camerate crinoids, one species is reassigned to Eumorphocrinus and one is retained in Actinocrinites. Specimens of some crinoids, such as Rhodocrinites and Megistocrinus, are so poorly preserved that certain identification was not possible. The hexacrinoid Adelocrinus, relegated to uncertainty for 150 years, is here shown to be a valid genus that is very similar to Arthroacantha, but not synonymous with it. Among the cladid crinoids, the dominant groups are those within the Superfamily Scytalocrinacea, which includes Bridgerocrinus, Sostronocrinus, and Scytalocrinus, all of which are placed in the new family Sostronocrinidae. One new species, Glossocrinus whidbornei, is named. Non‐pinnulate cladids, common in older Devonian rocks, do not occur. The fauna shows considerable similarity with faunas from eastern North America and Germany. It shows less resemblance to the extensive Famennian crinoid and blastoid fauna of north‐western China, despite some remarkable congruencies, especially the occurrence of very similar species of Actinocrinites in these widely separated areas.