难辨认癣1例

36岁女性患者,右小腿丘疹红斑、脓疱、渗液伴瘙痒5个月。查体见:右小腿可见大小不等的丘疹红斑,伴有糜烂渗液。真菌荧光镜检:阳性,真菌培养:须癣毛癣菌,诊断:难辨认癣。口服伊曲康唑分散片0.1 g,2次/日,外用酮康唑乳膏2次/日,治疗2周后,皮损明显好转,治疗1个月后,右小腿皮肤基本恢复正常,目前随访中。     

母女共患须癣毛癣菌感染3例CSCD

病例1,女,9岁,头皮红斑、丘疹、脱屑,伴脓肿1个月,切开引流术后1 d;病例2,女,9岁,鼻背红斑2周伴脓疱3 d。病例3,女,38岁,面部红斑、脱屑,伴瘙痒1周。病例1、2为孪生姐妹,病例3为病例1、2的母亲。3例患者皮损经真菌镜检、培养及分子生物学测序均鉴定为须癣毛癣菌。病例1密切接触过流浪猫。病例1诊断为脓癣,经口服甲泼尼龙(美卓乐)片,口服伊曲康唑胶囊,外用酮康唑洗剂后病情明显好转。病例2、3诊断为面癣,外用卢立康唑4周后痊愈,未留瘢痕。以上病例目前仍在随访中。     

须癣毛癣菌致成人眉区脓癣1例

报告1例由须癣毛癣菌引起的眉毛区域脓癣。患者女性,46岁,左眉部周围红斑1个月。致病菌株经真菌学鉴定为须癣毛癣菌。给予盐酸特比萘芬250mg/d口服,硝酸舍他康唑软膏外用,治疗1个月后皮损完全愈合。     

疑似红斑狼疮的面部难辨认癣1例

报告1例面部难辨认癣 患者为21岁女性,农民,由于长期外用糖皮质激素软膏而使局部皮损不典型,当地医师怀疑为红斑狼疮建议到我院做全面检查。病损标本真菌镜检发现菌丝,培养分离出须癣毛癣菌。免疫学检查排除红斑狼疮。病理检查在角质层及毛囊周围发现真菌菌丝。内服特比萘芬3周治愈。     

面癣误诊1例

报道由须癣毛癣菌感染引起并被长期误诊的面癣1例。患者女,37岁,因"面部反复红斑、丘疹、水疱伴瘙痒半年"就诊。多次被误诊为单纯疱疹、脓疱疮、湿疹、皮肤感染、脂溢性皮炎及玫瑰痤疮等,先后应用抗病毒、抗感染和抗过敏治疗,皮损未能完全消退并逐渐扩大。再次就诊,真菌学直接镜检阳性,真菌培养为须癣毛癣菌。给予口服特比萘芬片、外用联苯苄唑乳膏治疗后痊愈。     

石膏样小孢子菌所致面部难辨认癣1例

报道1例由石膏样小孢子菌引起的面部难辨认癣。患者为青年女性,因右眼上眼睑及周围出现浸润性斑块2个月就诊。2个月前发疹部位有烫伤史。经真菌培养和病理检查确诊为“石膏样小孢子菌感染”。予伊曲康唑胶囊口服、外用特比萘芬乳膏1周后痊愈。     

须癣毛癣菌所致面部体癣继发癣菌疹1例

报道1例由须癣毛癣菌引起面部体癣后继发的癣菌疹。患者女,10岁,因右眶周红斑、鳞屑10 d就诊。鳞屑直接镜检查见菌丝,培养生长的菌落鉴定为须癣毛癣菌。内服特比萘芬、外用萘替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗8 d后面部及颈胸部出现片状红斑,考虑为癣菌疹,加服抗过敏、抗炎药物(左西替利嗪、复方甘草酸苷片)、外用卤米松/三氯生软膏14 d后皮损消退。     

误诊2年的左上臂难辨认体癣1例

报道1例由须癣毛癣菌引起的难辨认体癣。患者女,45岁,左臂伸侧多处红斑、丘疹伴脱屑、瘙痒2a余。曾多次就医诊断不明,患处皮损取活检做病理检查倾向于＂银屑病＂但疗效不佳。刮取皮屑镜检见真菌菌丝,小培养见葡萄串状小分生孢子及螺旋菌丝,尿素酶试验阳性,毛发穿孔试验阳性,鉴定为须癣毛癣菌。经内服特比萘芬和外用萘替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗28d后皮损消退,复查真菌阴性。     

须癣合并面颈部体癣1例

患者男,57岁。面部红斑、丘疹、唇部脓疱灼痛2个月余。曾口服和外用多种中药治疗无效且呈加重趋势。取皮屑、胡须镜检见大量真菌菌丝,培养见棒状分隔大分生孢子、葡萄串状小分生孢子。尿素酶实验阳性、毛发穿孔实验阳性,鉴定为须癣毛癣菌。经内服伊曲康唑胶囊和外用盐酸布替萘芬乳膏治疗10 d后病情好转,2个月后皮损消退。复查真菌阴性。     

被误诊为环状肉芽肿的石膏样小孢子菌引起体癣1例

报告1例被误诊为环状肉芽肿的由石膏样小孢子菌引起的体癣。患者女,60岁,左腕部红斑2个月。外院曾诊断为"环状肉芽肿"治疗不佳,经真菌学检查确诊为石膏样小孢子菌导致的体癣。给予伊曲康唑200 mg/d,共1周,硝酸舍他康唑软膏外用,治疗1周后皮损痊愈。     

转化医学真菌学实例——直接提取DNA鉴定菌种及体外药敏试验指导诊治面部难辨认癣

目的报道1例由万博节皮菌(趾间毛癣菌有性期)所致面部难辨认癣,取皮损鳞屑直接提取真菌DNA做菌种鉴定,并与真菌培养鉴定结果比较,对培养的菌落直接用抗真菌乳膏做药敏实验指导治疗。方法病变部鳞屑经KOH涂片真菌镜检阳性后,取鳞屑直接提取DNA,以真菌通用引物ITS1/4做PCR扩增后测序;同时从培养生长的菌提取DNA做分子生物学鉴定;并将抗真菌乳膏加入含菌平板孔中观察抑菌圈大小。结果鳞屑直接提取的DNA与培养获得菌落提取的DNA经PCR-测序均鉴定为万博节皮菌,诊断万博节皮菌感染所致面部难辨认癣。镜检阳性后即给予特比萘芬口服(250mg/d)及1%萘替芬-0.25%酮康唑乳膏外用,每周复诊并取鳞屑镜检和培养,基于药物抑菌实验结果指导治疗5周,至临床治愈和真菌培养转阴。结论鳞屑直接提取DNA做PCR-测序能及早明确菌种,待培养菌落长出后做PCR-测序验证,直接用成品抗真菌乳膏做体外药敏实验指导临床选药,动态培养鳞屑以确定疗程。此个体化诊治方案为从临床到实验室、从实验室到临床转化医学真菌学的成功实例。     

硝酸舍他康唑乳膏每日1次疗法治疗股癣疗效观察

目的 观察舍他康唑乳膏1次/d疗法治疗股癣的效果与安全性.方法 将参与试验的股癣患者随机分组,试验组每晚1次外用舍他康唑乳膏,对照组早晚各1次外用舍他康唑乳膏,连续用药4周,于治疗前、用药2周、4周及停药后2周分别进行症状和体征评分.结果 治疗结束和停药2周时,两组的临床疗效无显著差异(P＞0.05).治疗2周时试验组和对照组的真菌清除率分别为82.6％和92.5％,有显著差异(P＜0.05);治疗结束和停药2周时试验组的真菌清除率分别为95.9％和97.3％,对照组分别为96.4％和98.6％,均无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 舍他康唑乳膏1次/d疗法治疗股癣疗效好,简便易行,安全性高.     

美浮特皮肤抗菌液治疗足癣开放多中心临床观察

目的观察美浮特皮肤抗菌液在治疗足癣的临床疗效及安全性。方法采用开放、多中心方法。5家中心共计入组126例足癣患者。64例趾间糜烂型足癣患者一次性使用美浮特皮肤抗菌液浸足2h;62例鳞屑角化型患者使用2次,每次2h,使用间隔7d。分别于基线（V0）,1周（V1）,2周（V2）,3周（V3）记录症状和体征总积分（TotalSymptomScore,TSS）变化率以及真菌镜检、培养转阴情况来评价综合疗效、临床疗效和真菌学疗效。结果V3时,总真菌学清除率为92．86％。4个访视点总TSS评分分别为10．12±3．25,4．95±2．72,2．63±1．99和1．24±1．53,呈逐步下降趋势,治疗前后TSS差异有统计学意义（t=30．87,P〈0．005）。痊愈51例（40．48％）,显效64例（50．79％）,进步11例（8．73％）,总体有效率为91．27％。共发生疼痛20例次,瘙痒5例次,水肿2例次,烧灼感1例次,未经任何处理,以上不良反应均可自行缓解。结论美浮特皮肤抗菌液治疗足癣有效,安全性好。     

石膏样小孢子菌致婴儿额部体癣1例

报道1例由石膏样小孢子菌引起的婴儿额部体癣。患者男性,出生半月,左额部红斑丘疹水疱7 d。经真菌学检查确诊为石膏样小孢子菌导致的体癣。给予硝酸舍他康唑软膏外用,1周后皮损完全愈合。     

特比萘芬治疗顽固性手、足癣的临床疗效及安全性评价

目的评价特比萘芬治疗顽固性手、足癣的临床疗效及安全性。方法将120例患者随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组口服特比萘芬250mg,1次/d,联合外用特比萘芬乳膏,2次/d,连续3周;对照组患者仅外用特比萘芬乳膏2次/d,连续3周。停药2周后评价最终疗效和不良反应,停药4周后观察复发率。结果停药2周后,实验组患者的临床有效率为95%,真菌学清除率为95%,不良反应发生率为5%（主要为胃肠道反应）;对照组患者的临床有效率为40%,真菌学清除率为75%。停药4周后,实验组患者未见复发,对照组患者复发率为20%。结论口服特比萘芬联合外用特比萘芬乳膏治疗顽固性手、足癣是安全、有效的。     

石膏样小孢子菌所致幼儿面部感染1例

报道1例由石膏样小孢子菌引起的面部体癣.患儿为2岁半幼女,因外伤后左面颊部出现浸润性红色斑块2个月就诊.初诊时考虑为孢子丝菌病,给予碘化钾内服1周无效.皮损在外用曲安奈德益康唑乳膏(派瑞松)2周后治愈.痂壳在接种沙堡弱培养基后20d后长出菌落,鉴定为石膏样小孢子菌.     

Twice weekly fluticasone propionate added to emollient maintenance treatment to reduce risk of relapse in atopic dermatitis: randomised,double blind,parallel group study

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate, cream and ointment, applied twice weekly in addition to maintenance treatment with emollients, in reducing the risk of relapse of chronic recurrent atopic dermatitis.Design Randomised, double blind, parallel group study of 20 weeks'' duration.Setting Dermatology outpatient clinics (6 countries, 39 centres).Participants Adult (aged 12-65) patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis who were experiencing a flare.Methods Participants applied fluticasone propionate (0.05% cream or 0.005% ointment; once or twice daily) regularly for four weeks to stabilise their condition. The patients whose disease was brought under control then continued into a 16 week maintenance phase, applying emollient on a daily basis with a bath oil as needed and either the same formulation of fluticasone propionate or its placebo base (emollient alone) twice weekly to the areas that were usually affected.Main outcome measure Time to relapse of atopic dermatitis during maintenance phase.Results 376 patients entered the stabilisation phase, and 295 continued into the maintenance phase. After 16 weeks in the maintenance phase, the disease remained under control in 133 patients (87 using fluticasone propionate twice weekly, 46 using emollient alone), 135 (40 fluticasone propionate, 95 emollient) had experienced a relapse, and 27 had discontinued. Median time to relapse was six weeks for emollient alone compared with more than 16 weeks for additional fluticasone propionate. Patients who applied fluticasone propionate cream twice weekly were 5.8 times less likely (95% confidence interval 3.1 to 10.8, P < 0.001) and patients using fluticasone propionate ointment 1.9 times less likely (1.2 to 3.2, P=0.010) to have a relapse than patients applying emollient alone. The groups showed no differences in adverse events.Conclusion After atopic dermatitis had been stabilised the addition of fluticasone propionate twice weekly to maintenance treatment with emollients significantly reduced the risk of relapse.