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1.
八属木兰科植物木材导管分子的比较解剖 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文比较描述了我国木兰科木莲属、华盖木属,长蕊木兰属,拟单性木兰属,合果木属,观光木属,香木兰属和鹅掌楸属等8属22种植物次生质部的导管分子,这些导管分子的长度和宽度都有差异,木莲属的所有种中都有具梯状穿孔板的导管分子,但在少数种中偶然可见到单穿孔,在其它属中,也都有具梯状穿孔板的导管分子,仅在观光木属中偶见的单穿孔,木莲属大多数种均无螺纹加厚,仅桂南木莲一种除外,另外,除了合果木属和鹅掌楸无螺纹加厚外,其余均有此种加厚,各属的导管分子还存在其它一些差异。 相似文献
2.
Foliar sclereids in the Magnoliaceae 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
SHIRLEY C. TUCKER 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1977,75(4):325-356
The foliar sclereids in 136 species representing 11 of the 12 genera of Magnoliaceae were studied and compared. Sclereids occur in four different cell assemblages within the leaf: diffuse idioblasts, mesophyll, dermal system, and the vein sheath including terminal elements. Tropical members tend to have the most highly sclerified leaves. In species of Manglietia the leaves have sclerified spongy mesophyll and either sclerified epidermis or hypodermis. In Talauma , sclerification affects the vein sheath and terminal cells of veinlets, with a specialized thick marginal vein in the Asian taxa but not in the American ones. Liriodendron and the magnolias native to the north temperate zone have only minimal sclerification, which usually is confined to the vein sheath of the midrib and the main lateral veins, and as idioblastic sclereids in the petiole and the midrib near the base of the blade. The two largest genera Magnolia and Michelia are heterogeneous and include species which vary as to their combinations of sclerified elements among the four possible types. 相似文献
3.
合果木属合果木(Paramicheliabaillonii(Pierre)Hu)和观光木属观光木(TsoongiodendronodorumChun)的花粉,在光镜和扫描电镜下形态较相似。但在透射电镜下,两者差异较大:合果木花粉外壁的覆盖层、往状层和基层的分化不明显,柱状层小柱极少,虽有颗粒分化但数量不多;观光木花粉外壁三层的分化较明显,柱状层中已出现较多典型的颗粒和小柱。据此,合果木的花粉壁在木兰科中应属较原始的类型,而观光木的则属该科中较进化的类型。两者在花粉壁结构上的差异可为二属的分立提供花粉学上的证据。 相似文献
4.
国产木兰科含笑亚族植物的叶结构及其分类学意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了探讨含笑亚族Micheliinae植物属间关系以及含笑属Michella属下等级的划分和一些种的分类学地位,利用放大镜和体视镜对国产含笑亚族植物3属共28个分类群的叶结构特征进行了观察与研究。结果表明:含笑属、合果木属Paramichelia和观光木属Tsoongiodendron植物的脉序类型、一级脉、二级脉及其间脉和三级脉等特征表现出较高的一致性,三属间无明显的划分界限;但是,盲脉及其分支、网眼的发育和大小、叶缘末级脉等叶结构特征存在种间差异。在含笑属中,树状盲脉首次被观察到。用UPGMA对所研究28个分类群、木兰属Magnolia两个亚属各2种和鹅掌楸Liriodendron chinense的叶结构特征和形态学特征共46个性状进行聚类分析。分析结果表明:(1)合果木Pbaillonii和观光木T.odorum与含笑属的种聚为一支,因此,支持将合果木属和观光木属归并入含笑属;(2)这些特征为含笑属内组的划分提供了分类学意义;(3)基于叶结构特征、形态学特征、地理分布、聚类分析,对含笑属内一些种类的分类地位进行了讨论。 相似文献
5.
国产木兰科6属植物柱头表面形态比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用扫描电镜对中国产木兰科单性木兰属、木兰属、木莲属、含笑属、拟单性木兰属和观光木属的42种植物柱头表面形态进行观察.结果表明,42种木兰科植物的柱头均为干柱头,包含单细胞乳突型和多细胞乳突型两类.单性木兰属和观光木属植物是单细胞乳突型;木莲属、含笑属和拟单性木兰属植物是多细胞乳突型;木兰属中木兰亚属植物两型均有,而玉兰亚属则均为多细胞乳突型.结合其他证据,本文支持单性木兰属、木莲属、含笑属、拟单性木兰属和观光木属的建立,并认为在系统学问题较复杂的木兰属中,玉兰亚属是一个相对独立的单系类群,将其独立成属也不无道理,而木兰亚属可能不是一个单系类群,还需要进一步的深入研究,积累更多的性状数据. 相似文献
6.
木兰科植物鹅掌楸和合果木的化学成分及其分类学意义 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
作为木兰科植物亲缘关系与生理活性成分分布规律研究内容的一部分,对木兰科植物鹅掌楸及合果木的茎皮进行了化学成分的研究。从鹅掌楸茎皮醇提物中除了β-谷甾醇、胡萝卜甙、和蔗糖外还分离鉴定了5个已知化合物:epitulipinolide(1)、atherospermidine(2)、(+)-syringresinol-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(lirioderndrin,)3、(1S)-1,4-di-O-methylmy-oinositol(liriodendritol,4)和syringin(5);自合果木茎皮中除了β-谷甾醇外还分离鉴定了6个已知化合物:正二十四烷酸(6)、(-)-parthenolide(7)、(-)-dihydroparthenolide(8)、(-)-N-acetylanonaine(9)、肉桂酸(10)和(+)-syringaresinol(11)。基于化学成分研究结果,从化学分类学角度支持北美鹅掌楸与鹅掌楸亲缘关系十分接近或相似的论点,由于两种鹅掌楸化学成分与木兰科其他植物化学成分有不同相似之处,无必要独立成科,分亚科为好;合果木属Paramichelia似无分属的必要。 相似文献
7.
中国木兰科香木莲和合果含笑木材解剖的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
张哲僧 《Acta Botanica Sinica》1984,(5)
本文对中国木兰科的香木莲(Mangliaia aromatica Dandy)和合果含笑[Parami-chelia baillonii(Piene)]及其与邻近属的木材解剖特征进行了初步的研究。香木莲导管无螺纹加厚,无油脂细胞,无傍管薄壁组织,轴向木薄壁组织仅宽2—3列细胞,单列木射线多而高,多列射线主要为 Kribs 异形Ⅱ_A 型等特征都落入木莲属导管无螺纹,多列射线异形Ⅱ_A 型,无油细胞,轴向木薄壁组织2—6列等特征的幅度之内。合果含笑的单列木射线稀少至无,导管有螺纹加厚,有油细胞等特征。 相似文献
8.
Zhang Zhe-seng 《植物学报(英文版)》1984,26(5)
The present paper deals mainly with the wood structures of “Paramanglietia aromatica” Hu & Cheng and Paramichelia (Pierre) Hu of the Magnoliaceae. These wood structures are listed in Table Ⅰ. In comparison of their wood anatomical features with relsted genera[4], we find that (Ⅰ) the wood anatomy of the reduced genus “Para- manglietia” Hu et Cheng is still within the range of Manglietia Dandy and that (2 the wood anatomical features of Paramichelia (Pierre) Hu is very similar to those of Michelia L. and Tsoongiodendron Chun. We also find that the wood anatomy of Manylietia aromatica Dandy [“Parawanglietia aromatica” (Dandy) Hu & Cheng] is less similar to Manglietiastrum Law (see Table 1). 相似文献
9.
本文描述3种钩叶藤属(Plectocomia)植物茎的后生木质部导管分子,并与省藤属(Calamus)比较分析。钩叶藤属的导管分子大部分具单穿孔板.类似省藤属,但具复穿孔板导管分子的比量和横隔数目以及导管分子长度均比省藤属大.讨论了导管分子特化同两属天然分布植被区的关系。 相似文献
10.
Summary A number of structural variables influence the conductivity of simple and scalariform perforation plates, and of vessel lumina. Using a previously developed computer model, the effects on conductivity of over 8,000 permutations of different lumen radii, perforation plate angles, perforation plate rim widths, scalariform slit pore heights, and scalariform bar thicknesses are considered. By taking advantage of basic patterns of similarity in the data, and by using scaling techniques, it has proved possible to calculate a series of factors which may be used to predict the conductivity of a vessel element or perforation plate of known dimensions. A number of previous workers have sought relationships between element structure and evolutionary or adaptive trends. Some important variables have been ignored in these studies in the past. 相似文献
11.
中国木兰属和含笑属导管分子的比较解剖 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文对我国木兰科的39种木兰属和含笑属植物次生木质部的导管分子进行了初步分析。两属导管分子的长度和宽度略有差异。木兰属中多数种的导管分于有单穿孔板,但有的可见到梯状穿孔板。含笑属植物的导管分子大多具有梯状穿孔板,仅有一种可看到单穿孔板。在具有梯状穿孔板的木兰属植物中,穿孔板的横隔数目较含笑属的多。木兰属的导管壁上一般无螺纹加厚;含笑属则相反。此外,在两属之间,导管尚存在一些其它差异。 相似文献
12.
This paper deals mainly with comparative studies on elements of secondary xylem in 39 species of Chinese Magnolia and Michelia. The former plants present longer and slender vessels. Most of them have simple perforation and only a few scalariform perforation plates. In contrast, most of the Michelia species possess scalariform perforation plates and only one with simple perforation. The scalariform perforation plates of Magnolia species, if present, exhibit more bars than that of Michelia With few exceptions, there is no spiral thickening on the vessel wall in Magnolia, whereas in Michelia it is lust the opposite. In addition, some other differences in vessel elements between these two genera are also discussed. 相似文献
13.
The vessel elements in 77 species of 36 genera of Chinese Ranunculaceae were studied. The vessel elements of Ranunculaceae could be divided into primitive and more specialized groups on the basis of their morphological characters through clustering analysis. The most primitive type of the vessel elements was seen in Asteropyrum, and some vessel elements were considered more primitive, as in Paeonia, Trollius, Actaea, Helleborus, Souliea, Calathodes, Beesia, Caltha, Coptis, Kingdonia, Circaeaster, Adonis, Hepatica, than others. There was a marked difference between Paeonia and other genera of Ranunculaceae. The vessel elements of Paeonioideae and Helleboroideae with follicles were more primitive than Ranunculoideae with achenes. In Thalictroideae, .the vessel elements of Thalictrum with achenes were more specialized than other genera with follicles. All these findings coincided with the evolution of fruits. The character of evolution of vessel elements ran parallel with that of other parts of plant (flower, carpel, petiole, venation). The features of vessel elements in the same genus were at similar evolutional level, however, some difference between species do exist. 相似文献
14.
Spiral thickenings in the inner walls of vessels were studied in 10 genera 69 species of Magnoliaceae in China under scanning electron microscopic observation. Spiral thickenings were found in some species. The majority of these species showed complete thickenings of the inner wall, however, in some of which the spiral thickenings were less obvious at both ends. In others, these spiral thickenings existed only in the middle portion, uniformly or irregularly distributed. 相似文献
15.
芒果次生木质部导管分子的观察 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
运用细胞图象分析系统及显微照相的方法对芒果(Mangifera indicaL.)次生木质部不同的导管分子进行了观察。并且对这些导管分子的构造、进化趋势以及同一导管分子上的特殊结构进行了详细的讨论。 相似文献
16.
对蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata)叶轴中导管分子进行了观察。结果表明,其导管分子十分细长,均具长、且十分倾斜的梯状穿孔板,穿孔没有纹孔膜的残余,与侧壁上的梯纹纹孔有着明显的差异。 相似文献
17.
对蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata)叶轴中导管分子进行了观察。结果表明,其导管分子十分细长,均具长、且十分倾斜的梯状穿孔板,穿孔没有纹孔膜的残余,与侧壁上的梯纹纹孔有着明显的差异。 相似文献
18.
利用扫描电子显微镜对鹅掌楸属仅存的2个自然种鹅掌楸和北美鹅掌楸的次生木质部导管穿孔板特征进行了详细的研究。结果显示,鹅掌楸属的2个种均以梯状穿孔板为主,同时存在网状-梯状混合穿孔板。鹅掌楸和北美鹅掌楸的导管穿孔板具有明显差异:(1)鹅掌楸具网状穿孔板,而北美鹅掌楸没有观察到;(2)北美鹅掌楸具单穿孔板,而鹅掌楸在该实验中未发现;(3)北美鹅掌楸具有横隔较粗的梯状穿孔板且横隔数目较多;(4)鹅掌楸的导管穿孔板多数横隔较少;(5)北美鹅掌楸的穿孔板倾斜角度较大;(6)北美鹅掌楸具麻黄式穿孔板的存在,且有纹孔膜残留存在。研究认为,北美鹅掌楸导管分子穿孔板分化较鹅掌楸更为剧烈。 相似文献
19.
Magnolia (disjuncts), however, have similar chemical profiles. A molecular phylogeny of Magnoliaceae was constructed to reveal phylogenetic
relationships of taxa by sequencing the trnK intron (including the matK coding region), psbA-trnH, and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer regions of chloroplast DNA from 25 Magnolia, two Michelia, and two Liriodendron taxa. The psbA-trnH spacer region showed twice the sequence divergence (0.0157) of the trnK intron (0.0073) or the matK coding region (0.0077). The strict consensus tree constructed from the combined data set (ca. 3,700 bp) indicated the genus
Magnolia was polyphyletic containing Michelia species as ingroup. The clade of Magnolia liliifera var. obovata, M. coco, and M. delavayi formed the first branch. Among the remaining species, two additional large clades were recognized, i.e., one comprised of
American evergreen Magnolia species and another of subgenus Yulania. The relationship among sect. Rytidospermum taxa was not clearly resolved. Parsimonious mapping of the floral scent chemical characters was performed onto the molecular
phylogenetic tree to discuss evolutionary trends of the floral scent chemistries.
Received 7 December 1998/ Accepted in revised form 18 May 1999 相似文献
20.
台湾青枣导管分子及其穿孔板研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用细胞图象分析系统及显微照相的方法对台湾青枣Z iziphus mauritiana次生木质部导管分子进行了观察研究。在台湾青枣的次生木质部导管分子中存在着许多不同的样式,并且导管分子穿孔板存在着3种类型:两端均为一个单穿孔板;一端为一个单穿孔板,另一端为梯状穿孔板;具纤毛的单穿孔板。分别对其进行了描述,并从导管分子个体发育与系统发育的角度进行了讨论,认为3种类型的穿孔板为导管分子穿孔板的系统演化提供了新的证据。 相似文献