硒对猪细小病毒体外增殖抑制作用的研究

本文以PK-15细胞为模型,研究了亚硒酸钠、硒蛋氨酸和海藻硒多糖等三种硒化合物对猪细小病毒体外复制 的抑制作用,以及还原型谷胱甘肽、D-甘露醇等氧自由基清除剂对不同来源硒的抑制病毒作用的影响。结果表明: 三种硒化合物对猪细小病毒在PK-15中的复制呈现不同程度的抑制作用,在相同浓度时其强度依次为硒蛋氨酸、 亚硒酸钠、海藻硒多糖,随着浓度的增加,其抑制作用逐渐增强,呈剂量依赖性关系。还原型谷胱甘肽和甘露醇均 有增强硒的抑制病毒复制作用,两者同时添加时,协同增强硒的抑制病毒复制作用。     

培养方式对富硒产朊假丝酵母性能的影响

在摇瓶和5 L发酵罐水平上分别考察亚硒酸钠浓度及其添加方式对高性能(高有机硒含量和高谷胱甘肽含量)富硒产朊假丝酵母制备的影响.结果表明:亚硒酸钠添加质量浓度为15 mg/L时,产朊假丝酵母具有较好的富硒效果,但一次性添加对酵母细胞有较大的毒害作用.采用分批次添加亚硒酸钠的方法获得了较好的制备高性能富硒产朊假丝酵母的培养方式:发酵起始添加L-蛋氨酸10 mmol/L,并在发酵过程的12和15 h分别添加亚硒酸钠10和5 mg/L.在此培养方式下,产朊假丝酵母胞内谷胱甘肽和有机硒含量分别达到172.3 mg/L和1194 μg/g.     

纳米硒对肉鸡肝细胞中细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响

以亚硒酸钠和蛋氨酸硒为对照,研究了纳米单质硒(纳米硒)对肉鸡肝细胞中细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(cGPx)活性的影响。每种硒源分别以0.01、0.05、0.10、0.30、0.50、1.0μmol/L6个硒添加浓度培养肉鸡肝细胞,测定培养后0、24、48、72、96h肉鸡肝细胞cGPx活性。结果显示:亚硒酸钠添加浓度(以硒计)在0.01￣0.10μmol/L、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒添加浓度(以硒计)在0.01￣0.30μmol/L,cGPx活性随着硒添加浓度的增加而增加;亚硒酸钠添加浓度在0.10￣1.0μmol/L、蛋氨酸硒添加浓度在0.30￣1.0μmol/L,cGPx活性随着硒添加浓度的增加而下降,而纳米硒添加浓度在0.30￣1.0μmol/L,cGPx活性始终保持在高峰平台。结果表明,3种硒源的剂量-效应关系曲线中的最适剂量范围宽度依次为:纳米硒>蛋氨酸硒>亚硒酸钠。     

一氧化氮对猪细小病毒体外增殖的影响研究

本文研究了来源于不同前体物的一氧化氮(Nitro oxide,NO)对猪细小病毒(Porcine parvovirus,PPV)体外增殖的影响.结果表明,NO前体物S-硝基-N-乙酰青霉胺(SNAP)、L-精氨酸(L-Arg)均能够有效地诱导PK-15细胞产生NO,进而显著地抑制PPV在PK-15细胞上的复制,其效果与前体物的浓度呈正相关,在浓度为100μmol/L和200μmol/L时,SNAP产生NO的能力与抑制病毒复制的作用要强于L-Arg.在病毒感染前6 h和3 h添加SNAP或L-Arg对病毒复制的抑制作用比在病毒感染后3 h和6 h添加的作用强,表明NO的抗病毒作用主要发生在病毒感染的初始阶段.此外,添加具有抑制L-Arg产生NO作用的N-硝基-L-精氨酸(L-NNA)能抵消L-Arg体外抗病毒的作用.     

酵母同化无机硒作用的研究

本文报道了酵母在同化无机硒为有机硒的过程中，培养基的种类、亚硒酸钠浓度以及蛋氨酸浓度与生成的硒酵母中的硒蛋氨酸量的某些规律。实验结果表明：硒酵母中硒蛋氨酸的量与培养基的种类有关，随培养基中亚硒酸钠浓度的增加而增加，而随蛋氨酸浓度的增加而减少。提出了一个准确测定生物物质中硒代氰基酸的分析方法。     

亚硒酸钠对小麦幼苗中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽转硫酶活性以及谷胱甘肽含量的影响

用1.0 mg·L-1的亚硒酸钠根施小麦幼苗,测定亚硒酸钠对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽转硫酶活性以及还原性谷胱甘肽含量的结果表明,外源亚硒酸钠对麦苗地上部的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽转硫酶活性均有诱导作用,使麦苗体内的谷胱甘肽含量水平增加.     

亚硒酸钠对脑胶质瘤干细胞生长抑制效应及细胞内活性氧的影响

目的:研究亚硒酸钠对人脑胶质瘤干细胞的生长抑制效应及细胞内活性氧的影响。方法:使用不同浓度的亚硒酸钠(0.5μmol/L、1.5μmol/L、3.0μmol/L)对人脑胶质瘤干细胞进行侵染,分别通过四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法及荧光检测仪检测亚硒酸钠对人脑胶质瘤干细胞的增殖及活性氧(ROS)含量的影响。结果:亚硒酸钠对人脑胶质瘤干细胞具有明显的抑制作用,且随亚硒酸钠浓度的增加对人脑胶质瘤干细胞细胞生长抑制作用逐渐加强。结论:亚硒酸钠能抑制人脑胶质瘤干细胞的生长,并可增加其细胞内ROS的含量。     

超氧阴离子对心肌细胞Ca~（2＋）平衡的影响及硒的保护作用

在超氧阴离子（Ｏ~－_２）作用下,心肌细胞内游离钙浓度（［Ｃａ~（２＋）］_ｉ）显著升高;心肌细胞膜通透性明显增强;膜脂流动性下降。一定浓度的硒代蛋氨酸（Ｓｅ－Ｍｅｔ）或亚硒酸钠（Ｎａ_２ＳｅＯ_３）可不同程度地拮抗Ｏ~－_２的影响。前者作用更为显著。这两种硒化合物也能提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）的活性。综上所述,硒缺乏,高自由基及心肌细胞Ｃａ~（２＋）平衡失调三者之间存在着相关性。在Ｏ~－_２作用下,心肌细胞内Ｃａ~（２＋）平衡失调比膜通透性的改变更为敏感。     

抗微生物脂肽体外抗PRV和PPV的研究

本试验研究了枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ株产生的抗微生物脂肽(Antimicrobial lipopeptide,AMI)的体外抗伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)、猪细小病毒(Porcine parvovirus, PPV)南京株活性并对其可能的机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明该抗微生物脂肽对猪肾(Porcine Kidney,PK-15)细胞的半数中毒浓度(Median Toxicosis Dose,TD50)和最大无毒浓度(TD0)分别为47.57 mg/L、18.9 mg/L;对PRV株、PPV南京株所致细胞病变效应(Cytopathic Effects,CPE)有明显的抑制作用,可使细胞存活率显著升高;但不能抑制PRV株、PPV南京株在PK-15细胞上的感染和复制.由此可知,该抗微生物脂肽可以直接作用于PRV株、PPV南京株,从而抑制其对PK-15细胞的感染作用,其作用效果显著低于抗病毒药物阿昔洛韦(Acyclovir,ACV),但由于其对PK-15细胞毒性较弱,可作为一种抗病毒药物进行进一步开发研究.     

超氧阴离子对心肌细胞Ca^2＋平衡的影响及硒的保护作用

在超氧阴离子（Ｏ２＾－）作用下,心肌细胞内游离钙深度（［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ）显著升高;心肌细胞膜通透性明显增强;膜脂流动性下降。一定深度的硒代蛋氨酸（Ｓｅ－Ｍｅｔ）亚硒酸钠（ＮａＳｅＯ３）可不同程度地拮Ｏ２＾－的影响。前者作用更为显著。这两种硒化合物也能提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）的活性。综上所述,硒缺乏,高自由基及心肌细胞Ｃａ＾２＋平衡失调三者之间存在着相关性。在Ｏ２＾－作用下,心肌细胞内     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.