Archakebia—A New Genus of Lardizabalaceae from China

The monotypic genus Archakebia from China is described as new．The genus shares many characters with members of the genus Akebia,except sepals 6,lanceolate or linear,which are common in members of the genus Stauntonia．     

ubtree,TASS and an Analysis of the Genus Caragana

Subtree analysis and three area satements (TASS) procedure are used to deal with the area relationship in historical biogeography. On the basis of the taxon cladogram, the procedure could identify and eliminate the paralogy node and determine the informative subtree. The area relationships are generally illustrated in several subtrees and the consensus tree. The distribution pattern of the genus Caragana comprising about 72 species and occurring in 13 areas, was analyzed by using subtree method and TASS procedure in this study. The results showed seven subtrees representing the area relationships of section and series of the genus, and the consensus tree provided the 13 area relationships. These results are congruent with our former result using component analysis for Caragana.     

Ancestral Area Analysis of the Genus Caragara （Leguminosae）

Caragana has a temperate Asian distribution. Based on the phylogeny and 13 distributionalareas of this genus, its ancestral area was studied via the ancestral area analysis suggested by Bremer(1992), Ronquist (1994) and Hausdorf (1997). The results indicate that three areas, Far East-NortheastChina, Altai-Sayan and North China-Qinling Mountains (Mts) are likely the ancestral areas. Linking to theviewpoints of the Holarctic origin for north temperate flora, Far East-Northeast China seems more likely tobe the ancestral area. According to the three ancestral areas isolated geographically and the analysis inthe present study, as well as former biogeographical analysis of this genus, it is suggested that Caraganaspeciation is mainly in the mode of vicariance rather than dispersal, and dispersed is often in shortdistance.     

Acylated Flavonoids from Spiraea Genus as Inhibitors of α-Amylase

Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry - Spiraea L. belongs to a genus of deciduous-leaved shrubs in the Rosaceae family that is abundant in Eastern Siberia. The study of six species of Spiraea...     

Illustrated Catalogue of the Genus Carabus of the World （Coleoptera, Carabidae）

ThierryDeuve博士(法国国家自然历史博物馆,巴黎)撰写的IllustratedCatalogueoftheGenusCarabusoftheWorld (Coleoptera:Carabidae)于2004年由Pensoft.Sofia Moscow出版。 该书系统地总结了鞘翅目步甲科Carabidae步甲属Carabus昆虫系统学方面的研究成果,共461页,24个图版。其内容分 3个部分:1)形态学(Morphology),分别对步甲属昆虫成虫和幼虫的形态特征进行了描述;2)系统学(Systematics),主要 讨论步甲属昆虫系统发育和分类研究现状和存在的问题,对近年步甲属分子系统学的研究进展及其意义重点进行了评述;3) 名录(Catalogue),根据作…     

Triodanis Raf.—A New Recorded Genus of Campanulaceae in China

Triodanis Raf. (Campanulaceae), a genus native to America and Mediterranean regions, is here reported from China for the first time. Two species (T. perfoliata and T. bifiora) are identified. The former was collected in Chong’an,and Jianning, Fujian Province, the latter was collected from Anqing,Anhui Province, Putuo, Zhejiang Province and Jiangle, Fujian Province.     

Amplectosporangium—A New Genus of Plant from the Lower Devonian of Sichuan,China

A new genus and species Amplectosporangium jiangyouense, is described from the Pingyipu Formation (Siegenian) of the Lower Devonian in Jiangyou district, Sichuan, China. The plant consists of naked dichotomizing erect axes with terminal fertile branch-systems. Sporangia are oval-shaped each with a short stalk and are arranged along the inner side of dichotomized axes in single row. By comparison with other known Devonian plants the genus is considered to represent a new morphological type of early land plants. Based on the theory of the telomic origin of the ovular integument, the plant may represent an early stage in the evolution of integument.     

A New Genus and Species—Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus Zhu of Cycadaceae from the Permian of China

This paper describes a new microstrobilus of palaeozoic Cycadaceae collected from the upper part of Lower Shihezi Formation, Dongshan Mine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China and named it as Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus Zhu, gen. et sp. nov. This new cycad is the oldest microstrobilus to our knowlege of cycads. In the same locality and layer, there are Primocycas chinensis Zhu et Du, Sphenophyllum emarginatum Brongn. , S. costae Sterz. , S. verticallatum (Schloth.) Brongn. , S. oblongifolium (Germ. et Kaulf. ) Ung. , Tingia carbonica (Schenk.) Halle, T. hamaguchii Kon’no, Macrostachys huttoniformis Halle, Sphenopteris norinii Halle, S. firmata Sze, S. gothanii Halle, Sphenopteridium pseudogermanicum (Halle) Gu et Zhi, Pecopteris feminaeformis (Schloth.) Sterz. , P. wongii Halle, P. tuberculata Halle, P. unita Brongn. , P. taiyuanensis Halle, Emplectopteris triangularis Halle, Taeniopteris norinii Halle, T. spp. , Cordaites principalis (Germ.) Gein. , Cornucarpus patulus Halle, Radicites spp. and a few taxa unknown to palaeobotanical data. The authors consider that Cycadostrobilus paleozoicus is the same species as Primocycas chinensis, and its veg.etative leaves are similar to those of the genus Taeniopteris, e.g.T. norinii Halle.     

The Horseshoe Crab of the Genus Limulus: Living Fossil or Stabilomorph?

A new horseshoe crab species, Limulus darwini, is described from the uppermost Jurassic (ca. 148 Ma) near-shore sediments of the Kcynia Formation, central Poland. The only extant species Limulus polyphemus (Linnaeus) inhabits brackish-marine, shallow water environments of the east coast of the United States. Here it is shown that there are no important morphological differences between the Kcynia Formation specimens and extant juvenile representatives of the genus Limulus. The palaeoecological setting inhabited by the new species and the trophic relationships of extant horseshoe crabs are discussed in an attempt to determine the potential range of food items ingested by these Mesozoic xiphosurans. In this paper we propose the adoption of a new term stabilomorphism, this being: an effect of a specific formula of adaptative strategy among organisms whose taxonomic status does not exceed genus-level. A high effectiveness of adaptation significantly reduces the need for differentiated phenotypic variants in response to environmental changes and provides for long-term evolutionary success.     

New Record of the Genus Metablastothrix Sugonjaev （Hymenoptera： Encyrtidae） to China

The genus Metablastothrix Sugonjaev is recorded to China for the first time. Metablastothrix isomorpha isomorpha Sugonjaev is reported. The specimens examined here are deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing （IZCAS）.     

A New Species of the Genus Cecidomyia from China(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Twelve species of the genus Cecidomyia have been reported from North America andEurasia. They are known as pine resin midges inhabiting mainly the pines, also spruce andfir. The larvae fecd on pitch and cause extensive primary damage to the hosts. The new res-in midge species here dealt with is known so far only from Jiangbian Forestry Bureau dis-trict, Yunnan.     

Studies on the Genus Paeonia (1)—Report of Karyotypes of Some Wild Species in China

In the present paper 8 species with 15 populations of the genus Paeonia L. (if P. papaveracea and P. japonica are recognised as species) were collected from Sichuan, Shaanxi and Hebei provinces (see the Appendix for detail of the materials). The micrographs of their somatic metaphase (also Mii in the case of P.veitchii) are shown in Plates 1-4, the karyotype formulae, ranges of chromosome length and classification of karyotypes according to Stebbins (1971) are shown in Table 5: the idiograms in Figs. 1-2, and the parameters of chromosomes in Table 1-4. The essential points are mentioned as follows: (1) Chromosomes of the various species in the section Modan have so far been examined and they are all diploid, the two species in the section Onaepia are also diploid, and thus tetraploids exist only in the section Paeonia. (2) Chromosomes in the genus Paeonia are relatively stable except for the differentiation of ploidy. The karyotypes (Table 1-4) show no differences among different taxa in Sect. Modan and the same can also be said about the taxa in Sect. Paeonia (Table 1). Not only are the karyotypes very similar, but also among the members within either section have the same parameters of chromosomes, and, differences, if occur, are not statistically significant. Between the two sections, however, the situation is different. The arm ratios of the first pairs of chromosomes in Sect. Modan are 1.53, 1.52 and 1.48 (Table 1), but those in Sect. Paeonia are 1.12-1.28 (Table 2-4), 95% confidence limits are 1.46-1.60 for the section Modan and 1.07-1.28 (1.21-1.35 only for PB85078) for the section Paeonia, not overlapping, which indicates that the two sections have differentiated in respect of the first pairs of chromosomes. (3)The population PB85024, which belongs to the P. obovata complex, has a karyotype of 2B (stebbins, 1971), which is a new one in the genus Paeonia. This karyotype is a stable one, for several individuals in the population are uniform in this respect, which shows that Stebbins’ (1971) generalization that all the species in Paeonia have 2A does not hold true. (4) Three populations of P. obovata complex studied in this work from Sichuan and Shaanxi are all tetraploids, and one from Hebei is a diploid. From the present work and the previcus reports, the materials from Japan and Korea, no matter whether flowers are pink or white, are diploids, those from Heilongjiang Province (with both pink and white flowers) (Liu Ming-yuan, personal communication) and from Heibei Province (with pink flowers) in China are also diploids, the one from Sakhalin (pink flowers) is tetraploid, those from Priamur of the Soviet Union are a tetraploid (with white flowers) and a diploid (with pink flowers), and those from Shaanxi (the Qinling Range) and western Sichuan (with both pink and white flowers) are all tetraploids. As far as we have now known, ploidy in this particular complex is correlated with the geographical distribution: diploids are found in the central part, tetraploids occur in the northern limits, and in the south letraploids are the only cytotype. (5) The materials of P. mairei from western Sichuan and Shaanxi (the Qinling Range) are found all to be tetraploids, which shows that two cytotypes, diploid and tetraploid, exist in this species, but the geographical distribution pattern of these two cytotypes is to be revealed in the future investigation.     

Hymenopyramis Wall. ex Griff.—A New Recorded Genus of Verbenaceae from China

The present paper reports the first record of the genus Hymenopyramis in China. H. cana is a new record on Hainan Island of Guangdong Province. It grows in deciduous monsoon forests or shrubby savanna (western Hainan) at 50 to 150 m alt.