人3型副流感病毒疫苗的研究进展

人3型副流感病毒是一种主要感染人类肺部上皮细胞的副黏病毒,可引起肺炎和支气管炎,在婴幼儿和免疫力低下的成人中有较高的发病率。经过多年的研究,对人3型副流感病毒疫苗的研究取得了重要的进展,但还没有有效的抗病毒药物和批准的疫苗上市。目前研究主要集中在减毒活疫苗及亚单位疫苗等,对人3型副流感病毒当前疫苗的研究情况做简要的综述。     

减毒沙门氏菌为载体在Vero细胞中表达新城疫病毒融合蛋白

RT PCR扩增了新城疫病毒 (NDV)F4 8E9株的融合蛋白 (F)基因并插入到 pcDNA3的CMV启动子下游 ,构建成真核表达质粒pcDNA3 F ,高压电转化dam和 phoP基因双突变株减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 (ZJ111株 ) ,并直接感染Vero细胞 ,分别提取细胞总DNA和总RNA ,DIG标记探针均可检测到阳性杂交信号。FITC标记的羊抗鸡IgG进行间接免疫荧光试验 ,可检测到特异性的黄绿色荧光。ELISA检测F蛋白结果表明 ,转染后 4 8h开始表达 ,随后逐渐增多。SDS PAGE和Western印迹可检测到 5 5kD的蛋白质条带。上述试验结果证实减毒沙门氏菌不仅可将目的基因呈递给Vero细胞 ,而且还得到了转录和表达 ,表达的F蛋白具有免疫反应性 ,为研制减毒沙门氏菌为载体的口服NDVDNA疫苗创造了条件。     

Some Properties of Transglycosylation Activity of Sesame β-Glucosidase

The transglycosylation reaction of partially purified β-glucosidase from sesame seeds with cellobiose is described. Sesame β –glucosidase was partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and gel filtration. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 200,000 by gel filtration. Sesame β-glucosidase showed strong transfer activity to synthesize the trisaccharide from cellobiose. The optimum pH and temperature of the transglycosylation reaction were pH 4.0 and 60°C.     

二烯丙基二硫诱导人白血病K562 细胞凋亡及其对Bax、Bag-1表达的影响

目的:探讨二烯丙基二硫(Diallyl disulfide)诱导白血病K562细胞凋亡的作用及其机制。方法:采用吖啶橙/溴化乙啶(AO/EB)染色法观察细胞凋亡形态学变化;DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳测定DNA梯度带;RT-PCR法检测BAG-1、BAX基因的mRNA表达变化。结果:DADS可诱导K562细胞凋亡。其对K562细胞的凋亡效用与药物浓度、有明显依赖关系;DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳示:40mg/LDADS作用K562细胞48小时后能够产生明显的梯形电泳图谱(DNA ladder):DADS作用48h后,BAX mRNA表达水平较对照组上调;BAG-1 mRNA较对照组下调(差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05)。结论:DADS能够诱导K562细胞凋亡,其凋亡机制可能与上调BAX,下调BAG-1有关。     

Induction of G2/M phase arrest by squamocin in chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) cells

Squamocin is one of the annonaceous acetogenins and has been reported to have anticancer activity. Squamocin was found to inhibit the growth of K562 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis showed G2/M phase arrest in K562 cells following 24 h exposure to squamocin. During the G2/M arrest, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs), p21 and p27 were increased in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of the cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that squamocin did not change the steady-state levels of Cdk2, Cdk4, cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D3 and cyclin E, but decreased the protein levels of Cdk1 and Cdc25C. These results suggest that squamocin inhibits the proliferation of K562 cells via G2/M arrest in association with the induction of p21, p27 and the reduction of Cdk1 and Cdc25C kinase activities.     

Induction of G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by a novel enediyne derivative, THDA, in chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) cells

We studied the effect of 2-(6-(2-thieanisyl)-3(Z)-hexen-1,5-diynyl)aniline(THDA), a newly developed anti-cancer agent, on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and induction of apoptosis in K562 cells. THDA was found to inhibit the growth of K562 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis showed G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in K562 cells following 24 h exposure to THDA. During the G2/M arrest, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs), p21 and p27 were increased in a time-dependent manner. Analysis of the cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that THDA did not change the steady-state levels of cyclin B1, cyclin D3 and Cdc25C, but decreased the protein levels of Cdk1, Cdk2 and cyclin A. THDA also caused a marked increase in apoptosis, which was associated with activation of caspase-3 and proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. These molecular alterations provide an insight into THDA-caused growth inhibition, G2/M arrest and apoptotic death of K562 cells.     

芯片杂交中荧光标记样品定量与非定量的比较研究

比较在芯片杂交中,荧光标记样品定量与非定量对杂交结果的影响。其方法是,提取经As2O3作用K562细胞前后的总RNA,逆转录成cDNA第一链,并分别用Cy3／Cy5标记。标记后的样品再次定量或不定量,但均取相同体积上样与K562芯片杂交,用扫描仪扫描并分析。其结果,标记后样品定量与不定量杂交的结果都与理论推测一致,但以样品定量进行杂交的效果更好,标记样品杂交前再次定量的,分析发现2个基因表达下调;杂交前不定量仅取相同体积进行杂交的,发现6个基因片段表达下调,其中只有2个基因与细胞凋亡通路密切相关。认为在芯片的杂交检测中,对荧光标记样品杂交前再次定量可大大提高杂交结果的可靠性。     

人SPRED2 基因重组腺病毒载体的制备及其对K562 细胞

目的:构建携带SPRED2的质粒载体与重组腺病毒载体,并观察其在K562细胞的表达及对ERK信号通路的作用,为Spred2在造血细胞中的作用的研究奠定基础。方法:以HepG2细胞cDNA为模板,RT-PCR克隆SPRED2全长CDS序列,并亚克隆到pCDNA3.0和pshuttle-CMV质粒载体,构建携带SPRED2的真核表达载体pCDNA3.0-Spred2与穿梭载体pshuttle-CMV-Spred2;将线性化pshuttle-CMV-Spred2与腺病毒骨架质粒Adf11p在感受态细胞BJ5183中进行同源重组,产生重组质粒Adf11p-Spred2;后者经线性化后转染至HEK293细胞进行病毒包装;在HEK293细胞扩增病毒颗粒,以CsCl密度梯度离心法进行纯化,TCID50法测定病毒滴度;将病毒颗粒以100MOI感染K562细胞,Western blot检测Spred2过表达情况及Spred2对细胞ERK的影响。结果:经酶切、DNA测序、Western blot检测等方法鉴定,证明pCDNA3.0-Spred2与Adf11p-Spred2携带Spred2序列正确,能够在HEK293细胞、K562细胞正确表达,Spred2过表达能够显著抑制K562细胞ERK活性。结论:成功构建对K562细胞有高感染效率的SPRED2重组腺病毒载体,且Spred2对K562细胞ERK信号通路有显著抑制作用。     

Reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer cells by Rhizoma Alismatis extract

Prolonged chemotherapy may lead to the selective proliferation of multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. In MDR HepG2-DR and K562-DR cells that over-expressed P-glycoprotein (Pgp), the extract of the rhizomes of Alisma orientalis (Sam) Juzep. showed a synergistic growth inhibitory effect with cancer drugs that are Pgp substrates including actinomycin D, puromycin, paclitaxel, vinblastine and doxorubicin. At the same toxicity levels the herbal extract was more effective than verapamil, a standard Pgp inhibitor, in enhancing cellular doxorubicin accumulation and preventing the efflux of rhodamin-123 from the MDR cells. The extract restored the effect of vinblastine on the induction of G(2)/M arrest in MDR cells. Our data suggest that A. orientalis may contain components that are effective inhibitors of Pgp.     

Adriamycin resistance is characterized by ultrastructural changes in human leukaemic K562 cells in vitro.

Ultrastructural changes associated with adriamycin (ADM) resistance have been investigated in the human K562 leukaemic cell line: sensitive K562 cells, a resistant subline cultured in the continuous presence of ADM and resistant cells without ADM Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study revealed that K562-resistant cells displayed ultrastructural modifications of the cell surface, chromatin and nucleolus conformation. Alterations were not directly related to the presence of adriamycin as deprivated cells exhibited modificated characters through a slow progressive recovery phenomenon.     

2beta,3beta-Difluorosialic acid derivatives structurally modified at the C-4 position: synthesis and biological evaluation as inhibitors of human parainfluenza virus type 1

A series of 4-O-substituted 2beta,3beta-difluorosialic acid derivatives (3a-d) has been synthesized. A key intermediate was synthesized efficiently by the electrophilic syn-addition of fluorine to the double bond of a glycal precursor using molecular fluorine or xenon difluoride in the presence of BF(3).OEt(2). Among compounds 3a-d, the 4-O-thiocarbamoylmethyl derivative 3c showed the most potent inhibitory activity against sialidase of human parainfluenza virus type 1. [structure: see text].     

基于T7启动子表达系统的牛副流感病毒3型微型基因组的构建与拯救

【目的】通过负链RNA病毒反向遗传学操作,构建并拯救以T7启动子表达系统为基础的牛副流感病毒3型(Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3,BPIV3)微型基因组。【方法】分别构建表达该病毒NP、P和L蛋白的辅助质粒px8δT-PT1-b PIV3-NP、px8δT-PT1-b PIV3-P和px8δT-PT1-b PIV3-L以及含增强型绿色荧光蛋白(Enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP)开放读码框(Open reading frame,ORF)、BPIV3前导序列(Leader region)、转录起始信号(Gene start signal,GS)、转录终止信号(Gene end signal,GE)和尾随序列(Trailer region)等顺式作用元件(Cis-acting elements)的微型基因组质粒p SC11-b PIV3-EGFP,鉴定正确后,采用2种不同方法拯救BPIV3微型基因组,并通过观察荧光表达情况判断是否拯救成功。【结果】成功构建了基于T7启动子表达系统的BPIV3微型基因组,并实现了拯救。【结论】该系统的成功构建,有助于今后对BPIV3开展基因修饰研究。