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1.
A Pikea species attributed to Pikea californica Harvey has been established in England since at least 1967. Previously, this species was believed to occur only in Japan and Pacific North America. Comparative morphological studies on field-collected material and cultured isolates from England, California, and Japan and analysis of organellar DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms, detected using labeled organellar DNA as a non-radioactive probe, showed that English Pikea is conspecific with P. californica from California. Both populations consist of dioecious gametophytes with heteromorphic life histories involving crustose tetrasporophytes; 96% of organellar DNA bands were shared between interoceanic samples. A second dioecious species of Pikea, P. pinnata Setchell in Collins, Holden et Setchell, grows sympatrically with P. californica near San Francisco but can be distinguished by softer texture, more regular branching pattern, and elongate cystocarpic axes. Pikea pinnata and P. californica samples shared 49–50% of organellar DNA bands, consistent with their being distinct species. Herbarium specimens of P. robusta Abbott resemble P. pinnata in some morphological features but axes are much wider; P. robusta may represent a further, strictly sub-tidal species but fertile material is unknown. Pikea thalli from Japan, previously attributed to P. californica and described here as Pikea yoshizakii sp. nov., are monoecious and show a strikingly different type of life history. After fertilization, gonimoblast filaments grow outward through the cortex and form tetrasporangial nemathecia; released tetraspores develop directly into erect thalli. Tetrasporoblastic life histories are characteristic of certain members of the Phyllophoraceae but were previously unknown in the Dumontiaceae. Japanese P. yoshizakii shared 55 and 56% of organellar DNA bands with P. californica and P. pinnata, respectively; phylogenetic analysis indicated equally distant relationships to both species. Pikea yoshizakii or a closely similar species with the same life history occurs in southern California and Mexico. 相似文献
2.
Two new species of Acer fossil woods, A. momijiyamense and A. Watarianum, are described and a short review of fossil wood of this genus from the Tertiary of Japan is given. In the course of a study
on three fossil wood species which have been described as Acer and Acernium from Japan, it is noticed that Acernium iwatense Watari does not belong to Acer but to Prunus of the Rosaceae, and is therafore transferred into Prunus as Prunus iwatense comb. nov. 相似文献
3.
All the fish specimens of Neoclinus bryope species complex collected from Okinawa Island including the 2 specimens already reported as N. bryope are referable to N. okazakii. Neoclinus nudus, hitherto known only from Taiwan, is newly recorded from Okinawa Island. These two species are redescribed on the basis of
the specimens from Okinawa Island. The specimens from Okinawa are compared with those from Shirahama in the case of N. okazakii and with specimens from Taiwan as well as N. lacunicola and N. toshimaensis specimens from Shirahama in the case of N. nudus. The habitats of N. okazakii and N. nudus are clearly separated in the waters of Heshikiya, Okinawa Island and the habitat of either species is rather particular in
that it is exceptionally unoccupied by blenniids which are flourishing in the coastal waters of the Okinawa Islands. 相似文献
5.
Aulopus bajacali, described from the eastern Pacific Ocean from a single specimen, is redescribed. It is now known from over 400 specimens.
It is the only Pacific species of Aulopus belonging with the Atlantic species group of A. nanae, A. filamentosus, and A. cadenati. It shares a short dorsal-fin base and some color pattern characters with this group. New distribution records from Ecuador
and the Galapagos Islands extend its range; it is now known from mid-Baja California (25°N) to about 3°S in the eastern central
Pacific. 相似文献
6.
New information concerning the distribution and biology of anomalopid fishes is presented. There are five valid described species: Anomalops katoptron and Photoblepharon palpebratus, widely distributed in the central and western Pacific Ocean; P. steinitzi from the Red Sea and Comoro Islands; Kryptophanaron alfredi from the Caribbean; and K. harveyi from Baja California. P. steinitzi differs from P. palpebratus in coloration, head bone ornamentation, and pelvic ray number. The second known specimen of K. harveyi is described in detail. The occurrence of large specimens of Anomalops in deep water and small specimens in shallow water is discussed. Synonyms and a key to the species of anomalopids are provided. 相似文献
7.
Quercus tuitensis, a deciduous red oak known only from the Sierra El Tuito on the Pacific slopes of western Jalisco, Mexico, is described,
illustrated, and compared to Q. praineana Trel. In addition, Q. aequivenulosa and Q. coffeaecolor are reaffirmed as synonyms of Q. praineana. 相似文献
8.
Sectional taxonomy of Taraxacum in steppe or subsaline habitats in Central Asia is revised based on material collected during expeditions, cultivated or
studied in herbarium. Two new sections are described from that area: T. sect. Stenoloba similar to T. sect. Leucantha (syn.: T. sect. Sinensia), and T. sect. Suavia allied to T. sect. Dissecta. The type species of the section Suavia is described as Taraxacum formosissimum
Kirschner et Štěpánek. Widespread mountain dandelions of the Caucasus, intermediate between the sect. Piesis and T. stevenii, are described as T. sect. Confusa. Taraxacum species dominating dry habitats in S Ukraine and Crimea are described as T. sect. Borysthenica. Species belonging to the new sections were found to be polyploid and agamospermous. 相似文献
9.
We compared the morphology of all four members of Pelvetia and Silvetia (Fucaceae, Phaeophyta), with an emphasis on phylogenetic relationships. Silvetia is segregated from Pelvetia because it has two, longitudinally divided eggs in the oogonium. In contrast, the eggs of the genus Pelvetia are transversally divided. A cladistic analysis, based on 17 morphological features, shows that Pelvetia is closely related to Hesperophycus and Pelvetiopsis, as are three species of Silvetia. We can infer from the cladistic tree and biogeographic information that some silvetian ancestor populations from the northern
Pacific region likely evolved to S. babingtonii in northern Japan and then moved to Korea and California (USA), where S. siliquosa and S. compressa, respectively, diverged. Our morphological study corroborates the DNA-based phytogeny and the ensuing taxonomy for the two
genera. These results demonstrate the necessity for systematically revising the family Fucaceae to emphasize egg development,
rather than egg number, in the oogonium, as a diagnostic character. 相似文献
10.
Reexamination of Xanthoria persica, X. polycarpoides, X. lobulata gave evidence, that the thalli of these species are devoid of a lower cortex and rhizinae. Therefore, they do not fit the
definition of the genus Xanthoria and are transferred to Caloplaca (under the new section Xanthoriella) as Caloplaca persica, C. polycarpoides, and C. boulyi, respectively. — Details on development, anatomical structure, ecology and distribution are presented.
相似文献
11.
Four new species ofPiptadenia are described:P. anolidurus (from Amazonian Ecuador, Peru and Brazil),P. buchtienii (from trans-Andean Bolivia),P. cuzcoënsis (from southern Peru), andP. imatacae (from Venezuelan Guayana); andP. adiantoides var.peruviana J. F. Macbr. is raised in rank toP. peruviana. In relation toP. imatacae the transfer ofP. uaupensis Benth. andP. floribunda Kleinhoonte toAdenopodia Presl is shown to be ill-advised. The affinities of each new species are discussed and critical characters are illustrated.Mimosa tessmanii Harms is newly synonymized withP. uaupensis. 相似文献
12.
The genusSabazia is expanded to include the genusTricarpha, Calea palmeri, and several newly described taxa,S. tridacoides var.tridacoides and var.latifolia, S. palmeri var.lancifolia, andS. longiradiata. Comparative studies of several morphological features suggest thatSabazia is most clearly related toSelloa andGalinsoga. Karyological data reinforce this observation: inSelloa andGalinsoga x = 8 whereas inSabazia x = 4 andn = 4, 8, 16, or 24. Several species ofCalea are very similar toSabazia in floral features and may be of close phyletic affinity, but most species ofCalea differ conspicuously, suggesting more remote relationships. Other taxa in the Galinsoginae apparently fairly closely allied toSabazia includeOteiza andTridax. 相似文献
13.
Summary A survey was made of the yeasts occurring in the intestinal tract of wild species of Drosophila occurring in the Yosemite Region of California. Two hundred and forty one yeasts, representing 42 species and varieties,
were identified. Each isolate was obtained from a different fly. Almost half of the isolates belong to Saccharomyces. The most common species in this genus were S. montanus (36 isolates), S. veronae (30 isolates), S. cerevisiae var. tetrasporus (22 isolates) and S. drosophilarum (13 isolates). Further species are listed in Table 1. Zygosaccharomyces fermentati Naganishi was shown to be a distinct species and not a synonym of S. cerevisiae. In order to avoid confusion with another yeast of the same name, it has been proposed to change the name Z. fermentati to S. montanus Naganishi. Two new species of Saccharomyces were described, S. wickerhamii and S. kluyveri. S. mangini var. tetrasporus has been renamed S. cerevisiae var. tetrasporus. A non-cellobiose attacking strain of S. drosophilarum has been designated tentatively S. drosophilarum var. acellobiosa. A new species of the genus Pichia was described as P. xylosa. Saccharomyces pastori and Saccharomyces pini were transferred to the genus Pichia on the basis of arguments given in the preceding paper. A new species of Trichosporon was described as Tr. aculeatum on the basis of the presence of characteristic needlelike cells. Common species besides those mentioned in Saccharomyces were Hansenula angusta (19), Kloeckera apiculata (15), Kl. magna (13), and Torulopsis stellata (10). Other genera represented were Hanseniaspora, Cryptococus, Rhodotorula, Candida and Oospora. Evidence was obtained that many species of imperfect genera consist of distinctly different physiological types. 相似文献
14.
Two new species of Briquetia, B. sonorae and B. inermis, are described from northern Mexico, and another species that ranges from Mexico to Bolivia is transferred into the genus as B. spicata. The genus (previously known as monotypic, Paraguayan-Brazilian) is thereby enlarged from one species to four, and its geographical and morphological limits are greatly expanded. Also, a Mexican species of Abutilon is transferred to Hochreutinera, as H. amplexifolia, enlarging that genus from one to two species. On the basis of this new information, the limits of the informal Briquetia alliance are reconsidered; it is considered to include only Briquetia, Dirhamphis, and Batesimalva. 相似文献
15.
Specimens of the larger Neogene porcupines, generally allocated to Hystrix primigenia (Wagner, 1848), from 17 localities are studied, and their taxonomic status is recon-sidered. Material from one of these localities
has recently been described as Hystrix depereti Sen, 2001. The diagnoses of both species are revised. Tooth size and crown height are considered diagnostic characters at
the species level. As a resuit, specimens from eight localities are allocated to H. primigenia, from eight other localities to H. depereti, and from one locality to Hystrix sp. indet. The level of specialisation of the cranial morphology of these fossil species is compared with H. refossa Gervais, 1852 and with extant species. Diagnostic characters of H. aryanensis SEN, 2001 and of H. zhengi
van Weers & Zhang, 1999, are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Type examination of Trametes gilvoides revealed that it is distinct from the fungus hitherto known as Phellinus gilvoides in Japan. Phellinus setifer sp. nov. is described for the Japanese materials. This species is characterized by effusedreflexed basidiocarps with strigose
pileus surface, often dentate dissepiments, subulate setae, and cylindrical basidiospores. Phellinus acontextus, known only from the type material collected in Nepal, is newly reported from Japan. This species is characterized by sessile
and often pendent basidiocarps with multisulcate pileus surface, very thin context, lack of setae, and dark-colored basidiospores.
Cultural characters of the two species are also described. Phellinus acifer comb. nov. is proposed. Phellinus contiguus and P. ferreus are newly reported from Japan. 相似文献
18.
The leaf-anatomy, palynology, seed-morphology, vegetative morphology and especially the highly complicated floral morphology of the Coryciinae s. str. ( Diseae: Orchidoideae: Orchidaceae) are described and illustrated in detail. On the basis of these characters the presumed phylogeny, based on a rigorous cladistic analysis, is presented. The cladistic biogeographical analysis of the Coryciinae s. str. shows that it is a member of the Afrotemperate Track, with a pattern of vicariance events typical of the members of this track. An analysis of the patterns of speciation shows that allopatric speciation appears to be rare, and that parapatric speciation across edaphic boundaries may be the most important factor. Proceeding from the information presented, a new classification of the group is proposed in which we recognize the four genera Ceratandra, Evotella, Pterygodium and Corycium. The new monotypic genus Evotella comprises a species originally described as Pterygodium rubiginosum. The three species of the genus Anochilus are transferred to Corycium and Pterygodium. P. magnum, which was originally described as Pterygodium but was transferred to Corycium lately, is placed in a monotypic section of Pterygodium. 相似文献
19.
A study of both silicified and nonsilicified specimens of Permian reticularioid brachiopods from South China suggests that Permophricodothyris, a genus previously rarely reported from China, is actually very common and abundant in the Middle and especially Upper Permian
of South China. This study also clarifies, for the first time, that many of the reticularioid brachiopod species previously
described as Squamularia in fact belong to Permophricodothyris. The new data presented in this paper also allows a critical evaluation of Permophricodothyris in relation to its closest allies: Phricodothyris, Squamularia, Bullarina and Neophricodothyris. The revision reveals that a total of 18 Permophricodothyris species are present in the Middle and Upper Permian of South China, with only one species, P. squamularioides, having survived the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Two species, P. grandis ( Chao) and P. guangxiensis
Han, Zhou & Wang, are redescribed here, providing critical new information on the morphology and taxonomy of these species. 相似文献
20.
Four distinct species of Cortinarius referable to subg. Dermocybe are described from the Cooloola Sand-Mass, Queensland; two are formally recognized as C. alkalivirens, spec. nova and C. chromobasis, spec. nova, whilst notes are provided for the other two. Chemical methods and cladistic studies are applied and indicate a new section of the subgenus is required. Australodermocybe sect. nova is proposed. 相似文献
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