共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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网柄细胞状黏菌(简称网柄菌)是黏菌的第二大类群,对其生态特征的研究有助于深入了解这类生物适宜的生存条件和人类活动的影响。本文回顾了1869年至今的网柄菌生态学研究历史,从地理因素、植被因素、生物因素三个角度,探讨了影响网柄菌物种丰度和多度的生态因素,从而为土壤及凋落物中黏菌的物种多样性保护提供参考。 相似文献
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本文研究了网柄细胞状黏菌中国新记录种硬基网柄菌Dictyostelium firmibasis从孢子-黏变形体-细胞集群-假原质团-成熟孢堆果的无性生活循环过程。结果表明:该种细胞状黏菌孢子萌发至少需要8h,孢子萌发释放出具有不规则形状的黏变形体,黏变形体无色并进行不规则的高速运动;黏变形体细胞集群为典型的辐射状;孢堆果对光极为敏感,在成熟发育期微弱的光刺激便会导致子实体生长畸形或停止生长并死亡;从集群开始形成到孢堆果成熟持续约12-14h,完成一个完整的生活史循环约需36-38h。 相似文献
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网柄细胞状黏菌是一类介于植物和动物之间的原生生物。尽管形态微小,但因为同时具有动物细胞和植物细胞的特点,且生命周期短暂易重复,故而对其进行生物学特性及应用的研究具有重要价值。本文从网柄细胞状黏菌的生活史循环、生物学特性、生态多样性、在医学和药物领域的探索及其与其他微生物关系等5个方面探讨网柄细胞状黏菌的生物学特性及应用的研究进展及意义,展望网柄细胞状黏菌未来在医学和生态等方面的研究前景及其潜在的应用价值,旨在为我国网柄细胞状黏菌同其他领域的交叉研究相结合提供视野,探索其在促进人类的科学进步、改善生活环境及攻克疾病方面的作用及意义。 相似文献
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The distribution of eleven dictyostelid cellular slime molds found in Norway was studied. They were divided into four groups according to their dominance. In decreasing order the groups were: (1) two varieties of Dictyostelium mucoroides , (2) D. aureostipes and Polysphondylium violaceum , (3) D. fasciculatum, D. minutum, P. pallidum and Dictyostelium sp. 1, and (4) Dictyostelium sp. 2 and 3 and Acytostelium lep–tosomum. Differences in distribution related to altitudes and latitudes, climates and dominant tree species were observed for some species. 相似文献
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Hannah Bonsey Suthers 《Oecologia》1985,65(4):526-530
Cosmopolitan species of cellular slime molds occur continents apart in both tropical and temperate zones of the world though the spore masses are too heavy to be wind borne, and water dispersal is limited to the watercourses. A highly mobile distribution vector was found in ground-feeding migratory song birds. Nine ubiquitous species and 2 ecologicially distinct species of dictyostelid cellular slime molds were isolated from the feces of ground-feeding eastern North American migratory thrushes, finches, sparrows and warblers, both on breeding and winter grounds. Three propagules of slime molds, amoebae, spores and macrocysts survive passage through the avian digesive tract and remain in the gut long enough to be transported by major bird migrations. Habitats with the greates species diversity of both cellular slime molds and ground-feeding passerines concur in both eastern North America and Central America. Birds actively seek their prefered habitats; the cellular slime molds have arrived at these habitats as passengers. Rare slime molds can serve as a marker to the habitats that migratory birds have visited, or birds with known habitats can provide clues as to the distribution of rare species of cellular slime molds. 相似文献
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Ten different species of dictyostelid cellular slime molds were found in Norway, namely Dictyostelium mucoroides Brefeld, D. sp. 1, D. sp. 2, D. aureo–stipes Cavender, Raper & Quinlan, D. fasckulatum Traub, Hohl & Cavender, D. sp. 3, D. minutum Raper, Polysphondylium violaceum Brefeld, P. pallidum Olive and Acylo–stelium leptosomum Raper & Quinlan. D. mucoroides included two varieties, D. sp. 1 and D. sp. 2 are probably related to D. septentrionalis Cavender and D. sphaerocephalum (Oud.) Sacc. & March respectively and D. sp. 3 is probably a new species.
Two different spore types, characterized by the presence or absence of ribosomes on the outer mitochondrial membranes, were revealed by transmission electron microscopic studies. This property was related to other properties such as the presence or absence of polar spore granules (PG) and the aggregative responses of the amoebae towards cAMP. 相似文献
Two different spore types, characterized by the presence or absence of ribosomes on the outer mitochondrial membranes, were revealed by transmission electron microscopic studies. This property was related to other properties such as the presence or absence of polar spore granules (PG) and the aggregative responses of the amoebae towards cAMP. 相似文献
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《Fungal Biology Reviews》2020,34(4):170-177
Dictyostelid cellular slime molds are a ubiquitous component of most soils, where they feed upon bacteria and other microbes and thus play an essential role in the soil ecosystem. Herein we review the available literature on dictyostelid cellular slime molds in China, especially their diversity and ecology. The patterns of distribution for these organisms in relation to the different habitats with which they are associated are analyzed and discussed. In addition, the assemblages of dictyostelids reported from China and the United States were compared. The CC value obtained (0.48) indicates that China and the United States are perhaps less similar than might be expected. Our data point out the need for further studies to characterize more completely the assemblages of dictyostelids associated with particular vegetation types or particular regions throughout the world. 相似文献
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Taxonomic treatments often influence the way we both ask and attempt to answer certain biological questions. The classical taxonomy of the dictyostelid cellular slime molds (Dictyosteliales) involves a convenient set of categories that were developed independent of phylogeny. In order to test whether the characters supporting the classical taxonomy hold any phylogenetic signal, we subjected 19 described taxa belonging to two families (Acytosteliaceae and Dictyosteliaceae) and three genera (Acytostelium, Dictyostelium, and Polysphondylium) to rooted cladistic analyses using PAUP* v 4.0b4a. Neither family nor any of the three genera were found to represent monophyletic groups. These results confirm that the classical taxonomy used to delineate families and genera within these slime molds carries very little phylogenetic signal. Taxonomic character sets should be scrutinized phylogenetically in order to determine what information they provide about the relatedness of taxa within a group. Because taxonomy often drives the nature of biological inquiry, caution should be exercised when drawing conclusions regarding the evolution of developmental systems in Dictyostelium. 相似文献
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The complexity of cyclic GMP-binding activity in the 48,000 X g supernatant of three species of the cellular slime molds (Dictyostelium discoideum, Dictyostelium rosarium, and Polysphondylium violaceum) was studied by gel filtration chromatography on AcA 34 Ultrogel. All these species have in common a cyclic GMP-binding protein of molecular weight of about 2.5 X 10(5) which specifically binds this nucleotide. In addition, Scatchard plots of assays carried out with the 48,000 X g supernatant of these species exhibit cyclic GMP-binding activity with an apparent dissociation constant of about 1 nM. None of the cyclic GMP-binding proteins separated by chromatography on AcA 34 Ultrogel was associated to protein kinase activity stimulation. In view of the cyclic GMP function during chemotactic transduction in the cellular slime molds, the possible molecular function for this 2.5 X 10(5)-dalton cyclic GMP-binding protein is discussed. 相似文献