河南固始早石炭世杨山组植物群

系统描述了扬山组植物18属25种,其中以石松类及种子蕨和真蕨纲为主,仅少数属楔叶纲;石松类中发现不少叶座较小,叶痕相对较大的鳞木类植物,颇似华夏植物群中的鳞木类;首次报道了我国发现的古芦木孢囊穗.据对植物群综合分析,杨山组的时代为早石炭世中晚期.     

Early Carboniferous Flora in Southeastern Henan

The fossil plants described and illustrated were collected from the Yangshan Formation in Shangcheng and Gushi districts of southeastern part of Henan Province, namely, Lepidodendron cf. aolungpylukense Sze, L. shanyangense Wu et He, L. . cf. subrhombicum Gu et Zhi, L. sp. a, L. sp. b, Bothrodendron sp. a, B. sp. b, Lepidostrobus ? sp., Stigmaria ficoides (Sternberg) Brongniart, Archaeocalamites scrobiculatus (Schlotheim) Seward, Cardiopteridium spetsbergense Nathorst, Triph yllopteris ? sp., Rhodeopteridium hsianghsiangense (Sze) Zhang, Zhao et Wu, Paripteris cf. pseudogigantea (Potonie) Gothan, P. ? sp., Cordaites schenkii Halle, Cardiocarpus cordai (Geinitz) Gu et Zhi and Carpolithus sp., including 18 species in 11 genera. They belonged to Lycopsida, Sphenopsida, Filices, Pteridospermopsida, Cordaitopsida and Semina Gymnospermarum respectively , in which Lepidophytic plants of Lycopsida were the dominanance. The Yangshan Formation flora contains some typical Early Carboniferous elements, such as Archaeocalamites scrobiculatus, Cardiopteridium spetsbergense and Rhodeopteridium hsianghsiangense, which were fairly common from Visean to early Namurian; however, it also includes certain lepidophytic plants of the Cathaysian type, such as Lepidodendron cf. aolungpylukense, L. shanyangense and L. cf. subrhombicum, etc. On the basis of the floral composition, the geological age of the Yangshan Formation flora belonged to the late Early Carboniferous epoch, corresponding approximately to late Visean to early Namurian A. The present flora could be compared with contemporaneous floras from eastern Gansu, Shanyang of Shaanxi, South China and western Malaysia, which was closest to the Shanyang flora. In addition, the authors also discussed the distribution of late Early Carboniferous floras in other parts of the world.     

Lower Cretaceous Plants from Pingquan,Hebei Province and Beijing,China

The present paper describes the fossil plains found from Pingquan district, northern Hebei and Beijing. Those were collected from the Jiufotang formation of Pingquan include the following species: Acanthopteris gothani Sze, Acrostichopteris pingquan- ensis sp. nov., Acrostichopteris sp., Cladophlebis serrulata Samylina, Cladophlebis sp., Neozamites denticulatus (Kry. et Pry.) Vachrameev, Baiera gracilis Bunbury, whereas those were obtained from the Xinzhuang formation and Lushangfen formation of Tuoli group of Beijing are Condopteris bur ejensis (Zalessky) Seward, Onychiopsis elongata (Geyler) Yokoyama, Acrostichopteris sp., Ginkgo sibirica Heer and Podoza. mites rcinii Geyler. Thus, these formation (Jiufotang, Xinzhuang and Lushangfen) are believed to be of Early Cretaceous age.     

The Cuticles of Two Fossil Cycads and Epiphytic Fungi

Cuticles of two fossil cycads and seven epiphytic fungi are described in this paper. They are Nilssonia sinensis Yabe et Oishi, Ctenis lyrata Li et Ye; Perisporiacites shaheziensis sp. nov., Notothyrites haizhouensis sp. nov., Microthyriacites pilcatus sp. nov., M. fuxinensis sp. nov., Stigmateacites polymorphus gen. et sp. nov., S. simplex gen. et sp. nov., Liaoningnema multinoda gen. et sp. nov. Materials were collected from the Shahezi Formation of Changtu district and the Haizhou Formation in Haizhou mine-field of Li- aoning Province, China. The age of these tossils is Early Cretaceous.     

内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统山西组4,5号煤层底板植物群研究北大核心CSCD

基于对内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统山西组4,5号煤层底板的野外工作,系统采集、鉴定植物化石18属26种,其中以华夏植物群的特有属种或常见分子占绝对优势。沉积环境及植物古生态学分析表明,5号煤底板植物群主要由Lepidodendron posthumii Jongm. and Goth.和Cathaysiodendron cf.incertum(Sze and Lee) Lee等组成,代表了三角洲平原上碎屑沼泽植被景观。4号煤底板植物群主要由成煤沼泽植物和碎屑沼泽植物混合而成,原位埋藏的Stigmaria ficoides(Sternb.) Brongn.为成煤沼泽植被类群,代表了上覆4号煤的成煤植物;由Tingia carbonica(Schenk) Halle和Pecopteris arborescens(Schloth.) Sternb.等组成的碎屑沼泽植被类群,代表了三角洲平原上的碎屑沼泽植被景观。综合相关研究资料和当前植物化石分析表明,煤层底板植物群主要代表了地质历史时期中的湿地植被,按照其与形成上覆煤层植物之间的关系可主要分为:上覆煤层形成初期的泥炭沼泽植物群、与成煤作用无关的碎屑沼泽植物群和两者的混合类型。底板植物群的深入研究必须要结合沉积岩石学、地层学以及埋藏学的分析。当前研究显示乌达地区早二叠世沉积时期,湿地植被组成较为稳定,其中石松类植物一直都是重要的成煤泥炭沼泽植被类型;碎屑沼泽植被与成煤沼泽植被多数情况下成分类似,仅存在种一级别的差异。     

The Middle Jurassic flora from Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK

The Stonesfield 'Slate' of Oxfordshire has yielded a diverse Middle Jurassic flora, containing 25 morphospecies, dominated by remains of araucariacean and cheirolepidiacean conifers, bennettitaleans, and leaves of the possible gymnosperm Pelourdea . It mainly represents coastal vegetation, which included mangrove-like stands of Ptilophyllum , and conifers probably growing in lowland coastal habitats that were subjected to periodic water-stress. The Pelourdea leaves may have drifted in from drier, more upland habitats. The flora is similar, but not identical to, the slightly older floras from the Cotswold 'Slate' of Gloucestershire, such as from Eyeford and Sevenhampton. Also comparable are the contemporaneous floras preserved in marine deposits in France and the Venetian Alps of Italy. It is quite different from the Middle Jurassic flora of Yorkshire, which is thought to represent vegetation growing in deltaic habitats. The new combinations Ptilophyllum pectiniformis (Sternberg), Komlopteris speciosa (Ettingshausen) and Pachypteris macrophylla (Brongniart) are proposed for species found at Stonesfield. Nilssoniopteris solitarium (Phillips) comb. nov. is proposed for the species previously named Nilssoniopteris vittata (Brongniart). Taeniopteris vittata Brongniart is retained as the type species of Taeniopteris , a morphogenus to be used for entire cycadophyte leaves that cannot be definitely assigned to the cycads or bennettitaleans. Conites is shown to be an earlier nomenclatural synonym of Bucklandia , to be used for casts and compressions of cycadophyte stems. This requires a number of new combinations for species that have hitherto been included in Bucklandia : Conites anomala (Stokes and Webb), C. gigas (Seward), C. indica (Seward), C. milleriana (Carruthers), C. pustulosa (Harris) and C. yatesii (Carruthers).     

Leaf morphology and cuticular features of Sphenophyllum in the Gigantopteris flora from South China

Permian specimens of Sphenophyllum with preserved cuticular anatomy have been discovered in Cathaysia and have prompted a detailed re-evaluation of the genus in the Gigantopteris flora in South China. New specimens are described and previously published material is re-examined to clarify taxonomic diversity and to establish geographic and stratigraphic ranges for each species. Recognized taxa include Sphenophyllum apiciserratum sp. nov., S. koboense Kobatake, S. meridionale sp. nov., S. minor (Sterzel) Gu and Zhi, S. sinocoreanum Yabe, S. cf. sinocoreanum Yabe, and S. aff. speciosum (Royle) McClelland. Cuticles of Sphenophyllum apiciserratum and S. koboense are hypostomatic with randomly disposed ordinary cells in intercostal regions. Specific concepts are clarified and unresolved taxonomic problems are discussed. The South China taxa are compared with those from Euramerican, Gondwanan and Angaran floras, and the South China Cathaysian species are found to be taxonomically distinct.     

Some Fossil Plants from Gutian Formation of Lianyang,Guangdong Province and Their Significance

This paper deals with the fossil plants from Gutian Formation in Lianyang, Guangdong, totaling 14 genera and 18 species. They are: Paracalamites sp., Annularia pinglogensis (Sze) Gu et Zhi, Lobatannularia cathaysiana Yao, L. Multifolia Kon’on et Asama, L. sp., Schizoneura wangtangiana sp. nov., Pecopteris hemitelioides Brongn., P. valida sp. nov., Cladophlebis vavia sp. nov., Danaeites guangdongensis sp. nov., Ptychocarpus unauriculatus sp. nov., Odontopteris plicatoides sp. nov., Neuropteridiopsis longovata gen. et sp. nov., Compsopteris contracta Gu et Zhi, Gigantonoclea crassa sp. nov., Gigantopteris ?nicotianaefolia Schenk, G. parvipinnulata sp. nov. and Rhipidopsis sp. Among them one new genus, 9 new spp. and 2 undetermined spp. are described. According to the fusulinids lived in the late Early Permian era are descovered at the top of this Formation, the geological era of present flora must not be later than late Early Permian. Therefore, the geological era of Gutian Formation are certain to be the Late Early Permian.     

广东连阳谷田组植物化石及其意义

本文描述和讨论广东连阳地区谷田组地层的化石共14属18种,即:Paracalamites sp.,Annularia pingloensis(Sze)Gu er Zhi、Lobatannularia cathaysiana Yao、L.multifoliaKon'on et Asama、L.sp.、Schizonerua wangtangiana sp.nov.、Pecopteris hemitelioidesBrongn.、P.valida sp.nov.、Cladophlebis varia sp.nov.、Danaeites guangdongensis sp.nov.、Ptychocarpus unauriculatus sp.nov.、Odontopteris plicatoides sp.nov.、Neuropteri-diopsis longovata gen.et sp.nov.、Compsopteris contracta Gu et Zhi、Gigantonoclea cra-ssa sp.nov.、Gigantopterts?nicotianaefolia Schenk、G.parvipinnulata sp.nov.和 Rhipido-psis sp.等,其中有1新属、9新种和2未定种。谷田组顶部发现了早二叠世晚期的(竹蜓)类层,下段则与下伏的茅口组假整合。植物群的地质时代为早二叠世晚期。     

An Early Jurassic flora from the Clarence-Moreton Basin, Australia

A low-diversity Early Jurassic flora preserved in floodbasin siltstones of the Marburg Subgroup at Inverleigh Quarry in the Clarence-Moreton Basin, eastern Australia, is dominated by Allocladus helgei Jansson sp. nov., a conifer with denticulate leaves tentatively attributed to Araucariaceae. The assemblage also includes Rintoulia variabilis and Caytoniales, (Caytonia cucullata McLoughlin sp. nov. and cf. Sagenopteris nilssoniana), reinforcing the wide distribution of this order in Early to Middle Jurassic floras of Gondwana. Ferns (Cladophlebis and Sphenopteris species) and isoetalean lycophytes (Isoetites sp.) constitute the herbaceous elements of the flora. The palynoflora is dominated by cheirolepidiacean (Classopollis) pollen and is attributable to the upper part of the Corollina (= Classopollis) torosa Zone of late Pliensbachian–early Toarcian age (180–185 Ma). The Inverleigh flora represents one of the few Australian assemblages dated between the major phases of floristic turnover at the end of the Triassic and the Toarcian. Sedimentological characteristics, cuticular features of the conifer leaves and the abundance of free-sporing plants indicate a relatively humid palaeoclimate for the Clarence-Moreton Basin Early Jurassic.     

甘肃靖远、景泰早石炭世维宪期植物群

祁连山和河西走廊区石炭纪地层发育,动植物化石丰富,是研究我国海陆交互相石炭系的重要地区。臭牛沟组系袁复礼(1925)所建,标准地点在甘肃武威西南35km的臭牛沟,据其中的腕足类和珊瑚化石的研究,确定其时代为早石炭世维宪期(Visean)。研究材料来自甘肃景泰和靖远的早石炭世臭牛沟组,这里的臭牛沟组厚约120m左右,由泥质页岩夹煤线、粉砂岩及薄层泥灰岩、灰岩组成,为潮间潟湖相至滨海沼泽相及泥炭沼泽相沉积。含丰富的植物化石,主要分子有Sublepidodendron sp. , Lepidodendronciyaoense sp. nov. , Lepjingyuanense sp.nov. , Lepidodendron volkmannianum , Lep. gansuense sp. nov. , Lep. shanyangense, Lep. cf. aolungpulukense,Lep. sp. 1, Lep. sp. 2, Cathaysiodendron jingyuanense, C. cf. incertum, Stigmaria ficoides, Lepidostrobophyllum cf. lanceolatum, L. rotundi folium sp. nov., Lepidostrobus sp. 1, L. sp. 2, Bothrodendron ruchengense, Archaeocalamites scrobiculatus , Hamatophyton uerticillatum , Cardiopteridium spetsbergense , C. podozamioides,Triphyllopteris collombiana , Triphyllopteris sp. ( cf. T. lescuriana Lesquereux), Rhacopteris sp. , Adiantites gothanii, Sphenopteris sp. 1, Sphenopteris sp. 2, Rhodeopteridium hsianghsiangense, R. cf. hsianghsiangense,R. cf. chinghaiense, Rhodeopteridium sp. (cf. R. lipoldi) , Paripteris gigantea , P. cardiopteroides, Linopteris sp. , Codonospermum sp. , Trigonocarpus spp. , Cardiocarpus cordai, Cordaites sp. (cf. C. schenkii Halle) 。其下伏地层前黑山组中有菊石Kazakhstania sp．,为下石炭统底部Gattendor fia带分子,其余还有孢子化石、腕足类和植物,表明为杜内期沉积;而上覆地层靖远组底部有牙形石Gnathodus bilineatus bollandensis,G．bilineatus bilineatus,Paragnathodus commutatus及P．nodosus,是我国下石炭统顶部德坞阶的一个牙形石带化石;筵化石：Mediocris breviscula,M．pilatus,M．cf．minima,Eostaffella galinae,E.cf．mediocris是我国和卅l组常见分子,也产于贵州罗甸的德坞阶(相当于早期纳缪尔阶)。臭牛沟组产有大量孢子,可分3个孢子带,分别可以和西欧维宪期孢子带(PV,TC,NM)对比。在当前的植物群中Cathaysiodendron及Bothrodendron ruchengense,Le pidodendron shanyangense的发现,对于研究早石炭世植物地理区的划分,华南和西北同期植物群的对比及东方型鳞木类的演化均具有重大意义。     

广西崇左公鸡山与智人伴生的偶蹄类

系统记述了广西崇左公鸡山与智人伴生的动物群中的偶蹄类:文中小猪(Sus xiaozhu wenzhongi subsp.nov.)、裴氏猪相似种(Sus cf.peii)、麂未定种(Muntiacus sp.)、水鹿相似种(Cervus(Rusa.)cf.C.(R.)unicolor)、山羊亚科属种未定(Caprinae gen.et sp.indet.)和大额牛未定种(Bos(Bibos)sp.)。公鸡山偶蹄类及其他伴生哺乳动物指示的地质时代为中更新世至晚更新世早期,那时这一地区的气候温暖潮湿,是近水的森林和灌丛环境,并镶嵌有一些草甸和草坡。     

中国主要侏罗纪植物群相似性系数的初步研究

选取属级分类单元作为统计变量,Dice系数作为统计公式,对中国早中侏罗世较具代表性的18个植物群进行了相似性的聚类分析.研究结果显示出的区系划分格局在一定程度上支持了前人对植物群时代和性质的判断,同时提出香溪组、万宝组所含植物群的特殊组合与时空因素值得深入研究;中国北方早侏罗世植物群、北方中侏罗世植物群以及南方早中侏罗世植物群三者之间的差异、联系及范围界限需要进一步深入研究.本研究是对古植物学区系研究的有益探索,为中国侏罗纪植物群的大区域系统研究提供了数据基础和参考依据.     

中国主要侏罗纪植物群相似性系数的初步研究

选取属级分类单元作为统计变量, Dice系数作为统计公式, 对中国早中侏罗世较具代表性的18个植物群进行了相似性的聚类分析。研究结果显示出的区系划分格局在一定程度上支持了前人对植物群时代和性质的判断, 同时提出香溪组、万宝组所含植物群的特殊组合与时空因素值得深入研究; 中国北方早侏罗世植物群、北方中侏罗世植物群以及南方早中侏罗世植物群三者之间的差异、联系及范围界限 需要进一步深入研究。本研究是对古植物学区系研究的有益探索, 为中国侏罗纪植物群的大区域系统研究提供了数据基础和参考依据。     

The Feature of Fossil Plants from the Lower Cangfanggou Group of Upper Permian,Northern Xinjiang

This paper deals with the Fossil Plants from Upper Permian in Northern Xinjiang. These plants include 25 species of 15 Genus. Five new species is all described in this paper. These are: ?Supaia serrata sp. nov. Tychtopteris densinervis sp. nov., Ty. obesa sp. nov., Comia Cangfanggouensis sp. nov. and Lepeophyllum ovatum sp. nov. These are all new to science, found in the Lower Cangfanggou Group in Northern Xinjian, of Late Permian in age. Some fossils Lobatannularia multifolia Ken'no, Sphenopteris rotunda Sze and Alethopteris huiana Lee found in this group are known in the Cathaysian Flora. Others are common in the Angara Flora, such as Stellotheca sehtchurowskii (Schmal.) Surange et Prakash, Sphenopteris, adzvensis Zal., Tychtopteris cuneata (Schmal.) Zal. Noeggerathiopsis sp., ect. That indicates in the Lower Cangfanggou Group is a transitional zone between the Angara and the Cathaysian floras.     

A New Genus and Species—Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus Zhu of Cycadaceae from the Permian of China

This paper describes a new microstrobilus of palaeozoic Cycadaceae collected from the upper part of Lower Shihezi Formation, Dongshan Mine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China and named it as Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus Zhu, gen. et sp. nov. This new cycad is the oldest microstrobilus to our knowlege of cycads. In the same locality and layer, there are Primocycas chinensis Zhu et Du, Sphenophyllum emarginatum Brongn. , S. costae Sterz. , S. verticallatum (Schloth.) Brongn. , S. oblongifolium (Germ. et Kaulf. ) Ung. , Tingia carbonica (Schenk.) Halle, T. hamaguchii Kon’no, Macrostachys huttoniformis Halle, Sphenopteris norinii Halle, S. firmata Sze, S. gothanii Halle, Sphenopteridium pseudogermanicum (Halle) Gu et Zhi, Pecopteris feminaeformis (Schloth.) Sterz. , P. wongii Halle, P. tuberculata Halle, P. unita Brongn. , P. taiyuanensis Halle, Emplectopteris triangularis Halle, Taeniopteris norinii Halle, T. spp. , Cordaites principalis (Germ.) Gein. , Cornucarpus patulus Halle, Radicites spp. and a few taxa unknown to palaeobotanical data. The authors consider that Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus is the same species as Primocycas chinensis, and its veg.etative leaves are similar to those of the genus Taeniopteris, e.g.T. norinii Halle.     

甘肃宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群地质时代及植物区系探讨*

湘西–鄂西地区具有中–晚奥陶世连续过渡、出露良好的地层序列, 并产出大量头足类化石。我们选择了位于该地区的湖北宜昌陈家河剖面和湖南桃源茅草铺剖面开展头足类研究工作, 采集化石标本1000余块, 鉴定出了24属46种。本文描述了其中6个新种, 归属于3目3科5属。在中–晚奥陶世头足类动物群研究基础上, 本文在湖北宜昌陈家河剖面宝塔组和临湘组自下而上识别出Sinoceras chinense带和Richardsonoceras simplex带两个头足类化石带; 在湖南桃源茅草铺剖面牯牛潭组、大田坝组和宝塔组下部识别出4个头足类化石带, 自下而上分别是Proterovaginoceras incognitum带、Ancistroceras undulatum带、Cyclolituites带以及Sinoceras chinense带。在此基础上, 结合前人已发表的数据, 本文厘定了中扬子地区牯牛潭组到宝塔组的5个头足类化石带, 自下而上分别是: Proterovaginoceras incognitum带、Meitanoceras-Ancistroceras带、Lituites–Cyclolituites带、Sinoceras chinense 带和Richardsonoceras simplex带, 为该地区生物地层划分对比提供了头足类信息。     

湘南地区晚奥陶世的江西笔石(Jiangxigraptus)*

本文对甘肃宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群地质时代及植物区系进行了探讨, 共统计植物大化石 18 属 53 种, 主要包括银杏纲 10 属 24 种, 真蕨纲 5 属 22 种, 苏铁纲 1 属 3 种, 松柏纲 1 属 2 种, 楔叶纲 1 属 2 种。该植物群在组成特征上表现为银杏类、真蕨类植物繁盛, 其他植物类群相对贫乏。基于该植物群特征与国内其他植物群的对比, 提出其地质时代为中侏罗世 Aalenian 期–Bajocian 期。通过哈曼、欧式距离、罗杰斯–塔尼莫特和索卡尔–施尼斯 4 种方法对宝积山盆地及中国北方其余 11 个中侏罗世植物群进行系统聚类分析, 在此基础上进一步划分了中国北方植物区系。通过计算属、种相似性系数,探讨宝积山邻近植物区系间的亲缘关系, 结果表明宝积山植物区系与同属西北地区的华亭植物区系关系较为亲近。     

New Insects (Insecta: Trichoptera,Reculida, Eoblattida) from the Mesozoic of Asia

New caddisflies, reculid and eoblattid insects from the Mesozoic of Asia are described. Caddisflies of the families Philopotamidae (Mesoviatrix paradoxa gen. et sp. nov. and Kempia piotri gen. et sp. nov.) and Polycentropodidae (Polylongevus eskovi gen. et sp. nov.) from the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous of the Kempendyai locality in Yakutia are described. A short review and comparison of fossil members in these families are provided. New Gryllones insects, Shurabia tanga sp. nov., Sauk batkenicus gen. et sp. nov. from the Sauk Tan’ga locality (Lower Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan), Say kirgizicus gen. et sp. nov. from the Shurab III locality (Reculida: Geinitziidae; Lower or Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan) Griphopteron iya sp. nov. (Eoblattida: Blattogryllidae) from Iya locality (Middle Jurassic of Russia) are described.