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1.
目的 比较米非司酮25mg和10mg用于紧急避孕的有效性、副反应、对月经周期的影响。方法 采用双盲随机比较试验方法,共接纳合格妇女200例1次无防护性交72小时内随机进入第一组和第二组,第一组一次性口服米非司酮25mg和安慰剂1片;第二组一次性口服米非司酮10mg。随访至月经来潮,了解避孕效果、副反应、月经周期的变化。结果两组分别有2例和1例妊娠,失败率分别为2%和1%,避孕有效率分别为82.21%和90.18%,p>0.05,无统计学意义;副反应很轻微,发生率很低;服药时间对月经周期有影响;两种药量对月经周期没影响。结论 小剂量米非司酮25mg和10mg用于紧急避孕同样有效,并且效果良好。  相似文献   

2.
米非司酮治疗围绝经期功能失调性子宫出血的临床观察   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的:观察诊断性刮宫术后加用米非司酮治疗围绝经期功能失调性子宫出血(功血)的临床效果。方法:将32例确诊为围绝经期功血的患者。口服米非司酮10mg,1次/天,连服3个月。观察月经情况、子宫大小、内膜厚度,激素水平。结果:所有患者用药期间均出现闭经,其中10例直接进入绝经期.余22例停药32-72天恢复月经,其中8例月经稀发、量少;5例于停药3,15个月绝经,恢复月经者中有1例于停药15个月复发,改行宫腔镜子宫内膜切割术。结论:米非司酮治疗围绝经期功血有效,复发率低.副反应小。是目前比较理想的药物治疗方案。  相似文献   

3.
摘要目的:探讨氨氯地平联合依那普利治疗原发性高血压的临床效果,观察联合用药对左心室肥厚的影响。方法:选择本院收治的原发性高血压患者92例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各46例,对照组给予苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平5mg,1次/d,口服;观察组在对照组基础上加用马来酸依那普利10mg,2次/d,口服,疗程均为24周。观察两组治疗前后血压变化,应用超声心动图测量两组左心室厚度变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率为91_3%;对照组总有效率为73.9%,观察组总有效率高于对照组(P〈0.05)。治疗前两组心率、血压比较无统计学差异(P〉0.05),治疗后两组血压均明显降低,观察组收缩压、舒张压明显低于对照组(P〈O.05);观察组心率明显低于对照组(P〈0.01)。治疗前两组左心室舒张末期室间隔厚度(Leaventricularend—diastolicventricularseptalthickness,IVST)、左心室后壁厚度(1eftventricularposteriorwallthickness,U,PwT)和左室射血分数(Leftventricularejectionfxaction,LVEF)比较无统计学差异(P〉0.05);治疗后观察组IVST、L、,PwT明显低于对照组,LVEF明显高于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论:氨氯地平联合依那普利治疗原发性高血压能有效扭转左心室肥厚,降压效果较单独应用氨氯地平更佳。  相似文献   

4.
目的 研究口服双氢可待因/醋氨酚复方片在流产术中的止痛效果。方法:选择孕6-12周无人工流产禁忌症的孕妇300例,随机分两组;观察组与对照组各150例,观察组术前0.5-1小时口服两片路盖克,对照组不服药,两组均于流产术中扩宫前以棉签蘸2%利多卡因1ml,插入子宫颈管内2CM左右,3-5分钟后手术。结果:观察组与对照组镇痛效果比较;观察组有效率为92.7%。对照组为65.3%;两组人工流产综合征发生率比较;观察组为2%,对照组为8%;两组出血情况比较无显著差别;结论:口服双氢可待因/醋氨酚复方片用于人工流产,镇痛效果明显优于对照组,是一种安全方便的人工流产止痛方法。  相似文献   

5.
摘要目的:观察苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片联合脂必泰胶囊治疗糖尿病合并冠心病痰瘀交阻证的临床疗效。方法:120例糖尿病性冠心病痰瘀交阻证患者随机分为两组,均给与注射胰岛素控制血糖。对照组(n=60)给与阿托伐他汀10mg,每日1次口服。治疗组(n=60)给与苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片5mg,每天1次口服;脂必泰胶囊1粒,每天2次口服。两组均治疗3个月。分析比较治疗前后空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)等指标,心电图(ECG),并记录中医症状积分。结果:治疗组总有效率86.67%,对照组总有效率51.67%,两组相比较,差异有显著性(P〈0.01)。两组空腹血糖(VBO)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、甘油三酯(TO)等指标治疗后与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05或P〈0.01)。治疗后治疗组总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL.C)与对照组相比较,变化显著(P〈0.05)。治疗组中医症状积分下降较对照组明显(P〈O.05或P〈0.01)。结论:苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片联合脂必泰胶囊治疗糖尿病性冠心病痰瘀交阻证疗效确切。  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨系统护理干预措施对老年急性脑梗死患者康复情况的影响。方法:将84例脑梗塞患者随机分为观察组(n=37)与对照组(n=37),对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组给予综合护理干预,分析比较两组病例采用不同的训练及护理方法患者症状的缓解情况。结果:观察组的总体有效率为95.23%(40/42),明显高于对照组的76.19%(32/42),两组有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。观察组护理后的Nmss评分为5.63±3.82,明显低于对照组的8.61±4.75,两组NIHss评分比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。观察组护理后的ADL评分为50.62±15.37,明显高于对照组的33.85±12.16,两组ADL评分比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0,05)。结论:脑梗死患者给予系统护理干预措施,有助于改善脑梗死患者的预后,提高其生活质量。  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊对化疗相关性腹泻患者肠黏膜屏障功能的保护作用。方法选取78例化疗相关性腹泻患者,采用随机数字表将患者分为观察组(n=39例)和对照组(n=39例)。两组患者均常规予以补液,维持水电解质平衡及口服思密达3g,3次/d。观察组患者在此基础上加用双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊420mg,3次/d。对照组除不使用双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊外余治疗同观察组。观察两组患者治疗前和治疗3d后血清内毒素和和D-乳酸水平的变化,并比较其临床效果。结果治疗3d后,两组患者内毒素和和D-乳酸水平均有明显下降(P〈0.05或P〈0.01),且观察组下降值明显大于对照组(P〈0.05);同时观察组患者临床总有效率为92.31%,明显优于对照组的74.36%(x^2=4.52,P〈0.05)。结论双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗化疗相关性腹泻具有较好的临床效果,其作用机制可能是通过降低血清内毒素和D-乳酸水平,保护和改善改善肠黏膜屏障功能,从而恢复患者的肠功能。  相似文献   

8.
陈亚平  唐军  韩娟  向小燕  王兴治 《生物磁学》2013,(34):6741-6744
目的:探讨急诊快捷护理流程对急性脑卒中的临床效果,为改善患者预后提供有效措施。方法:回顾性分析2007年6月-2011年6月我院收治的319例急性脑卒中患者的临床资料,按照其就诊时期分为对照组(n=166)及观察组(n=153),对比两组患者的急诊效果。结果:观察组接诊至确诊时间、确诊至接受专科治疗时间均显著低于对照组(P〈0.05),两组抢救费用无明显统计学差异(P〉0.05);观察组致残19例,病死7例,致残、致死率分别为12.4%及4.6%,对照组致残35例,病死13例,致残、致死率分别为21.1%及7.8%,观察组致残、致死率均低于对照组(P〈0.05);观察组共出现30例并发症,并发症率19.6%,对照组出现55例并发症,并发症率33.1%,观察组并发症率明显低于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论:急诊快捷护理流程可有效缩短急诊各环节消耗的时间,使患者得到最准确、最及时的干预、治疗,能够有效保证其治疗效果,从而保证其顸后,提高急救效率,值得临床广泛推广。  相似文献   

9.
目的:观察硝酸异山梨酯片联合美托洛尔治疗老年冠心病心绞痛的临床效果,观察联合用药对患者血浆白介素.18(Inter.1eukin,IL-18)、超敏C反应蛋白(HighsensitivityCreactiveprotein,hs—CRP)的影响。方法:选择本院收治的老年冠心病心绞痛患者84例,随机分为研究组和对照组,各42例,研究组给予硝酸异山梨酯片20mg,3次/d,口服,美托洛尔12.5mg,1次/d,口服;对照组仅给予硝酸异山梨酯片20mg,3次/d,口服,疗程均为28d。观察两组用药后心绞痛改善情况,并观察两组治疗前后血清IL-8、hs-CRP变化。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率为90.5%;对照组总有效率为69.0%,研究组总有效率明显高于对照组(P〈0.01)。治疗后两组心率、心绞痛发作频率明显降低,持续时间明显缩短(P〈0.05);研究组心率、心绞痛发作频率明显低于对照组,持续时间也较对照组短(P〈0.05)。治疗前两组血浆IL-18、hs-CRP水平比较无统计学差异(P〉0.05);治疗后研究组IL.18、hs.CRP水平明显低于对照组(P〈O.05)。结论:硝酸异山梨酯片联合美托洛尔治疗老年冠心病心绞痛能够进一步减轻患者IL.18、hs.CRP水平,对心绞痛治疗效果较单独应用酸异山梨酯片更佳。  相似文献   

10.
目的:通过临床观察比较,探讨新式剖宫产在临床上的应用。方法:随机选择孕妇120例,分为改良组(即新式剖宫产)(n=60)和对照组(即腹壁纵切口剖宫产)(n=60),观察两组的手术时间,术中出血、术后病率、术后镇痛药物的使用,排气时间以及住院天数等。结果:两组的术后病率无统计学差异(P〉0.05),而改良组的手术时间,术中出血量,术后镇痛药物的使用。排气时间以及住院天数较对照组短(P〈0.05),有显著性差异。结论:新式剖宫产操作简单,手术时间短,术中出血少,术后疼痛轻,恢复快,住院时间短。取得较好的手术效果。  相似文献   

11.
von Hertzen H  Piaggio G 《Steroids》2003,68(10-13):1107-1113
Research on new technologies by the Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction at WHO has led to the development of two new methods for emergency contraception, the levonorgestrel regimen and a low-dose mifepristone regimen. In 4 years, the levonorgestrel regimen has already been approved in some 95 countries. We review this research and present combined data from our multinational trials and combined estimates of efficacy for mifepristone and for levonorgestrel separately. Data were available for 6283 women in 10 mg mifepristone groups and 4098 women in levonorgestrel groups. One of these studies compared the two methods, namely a randomized, double-blind trial in which we also investigated a single dose of 1.5 mg of levonorgestrel. Both levonorgestrel and mifepristone are effective for emergency contraception and prevent a high percentage of pregnancies when used within a few days after coitus. Mifepristone is associated with later return of menses compared to levonorgestrel.  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE--To compare the effectiveness and acceptability of three regimens of postcoital contraception. DESIGN--Randomised group comparison of ethinyloestradiol 100 micrograms plus levonorgestrel 500 micrograms repeated after 12 hours (Yuzpe method); danazol 600 mg repeated after 12 hours; and mifepristone 600 mg single dose. SETTING--Community family planning clinic. SUBJECTS--616 consecutive women with regular cycles aged 16 to 45 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Number of pregnancies, incidence of side effects, and timing of next period. RESULTS--The raw pregnancy rates (with 95% confidence intervals) for the Yuzpe, danazol, and mifepristone groups were 2.62% (0.86% to 6.00%), 4.66% (2.15% to 8.67%), and 0% (0% to 1.87%) respectively. Overall, these rates differed significantly (chi 2 = 8.988, df = 2; p = 0.011). The differences between the mifepristone and Yuzpe groups and between the mifepristone and danazol groups were also significant. Side effects were more common and more severe in the Yuzpe group (133 women (70%)) than in either the danazol group (58 (30%)) or the mifepristone group (72 (37%)). The Yuzpe regimen tended to induce bleeding early but mifepristone prolonged the cycle. Three women bled more than seven days late in the Yuzpe group compared with 49 in the mifepristone group. CONCLUSIONS--Mifepristone was effective in reducing expected pregnancy rates and the Yuzpe method also had a clinical effect. Danazol had little or no effect. A further multicentre trial is needed.  相似文献   

13.
The effects of levonorgestrel treatment (4 micrograms/day per kg body weight 0.75 for 18 days) on rate-limiting enzymes of hepatic triacylglycerol synthesis, namely glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and phosphatidic acid phosphatase were investigated in microsomal, mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions of rat liver. Levonorgestrel treatment resulted in a significant reduction (26%) of hepatic microsomal glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase specific activity. Hepatic mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase specific activity was unchanged. Levonorgestrel treatment also significantly reduced (by 20%) the specific activity of hepatic microsomal magnesium-independent phosphatidic acid phosphatase. However, magnesium-dependent phosphatic acid phosphatase specific activities in microsomal and cytosolic fractions were unaffected. Cytosolic magnesium-independent phosphatidic acid phosphatase activity was also unchanged. These studies are consistent with the view that levonorgestrel lowers serum triacylglycerol levels, at least in part, by inhibition of the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.15) step in hepatic triacylglycerol synthesis.  相似文献   

14.
Termination of early pregnancy, by vaginal administration of prostaglandin analogues, one to three weeks after the first missed menstrual period, has advantages and disadvantages in comparison with vacuum aspiration. Some of these may be reduced if the patient is treated earlier. In the present study the effect and safety of one vaginal administration of 2.5 to 3 mg 15-methyl-PGF2 alpha methyl ester around the expected time of menstruation was evaluated in 16 women exposed to the risk of pregnancy. The overall number of treatment cycles was 35 and pregnancy was confirmed by plasma beta-HCG in eight. The treatment resulted in bleeding in all the pregnant cycles while in the nonpregnant ones it only provoked spotting and bleeding did not begin until the expected time of menstruation. Treatment with 2.5 mg 15-methyl-PGF2 alpha methyl ester resulted in complete abortion in one of three women. If the dose was increased to 3 mg all five treated women aborted. In nonpregnant patients no changes in the levels of estradiol-17 beta or progesterone at any time during the 24-hour observation period were found. Serum cortisol and prolactin but not TSH levels started to increase two hours after the start of treatment and reached a maximum after five hours. The increase coincided with the onset of uterine pain. Ovulatory cycles as judged from basal body temperature occurred in the first menstrual cycle following treatment in all nonpregnant patients. Although possible to use as a "once a month treatment" it seems preferable since the dose is the same, to postpone treatment until menstruation is delayed for a week or more.  相似文献   

15.
米菲司酮不同剂量治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的观察米菲司酮不同给药剂量治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法将子宫肌瘤患者分成两组,A组25例,每天服用米菲司酮25mg,B组21例,每天服用米菲司酮10mg,均从月经第一天开始服用,连续三个月。治疗期间每月复查肝、肾功能,治疗开始和结束分别测量子宫和子宫肌瘤的体积和内膜厚度。结果A组肌瘤体积缩小了42.58%(P<0.01),B组肌瘤缩小了41.55%(P<0.01),两者之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。而两组的药物副作用也无显著差别。结论每日口服米菲司酮10mg可以有效的缩小子宫肌瘤,副作用小。  相似文献   

16.
Termination of early pregnancy, by vaginal administration of prostaglandin analogues, one to three weeks after the first missed menstrual period, has advantages and disadvantages in comparison with vacuum aspiration. Some of these may be reduced if the patient is treated earlier. In the present study the effect and safety of one vaginal administration of 2.5 to 3 mg 15-methyl-PGF methyl ester around the expected time of menstruation was evaluated in 16 women exposed to the risk of pregnancy.The overall number of treatment cycles was 35 and pregnancy was confirmed by plasma β-HCG in eight. The treatment resulted in bleeding in all the pregnant cycles while in the nonpregnant ones it only provoked spotting and bleeding did not begin until the expected time of menstruation. Treatment with 2.5 mg 15-methyl-PGF methyl ester resulted in complete abortion in one of three women. If the dose was increased to 3 mg all five treated women aborted. In nonpregnant patients no changes in the levels of estradiol-17β or progesterone at any time during the 24-hour observation period were found. Serum cortisol and prolactin but not TSH levels started to increase two hours after the start of treatment and reached a maximum after five hours. The increase coincided with the onset of uterine pain.Ovulatory cycles as judged from basal body temperature occurred in the first menstrual cycle following treatment in all nonpregnant patients. Although possible to use as a “once a month treatment” it seems preferable since the dose is the same, to postpone treatment until menstruation is delayed for a week or more.  相似文献   

17.
Cimetidine in the daily dose of 1,000 mg was administered orally to menopausal women (group I) with peptic ulcer. The group II (n = 25) was given cimetidine (1,000 mg/24 hours) with stilboestrol in the daily dose of 1 mg. Healing of the ulcers was seen in 16 women of group I (72.7%) and in 23 women of group II (92.0%; p less than 0.05) following a 6-week treatment.  相似文献   

18.
Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are a popular contraception method. Currently, lower-dose ethinyl estradiol formulations are most commonly prescribed, although they have been linked to increased arterial vascular risk. The aim of this study was to investigate endothelial function in healthy young women using lower-dose ethinyl estradiol OCPs. We examined flow-mediated, endothelium-dependent and nitroglycerin-mediated, endothelium-independent vasodilation of the brachial artery, comparing two doses of ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel OCPs in 15 healthy young women on two study days: once during the active phase and once during the placebo phase of an OCP cycle. Group low dose (LD) (n=7) active pills contained 150 microg levonorgestrel/30 microg ethinyl estradiol versus Group very low dose (VLD) (n=8) with 100 microg levonorgestrel/20 microg ethinyl estradiol. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was lower during the active phase in Group VLD (5.33 +/- 1.77% vs. 7.23 +/- 2.60%; P=0.024). This phase difference was not observed in Group LD (8.00 +/- 0.970% vs. 7.61 +/- 1.07%; P=0.647). Endothelium-independent vasodilation did not differ between phases in either group. Finally, we measured endothelium-dependent vasodilation in two additional women who received 10 microg of unopposed ethinyl estradiol. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was increased by unopposed ethinyl estradiol compared with the placebo phase (10.88 +/- 2.34% vs. 6.97 +/- 1.83%). These results suggest that levonorgestrel may antagonize the activity of ethinyl estradiol. Thus both the progestin type and estradiol dose need to be considered when assessing arterial vascular risk of OCP use in women.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of these studies was to achieve desired bioavailability after pulmonary administration of Levonorgestrel (LN) and to provide prolonged effective concentration of the drug in plasma and to reduce reported side effects of orally administered drug. The plain drug suspension, physical mixture (plain drug with liposomal constituents), and drug-encapsulated liposomes containing 10 μg of drug were instilled intratracheally in rats. Similarly, 10-μg drug suspension (LO) was administered orally. The blood samples were withdrawn at specific time intervals and were subjected to LN analysis by spectrofluorimetric technique. The plasma drug concentration data of both the treatments were plotted, and pharmacokinetics data were calculated and compared with that of oral administration. Percentage relative bioavailability (F*) of 97.6% 98.6%, and 109.9% were observed after pulmonary administration of plain drug formulation (LP1), physical mixture (plain drug along with constituents of liposomes [LP2], and liposomal (LP3) formulations of the drug, respectively. Following oral administration, Cmax of 14.4±0.6 ng/mL was observed at 2.1±0.2 hours followed by subtherapeutic concentration beyond 30±0.2 hours, while after pulmonary administration of LP1, LP2, and LP3 formulations, Cmax of 4.4±0.4 ng/mL, 4.2±0.5 ng/mL, and 4.4±0.6 ng/ML were observed at 6.0±0.2 hours, 7.0±0.2 hours, and 6.8±0.2 hours, respectively, followed by maintenance of effective plasma drug concentration up to 60±2 hours. These studies demonstrate superiority of pulmonary drug delivery with regards to maintenance of effective therapeutic concentration of the LN in the plasma over a period of 6 to 60 hours. Hence, the pulmonary delivery is expected to reduce frequency of dosing and systemic side effects associated with oral administration of LN.  相似文献   

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