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1.
鞭角华扁叶蜂幼虫期的呼吸代谢   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
报道了鞭角华扁叶蜂Chinolyda flagellicornis幼虫不同发育时期的耗氧量.试验表明,鞭角华扁叶蜂的耗氧量随着幼虫的生长发育而增加,在同一龄期内,耗氧量与虫体鲜重呈2次曲线相关;在不同的龄期之间,耗氧量则与虫体鲜重的0.8299次方成正比.在同一龄期内,幼虫的代谢速率呈抛物线状;在整个幼虫期随着龄期的增加而呈下降趋势.  相似文献   

2.
采用现代分析技术手段对鞭角华扁叶蜂Chinolydaflagellicornis(F.Smith)幼虫的主要营养成分进行分析,结果表明其鲜虫浆的蛋白质、氨基酸、粗脂肪、糖类及灰分含量分别为17.1%,13.5%,6.7%,1.0%和1.5%,胆固醇含量为0.3mg/g;含有7种人体必需氨基酸,其必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的43.0%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为75.3%,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,即蛋氨酸和胱氨酸;同时,其不饱和脂肪酸与必需脂肪酸分别占总脂肪的61.3%和24.3%,特别是油酸和亚麻酸含量较高,分别达37.0%和18.4%;此外,还含有K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn等多种矿物质和微量元素。最后在分析其营养价值的基础上,对鞭角华扁叶蜂幼虫的开发利用价值进行了评价。  相似文献   

3.
牟文彬  何清华 《昆虫知识》1998,35(4):231-232
鞭角华扁叶蜂Chinolydaflagellicornis(F.Smith)是危害柏木的主要害虫,近年来在长江沿岸柏木防护林区发生严重,造成灾害。为了解该虫的种群动态规律及影响虫口数量变动的致死原因,并为该虫的预测预报提供资料,笔者于1995~1996年在忠县、云阳两县对鞭角华扁叶蜂自然种群进行了观察,现将结果整理于后。1生命表的研制过程1.1生命表观察虫期的划分[1]:根据鞭角华扁鞭角华扁叶蜂平均生命表叶蜂的发育进度和生活习性,将整个世代划分为卵期,1、2、3、4~6龄幼虫期,预蛹期,蛹期和成虫期共8个发育阶段。l.2观察方法。于1995—1996…  相似文献   

4.
植物挥发物(Volatile organic compounds;VOCs)在植物抵御害虫侵袭的过程中具有重要作用。本研究以重庆市云阳县长江林场人工林中健康和受害柏木为研究对象,通过VOCs测定分析发现鞭角华扁叶蜂虫害发生之前,两种柏木共计有37种VOCs成分,主要为萜类化合物,其次为醇、酯、醛、烷烃等类化合物;其中健康柏木特有驱赶作用的2-莰醇(龙脑),受害柏木特有吸引作用的顺式-2-癸烯醛,其余35种为共有成分;各成分浓度在两种柏木中存在较大差异。虫害发生之后,两种柏木共计有32种VOCs成分,而2-莰醇、顺式-2-癸烯醛、薄荷醇、臭樟脑和α-石竹烯等5种成分消失;许多成分的浓度变化趋势与虫害发生前的相反。结果表明健康与受害柏木VOCs释放的差异可能是柏木能否抵御鞭角华扁叶蜂侵害的主要防御机制之一,这将为优良抗虫柏木选育提供理论依据和参考指标。  相似文献   

5.
鞭角华扁叶蜂蜕皮甾类激素滴度的变化   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王满囷  李周直 《昆虫学报》2002,45(5):593-596
用放射免疫分析法测定了鞭角华扁叶蜂Chinolyda flagellicornis末龄幼虫及滞育预蛹血淋巴中蜕皮甾类激素滴度。结果表明,末龄幼虫血淋巴中蜕皮甾类激素滴度在第2和4天各有一高峰;滞育预蛹血淋巴中保持一定滴度的蜕皮甾类激素,并随发育时期的不同有所波动;预蛹化蛹前一周血淋巴中蜕皮甾类激素滴度存在两个与变态相对应的峰值。表明鞭角华扁叶蜂的滞育与蜕皮甾类激素相关。  相似文献   

6.
该研究在野外获得了鞭角华扁叶蜂虫卵数与生境因子海拔、胸径、树高、海拔、冠幅坡向的数据;内业利用Matlab7软件分别建立了鞭角华扁叶蜂虫卵数的全变量模型、逐步回归模型和主成分模型,三模型的复相关系数R~2分别为0.9204,0.91841和0.9289,均方误差RMSE分别为322.4069,331.7300和310.9550,从两个系数看,得出一致结论以主成分法拟合最佳.逐步回归模型只采用了两个因子即树高和冠幅,主成分法采用了前三个主成分量,其信息量达93.6359%,可代表原特征变量的大部分信息.  相似文献   

7.
【背景】用于餐厨垃圾等有机废弃物处理的亮斑扁角水虻(Hermetia illucens, HI)含有丰富的氨基酸和营养物质,是一种优质、经济的蛋白来源。【目的】利用亮斑扁角水虻幼虫(Hermetia illucens larvae, HIL)制备蛋白胨用于细菌培养,为亮斑扁角水虻的应用方式提供新的思路。【方法】以亮斑扁角水虻幼虫为原料,利用单因素试验确定最佳酶解条件,对比分析HIL蛋白胨和市售胰蛋白胨的基本性质和功能性状,并进行细菌培养、生物化学试验,利用两种蛋白胨分别培养大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) ATCC 25922模式细菌并通过生长动力学分析评价应用效果。【结果】制备HIL蛋白胨的最佳酶解工艺为按1.3%(质量分数)添加复合酶(胰酶:碱性蛋白酶质量比为1:1),在pH 7.0、54℃条件下反应4 h,此时HIL的水解度为(19.34±0.15)%。HIL蛋白胨和市售胰蛋白胨的功能性状和生物化学试验差异不显著(P>0.05)。大肠杆菌ATCC25922在HIL蛋白胨培养基中生长的Xmax和λ分别为6.44和2.45,在市售胰蛋白胨生长的...  相似文献   

8.
涂岩  张良慧 《昆虫知识》2003,40(5):474-475
介绍了一种能测定陆生昆虫的呼吸代谢的简易装置 ,从而间接地推算出动物的能量代谢。  相似文献   

9.
为了解决养牛业中粪便污染问题,本研究利用亮斑扁角水虻(黑水虻)来转化利用牛粪,探讨了饲养密度对新鲜牛粪的转化效率。本试验以亮斑扁角水虻为研究对象,选择设置每20.0 kg牛粪投入3500头、8750头、17500头4日龄幼虫3个处理密度,在每个密度日均1.0 kg等量饲喂条件下,分析亮斑扁角水虻幼虫百虫重、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、牛粪转化率指标的差异,探索一种适于亮斑扁角水虻幼虫处理新鲜牛粪的饲养密度。结果表明:百虫重、粗蛋白、粗脂肪3个指标在3组处理之间都存在极显著差异。百虫重和粗脂肪两个指标和试验组密度情况在0.01的水平上显著负相关,但3个处理中转化率最高的为8750头的饲养密度。综合评价认为亮斑扁角水虻4日龄幼虫8750头/20.0 kg牛粪的投入量为实验范围内最佳饲养密度。  相似文献   

10.
顾永征  李学珍  牛长缨 《生态学报》2010,30(24):6828-6834
神农宫扁角菌蚊是首次发现并命名的洞穴昆虫新种,在洞穴内1a发生1代,幼虫期长达8-10个月。以神农宫扁角菌蚊为对象,系统研究了其幼虫种群在洞穴中的空间分布、季节分布及其与环境因子的相关性。分别采用了扩散系数(C值)法、K值法、平均拥挤度法、Iwao M*=α+βX回归模型分析法四种方法研究幼虫种群的空间分布,结果表明神农宫扁角菌蚊幼虫种群在洞穴中呈现典型的空间聚集分布。幼虫数量季节变化动态表现为春季幼虫数量明显高于其它季节,夏季5-6月份幼虫数量降到最低,蛹期、成虫期短,秋季幼虫开始孵化,幼虫数量持续上升。根据Pearson简单相关分析理论得出,神农宫扁角菌蚊幼虫数量与洞穴相对湿度、水流pH呈高度相关,而与洞穴温度、渗水pH呈低度相关,表明洞穴相对湿度、水流pH是影响幼虫种群分布的关键环境因子。  相似文献   

11.
12.
Gonadal hormones appear to modulate brain energy metabolism, and morphological and functional sexual differences are found in the amygdaloid complex (AC) of rats. Our aim was to study the CO2 production and lipid synthesis, measured by the rate of L-[U-14C]lactate or D-[U-14C]glucose utilization (in pmol.hr–1.mg–1), by AC slices in vitro of male and female rats. Lactate was more used than glucose as energy substrate (p < 0.01) but no sex-related difference was observed in glucose or lactate oxidation to CO2 (p > 0.05) or on lipid synthesis obtained from both substrates (p > 0.05). In addition, there was no effect of the estrous cycle on lactate oxidation to CO2 by the AC of females (p > 0.05). Based on the present data, it appears that the endogenous normal levels of gonadal hormones are not able to promote sex-related differences in the in vitro glucose or lactate utilization by the AC of rats.  相似文献   

13.
    
Salt respiration is defined as the increase of respiration under early salt stress. However, the response of respiration varies depending on the degree of salt tolerance and salt stress. It has been hypothesized that the activity of the alternative pathway may increase preventing over‐reduction of the ubiquinone pool in response to salinity, which in turn can increase respiration. Three genotypes of Medicago truncatula are reputed as differently responsive to salinity: TN1.11, A17 and TN6.18. We used the oxygen‐isotope fractionation technique to study the in vivo respiratory activities of the cytochrome oxidase pathway (COP) and the alternative oxidase pathway (AOP) in leaves and roots of these genotypes treated with severe salt stress (300 mM) during 1 and 3 days. In parallel, AOX capacity, gas exchange measurements, relative water content and metabolomics were determined in control and treated plants. Our study shows for first time that salt respiration is induced by the triggered AOP in response to salinity. Moreover, this phenomenon coincides with increased levels of metabolites such as amino and organic acids, and is shown to be related with higher photosynthetic rate and water content in TN6.18.  相似文献   

14.
The influence of ConA on the energy metabolism of quiescent rat thymocytes was investigated by measuring the effects of inhibitors of protein synthesis, proteolysis, RNA/DNA synthesis, Na+K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and mitochondrial ATP synthesis on respiration. Only about 50% of the coupled oxygen consumption of quiescent thymocytes could be assigned to specific processes using two different media. Under these conditions the oxygen is mainly used to drive mitochondrial proton leak and to provide ATP for protein synthesis and cation transport, whereas oxygen consumption to provide ATP for RNA/DNA synthesis and ATP-dependent proteolysis was not measurable. The mitogen ConA produced a persistent increase in oxygen consumption by about 30% within seconds. After stimulation more than 80% of respiration could be assigned to specific processes. The major oxygen consuming processes of ConA-stimulated thymocytes are mitochondrial proton leak, protein synthesis and Na+K+-ATPase with about 20% each of total oxygen consumption, while Ca2+-ATPase and RNA/DNA synthesis contribute about 10% each. Quiescent thymocytes resemble resting hepatocytes in that most of the oxygen consumption remains unexplained. In constrast, the pattern of energy metabolism in stimulated thymocytes is similar to that described for Ehrlich Ascites tumour cells and splenocytes, which may also be in an activated state. Most of the oxygen consumption is accounted for, so the unexplained process(es) in unstimulated cells shut(s) off on stimulation.  相似文献   

15.
    
In the present study, overall metabolism has been estimated in hybridoma cells by microcalorimetric measurement. Heat production rate was found to be 30-50 pW/cell at cell concentrations 0.65-4.5 x 10(5)/ml. High cell concentrations (1 x 10(6) cells/ml) caused unstable power-curves with an initial high peak and a rapid declining phase, whereas low cell concentrations (0.6-4.5 x 10(5) cells/ml) produced steady-state power-curves. Oxygen consumption was found to range between 1.5-6.1 x 10(-5) mol 02/cell/min, corresponding to about 80% of the total metabolic activity. The metabolic inhibitors sodium fluoride (50 nM), sodium azide (160 mM) and rotenone (0.1 mM) caused a reduction in overall cell metabolism of 60, 55 and 40% respectively.  相似文献   

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