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1.
选用国家柿种质资源圃中24个牛心柿和22个野柿为实验材料,采用L16(45)正交试验设计,建立了最优SCoT-PCR反应体系(20μL反应体系中,含Mg2+2.0mmol/L,dNTPs 0.2mmol/L,Taq聚合酶1.0U,引物0.5μmol/L,DNA模板80ng),并对不同引物的退火温度进行了优化,以探讨SCoT标记在柿亲缘关系鉴定和品种分类方面的应用。结果显示:(1)10条SCoT引物对46份材料共扩增出176个位点,其中多态性位点170个,多态率达96.6%;46份材料的遗传相似系数在0.619~0.852之间。(2)UPGMA聚类分析显示,SCoT标记能将46份材料完全区分开,其中:红花雄野毛柿、红花雌野毛柿单独被聚为一组,独立于牛心柿和野柿之外,与形态特征观察结果一致;璧山牛心柿与野柿聚为一组,在形态特征上璧山牛心柿也更趋于野柿,且璧山牛心柿为四倍体,与其他牛心柿(六倍体)不同,璧山牛心柿应属于野生柿。研究表明,SCoT标记是研究柿种质资源遗传多样性的有效手段;46份材料存在着较高的遗传多样性,在一定程度上反映了品种的地理分布情况,也说明地理因素对柿的亲缘关系有很大影响。  相似文献   

2.
麻栎SRAP-PCR体系优化与遗传多样性分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对麻栎基因组DNA的SRAP-PCR体系中dNTP、Taq酶、Mg2+、引物、模板DNA进行正 交试验优化,结果表明最佳反应体系为dNTP浓度为0.3 mmol*L-1,Taq酶1.5U, Mg 2+浓度为2mmol*L-1,引物浓度0.2ìmol*L-1,模板DNA 40ng(20ìL反 应体系).运用优化体系,从110对SRAP引物组合中,筛选出多态性较好的8对SRAP引物,对8 个不同地区麻栎进行SRAP标记分析.共检测到45个多态性位点,多态性条带百分比为51.72% .应用NTSYS-pc软件进行聚类分析(UPGMA),建立了麻栎亲缘关系树状图,表明SRAP可有效用于麻栎种质资源鉴定与遗传多样性分析.  相似文献   

3.
石蒜SRAP-PCR扩增体系的建立与优化   总被引:3,自引:5,他引:3  
以陕西产野生石蒜〔Lycorisradiata (L’Hr.)Herb.〕为材料,通过单因子实验分别研究了模板DNA、Mg2 、dNTPs、引物浓度及Taq DNA聚合酶用量对石蒜SRAP分子标记扩增体系的影响,并对扩增体系进行了优化。优化后的反应体系总体积为10μL,含20ng模板DNA、3.0mmol·L-1Mg2 、0.20mmol·L-1dNTPs、0.4μmol·L-1引物和0.50UTaq DNA聚合酶。运用优化体系对9个石蒜居群的基因组DNA进行扩增,获得的DNA条带清晰,多态性比较丰富。说明SRAP-PCR可用于石蒜属植物的亲缘关系、系统演化、物种鉴别和遗传多样性等领域的研究。  相似文献   

4.
应用RAMP分子标记研究红花资源遗传多样性   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
采用RAMP(Random amplified microsatellite polymorphism)对原产于42个国家的84份红花材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,被测材料间RAMP标记多态性较高。16个引物组合所产生的122条DNA扩增片段中,有118条具有多态性,PPB为96.7%。PIC的变化范围为0.580~0.978,平均值0.874。每个引物可扩增出4~11个DNA片段,平均获得7.6个DNA片断,其中7.4个具有多态性,遗传相似系数(GS)的变化范围0.338~0.907,平均值为0.665。基于GS的聚类结果可以将所有84份材料完全分开,并划分为6类,聚类结果与材料的地理分布有一定关系,来源于亚洲和美洲的材料多样性相对比较丰富,所有来自中国的材料被聚为一大类。据此认为,红花种质资源在分子水平上确实存在较大遗传差异,RAMP分子标记是评价红花资源遗传多样性的有效方法。  相似文献   

5.
优化萝卜基因组DNA RAPD-PCR反应体系的正交设计法   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
以CTAB微量提取方法提取10个红萝卜雄性不育系A单株的基因组DNA,等浓度混合成基因池。以其为模板,用正交设计方法论定RAPD-PCR反应体系的各影响因子,用随机引物S42(5’GGACCCAACC3’)优化萝卜雄性不育系A基因组DNARAPD,PCR反应体系,16次试验即可获得最佳的RAPD-PCR反应体系。  相似文献   

6.
肉质色不同萝卜遗传多样性的SSR分子标记分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用微卫星(SSR)标记技术,从600对SSR引物中筛选86对扩增条带清晰的引物,检测了来自我国不同地区37个肉质不同颜色萝卜品种的遗传多样性。86对引物共扩增到976个条带,每对引物扩增出2~17个条带,平均为10.7个,其中多态性条带892个,多态性条带比例为91.39%;共检测出753个基因型,每对引物检测2~20个基因型,平均8.7个,其中有效基因型443.99,有效基因型比例为58.96%;Shannon多态性指数变幅为0.44~2.77,平均1.76。当相似系数为0.81时,可将供试萝卜分成3类,第I类包括6份白色肉质萝卜,第II类包括3份红色肉质萝卜和6份白色肉质萝卜,第III类包括22份红色肉质萝卜。各红色肉质萝卜品种间的遗传相似系数有97%大于0.80,而各白色肉质萝卜品种间的遗传相似系数有91%大于0.80。红色肉质萝卜遗传多样性略低于白色肉质萝卜,红色肉质萝卜与白色肉质萝卜间平均相似系数为0.83,说明不同肉色的萝卜间亲缘关系较密切,在分类上红色肉质萝卜可能是白色萝卜的一个变种。  相似文献   

7.
周则刚  方炎明  王标 《植物研究》2008,28(6):684-688
采用4种方法对米心水青冈基因组DNA进行提取,通过比较得出改良CTAB法提出的DNA纯度较高,能够达到扩增要求,因此采用此方法用于正式DNA的提取。适合米心水青冈的RAPD反应体系为:反应体积为25 μL,模板DNA40 ng,引物0.8 μmol·L-1,Taq聚合酶1.25 U,Mg2+浓度2.0 mmol·L-1,dNTP浓度0.16 mmol·L-1。适合米心水青冈RAPD扩增程序: 94℃预变性3 min,一个循环,94℃变性30 s,37℃退火1 min,72℃延伸2 min,45个循环。  相似文献   

8.
以陕西省野生丹参为材料利用正交设计对MSAP预扩增和选择性扩增体系中关键因素优化筛选,以建立适合丹参的MSAP反应体系,并用于5个野生丹参居群表观遗传多样性分析.结果表明:25μL MSAP双酶切反应体系中加入EcoRⅠ和MspⅠ各10 U,37℃酶切8 h,酶切较充分;最佳预扩增反应体系25μL,包含连接产物2.5μL,Mg2+(25 mmoI/L)1.0μL,dNTPs(2.5 mmol/L)2.0μL,Taq酶(5 U/μL)0.4μL,上下游引物E00/HM00(50ng/μL)各1.0μL;最佳选择性扩增反应体系25μL,包含稀释100倍的预扩增产物1.5 μL,Mg2+(25 mmol/L)2.0μL,dNTPs(2.5 mmol/L)2.0μL,Taq酶(5 U/μL)0.1μL,上下游引物E-ACG/HM-CAA(50 ng/μL)各0.8μL.选用5对引物组合对5个野生丹参居群的50个单株进行表观遗传多样性分析,平均DNA甲基化多态性谱带为95.48%;UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,50个丹参单株在相似性系数0.58处可分为3大类.  相似文献   

9.
柑橘基因组DNA快速提取及ISSR-PCR扩增体系优化   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
对CTAB-mini法进行改良,得到一种效率较高的柑橘DNA提取方法.试验结果表明,得到的高质量DNA适合柑橘ISSR分析.同时,采用正交设计对影响柑橘ISSR-PCR因子进行优化.试验结果表明:20 μl反应体系中采用5 ng模板DNA、0.35 mmol/L dNTPs、0.15 μmol/L Primer、1U Taq酶和3 μl 10×Buffer(含Mg2+)为柑橘ISSR-PCR最优反应体系.  相似文献   

10.
正交优化法建立奶牛基因组DNA RAPD-PCR最佳反应体系   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
从 36头荷斯坦奶牛血样中提取基因组DNA ,以相同DNA浓度混成DNA池。以其为模板 ,通过正交设计试验 ,建立了RAPD PCR最佳反应体系。  相似文献   

11.
With this study the effects of water deficit on radish growth, dry mass production and partitioning, source–sink relations, physiological responses and accumulation of secondary metabolites in storage roots and leaves have been investigated. Three water stress treatments were applied: (Control) 100% of water holding capacity (WHC), (WS50) 50% of WHC, (WS30) 30% of WHC. Water stress was effectively acquired starting from 287 growing degree days (GDD) as demonstrated by the lower values of relative water content (RWC), higher leaf temperature and NIR‐based water indices values in water stressed conditions. Water stress reduced storage root dry weight by 27% at WS50 and 53% at WS30 as well as leaf dry matter accumulation (by 23% and 31% in WS50 and WS30, respectively), expansion (by 28% and 45% in WS50 and WS30, respectively) and specific leaf area (by 7% and 20% in WS50 and WS30, respectively) at 403 GDD. The increasing of leaf‐to‐root mass (L/R) and leaf area‐to‐root mass (LA/R) ratios indicated less dry matter allocation into storage organs under water stress conditions. Besides, water shortage increased leaf greenness as estimated by the higher soil–plant analysis development (SPAD) values (+14% and +20% on average for WS50 and WS30, respectively); other reflectance indices only partially confirmed SPAD readings. Substantially, water limitation did not significantly influence total anthocyanin content, ABTS‐radical scavenging activity and total free phenolic compounds in storage roots, as well as the total free phenolic compounds in leaves. Radish showed a strong plasticity in its adaptation to drought thanks to avoidance mechanisms such as constrained leaf development, increased leaf thickness and adjusted source–sink relationships.  相似文献   

12.
Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Tasaki Mula) was used in this investigation. On foliar spray, among the three fungicides (Iprodione, Mancozeb and Carbendazim), Iprodione (0.25%) followed by Mancozeb (0.3%) provided the maximum control of Alternaria blight and increased seed yield during the first cropping season (2004–2005). The results in second cropping season (2005–2006), 10 December (early) transplanting with three sprays of Iprodione resulted lowest leaf area diseased, whereas plants in 25 December (normal) transplanting had the lower pod area diseased. In third cropping season (2006–2007), 25 October transplantation with BAU-Biofungicide (2.0%) and Iprodione (0.25%) foliar application showed significant effect in reducing Alternaria blight and increased seed yield by 120.45% and 97.73%, respectively over non-sprayed control. Bio-Biofungicide ranked second in reducing the disease, but ranked first in increasing seed yield. The cost benefit analysis of management practices for radish seed crop during 2005–2006 revealed that stickling transplanting in 25 December (normal) with two sprays of Iprodione (0.25%) yielded the highest return (BCR 3.27), whereas negative result (BCR ? 0.89) has been estimated in case of non-sprayed control plots in late transplanting (10 January). However, cost benefit analysis of cropping season 2006–2007 revealed that BAU-Biofungicide (2.0%) six sprays yielded the highest return (BCR 4.41) followed by six sprays of Iprodione (BCR 3.90). Finally, it may be concluded that Integration of early transplanting (25 October) with foliar sprays ofBAU-Biofungicide (2.0%) was found best for eco-friendly management of Alternaria blight of radish seed crop with significantly higher seed yield.  相似文献   

13.
Acylated anthocyanins from red radish (Raphanus sativus L.)   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Twelve acylated anthocyanins were isolated from the red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. Six of these were identified as pelargonidin 3-O-[6-O-(E)-feruloyl-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside), pelargonidin 3-O-[6-O-(E)-caffeoyl-2-O-(6-(E)-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside), pelargonidin 3-O-[6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-2-O-(6-(E)-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside), pelargonidin 3-O-[6-O-(E)-feruloyl-2-O-(6-(E)-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside), pelargonidin 3-O-[6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-2-O-(6-(E)-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside), and pelargonidin 3-O-[6-O-(E)-feruloyl-2-O-(2-(E)-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside).  相似文献   

14.
Abstract Calmodulin (Cam), the heat-stable, ubiquitous, Ca2+-dependent regulator protein, has been purified to apparent homogeneity from germinating radish seeds (Raphanus sativus). The characteristics of radish Cam-molecular weight, absorption spectrum, Ca2+-dependent activation of brain phosphodiesterase (PDE)-are very similar to those described for Cam from other plant materials. Radish Cam, like other plant Cam, shows some differences to Cam of calf brain. The total amount of Cam in radish embryos at 24 h of germination is ca. 37 μg g−1 fresh weight. Approximately 95% of the total amount of Cam is present in the soluble fraction (supernatant at 100,000 g). The level in the embryo axis strongly increases in the first 24 h of germination (+540%); this increase is strongly reduced when the germination is inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). In the presence of Ca2+, no ‘free’ Cam (i.e. not bound to other structures) is present in the soluble fraction, suggesting that, during early germination, Cam level is a limiting factor for the activities of Ca2+ -Cam-dependent systems. These studies suggest that Cam plays an important role in the early phases of seed germination. An inhibitor of the Ca2+-Cam-dependent phosphodiesterase is present in the soluble fraction from radish embryos; this substance decreases during germination. A possible role of this inhibitor during the early germination phases is hypothesized.  相似文献   

15.
Radish (Raphanus sativus L., n = 9) is one of the major vegetables in Asia. Since the genomes of Brassica and related species including radish underwent genome rearrangement, it is quite difficult to perform functional analysis based on the reported genomic sequence of Brassica rapa. Therefore, we performed genome sequencing of radish. Short reads of genomic sequences of 191.1 Gb were obtained by next-generation sequencing (NGS) for a radish inbred line, and 76,592 scaffolds of ≥300 bp were constructed along with the bacterial artificial chromosome-end sequences. Finally, the whole draft genomic sequence of 402 Mb spanning 75.9% of the estimated genomic size and containing 61,572 predicted genes was obtained. Subsequently, 221 single nucleotide polymorphism markers and 768 PCR-RFLP markers were used together with the 746 markers produced in our previous study for the construction of a linkage map. The map was combined further with another radish linkage map constructed mainly with expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat markers into a high-density integrated map of 1,166 cM with 2,553 DNA markers. A total of 1,345 scaffolds were assigned to the linkage map, spanning 116.0 Mb. Bulked PCR products amplified by 2,880 primer pairs were sequenced by NGS, and SNPs in eight inbred lines were identified.  相似文献   

16.
This paper demonstrates the direct immobilization of peroxidase from ammonium sulfate fractionated white radish proteins on an inorganic support, Celite 545. The adsorbed peroxidase was crosslinked by using glutaraldehyde. The activity yield for white radish peroxidase was adsorbed on Celite 545 was 70% and this activity was decreased and remained 60% of the initial activity after crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. The pH and temperature-optima for both soluble and immobilized peroxidase was at pH 5.5 and 40°C. Immobilized peroxidase retained higher stability against heat and water-miscible organic solvents. In the presence of 5.0 mM mercuric chloride, immobilized white radish peroxidase retained 41% of its initial activity while the free enzyme lost 93% activity. Soluble enzyme lost 61% of its initial activity while immobilized peroxidase retained 86% of the original activity when exposed to 0.02 mM sodium azide for 1 h. The Km values were 0.056 and 0.07 mM for free and immobilized enzyme, respectively. Immobilized white radish peroxidase exhibited lower Vmax as compared to the soluble enzyme. Immobilized peroxidase preparation showed better storage stability as compared to its soluble counterpart.  相似文献   

17.
Changes in the thiocyanate content in hypocotyl-roots and leaves of radish were observed in a two-year field experiment. Six cultivars were tested: early radish (Rex and Ostergruss Różowa), Japanese radish (Tokinashi and Minowase Summer Cross F1), and winter radish (Monachijska Biała and Murzynka). A significant diversification in thiocyanate content among cultivars, plant parts, harvest dates and observation years was found. Early cultivars contained the least amount of these compounds, Murzynka — the greatest. The content of thiocyanates in leaves was 3 – 5 times higher than that in hypocotyl-roots. The changes in the thiocyanate content during root growth showed a constant rising tendency in the case of the leaves of all cultivars and the storage organs of Murzynka.  相似文献   

18.
The effects of an osmotic shock (300 m M mannitol, –0. 67 MPa) or/and increased external hydrostatic pressure on seedlings (42-h-germinated seeds) of radish ( Raphanus sativus L. cv. Tondo Rosso Quarantino) were investigated. The osmotic shock did not inhibit H+ extrusion and net K- uptake, and did not affect the levels of malic acid, reducing sugars, sucrose or amino acids or of the energy charge (i. e. the synthesis of energy-rich phosphate bonds), but inhibited the synthesis of proteins. RNA and DNA, measured as incorporation of labelled precursors. When the osmotic shock was applied together with an increased external hydrostatic pressure of the same magnitude (+0. 67 MPa), the same metabolic parameters and the inhibition of synthesis of RNA and DNA were not substantially affected, while the inhibition of protein synthesis was practically reversed and the energy charge decreased; the recovery of protein synthesis was not due to a change in labelled leucine uptake capability. Increased external hydrostatic pressure alone decreased the energy charge without affecting the other parameters considered.
The possibility that protein synthesis activity is directly controlled by cell turgor pressure (internal hydrostatic pressure) is discussed.  相似文献   

19.
Shoot cultures were established from seedling shoot tips of Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus Bailey cv. Gungjung, (Japanese radish) cultured on a Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with ca. 4.5–135 M kinetin or N6-benzyladenine. The latter cytokinin supported overall better growth, and 22.2 M was adopted for maintenance of established cultures. The nitrate: ammonium levels in the medium proved optimal for growth and shoot proliferation and both these parameters were significantly increased by addition of adenine sulfate or sodium phosphate. Rooting of excised shoots was achieved on auxin containing medium. Indole-3-butyric acid (ca. 5 or 10 M) also enhanced shoot growth. Plants were easily established in soil, appeared morphologically normal, and flowered.  相似文献   

20.
In gynodioecious plant populations, sex determination often involves both cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) genes and specific nuclear genes that restore male function. How gynodioecy is maintained under the joint dynamics of CMS and restorer genes remains controversial. Although many theoretical models deal with interactions between CMS genes and restorer genes with sexual phenotypes and predict changes in their frequencies, it is difficult to observe the frequencies because no molecular markers have been established for either CMS or restorer genes in well-studied gynodioecious plants. This is the first report of the frequency of a CMS gene determined using a molecular marker in natural populations of a gynodioecious plant. Using a set of CMS gene-specific polymerase chain reaction primers, we compared female and CMS gene frequencies in 18 natural populations of Raphanus sativus. Female frequency was relatively low, ranging from 0 to 0.21. In contrast, the CMS gene frequency was highly variable among populations, ranging from 0 to 1. Estimated restorer gene frequency seemed less variable than observed CMS gene frequency, probably due to higher gene flow than in the CMS gene. Genetic drift may play a role in maintaining high variability of the CMS gene, although other possibilities are not excluded.  相似文献   

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