壳聚糖-Zn(Ⅱ)亲和层析介质的制备及表征

以自制的壳聚糖微球为载体,环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为活化剂,亚氨基二乙酸(IDA)为螯合配基,Zn2+为螯合金属离子制备壳聚糖-Zn(II)亲和层析介质。最佳活化工艺:M壳聚糖(g)∶VECH(m L)为1∶4、Na OH浓度为1.2 mol/L、活化温度为50℃,活化时间为4 h,测得环氧基修饰密度达0.2472 mmol/g;最佳螯合工艺:IDA作为配基、浓度为0.6 mol/L、反应温度为70℃、反应时间为6 h,Zn Cl2作为螯合金属盐、浓度为0.1 mol/L、反应时间为3 h,Zn2+螯合量达到最大值。通过红外光谱表征,证明壳聚糖与Zn(II)发生了螯合配位反应,生成了壳聚糖-Zn(II)配合物。     

壳聚糖固定化酶一步纯化抑肽酶研究

采用化学改性与修饰微珠壳聚糖为载体,共价法偶联牛胰蛋白酶,制成抑肽酶亲和吸附剂,单位活力５１９０ＫＩＵ／ｇ（湿）,蛋白偶联率６０．５％,酶活性回收率５５％;将其直接亲和层析牛肺提取液,分离纯化高比活抑肽酶。方法过程简单,样品比活力５７００ＫＩＵ／ｍｇ,质量稳定,成本较低;该吸附剂机械强度高,抗污染能力较强,非特异性吸附较小,可以反复使用,价格低廉,适合工业化生产。     

改性与修饰壳聚糖固定化酶纯化抑肽酶研究

采用化学改性与修饰微珠壳聚糖为载体,共价法偶联牛胰蛋白酶,制成抑肽酶亲和吸附剂,单位活力5 190 KIU/g（湿）,蛋白质偶联率60.5％,酶活性回收率55％;将其直接亲和层析牛肺提取液,分离纯化高比活抑肽酶.方法过程简单,样品比活力5 700 KIU/mg,质量稳定,成本较低;该吸附剂机械强度高,抗污染能力较强,非特异性吸附较小,可以反复使用,价格低廉,适合工业化生产.     

以壳聚糖为亲和层析载体提纯胰蛋白酶

以自制的壳聚糖为亲和层析载体,鸡蛋粘蛋白作配基,通过戊二醛交联构建成亲和吸附剂,对胰蛋白酶的亲和层析提纯进行了研究。结果表明,胰蛋白酶活性回收率达70％,纯度经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定为一条带,实验有操作安全、简单、快速和收率高等优点。     

以壳聚糖为载体亲和层析胰蛋白酶

用活化的壳聚糖为载体,鸡卵粘蛋白(CHOM)为配基,制备了胰蛋白酶的亲和吸附剂。采用该吸附剂亲和层析胰酶,所得产物经SDS-PAGE电泳检测,带中只有一条带颜色较深,且与标准胰蛋白酶带位置几乎相同。实验结果表明1 g壳聚糖可以固定60 mg鸡卵粘蛋白,制成的亲和吸附剂可吸附胰蛋白酶的最大量为118 U/g。以壳聚糖为载体的亲和吸附剂制备过程简单、安全。     

壳聚糖载体的制备及脲酶的固定化研究

以甲壳素为原料,制备出壳聚糖载体,并对脲酶进行固定化。通过测量悬挂醛基探讨了交联条件对载体性能的影响,优化了脲酶的固定化条件,研究了固定化酶的酶学性质,并与游离酶进行了比较。结果表明。制备载体的最优条件是将微球用6％的戊二醛活化2h,最佳联酶条件是载体与脲酶共反应1h。该固定化酶的最适温度为65℃,最适pH值为6．6,米氏常数为0．009mol／L,较游离酶均有较大改善。热稳定性较游离酶有很大的提高,且具有良好的操作稳定性。     

Optimized operating parameters for the displacement separation of biomolecules in immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography

The ideal immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) model was employed to investigate the effect of operating parameters change on the displacement separation of biomolecules. By combining a lower initial mobile phase modifier (MPM) concentration and a higher final MPM concentration, the displacement chromatographic separation produced both higher concentration of feeds and better throughput in IMAC displacement separating systems.     

Protein selectivity in immobilized metal affinity chromatography based on the surface accessibility of aspartic and glutamic acid residues

The interaction of different species variants of cytochrome c and myoglobin, as well as hen egg white lysozyme, with the hard Lewis metal ions Al³⁺, Ca²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Yb³⁺ and the borderline metal ion Cu²⁺, immobilized to iminodiacetic acid (IDA)-Sepharose CL-4B, has been investigated over the rangepH 5.5–8.0. With appropriately chosen buffer and metal ion conditions, these proteins can be bound to the immobilized M ⁿ +-IDA adsorbents via negatively charged amino acid residues accessible on the protein surface. For example, tuna heart cytochrome c, which lacks surface-accessible histidine residues, readily bound to the Fe³⁺-IDA adsorbent, while the other proteins also showed affinity toward immobilized Fe³⁺-IDA adsorbents when buffers containing 30 mM of imidazole were used. These studies document that protein selectivity can be achieved with hard-metalion immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) systems through the interaction of surfaceexposed aspartic and glutamic acid residues on the protein with the immobilized M ⁿ +-IDA complex. These investigations have also documented that the so-called soft or borderline immobilized metal ions such as the Cu²⁺-IDA adsorbent can also interact with surface-accessible aspartic and glutamic acid residues in a protein-dependent manner. A relationship is evident between the number and extent of clustering of the surfaceaccessible aspartic and glutamic acid residues and protein selectivity with these IMAC systems. The use of elution buffers which contain organic compound modifiers which replicate the carboxyl group moieties of these amino acids on the surface of proteins is also described.Abbreviations IDA iminodiacetic acid - IDA-Mⁿ⁺ iminodiacetic acid chelated to metal ion - IMAC immobilized metal affinity chromatography - DHCC dog heart cytochrome c - HHCC horse heart cytochrome c, THCC, tuna heart cytochrome c - HMYO horse skeletal muscle myoglobin - SMYO sheep skeletal muscle myoglobin - HEWL hen egg white lysozyme     

Enzymatic activity on a chip: the critical role of protein orientation

We compare the catalytic activities of enzymes immobilized on silicon surfaces with and without orientation. While oriented sulfotransferases selectively immobilized on an otherwise zero-background surface via 6xHis tags faithfully reflect activities of solution phase enzymes, those with random orientation on the surface do not. This finding demonstrates that controlling the orientation of immobilized protein molecules and designing an ideal local chemical environment on the solid surface are both essential if protein microarrays are to be used as quantitative tools in biomedical research.     

重组人Fab金属螯合层析法纯化条件的研究

在重组人Fab(rh Fab)表达载体的羧基端插入六个组氨酸, 使其对金属螯合层析介质产生特异性吸附, 可用金属螯合亲和层析法进行分离纯化. 采用自制金属(铜、锌金属离子)螯合层析介质, 以pH和咪唑两种洗脱方法,对rh Fab段的纯化效果进行了探讨. 结果显示: 铜离子螯合层析介质比锌离子螯合层析介质对rh Fab的亲和能力更强; pH洗脱方法的重复性优于咪唑法; 金属铜离子螯合层析法对rh Fab进行一步纯化可得到纯度大于95%的rh Fab产品.     

Efficient production of active and mutated ADP-ribosyltransferase (S1) of pertussis toxin using affinity expression cassette polymerase chain reaction

Abstract We describe an efficient, general approach for cloning, expression and purification of heterologous proteins in Escherichia coli host strains. The affinity expression cassette polymerase chain reaction (AEC-PCR) allows the insertion of virtually any coding sequence in suitable expression vectors. For ease of purification of the (over)produced protein the gene expression cassettes are engineered by specifically designed oligonucleotide primers in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to contain either 3′ or 5′ additional nucleotides coding for a short amino acid sequence constituting an ‘affinity block’ fused to either end of the protein. This allows a one-step purification by affinity chromatography. In combination with PCR-mediated site-specific mutagenesis this approach is a highly efficient way for the expression and isolation of proteins and for the analysis and dissection of functional domains. The application of AEC-PCR is demonstrated by the cloning, production and purification of the native, active and the mutagenized, inactive ADP-ribosyltransferase (S1 subunit) of pertussis toxin. In this example, a string of six histidines has been engineered to either the N-terminal or the C-terminal end of the protein to serve as ‘affinity block’ for the isolation of the recombinant protein by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC). Thus, the S1 subunit can now be produced in sufficient quantities to facilitate further studies on its immunological and molecular properties.     

Genomic data for alternate production strategies. I. Identification of major contaminating species for Cobalt(+2) immobilized metal affinity chromatography

Recent advances in technology have allowed for the identification of complex protein mixtures in a rapid fashion. This report highlights the use of 2D gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and database analysis to determine contaminating species of the Escherichia coli genome that are present during immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), highlighting Co(2+) as the affinity ligand. Four proteins (triosephosphate isomerase, alpha galactosidase, Hsp90, and glucosamine 6-phosphate synthase) constitute the majority of E. coli proteins that bind and potentially may coelute during chromatography. Results are discussed within the context of changes that when implemented could lead to an increase in IMAC efficiency, not by altering column conditions, but rather by changing the nature of the nuisance proteins that principally reduce column capacity and extend processing times. Such a study illustrates the use of proteome data to aid in bioprocess design.     

Purification of papain by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) on chelating carboxymethyl cellulose

Chelating carboxymethyl cellulose was prepared in bead form by immobilizing iminodiacetic acid on carboxymethyl cellulose which was earlier crosslinked and activated by epichlorohydrin. The prepared matrix was used to purify papain by a factor of 2.6 from commercial papain, and by a factor of 4 from papaya latex by batch adsorption and immobilized metal affinity chromatography respectively. Purification factors obtained were equal in batch mode and double in column mode, to purifications obtained on Chelating Sepharose® Fast Flow. Flow rates up to 38 ml/cm2 h were easily possible on the prepared chelating carboxymethyl cellulose.     

Effects of IMAC specific peptide tags on the stability of recombinant green fluorescent protein

Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) using peptide affinity tags has become a popular tool for protein purification. An important feature dictating the use of a specific affinity tag is whether its structure influences the properties of the target protein to which it is attached. In this work we have studied the influence on protein stability of two novel peptide affinity tags, namely NT1A and HIT2, and compared their effect to the commonly used hexa‐histidine tag, all attached to the C‐terminus of a enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). A comparison of the influence of C‐ or N‐terminal orientation of the tags was also carried out by studying the NT1A tag attached at either terminus of the eGFP. Protein stability was studied utilising guanidine hydrochloride equilibrium unfolding procedures and CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. The novel peptide affinity tags, NT1A and HIT2, and the His₆ tag were found to not affect the stability of eGFP. Although these results are protein specific, they highlight, nevertheless, the need to employ suitable characterisation tools if the impact of a specific peptide tag on the folded status or stability of a recombinant tagged protein, purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatographic methods, are to be rigorously evaluated and the appropriate choice of peptide tag made. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011