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1.
Comparative immunocytochemical localization of putative opioid ligands in the central nervous system
Summary We report a detailed comparative immunocytochemical mapping of enkephalin, CCK and ACTH/gb-endorphin immunoreactive nerves in the central nervous system of rat and guinea pig. Enkephalin immunoreactivity was detected in many groups of nerve cell bodies, fibers and terminals in the limbic system, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem and spinal cord. -endorphin and ACTH immunoreactivity was limited to a single group of nerve cell bodies in and around the arcuate nucleus and in fibers and terminals in the midline areas of the hypothalamus, thalamus and mesencephalic periaqueductal gray with lateral extensions to the amygdaloid area. Cholecystokinin immunoreactive nerve fibers and terminals displayed a distribution similar to that of enkephalin in many regions; but striking differences were also found. An immunocytochemical doublestaining technique, which allowed simultaneous detection of two different peptides in the same tissue section, showed that enkephalin-, CCK- and ACTH/-endorphin-immunoreactive nerves although closely intermingled in many brain areas, occurred separately. The distributions of nerve terminals containing these neuropeptides showed striking overlaps and also paralleled the distribution of opiate receptors. This may suggest that enkephalin, CCK, ACTH and -endorphin may interact with each other and with opiate receptors.Index of Abbreviations CA
Commissura anterior
- CAI
Capsula interna
- CO
Chiasma opticum
- CPF
Cortex piriformis
- CSDD
Commissura supraoptica dorsalis, pars dorsalis (Ganser)
- CSDV
Commissura supraoptica dorsalis, pars ventralis (Meynert)
- FMP
Fasciculus medialis prosencephali
- FOR
Formatio reticularis
- GD
Gyrus dentatus
- GP
Glubus pallidus
- H
Habenula
- HI
Hippocampus
- S
Subiculum
- SGCD
Substantia grisea centralis, pars dorsalis
- SGCL
Substantia grisea centralis, pars lateralis
- SGPV
Substantia grisea periventricularis
- SNC
Substantia nigra, zona compacta
- SNL
Substantia nigra, pars lateralis
- ST
Stria terminalis
- STP
Stria terminalis, pars precommissuralis
- TD
Tractus diagonalis (Broca)
- TO
Tractus opticus
- TSHT
Tractus septohypothalamicus
- TUOP
Tuberculum olfactorium, pars corticalis
- SUM
Decussatio supramamillaris
- a
Nucleus accumbens
- ac
Nucleus amygdaloideus centralis
- aco
Nucleus amygdaloideus corticalis
- am
Nucleus amygdaloideus medialis
- ar
Nucleus arcuatus
- cp
Nucleus caudatus putamen
- dcgl
Nucleus dorsalis corporis geniculati lateralis
- em
Eminentia mediana
- fm
Nucleus paraventricularis, pars magnocellularis
- fp
Nucleus paraventricularis, pars parvocellularis
- ha
Nucleus anterior (hypothalami)
- hd
Nucleus dorsomedialis (hypothalami)
- hl
Nucleus lateralis (hypothalami)
- hp
Nucleus posterior (hypothalami)
- hpv
Nucleus periventricularis (hypothalami)
- hv
Nucleus ventromedialis (hypothalami)
- ip
Nucleus interpeduncularis
- mcgm
Nucleus marginalis corporis geniculatic medialis
- mm
Nucleus mammillaris medialis
- ml
Nucleus mammillaris lateralis
- mh
Nucleus medialis habenulae
- p
Nucleus pretectalis
- pf
Nucleus parafascicularis
- pom
Nucleus preopticus medialis
- pop
Nucleus preopticus periventricularis
- posc
Nucleus preopticus, pars suprachiasmatica
- pt
Nucleus paratenialis
- pvs
Nucleus periventricularis stellatocellularis
- re
Nucleus reuniens
- sc
Nucleus suprachiasmaticus
- sl
Nucleus septi lateralis
- so
Nucleus supraopticus
- st
Nucleus interstitialis striae terminalis
- tad
Nucleus anterior dorsalis thalami
- tam
Nucleus anterior medialis thalami
- tav
Nucleus anterior ventralis thalami
- td
Nucleus tractus diagonalis (Broca)
- th
Nuclei thalami
- tl
Nucleus lateralis thalami
- tlp
Nucleus lateralis thalami, pars posterior
- tm
Nucleus medialis thalami
- tml
Nucleus medialis thalami, pars lateralis
- tmm
Nucleus medialis thalami, pars medialis
- tpo
Nucleus posterior thalami
- tr
Nucleus reticularis thalami
- tv
Nucleus ventralis thalami
- tvd
Nucleus ventralis thalami, pars dorsomedialis
- tvm
Nucleus ventralis medialis thalami, pars magnocellularis 相似文献
2.
Triepel J. Mader J. Weindl A. Heinrich D. Forssmann W. G. Metz J. 《Histochemistry and cell biology》1984,81(6):509-516
Summary The occurrence and distribution of neurotensin-immunoreactive (NT-IR) perikarya was studied in the central nervous system of the guinea pig using a newly raised antibody (KN 1). Numerous NT-IR perikarya were found in the nuclei amygdaloidei, nuclei septi interventriculare, hypothalamus, nucleus parafascicularis thalami, substantia grisea centralis mesencephali, ventral medulla oblongata, nucleus solitarius and spinal cord. The distribution of NT-IR perikarya was similar to that previously described in the rat and monkey. In the gyrus cinguli, hippocampus and nucleus olfactorius, though, no NT-IR neurons were detected in this investigation. Additional immunoreactive perikarya, however, were observed in areas of the ventral medulla oblongata, namely in the nucleus paragigantocellularis, nucleus retrofacialis and nucleus raphe obscurus.The relevance of the NT-IR perikarya within the ventral medulla oblongata is discussed with respect to other neuropeptides, which are found in this area, and to cardiovascular regulation.Abbreviations abl
nucleus amygdaloideus basalis lateralis
- abm
nucleus amygdaloideus basalis medialis
- acc
nucleus amygdaloideus centralis
- aco
nucleus amygdaloideus corticalis
- ahp
area posterior hypothalami
- ala
nucleus amygdaloideus lateralis anterior
- alp
nucleus amygdaloideus lateralis posterior
- ame
nucleus amygdaloideus medialis
- atv
area tegmentalis ventralis
- bst
nucleus proprius striae terminalis
- CA
commissura anterior
- CC
corpus callosum
- cgld
corpus geniculatum laterale dorsale
- cglv
corpus geniculatum laterale ventrale
- cgm
corpus geniculatum mediale
- CHO
chiasma opticum
- CI
capsula interna
- co
nucleus commissuralis
- cod
nucleus cochlearis dorsalis
- cp
nucleus caudatus/Putamen
- cs
colliculus superior
- cu
nucleus cuneatus
- dmh
nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami
- DP
decussatio pyramidum
- em
eminentia mediana
- ent
cortex entorhinalis
- epi
epiphysis
- FLM
fasciculus longitudinalis medialis
- fm
nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami pars filiformis
- FX
fornix
- gd
gyrus dentatus
- gp
globus pallidus
- gr
nucleus gracilis
- hl
nucleus habenulae lateralis
- hm
nucleus habenulae medialis
- hpe
hippocampus
- ift
nucleus infratrigeminalis
- io
oliva inferior
- ip
nucleus interpeduncularis
- LM
lemniscus medialis
- MT
tractus mamillo-thalamicus
- na
nucleus arcuatus
- nls
nucleus lateralis septi
- nms
nucleus medialis septi
- npca
nucleus proprius commissurae anterioris
- ns
nucleus solitarius
- n III
nucleus nervi oculomotorii
- nt V
nucleus tractus spinalis nervi trigemini
- ntm
nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini
- osc
organum subcommissurale
- P
tractus cortico-spinalis
- PC
pedunculus cerebri
- PCI
pedunculus cerebellaris inferior
- pir
cortex piriformis
- pol
area praeoptica lateralis
- pom
area praeoptica medialis
- prt
area praetectalis
- pt
nucleus parataenialis
- pvh
nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami
- pvt
nucleus paraventricularis thalami
- r
nucleus ruber
- re
nucleus reuniens
- rgi
nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis
- rl
nucleus reticularis lateralis
- rm
nucleus raphe magnus
- ro
nucleus raphe obscurus
- rp
nucleus raphe pallidus
- rpc
nucleus reticularis parvocellularis
- rpgc
nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis
- sch
nucleus suprachiasmaticus
- SM
stria medullaris thalami
- snc
substantia nigra compacta
- snl
substantia nigra lateralis
- snr
substantia nigra reticularis
- ST
stria terminalis
- tad
nucleus anterior dorsalis thalami
- tam
nucleus anterior medialis thalami
- tav
nucleus anterior ventralis thalami
- tbl
nucleus tuberolateralis
- tc
nucleus centralis thalami
- tl
nucleus lateralis thalami
- tmd
nucleus medialis dorsalis thalami
- TO
tractus opticus
- TOL
tractus olfactorium lateralis
- tpo
nucleus posterior thalami
- tr
nucleus reticularis thalami
- trs
nucleus triangularis septi
- TS
tractus solitarius
- TS V
tractus spinalis nervi trigemini
- tvl
nucleus ventrolateralis thalami
- vmh
nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami
- vh
ventral horn, Columna anterior
- zi
zona incerta
Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG) SFB 90, Carvas 相似文献
3.
N. Aste C. Viglietti-Panzica A. Fasolo C. Andreone H. Vaudry G. Pelletier G. C. Panzica 《Cell and tissue research》1991,265(2):219-230
Summary In the present study, we have demonstrated, by means of the biotin-avidin method, the widespread distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-immunoreactive structures throughout the whole brain of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The prosencephalic region contained the highest concentration of both NPY-containing fibres and perikarya. Immunoreactive fibres were observed throughout, particularly within the paraolfactory lobe, the lateral septum, the nucleus taeniae, the preoptic area, the periventricular hypothalamic regions, the tuberal complex, and the ventrolateral thalamus. NPY-immunoreactive cells were represented by: a) small scattered perikarya in the telencephalic portion (i.e. archistriatal, neostriatal and hyperstriatal regions, hippocampus, piriform cortex); b) medium-sized cell bodies located around the nucleus rotundus, ventrolateral, and lateral anterior thalamic nuclei; c) small clustered cells within the periventricular and medial preoptic nuclei. The brainstem showed a less diffuse innervation, although a dense network of immunopositive fibres was observed within the optic tectum, the periaqueductal region, and the Edinger-Westphal, linearis caudalis and raphes nuclei. Two populations of large NPY-containing perikarya were detected: one located in the isthmic region, the other at the boundaries of the pons with the medulla. The wide distribution of NPY-immunoreactive structures within regions that have been demonstrated to play a role in the control of vegetative, endocrine and sensory activities suggests that, in birds, this neuropeptide is involved in the regulation of several aspects of cerebral functions.Abbreviations
AA
archistriatum anterius
-
AC
nucleus accumbens
-
AM
nucleus anterior medialis
-
APP
avian pancreatic polypeptide
-
CNS
centrai nervous system
-
CO
chiasma opticum
-
CP
commissura posterior
-
CPi
cortex piriformis
-
DIC
differential interferential contrast
-
DLAl
nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami, pars lateralis
-
DLAm
nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami, pars medialis
-
E
ectostriatum
-
EW
nucleus of Edinger-Westphal
-
FLM
fasciculus longitudinalis medialis
-
GCt
substantia grisea centralis
-
GLv
nucleus geniculatus lateralis, pars ventralis
-
HA
hyperstriatum accessorium
-
Hp
hippocampus
-
HPLC
high performance liquid chromatography
-
HV
hyperstriatum ventrale
-
IF
nucleus infundibularis
-
IO
nucleus isthmo-opticus
-
IP
nucleus interpeduncularis
-
IR
immunoreactive
-
LA
nucleus lateralis anterior thalami
-
LC
nucleus linearis caudalis
-
LFS
lamina frontalis superior
-
LH
lamina hyperstriatica
-
LHRH
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
-
LoC
locus coeruleus
-
LPO
lobus paraolfactorius
-
ME
eminentia mediana
-
N
neostriatum
-
NC
neostriatum caudale
-
NPY
neuropeptide Y
-
NIII
nervus oculomotorius
-
NV
nervus trigeminus
-
NVI
nervus facialis
-
NVIIIc
nervus octavus, pars cochlearis
-
nIV
nucleus nervi oculomotorii
-
nIX
nucleus nervi glossopharyngei
-
nBOR
nucleus opticus basalis (ectomamilaris)
-
nCPa
nucleus commissurae pallii
-
nST
nucleus striae terminalis
-
OM
tractus occipitomesencephalicus
-
OS
nucleus olivaris superior
-
PA
palaeostriatum augmentatum
-
PBS
phosphate-buffered saline
-
POA
nucleus praeopticus anterior
-
POM
nucleus praeopticus medialis
-
POP
nucleus praeopticus periventricularis
-
PP
pancreatic polypeptide
-
PYY
polypeptide YY
-
PVN
nucleus paraventricularis magnocellularis
-
PVO
organum paraventriculare
-
R
nucleus raphes
-
ROT
nucleus rotundus
-
RP
nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis
-
Rpc
nucleus reticularis parvocellularis
-
RPgc
nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis, pars gigantocellularis
-
RPO
nucleus reticularis pontis oralis
-
SCd
nucleus subcoeruleus dorsalis
-
SCv
nucleus subcoeruleus ventralis
-
SCNm
nucleus suprachiasmaticus, pars medialis
-
SCNl
nucleus suprachiasmaticus, pars lateralis
-
SL
nucleus septalis lateralis
-
SM
nucleus septalis medialis
-
Ta
nucleus tangentialis
-
TeO
tectum opticum
-
Tn
nucleus taeniae
-
TPc
nucleus tegmenti pedunculo-pontinus, pars compacta
-
TSM
tractus septo-mesencephalicus
-
TV
nueleus tegmenti ventralis
-
VeL
nucleus vestibularis lateralis
-
VLT
nucleus ventrolateralis thalami
-
VMN
nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami
A preliminary report of this study was presented at the 15th Conference of European Comparative Endocrinologists, Leuven, Belgium, September 1990 相似文献
4.
Summary Injection of tritiated leucine and proline into the nucleus ovoidalis of the Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) produces terminal labeling in the palaeostriatum and in three adjacent zones (field L1–L3) of the auditory neostriatum (AN). L2, situated between L1 and L3, receives the main input and corresponds to the former field L of Rose. These neuroanatomically defined zones of the auditory neostriatum are also characterized by differing properties of their neurons. Injection of radioactive material into the auditory neostriatum produces labeling of (i) a palaeostriatal, (ii) a ventral hyperstriatal, and (iii) an additional neostriatal area (Nd). Injection into the hyperstriatum ventrale reveals connections (i) to field L2, (ii) to the palaeostriatum, (iii) to Nd, and (iv) to the archistriatum. After injection into the palaeostriatum, labeling can be observed (i) in the neostriatum dorsale, (ii) in the hyperstriatum ventrale, (iii) in the archistriatum, (iv) in the diencephalic nuclei, nucleus ansae lenticularis and nucleus spiriformis lateralis, and (v) in the mesencephalic nuclei, nucleus tegmenti pedunculo-pontinus and nucleus intercollicularis. These results show that a widespread connectivity exists among primary and presumably higher order auditory areas in the forebrain of birds. Connections also exist between these auditory areas and presumed vocal-motor areas (neostriatum dorsale, archistriatum, nucleus intercollicularis).Abbreviations A
Archistriatum
- AL
Ansa lenticularis
- AN
Auditory neostriatum
- Bas
Nucleus basalis
- CA
Commissura anterior
- Cb
Cerebellum
- CP
Commissura posterior
- DLP
Nucleus dorsolateralis posterior thalami
- DTh
Dorsal thalamus
- E
Ectostriatum
- EM
Nucleus ectomamillaris
- FA
Tractus fronto-archistriatalis
- FPL
Fasciculus prosencephali lateralis
- GLv
Nucleus geniculatus lateralis, pars ventralis
- HA
Hyperstriatum accessorium
- HD
Hyperstriatum dorsale
- HIS
Hyperstriatum intercalatum superius
- HV
Hyperstriatum ventrale
- HVc
Hyperstriatum ventrale, pars caudale
- I
Injection site
- ICo
Nucleus intercollicularis
- ICT
Nucleus intercalatus thalami
- Imc
Nucleus isthmi, pars magnocellularis
- Ipc
Nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis
- l1, L2, L3
Auditory neostriatum: zones L1, L2, L3
- LAD
Lamina archistriatalis dorsalis
- LH
Lamina hyperstriatica
- LMD
Lamina medullaris dorsalis
- LPO
Lobus parolfactorius
- M
Mesencephalon
- MLd
Nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis, pars dorsalis
- N
Neostriatum
- nAL
Nucleus ansae lenticularis
- Nc
Neostriatum caudale
- Nd
Neostriatum dorsale
- OM
Tractus occipito-mesencephalicus
- OMv
Nucleus nervi oculomotorii, pars ventralis
- Ov
Nucleus ovoidalis
- PA
Palaeostriatum augmentatum
- PP
Palaeostriatum primitivum
- PT
Nucleus praetectalis
- PVM
Nucleus periventricularis magno-cellularis
- RSd
Nucleus reticularis superior, pars dorsalis
- RSv
Nucleus reticularis superior, pars ventralis
- Rt
Nucleus rotundus
- SMe
Stria medullaris
- SpL
Nucleus spiriformis lateralis
- SpM
Nucleus spiriformis medialis
- SRt
Nucleus subrotundus
- TeO
Tectum opticum
- TOv
Tractus ovoidalis
- TPc
Nucleus tegmenti pedunculo-pontinus
- TrO
Tractus opticus
- TSM
Tractus septo-mesencephalicus
- Ve
Ventricle
The authors are indebted to Mrs. I. Röder and Mrs. M. Hansel for their aid in the preparation of the histological material and the illustrationsThis work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Sche 132/4 相似文献
5.
Shizuhiro Yamada Professor Shin-ichi Mikami Noboru Yanaihara 《Cell and tissue research》1982,226(1):13-26
Summary The localization of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the hypothalamus of the quail has been studied by means of light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry. Numerous VIP-immunoreactive perikarya are distributed in the caudal portion of the nucleus infundibularis (n. tuberis) and nucleus mamillaris lateralis, and sparse in the preoptic area, nucleus supraopticus and nucleus paraventricularis. Dense localization of immunoreactive-VIP fibers is observed in the external layer of the median eminence, in close contact with the primary portal capillaries. The main origins of these fiber terminals are VIP-immunoreactive perikarya of the nucleus infundibularis. These neurons are spindle or bipolar and extend one process to the ventricular surface and another to the external layer of median eminence. They are CSF-contacting neurons and apparently constitute the tubero-hypophysial tract that links the third ventricle and the hypophysial portal circulation. VIP-reactive neurons in the nucleus mamillaris lateralis also project axons to the external layer of the median eminence, constituting the posterior bundle of the tuberohypophysial tract. Numerous VIP-immunoreactive perikarya occur also in the nucleus accumbens/pars posterior close to the lateral ventricle. They are also CSF-contacting neurons extending a process to the lateral ventricle. There are moderate distributions of VIP-reactive fibers in the area ventralis and in the area septalis.Ultrastructurally, the immunoreactive products against VIP are found in the elementary granules, 75–115 nm in diameter, within the nerve fibers in the median eminence.This investigation was supported by Scientific Research Grants No. 00556196, No. 56360027 and No. 56760183 from the Ministry of Education of Japan to Professor Mikami and Mr. Yamada 相似文献
6.
J. Balthazart V. Dupiereux N. Aste C. Viglietti-Panzica M. Barrese G. C. Panzica 《Cell and tissue research》1994,276(3):455-475
The medial preoptic nucleus of the Japanese quail is a testosterone-sensitive structure that is involved in the control of male copulatory behavior. The full understanding of the role played by this nucleus in the control of reproduction requires the identification of its afferent and efferent connections. In order to identify neural circuits involved in the control of the medial preoptic nucleus, we used the lipophilic fluorescent tracer DiI implanted in aldheyde-fixed tissue. Different strategies of brain dissection and different implantation sites were used to establish and confirm afferent and efferent connections of the nucleus. Anterograde projections reached the tuberal hypothalamus, the area ventralis of Tsai, and the substantia grisea centralis. Dense networks of fluorescent fibers were also seen in several hypothalamic nuclei, such as the anterior medialis hypothalami, the paraventricularis magnocellularis, and the ventromedialis hypothalami. A major projection in the dorsal direction was also observed from the medial preoptic nucleus toward the nucleus septalis lateralis and medialis. Afferents to the nucleus were seen from all these regions. Implantation of DiI into the substantia grisea centralis also revealed massive bidirectional connections with a large number of more caudal mesencephalic and pontine structures. The substantia grisea centralis therefore appears to be an important center connecting anterior levels of the brain to brain-stem nuclei that may be involved in the control of male copulatory behavior. 相似文献
7.
The distribution of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactive neurons in rat brain 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
John A. Olschowka Thomas L. O''Donohue Gregory P. Mueller David M. Jacobowitz 《Peptides》1982,3(6):995-1015
Using the indirect immunofluorescent technique, corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)-like immunoreactive nerve fibers and cell bodies were observed to be widely distributed in rat brain. A detailed stereotaxic atlas of CRF-like immunoreactive neurons was prepared. Large numbers of CRF-containing perikarya were observed in the nucleus paraventricularis, with scattered cells in the following nuclei: accumbens, interstitialis stria terminalis, preopticus medialis, supraopticus, periventricularis hypothalami, amygdaloideus centralis, dorsomedialis, substantia grisea centralis, parabrachialis dorsalis and ventralis, tegmenti dorsalis lateralis, vestibularis medialis, tractus solitarius and reticularis lateralis. The most intense staining of CRF-containing fibers was observed in the external lamina of the median eminence. Moderate numbers of CRF-like fibers were observed in the following nuclei: lateralis and medialis septi, tractus diagonalis, interstitialis stria terminalis, preopticus medialis, supraopticus, periventricularis thalami and hypothalami, paraventricularis, anterior ventralis and medialis thalami, rhomboideus, amygdaloideus centralis, habenulae lateralis, dorsomedialis, ventromedialis, substantia grisea centralis, cuneiformis, parabrachialis dorsalis and ventralis, tegmenti dorsalis lateralis, cerebellum, vestibularis medialis, reticularis lateralis, substantia gelatinosa trigemini and lamina I and II of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The present findings suggest that a CRF-like peptide may be involved in a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator role, as well as a hypophysiotropic role. 相似文献
8.
W. Bartels 《Cell and tissue research》1971,116(1):94-118
Zusammenfassung Vorkommen und Verteilung biogener Amine im Gehirn von Rana temporaria-Kaulquappen wurden fluoreszenzmikroskopisch untersucht. Catecholaminhaltige Perikaryen erscheinen ab Stadium 20 im Nucleus reticularis mesencephali, im Tuber cinereum und im Bulbus olfactorius, ab Stadium 22 in den Flügelplatten der Medulla oblongata und in der Area praeoptica. Ab Entwicklungsstufe 20 zeigen sich ventrolateral in Medulla oblongata und Mittelhirn, lateral vom Organon vasculosum hypothalami, im Bereich des medialen Vorderhirnbündels und im Striatum catecholaminhaltige Faseranschwellungen, ab Stadium 22 außerdem in der Eminentia mediana und dem Hypophysenzwischenlappen, in der Commissura transversa (bis zur Stufe 26), in der Commissura anterior (bis zur Stufe 26) und in der Pars ventrolateralis nuclei lateralis septi. Im Striatum ist von dieser Entwicklungsstufe an ein zweites Areal mit grün fluoreszierenden Varikositäten nachweisbar. Ab Stadium 26 finden sich auch in der Pars dorsolateralis des lateralen Septumkerns catecholaminhaltige Faseranschwellungen.Ab Entwicklungsstufe 22 sind 5-HT-haltige, gelb fluoreszierende Perikaryen im Nucleus raphes und in seiner Umgebung zu beobachten, gelb fluoreszierende Varikositäten im Nucleus interpeduncularis und zwischen medialem und lateralem Septumkern.
Ontogeny of the amine-containing nerve cell systems in the brain of Rana temporaria
Summary The occurrence and distribution of biogenic amines in the brain of Rana temporaria tadpoles have been investigated with the fluorescence-microscope. From the embryonic developmental stage 20 onwards catecholamine-containing cell bodies are shown to be present in the nucleus reticularis mesencephali, the tuber cinereum and the olfactory bulb, and from stage 22 onwards also within the dorsolateral areas of the medulla oblongata and within the preoptic area. Catecholamine-containing enlargements of nerve fibres occur in the ventrolateral parts of the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, in an area lateral to the hypothalamic organon vasculosum, within the region of the medial forebrain bundle and within the striatum, in all stages following stage 20. These enlargements also occur in the median eminence and the pars intermedia of the hypophysis, in the commissura transversa (up to stage 26), in the commissura anterior (also up to stage 26) and in the pars ventrolateralis nuclei lateralis septi in all stages after 22. From the same stage onwards a second area of green fluorescent varicosities can be demonstrated within the striatum. After stage 26 catecholamine-containing enlargements of nerve fibres additionally are to be found in the dorsolateral part of the lateral septal nucleus.After appearing at stage 22 5-HT-containing, yellow fluorescent perikarya are to be observed within the nucleus raphes and its neighbourhood, and yellow fluorescent varicosities in the interpeduncular nucleus and in an area between the medial and the lateral septal nucleus.
Herrn Professor Dr. med. W. Bargmann zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet. 相似文献
9.
N Bons C Bouillé H Vaudry V Guillaume 《Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série III, Sciences de la vie》1985,300(2):49-52
With immunofluorescence techniques using one anti-rat or two different anti-ovine CRF, the localization of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) producing neurons was characterized in frozen sections of pigeon brain. Colchicine was administered intraventricularly at various day hours. The CRF neurons were localized in the telencephalon: lobus parolfactorius, nucleus (n.) accumbens, anterior commissure; in the diencephalon: n. dorso-medialis and lateralis thalami and in different structures of the hypothalamus: n. praeopticus periventricularis and medialis, paraventricularis, supraopticus medialis, lateralis, ectomamillaris and in the stratum cellulare externum. Concerning the hypothalamic localizations, results are discussed in the light of physiological studies on corticotropic regulations in pigeons. Additional populations of CRF neurons were also located in various brainstem areas substantia grisea centralis, locus caeruleus, n. tegmenti dorsalis, sensorius principalis nervi trigemini, vestibularis latetalis, solitarius, nervi hypoglossi, in the dorsal area of the n. pontis lateralis and in the n. paramedianus paragiganto--cellularis, raphes, nervi facialis, subcaeruleus and the area ventralis. These particular localizations may lead to the assumption that CRF might be involved in nervous regulations other than those related to the corticotropic function. 相似文献
10.
Dr. Glenda M. Wright 《Cell and tissue research》1986,246(1):23-31
Summary Growth hormone, prolactin and somatostatinlike immunoreactivities were demonstrated in the brains of larval, young adult (parasitic) and upstream migrant adult sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus, by means of immunoperoxidase techniques. Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) were observed within separate perikarya in the nucleus praeopticus, within fibers in the commissura praeinfundibularis, and in nerve endings within the neurohypophysis of larval and adult-stage lampreys. Cell bodies demonstrating immunoreactive growth hormone were more numerous than those reactive for prolactin. Unlike in the upstream migrant adult lamprey, no GH or PRL was demonstrated in the adenohypophysis of larval or parasitic lamprey.Somatostatin (SRIF)-like immunoreactive neurons were demonstrated in the nucleus commissurae praeinfundibularis, anterior and posterior pars ventralis hypothalami, pars dorsalis thalami, and the tegmentum motorium rhombencephali of larval, parasitic and upstream migrant adult lampreys. Many of the SRIF containing neurons within the hypothalamus were cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting cells. SRIF fibers were found throughout most of the brain predominating within the nucleus praeopticus, pars ventralis hypothalami, and the nucleus interpeduncularis. No SRIF immunoreactivity was found within the neurophyophysis. The possible functions of these peptides within the brain of the lamprey are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Summary The distributional pattern of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the hypothalamus of the monkey (Macaca fuscata) was analyzed with the use of the peroxidaseantiperoxidase method in conjunction with a highly sensitive and specific anti-serotonin serum. The highest concentrations of serotonin-immunoreactive varicose fibers were found in the nucleus praeopticus medialis, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, and the complex of mammillary nuclei (nucleus praemamillaris, supramamillaris, mamillaris medialis et lateralis). However, the nucleus suprachiasmaticus, where numerous serotoninergic fibers have been reported to occur in the rat, appeared to be almost devoid of these fibers. The infundibular stalk, and the intermediate and posterior lobes of the pituitary contained considerable numbers of immunoreactive fibers. The present study provides a morphological basis for possible clarification of the influence of serotoninergic projections on various neuroendocrine mechanisms in primates. Furthermore, an attempt was made to clarify the differences and similarities concerning the distributional patterns of serotoninergic nerve fibers within the monkey hypothalamus in contrast to the rat hypothalamus.Supported by grants (No. 56440022, 57214028) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan 相似文献
12.
用羰花青荧光染料追踪家鸽顶盖与中脑核团的神经连接 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
本文用亲脂质荧光染羰花青(Carbocyanine)的衍生物——1.1’一二(十八烷基)—3,3,3,’3’—四甲基吲哚羰花青高氯酸盐(1,1’,dioctadecyl—3,3,3’,3’—tetramethyli-ndocarbocyanine perchlorate,dil),追踪了家鸽(Columba livia)顶盖深层与中脑核团的神经连接.结果表明,顶盖深层接收峡核大细胞部(Nucleus isthmi pars magnocellularis,Imc)以及动眼神核腹部(Nucleus nervi oculomotorii,pars ventralis,OMv)中脑外侧核背部(Nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis,pars dorsalis,MLd)的神经投射,本文还对这些结果与以前用类霍乱原-HRP(CB HRP)方法所得结果进行了比较分析. 相似文献
13.
Carassius RFamide (C-RFa) is a novel peptide found in the brain of the Japanese crucian carp. It has been demonstrated that mRNA of C-RFa is present in the telencephalon, optic tectum, medulla oblongata, and proximal half of the eyeball in abundance. Immunohistochemical methods were employed to elucidate the distribution of the peptide in the brain of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) in detail. C-RFaimmunoreactive perikarya were observed in the olfactory bulb, the area ventralis telencephali pars dorsalis and lateralis, nucleus preopticus, nucleus preopticus periventricularis, nucleus lateralis tuberis pars posterioris, nucleus posterioris periventricularis, nucleus ventromedialis thalami, nucleus posterioris thalami, nucleus anterior tuberis, the oculomotor nucleus, nucleus reticularis superior and inferior, facial lobe, and vagal lobe. C-RFa immunoreactive fibers and nerve endings were present in the olfactory bulb, olfactory tract, area dorsalis telencephali pars centralis and medialis, area ventralis telencephali, midbrain tegmentum, diencephalon, medulla oblongata and pituitary. However, in the optic tectum the immunopositive perikarya and fibers were less abundant. Based on these results, some possible functions of C-RFa in the nervous system were discussed. 相似文献
14.
Immunohistochemical localization of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the Japanese quail was studied by means of the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) method. CRF-immunopositive perikarya of parvocellular neurons were observed mainly in the nucleus praeopticus medialis and nucleus paraventricularis. Additional perikarya were also detected in the nucleus hypothalamicus posterior medialis in the hypothalamus and in the non-hypothalamic nucleus accumbens, nucleus septalis lateralis and nucleus dorsomedialis and dorsolateralis thalami. No CRF immunoreaction was found to coexist with the vasotocin (Vt)-containing system in comparative examination of consecutive sections treated with anti-vasopressin (Vp) serum. The CRF-immunoreactive fibers were detected mainly in the external layer of the anterior median eminence but not in its posterior division. Unilateral adrenalectomy induced the marked reduction in number of the CRF immunopositive fibers in the anterior median eminence. 相似文献
15.
Soihan L. Manocha 《The Histochemical journal》1970,2(3):249-260
Synopsis Histochemical investigations have been made on the localization of certain oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes in the different areas of rhesus monkey brain using unfixed, freshfrozen tissue and 3% glutaraldehyde-fixed material. After glutaraldehyde fixation, the oxidative enzymes lose most of their activity normally demonstrable in the fresh-frozen section. The hydrolytic enzymes are somewhat resistant to fixation but also lose about half of the enzyme activity observed after no fixing procedure. The glycogen is better preserved in the glutaraldehyde-fixed material compared to fresh-frozen or even formaldehyde-fixed tissue. The significance of these observations is discussed in relation to glutaraldehyde as a fixative of choice in electron histochemistry.List of abbreviations used in the Figures ALH
area lateralis hypothalami
- APH
area posterior hypothalami
- AS
aquaeductus Sylvii
- ATN
anterior thalamic nuclei
- BC
brachium conjunctivum
- CC
corpus callosum
- CD
nucleus caudatus
- CI
capsula interna
- CIS
cortex insularis
- CM
centrum medianum thalami
- COR
corona radiata
- CP
commissura posterior
- CSR
colliculus superior
- EM
eminentia medialis
- F
fornix
- GC
substantia grisea centralis
- GLM
corpus geniculatum laterale, magnocellular part
- GLP
corpus geniculatum laterale, parvocellular part
- GP
globus pallidus
- LD
nucleus lateralis dorsalis thalami
- LME
lamina medullaris externa thalami
- LMI
lamina medullaris interna thalami
- LP
nucleus lateralis posterior thalami
- MD
nucleus medialis dorsalis thalami
- ML
nucleus lateralis corpus mammillaris
- MM
nucleus medialis corpus mammillaris
- NC
nucleus centralis thalami
- NCI
nucleus colliculi inferioris
- NLL
nucleus lemnisci lateralis
- NR
nucleus ruber
- NSTH
nucleus subthalamicus
- N III
nervus oculomotorius
- PC
nucleus paracentralis thalami
- PCR
pedunculus cerebri
- PUT
Putamen
- PV
nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami
- R
nucleus reticularis thalami
- RU
nucleus reuniens thalami
- SM
stria medullaris thalami
- SMH
nucleus supramammillaris hypothalami
- SMT
nucleus submedius thalami
- SN
substantia nigra
- TO
tractus opticus
- VL
nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami
- VP
nucleus ventralis posterior thalami
- ZI
zona incerta
- II
ventriculus lateralis
- III
ventriculus tertius 相似文献
16.
W Schober 《Zeitschrift für mikroskopisch-anatomische Forschung》1983,97(3):409-426
The afferent and efferent connections of the Corpus geniculatum laterale, pars ventralis (Cglv) of the albino rat were investigated lightmicroscopically by using either silver degeneration methods and the HRP-method as well. In contrast to the dorsal Cgl the results show remarkably different afferent connections in the ventral Cgl. The afferent fibres originate from the following areas: a) Retina: the terminal degeneration area of optic fibres includes the lateral part of the Cglv only. b) Regio praetectalis: degenerating fibres from these region can also be observed in the medial part of the Cglv. c) Colliculus superior: degenerating fibres terminate mainly in the lateral part of the Cglv. In the superior colliculus these fibres originate particularly from the cells of lamina III. d) Visual cortex: neurons of layer V of area 17 project mainly to the lateral half of the Cglv. There was no evidence for a projecting of the parastriate cortex (area 18 a) to the Cglv. The efferent fibres reach the following target areas: a) Nucleus lateralis posterior, Regio praetectalis and Colliculus superior. Evidence for a projection to the dorsal Cgl requires further investigation. b) Zona incerta, Formatio reticularis mesencephali and Nucleus medialis et lateralis pontis. Neurons in the medial half ot eh Cglv project to the pons region. c) Crossing the Commissura posterior and the Commissura suprachiasmatica, efferent fibres reach the contralateral Cglv, the Regio praetectalis and the Colliculus superior. The results obtained from the rat are compared with findings from other mammalian species. The functional importance of the Cglv in the visual processes is discussed taking into consideration the specific connections. 相似文献
17.
The distribution of noradrenaline and adrenaline in the brain of the urodele amphibian Pleurodeles waltlii has been studied with antibodies raised against noradrenaline and the enzymes dopamine--hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase. Noradrenaline-containing cell bodies were found in the anterior preoptic area, the hypothalamic nucleus of the periventricular organ, the locus coeruleus and in the solitary tract/area postrema complex at the level of the obex. Noradrenergic fibers are widely distributed throughout the brain innervating particularly the ventrolateral forebrain, the medial amygdala, the lateral part of the posterior tubercle, the parabrachial region and the ventrolateral rhombencephalic tegmentum. Putative adrenergic cell bodies were found immediately rostral to the obex, ventral to the solitary tract. Whereas the cell bodies and their dendrites were Golgi-like stained, axons were more difficult to trace. Nevertheless, some weakly immunoreactive fibers could be traced to the basal forebrain. A comparison of these results with data previously obtained in anurans reveals not only several general features, but also some remarkable species differences.Abbreviations
Acc
Nucleus accumbens
-
AP
area postrema
-
Apl
amygdala, pars lateralis
-
Apm
amygdala, pars medialis
-
ca
commissura anterior
-
Cb
cerebellum
-
cc
central canal
-
Dp
dorsal pallium
-
epl
external plexiform layer
-
gl
glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb
-
H
ganglion habenulae
-
igl
internal granular layer
-
Ip
nucleus interpeduncularis
-
Lc
locus coeruleus
-
Ll
lateral line lobe
-
Lp
lateral pallium
-
Ls
lateral septum
-
ml
mitral cell layer
-
Mp
medial pallium
-
Ms
medial septum
-
nPT
nucleus pretectalis
-
NPv
nucleus of the periventricular organ
-
nV
nervus trigeminus
-
oc
optic chiasm
-
Poa
preoptic area
-
Ri
nucleus reticularis inferior
-
SC
nucleus suprachiasmaticus
-
sol
solitary tract
-
Str
striatum
- thd
thalamus dorsalis
-
thv
thalamus ventralis
-
To
tectum opticum
-
TP
tuberculum posterius
-
V
ventricle
-
VH
ventral hypothalamic nucleus
-
III
nucleus nervi oculomotorii
-
IXm
nucleus motorius nervi glossopharyngei
-
Xm
nucleus motorius nervi vagi 相似文献
18.
Heidi Faber Katharina Braun Werner Zuschratter Henning Scheich 《Cell and tissue research》1989,256(2):247-257
Summary The brain of young domestic chicks was investigated using a Timm sulfide silver method. Serial Vibratome sections were analyzed under the light microscope, and the localization of zinc-positive structures in selected areas was determined at the ultrastructural level. Both strong and differential staining was visible in the avian telencephalon whereas most subtelencephalic structures showed a pale reaction. The highest staining intensity was found in the nonprimary sensory regions of the telencephalon such as the hyperstriatum dorsale, hyperstriatum ventrale, hippocampus, palaeostriatum augmentatum, lobus parolfactorius and caudal parts of neostriatum. There was an overall gradient of staining intensity in neostriatal areas from rostral to caudal with the heaviest zinc deposits in the caudal neostriatum. Primary sensory projection areas, such as the ectostriatum (visual), hyperstriatum intercalatum superius (visual), nucleus basalis (beak representation), the input layer L2 of the auditory field L and the somatosensory area rostral to field L were selectively left unstained. Fiber tracts throughout the brain were free of zinc deposits except for glial cells. In electron micrographs of stained regions, silver grains were localized in some presynaptic boutons of asymmetric synapses (Gray type I), within the cytoplasm of neuronal somata and sporadically in the nucleus. The possible involvement of zinc in synaptic transmission and other processes is discussed.Abbreviations for Anatomical Structures used in the Text and Figures
Ac
Nucleus accumbens
-
Ad
Archistriatum dorsale
-
Ai
Archistriatum intermedium
-
Am
Archistriatum mediale
-
Ap
Archistriatum posterior
-
APH
Area parahippocampalis
-
BAS
Nucleus basalis
-
BO
Bulbus olfactorius
-
Cb
Cerebellum;
-
CbI
Nucleus cerebellaris internus
-
CbM
Nucleus cerebellaris intermedius
-
CDL
Area corticoidea dorsolateralis
-
CPi
Cortex piriformis
-
CT
Commissura tectalis
-
DMP
Nucleus dorsomedialis posterior thalami
-
E
Ectostriatum
-
H
Hyperstriatum
-
HA
Hyperstriatum accessorium
-
HD
Hyperstriatum dorsale
-
HIS
Hyperstriatum intercalatum superius
-
Hp
Hippocampus
-
HV
Hyperstriatum ventrale
-
ICo
Nucleus intercollicularis
-
Ipc
Nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis
-
L
Lingula
-
L
1, 2, 3
Field L
-
La
Nucleus laminaris
-
LFM
Lamina frontalis suprema
-
LFS
Lamina frontalis superior
-
LH
Lamina hyperstriatica
-
LMD
Lamina medullaris dorsalis
-
LNH
Rostrolateral neostriatum/Hyperstriatum ventrale
-
LPO
Lobus parolfactorius
-
M
Medulla
-
MLd
Nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis, pars dorsalis
-
MNH
Rostromedial neostriatum/Hyperstriatum ventrale
-
N
Neostriatum
-
NC
Neostriatum caudale
-
NEB
Nucleus of ectostriatal belt
-
NHA
Nucleus of HA
-
PA
Palaeostriatum augmentatum
-
Pap
Nucleus papillioformis
-
PL
Nucleus pontis lateralis
-
PP
Palaeostriatum primitivum
-
RP
Nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis
-
Rt
Nucleus rotundus
-
S
Nucleus septalis
-
SS
Somatosensory area
-
TeO
Tectum opticum
-
Tn
Nucleus taeniae
-
TPO
Area temporoparieto-occipitalis
-
V
Ventricle
-
Va
Vallecula 相似文献
19.
The distribution of VIP-like perikarya and fibers was determined throughout the chick brain. The most rostral immunoreactive perikarya were found to be cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons in the pars medialis of the lateral septal organ. Additional data were presented supporting the idea that the lateral septal organ is another circumventricular organ within the brain of birds (Kuenzel and van Tienhoven 1982). A large group of immunoreactive perikarya was found in the lateral hypothalamic area and appeared continuous with immunoreactive neurons in the anterior medial and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei (n). A few perikarya were located in the paraventricular hypothalamic n. A number of immunoreactive neurons were found within and about the infundibular and inferior hypothalamic n., none however was immunoreactive cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons. Immunoreactive perikarya were found predominantly in laminae 10–11 of the stratum griseum et fibrosum superficiale. A few scattered perikarya were found ventromedial to the n. tegmenti pedunculo-pontinus pars compacta and locus ceruleus. Some of the immunoreactivity was unusual, being very homogeneous within the cell body with little evidence of the material in the axon or dendrites. Perikarya were found in the central gray, n. intercollicularis, and area ventralis of Tsai. The most caudal structure showing immunoreactive neurons was the n. reticularis paragigantocellularis lateralis. Brain areas containing the most abundant immunoreactive fibers, listed from the rostral-most location, were found in the ventromedial region of the lobus parolfactorius and the lateral septal n. Continuing caudally, there were immunoreactive fibers within the periventricular hypothalamic n.; some of the fibers were found to travel for some distance parallel to the third ventricle. Dense immunoreactive fibers were found in the tractus cortico-habenularis et cortico-septalis, medial habenular n. and posterior and dorsal n. of the archistriatum. A number of areas had what appeared to be baskets of immunoreactive fibers (perhaps immunoreactive terminals) surrounding non-reactive perikarya. Brain areas containing terminals included the piriform cortex, area ventralis of Tsai, interpeduncular n., and specific regions of the stratum griseum et fibrosum superficiale. A very dense immunoreactivity occurred within the external zone of the median eminence, the dorsolateral parabrachial n., and n. tractus solitarii. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide appears to be a useful peptide for defining the neuroanatomical constituents of the visceral forebrain in birds. 相似文献
20.
Summary The septal region represents an important telencephalic center integrating neuronal activity of cortical areas with autonomous processes. To support the functional analysis of this brain area in the guinea pig, the afferent connections to the lateral septal nucleus were investigated by the use of iontophoretically applied horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Retrogradely labeled perikarya were located in telencephalic, diencephalic, mesencephalic and metencephalic sites. The subnuclei of the lateral septum (pars dorsalis, intermedia, ventralis, posterior) receive afferents from the (i) medial septal nucleus, diagonal band of Broca (pars horizontalis and pars ventralis), and the principal nucleus of the stria terminalis, the hippocampus, and amygdala (nucleus medialis); (ii) the medial habenular nucleus, and the para- (peri-) ventricular, parataenial and reuniens nuclei of the thalamus; the anterior, lateral and posterior hypothalamic areas in particular, the medial and lateral preoptic, suprachiasmatic, periventricular, paraventricular, arcuate, premammillary, and supramammillary nuclei; (iii) the periaquaeductal grey, ventral tegmental area, nucleus interfascicularis, nucleus reticularis linearis, central linear nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus; (iv) dorsal and medial raphe complex, and locus coeruleus. Each subnucleus of the lateral septum displays an individual, differing pattern of afferents from the above-described regions. Based on a double-labeling method, the vasopressinergic and serotonergic afferents to the lateral septum were found to originate in the nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami and the raphe nuclei, respectively.Abbreviations
ARC
arcuate nucleus
-
BNST
bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
-
CL
central linear nucleus
-
DBBh
diagonal band of Broca (pars horizontalis)
-
DBBv
diagonal band of Broca (pars ventralis)
-
DR
dorsal raphe nucleus
-
HC
hippocampus
-
IF
interfascicular nucleus
-
IP
interpeduncular nucleus
-
LC
locus coeruleus
-
LDT
laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
-
LHA
lateral hypothalamic area
-
LPO
lateral preoptic area
-
LSN
lateral septal nucleus
-
MA
medial amygdaloid nucleus
-
MH
medial habenular nucleus
-
MPO
medial preoptic region
-
MR
medial raphe nucleus
-
MSN
medial septal nucleus
-
PAG
periaquaeductal grey
-
PEN
periventricular nucleus
-
PHA
posterior hypothalamic area
-
PMd
premammillary region (pars dorsalis)
-
PMv
premammillary region (pars ventralis)
-
PT
parataenial nucleus
-
PVN
paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus
-
PVT
paraventricular thalamic nucleus
-
RE
nucl. reuniens
-
RL
nucl. reticularis linearis
-
SCN
suprachiasmatic nucleus
-
SMl
supramammillary region (pars lateralis)
-
SMm
supramammillary region (pars medialis)
-
SUB
subiculum
-
TS
triangular septal nucleus
-
VTA
ventral tegmental area
-
ac
anterior commissure
-
bc
brachium conjunctivum
-
bp
brachium pontis
-
cc
corpus callosum
-
fr
fasciculus retroflexus
-
fx
fornix
-
ml
medial lemniscus
-
mlf
fasciculus longitudinalis medialis
-
mp
mammillary peduncle
-
mt
mammillary tract
-
oc
optic chiasm
-
on
optic nerve
-
pc
posterior commissure
-
pt
pyramidal tract
-
sm
stria medullaris
-
st
stria terminalis
-
vhc
ventral hippocampal commissure
Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Nu 36/2-1) 相似文献