新疆黄精凝集素基因的克隆、序列分析和表达

用百合科黄精属植物凝集素基因的保守序列为引物,从新疆黄精的叶中克隆出黄精凝集素的全长cDNA。序列分析表明, 克隆获得的新疆黄精凝集素(Polygonatum roseum agglutinin, PRA)基因完整的ORF片段大小为550 bp, 编码1 条长159个氨基酸肽链, 没有内含子, 其中N 端的28个氨基酸是信号肽。对新疆黄精凝集素cDNA 序列同源性的分析比较发现, 黄精属植物凝集素基因之间有很高的同源性(92%)。氨基酸序列比对和SWISS-MODEL同源模建分析表明, PRA由12个b-折叠片组成的b-桶结构, 具有与单子叶植物甘露糖结合凝集素相似的空间结构。重组质粒pGEX-4T-1-PRA 和pMAL-p2x-PRA, 分别转化E. coli BL21进行原核表达, 新疆黄精凝集素能够以可溶性融合蛋白形式表达, 分子量约为14 kD。构建真核表达载体pcDNA3-PRA, 免疫小鼠后获得了抗血清。免疫印迹结果显示为单一的条带, 证明该抗血清具有针对PRA抗原的专一性。新疆黄精凝集素基因的克隆、原核和真核的表达以及抗血清的制备, 为进一步研究凝集素蛋白的性质和功能, 并为植物抗病虫基因工程研究提供有用的实验材料。     

Tenebrio molitor抗冻蛋白基因家族cDNA片段的克隆、序列分析及原核表达

利用反转录-多聚酶链式反应(RT-PCR)的方法, 克隆黄粉甲虫(Tenebrio molitor)抗冻蛋白基因cDNA片段并进行序列分析和原核表达。同源性分析表明, 获得9条新cDNA片段, 与黄粉甲虫抗冻蛋白基因家族的其他基因序列具有较高的同源性。重组质粒pGEX-4T-1-tmafp-XJ430, 转化E.coli BL21进行原核表达, SDS-PAGE分析结果表明, 抗冻蛋白基因以可溶性融合蛋白表达, 相对分子量为38 kDa。构建真核表达载体pCDNA3-tmafp-XJ430, 免疫小鼠, 获得的抗血清滴度为1:2 000。Western blotting 结果为单一的条带, 证明该抗血清具有针对抗冻蛋白TmAFP-XJ430抗原的专一性。     

白桂木凝集素基因cDNA克隆及其性质预测

为了探索白桂木凝集素在分子水平的作用机制,本研究采用cDNA末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)方法首次克隆了白桂木凝集素(Atrocarpus hypargyreus lectin,AHL)cDNA序列的全长。序列分析与预测结果表明,AHL cDNA序列全长933 bp,含有一个编码40个氨基酸的信号肽和1个编码235个氨基酸的708 bp开放阅读框(ORF);AHL分子量为25 579.2 Da。同源性分析表明AHL与木菠萝家族相关凝集素氨基酸序列有很高的同源性。     

悬钩子属植物肌动蛋白基因片段的克隆与表达

目的:克隆悬钩子属植物肌动蛋白基因(actin),为研究该物种中其他基因的表达和调控提供内标基因.方法:利用一对特异性引物从黑莓、悬钩子杂种和树莓品种中克隆actin cDNA片段,对其进行序列分析和半定量RT-PCR表达分析.结果:从3个品种中均获得一条783 bp actin cDNA片段,编码260个氨基酸,3条actin片段与其他植物核苷酸序列的同源性都在82%以上,与其他植物氨基酸序列同源性也均在95%以上;树莓和悬钩子杂种品种的actin核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性均达99%,系统进化分析也发现两者亲缘关系较近些;表达分析发现actin基因在各品种不同组织中均有一定的表达量.结论:首次克隆了悬钩子属植物肌动蛋白基因actin,将来自黑莓和树莓品种的序列登录在GenBank,登录号分别为HQ439556和HQ439557.     

黄秋葵查尔酮合成酶基因AeCHS的克隆与表达分析

采用同源序列克隆和RT-PCR技术,首次克隆得到黄秋葵查尔酮合成酶基因(CHS)cDNA全长序列。序列分析表明,该序列全长1175 bp,包括一个1170 bp的完整ORF,编码389个氨基酸,命名为AeCHS。生物信息学分析表明,本研究所获得的AeCHS氨基酸序列与同科植物黄蜀葵和陆地棉的同源性较高,分别达99.23%和97.44%,AeCHS推断的氨基酸序列含有CHS蛋白的标签序列GFGPG以及4个保守活性位点Cys164、Phe215、His303、Asn336。实时荧光定量PCR分析黄秋葵果实、花、叶片不同发育时期AeCHS基因的表达量,结果表明AeCHS基因在上述植物材料中表现出不同的表达模式:花>果实>叶片,具体到不同植物组织,AeCHS基因在生长6 d的果实、盛开的花朵以及植株顶端第4片叶子中的表达量较高。     

四翅滨藜Osmotin-like Protein基因的克隆、序列分析及其原核表达北大核心CSCD

在构建四翅滨藜(Atriplex canescens)全长cDNA文库中通过随机克隆测序并进行EST分析基础上,得到四翅滨藜osmotin-like protein的1个cDNA序列,命名为AcOLP。AcOLPcDNA包含一个全长为687 bp完整开放阅读框,编码229个氨基酸,属于GH64-TLP-SF超家族,是一种病程相关5(PR-5)蛋白,其核酸序列与大洋洲滨藜(Atriplex nummularia)的osmotin-likeprotein基因的同源性为94%,对应编码氨基酸序列同源性为87%。将得到的序列提交GenBank,序列号为JN632587.1。与其他植物PR-5蛋白的氨基酸序列比对,AcOLP具有保守的半胱氨酸残基,与二硫键的形成有关。对AcOLP与其他植物的氨基酸序列的进化分析表明,其与大洋洲滨藜的亲缘关系较近。将AcOLP基因与原核表达载体pET-28a连接,进行融合表达,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达出分子质量约29 kD的蛋白。     

能源植物续随子延伸因子EF1A基因cDNA序列的克隆及分析

利用同源克隆和cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)克隆得到能源植物续随子延伸因子EFIA基因的cDNA序列(命名为ElEF1A,GenBank登录号为KT892703)。序列分析表明,ElEF1A编码序列(CDS)长1344bp,编码447个氨基酸,氨基酸序列具有典型的EF1-alpha、EF1-alpha-Ⅱ和EF1-alpha-Ⅲ结构域。ElEF1A与其他植物EF1A基因的核苷酸序列同源性达到88%以上,推导的氨基酸序列的同源性达95%以上。     

石蒜儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因克隆与原核表达

采用同源克隆与RACE相结合的方法,首次从石蒜叶片中克隆到可能与加兰他敏生物合成相关的儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因,命名为LrCOMT。核酸序列分析显示,该cDNA全长1 246bp,开放阅读框1 101bp,编码366氨基酸。氨基酸序列分析与比对发现,LrCOMT编码的氨基酸序列具有COMT蛋白的特征区域,且与鸢尾、玉米、烟草等植物COMT的同源性大于60%。将LrCOMT基因连接到原核表达载体pET-29a上,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)的原核表达结果显示,重组蛋白受IPTG诱导表达,分子量大小约为40kD,与已报道的其他植物COMT大小基本一致。     

彩鲫Ran基因全长cDNA的克隆及其组织表达特异性分析

根据Ran的保守区序列设计简并引物,结合SMART、cDNA合成及RACE-PCR技术,克隆到彩鲫(Carassius auratus color variety)的Ran基因的cDNA全长,其编码区全长为648bp,编码215个氨基酸。采用BIAST程序在NCBI数据库中对其进行同源基因搜索,结果表明,其推测的编码氨基酸序列与斑马鱼和鲑鱼的Ran基因编码的氨基酸序列的同源性分别高达98％和97％。还对其编码区全长序列进行了原核表达,以经纯化的表达蛋白免疫家兔,制备出了具有较高特异性的多克隆抗体。采用Western blotting进行的组织特异性分析表明,Ran蛋白在卵巢、精巢和肾中表达,在心、脑、肝、脾和肌肉中不表达。本工作为采用免疫耗竭法、免疫共沉淀、体外系统模拟等方法进一步研究鱼类．Ran基因的生理功能及分离鉴定其结合蛋白提供了良好基础。     

内蒙古白绒山羊IGF-IR基因cDNA克隆及组织表达特异性分析

旨在克隆内蒙古白绒山羊IGF-IR基因并分析其基本表达模式.采用RT-PCR克隆基因,将得到的IGF-IR基因cDNA片段的核苷酸序列及其编码的氨基酸序列进行生物信息学分析.半定量RT-PCR进行组织特异性表达检测.获得了内蒙古白绒山羊IGF-IR基因3’端编码区2118 bp的cDNA序列(JN200823),编码705个氨基酸残基.核苷酸序列与牛的IGF-IR( XM606794.3)基因同源性为98％,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为99％.SMART分析表明,推导出的编码蛋白具有跨膜域,酪氨酸激酶催化域.半定量RT-PCR检测表明,IGF-IR基因在绒山羊脑、胰腺、肝、肾组织中均有表达.     

滨藜（Atriplex patens）核糖体失活蛋白基因的克隆和分析

为开发利用新疆野生植物滨藜,采用反转录-多聚酶链式反应(RT-PCR),从滨藜（Atriplex patens）叶中克隆核糖体失活蛋白（ribosome inactivating proteins ,RIPs）基因的完整读码框ORF片段.序列分析表明,该片段大小为843 bp,编码1 条长280个氨基酸肽链, 其中N 端的26个氨基酸是信号肽.滨藜核糖体失活蛋白（ApRIP）属Ⅰ型核糖体失活蛋白.同源性比较分析显示,滨藜RIP与藜科植物藜的核糖体失活蛋白,天花粉蛋白（TCS）和美洲商陆蛋白（PAP）基因序列的同源性分别为82%,41%和55%.氨基酸序列比对和SWISS-MODEL同源模建分析表明,滨藜RIP的3′端氨基酸肽链具有与其它RIP相同的活性中心位点"EAARXKXI".     

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LECTIN,BRYOHEALIN, INVOLVED IN PROTOPLAST REGENERATION OF THE MARINE ALGA BRYOPSIS PLUMOSA (CHLOROPHYTA)1

When a coenocytic cell of the green alga Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. Agardh was cut open and the cell contents expelled, the cell organelles agglutinated rapidly in seawater to form protoplasts. This process was mediated by a lectin, Bryohealin. The full sequence of the cDNA encoding Bryohealin was obtained, which consisted of 1,101 base pairs (bp), with 24 bp of 5′ untranslated region (UTR) and 201 bp of 3′ UTR. It had an open reading frame (ORF) of 771 bp encoding 257 amino acid residues. A signal peptide consisted of 22 amino acids presented before the start codon of Bryohealin, indicating that this lectin was a vacuolar (storage) protein. The C‐terminal sequence of Bryohealin was composed of antibiotic domains, suggesting that this lectin could perform two functions: (i) aggregation of cell organelles in seawater and (ii) protection from bacterial contamination for successful protoplast regeneration. The BLAST search result showed that Bryohealin had little sequence homology with any known plant lectins, but rather resembled animal lectins with fucolectin domains. The expression of recombinant Bryohealin (rBryohealin) was obtained in the Escherichia coli system.     

Identification of the human papillomavirus type 6b L1 open reading frame protein in condylomas and corresponding antibodies in human sera.

Genital warts (condylomata acuminata) are among the most frequent sexually transmitted infections. Human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV-6), which is etiologically related to a majority of these lesions, has not been propagated in tissue culture. We generated two forms of HPV-6 viral antigens: a chemically synthesized oligopeptide (referred to as the C-terminal synthetic peptide) corresponding to residues 482 to 495 of the 500-amino-acid-long L1 open reading frame (ORF), and a bacterially expressed 54-kilodalton (kDa) fusion protein containing the N-terminal 13 amino acids encoded by the lambda bacteriophage cII gene followed by one vector-insert junctional residue and 462 amino acids of the L1 ORF sequence (residues 39 to 500). The cII-L1 fusion protein was specifically recognized by an antipeptide serum directed against the N-terminal 13 amino acids derived from the cII gene, an antiserum raised against the C-terminal synthetic peptide, and a genus-specific serum prepared by immunization with disrupted viral capsids. The 54-kDa fusion protein was purified, and the sequence of its first 36 amino acids was determined and found to be as predicted by the DNA sequence. Both the genus-specific anticapsid serum and the antiserum raised against the fusion protein identified authentic L1 ORF proteins in HPV-1-induced (58 kDa) and HPV-6/11-induced (56 kDa) papillomas. The synthetic peptide antiserum recognized the 56- to 58-kDa protein in HPV-6-induced warts, but not in HPV-1- or HPV-11-infected specimens. Using the fusion protein as antigen in immunoassays, we were able to detect the corresponding antibodies in human sera.     

Purification and characterization of a lectin,BPL-3, from the marine green alga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bryopsis plumosa</Emphasis>

A novel lectin was isolated and characterized from Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) Agardh and named BPL-3. This lectin showed specificity to N-acetyl-d-galactosamine as well as N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and agglutinated human erythrocytes of all blood types, showing slight preference to the type A. SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS data showed that BPL-3 was a monomeric protein with molecular weight of 11.5 kDa. BPL-3 was a non-glycoprotein with pI value of ∼7.0. It was stable in high temperatures up to 70°C and exhibited optimum activity in pH 5.5–10. The N-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the lectin were determined by Edman degradation and enzymatic digestion, which showed no sequence homology to any other reported proteins. The full sequence of the cDNA encoding this lectin was obtained from PCR using cDNA library, and the degenerate primers were designed from the N-terminal amino acid sequence. The size of the cDNA was 622 bp containing single ORF encoding the lectin precursor. This lectin showed the same sugar specificity to previously reported lectin, Bryohealin, involved in protoplast regeneration of B. plumosa. However, the amino acid sequences of the two lectins were completely different. The homology analysis of the full cDNA sequence of BPL-3 showed that it might belong to H lectin group, which was originally isolated from Roman snails.     

Isolation and characterization of a new mannose-binding lectin gene from<Emphasis Type="Italic">Taxus media</Emphasis>

In this paper, we report the cloning and characterization of the first mannose-binding lectin gene from a gymnosperm plant species,Taxus media. The full-length cDNA ofT. media agglutinin (TMA) consisted of 676 bp and contained a 432 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 144 amino acid protein. Comparative analysis showed that TMA had high homology with many previously reported plant mannose-binding lectins and thattma encoded a precursor lectin with a 26-aa signal peptide. Molecular modelling revealed that TMA was a new mannosebinding lectin with three typical mannose-binding boxes like lectins from species of angiosperms. Tissue expression pattern analyses revealed thattma is expressed in a tissue-specific manner in leaves and stems, but not in fruits and roots. Phylogenetic tree analyses showed that TMA belonged to the structurally and evolutionarily closely related monocot mannose-binding lectin superfamily. This study provides useful information to understand the molecular evolution of plant lectins.     

Amino acid sequence of beta-galactoside-binding bovine heart lectin. Member of a novel class of vertebrate proteins

A variety of animal tissues contain beta-galactoside-binding lectins with molecular masses in the range 13-17 kDa. There is evidence that these lectins may constitute a new protein family although their function in vivo is not yet clear. In this work the major part of the amino acid sequence of the 13 kDa lectin from bovine heart muscle has been determined. Comparison of this sequence with the cDNA-deduced sequence published for the chick embryo skin lectin showed 58% homology. Comparison of the bovine lectin sequence with partial sequences from two cDNA clones from a human hepatoma library and partial amino acid sequences of human lung lectin showed 70, 40 and 85% homology, respectively. The sequences of these vertebrate lectins are thus clearly related, supporting earlier results of immunological cross-reactivity within this group of proteins. Computer searching of protein sequence databases did not detect significant homologies between the bovine lectin sequence and other known proteins.     

Cloning and molecular characterization of a novel lectin gene from Pinellia ternata

The full-length cDNA of Pinellia ternata agglutinin (PTA) was cloned from inflorescences using RACE-PCR. Through comparative analysis of PTA gene (pta) and its deduced amino acid sequence with those of other Araceae species, pta was found to encode a precursor lectin with signal peptide and to have extensive homology with those of other Araceae species. PTA was a heterotetrameric mannose-binding lectin with three mannose-binding boxes like lectins from other Araceae and Amaryllidaceae species. Southern blot analysis of the genomic DNA revealed that pta belonged to a low-copy gene family. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that pta constitutively expressed in various plant tissues including root, leaf, stem and inflorescence. The pta cDNA sequence encoding for mature PTA protein was cloned into pET-32a plasmid and the resulting plasmid, pET-32a-PTA containing Trx-PTA fusion protein, was investigated for the expression in E. coli BL21. SDS-PAGE gel analysis showed that the Trx-PTA fusion protein was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 when induced by IPTG. Artificial diet assay revealed that PTA fusion protein had significant levels of resistance against peach potato aphids when incorporated into artificial diet at 0.1% (w/v). The cloning of the pta gene will enable us to further test its effect in depth on aphids by transferring the gene into crop plants.     

Isolation, sequence, and expression in Escherichia coli of the Pseudomonas sp. strain ACP gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase.

Pseudomonas sp. strain ACP is capable of growth on 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) as a nitrogen source owing to induction of the enzyme ACC deaminase and the subsequent conversion of ACC to alpha-ketobutyrate and ammonia (M. Honma, Agric. Biol. Chem. 49:567-571, 1985). The complete amino acid sequence of purified ACC deaminase was determined, and the sequence information was used to clone the ACC deaminase gene from a 6-kb EcoRI fragment of Pseudomonas sp. strain ACP DNA. DNA sequence analysis of an EcoRI-PstI subclone demonstrated an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide with a deduced amino acid sequence identical to the protein sequence determined chemically and a predicted molecular mass of 36,674 Da. The ORF also contained an additional 72 bp of upstream sequence not predicted by the amino acid sequence. Escherichia coli minicells containing the 6-kb clone expressed a major polypeptide of the size expected for ACC deaminase which was reactive with ACC deaminase antiserum. Furthermore, a lacZ fusion with the ACC deaminase ORF resulted in the expression of active enzyme in E. coli. ACC is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene in plants, and the use of the ACC deaminase gene to manipulate this pathway is discussed.     

The gene for stinging nettle lectin (Urtica dioica agglutinin) encodes both a lectin and a chitinase.

Chitin-binding proteins are present in a wide range of plant species, including both monocots and dicots, even though these plants contain no chitin. To investigate the relationship between in vitro antifungal and insecticidal activities of chitin-binding proteins and their unknown endogenous functions, the stinging nettle lectin (Urtica dioica agglutinin, UDA) cDNA was cloned using a synthetic gene as the probe. The nettle lectin cDNA clone contained an open reading frame encoding 374 amino acids. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed a 21-amino acid putative signal sequence and the 86 amino acids encoding the two chitin-binding domains of nettle lectin. These domains were fused to a 19-amino acid "spacer" domain and a 244-amino acid carboxyl extension with partial identity to a chitinase catalytic domain. The authenticity of the cDNA clone was confirmed by deduced amino acid sequence identity with sequence data obtained from tryptic digests, RNA gel blot, and polymerase chain reaction analyses. RNA gel blot analysis also showed the nettle lectin message was present primarily in rhizomes and inflorescence (with immature seeds) but not in leaves or stems. Chitinase enzymatic activity was found when the chitinase-like domain alone or the chitinase-like domain with the chitin-binding domains were expressed in Escherichia coli. This is the first example of a chitin-binding protein with both a duplication of the 43-amino acid chitin-binding domain and a fusion of the chitin-binding domains to a structurally unrelated domain, the chitinase domain.