广东小毛瓢虫四新种记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科:小毛瓢虫族)

本文记述小毛瓢虫属Scymnus Kugelann 的四个新种,均采自广东省鼎湖山自然保护区,新种的模式标本保藏于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。 在小毛瓢虫属中,小毛瓢虫亚属Scymnus(Scymnus)Kugelann和小瓢虫亚属Scymnus (Pullus) Mulsant是常见的两亚属,二者的主要区别是:前者后基线不完整,末端伸向腹片的前缘;后者后基线完整,末端伸达腹片的前缘。然而,已经发现一些种,例如Scymnus(Pullus)posticalis Sicard 其中一些个体的后基线伸达前缘而另一些个体的后     

湖北省武当山食植瓢虫属一新种（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）

记述食植瓢虫1新种：锤端食植瓢虫Epilachna malleforma sp.nov.,采自湖北省武当山南岩,模式标本存中国热带农业科学研究院植物保护研究所。     

中国原伪瓢虫属二新种记述(鞘翅目,伪瓢虫科)

记述中国伪瓢虫科原伪瓢虫属Eumorphus Weber,1801 2新种,即宽边原伪瓢虫E.letilimarginatus sp.nov.和尖齿原伪瓢虫E.dentatus sp.nov..模式标本分别保存于河北大学博物馆和中国科学院动物研究所博物馆.     

基于12S,16S和28S rRNA基因序列的中国小毛瓢虫属系统发育分析

【目的】小毛瓢虫属Scymnus Kugelann昆虫主要捕食蚜虫、蚧虫等害虫,是一类经济上重要的天敌昆虫。目前针对小毛瓢虫属的系统发育研究尚属空白,亚属之间的系统演化关系尚不明确,为了建立合理的分类系统,亟需对小毛瓢虫属的亲缘关系进行研究和探讨。【方法】以华南农业大学馆藏的小毛瓢虫属5亚属共44种为研究对象,采用PCR技术对12S, 16S和28S rRNA基因的部分序列进行扩增;运用MEGA 7.0分析了小毛瓢虫属内12S, 16S和28S rRNA基因的碱基组成,基于K2P模型计算了小毛瓢虫属44种的种间遗传距离;采用最大似然法(maximum-likelihood, ML)和贝叶斯推断法(Bayesian-inference, BI)构建该属的系统发育树。【结果】扩增获得小毛瓢虫属44种的12S rRNA基因序列平均长度为356 bp, 16S rRNA基因序列平均长度为351 bp, 28S rRNA基因序列平均长度为315 bp;序列分析表明,12S rRNA基因的A, T, G和C平均含量分别为38.8%, 43.5%, 11.9%和5.8%, 16S rRNA基因的A, T, G和C平均含量分别为37.6%, 40.3%, 14.4%和7.7%, 28S rRNA基因的A, T, G和C平均含量分别为26.7%, 18.3%, 31.4%和23.5%;基于联合序列分析的种间遗传距离为0.004～0.276,平均遗传距离为0.115。系统发育分析结果表明,小毛瓢虫属为单系起源,而小毛瓢虫亚属Scymnus(Scymnus) Kugelann、毛瓢虫亚属Scymnus(Neopullus) Sasaji、小瓢虫亚属Scymnus(Pullus) Mulsant和拟小瓢虫亚属Scymnus(Parapullus) Yang均为并系起源。【结论】基于12S, 16S和28S rRNA基因序列的小毛瓢虫属系统发育分析显示传统的形态学分类体系与基于分子数据分析的结果部分不一致,这表明应该对该属内各亚属的鉴别特征进行全面检视,筛选并确立各亚属的形态指标,同时也表明该属内的亚属分类单元需重新厘定。     

中国伪瓢虫科一新纪录属及一新种记述(鞘翅目,扁甲总科)

记述中国伪瓢虫科1新纪录属及1新种,即宽伪瓢虫属Amphisternus Germar,赤疣宽伪瓢虫A.rufituberus sp.nov.,给出了该属世界已知12种的检索表.正模及1副模标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所标本馆,1副模保存于河北大学博物馆.     

星盘瓢虫属一新种(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)

星盘瓢虫属Phrynocaria Timberlake,1943是瓢虫科、瓢虫亚科中的一个小属,世界已知仅两种,其中分布于我国的一种——红星盘瓢虫Phrynocaria congener(Billberg,1908)(=Coelophora congener(schoenherr):刘崇乐,1963)(=四眼盘瓢虫Coelophora approximans Crotch:刘崇乐,1963),分布于四川、福建、广东、广西及日本,印度。本文报道一新种——黑缘星盘瓢虫,新种Phrynocaria nigrilimbata sp.nov.,模式标本存中国科学院动物研究所。     

广东小毛瓢虫新种记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)

广东省龙门县南昆山自然保护区,位于北回归线上,植物种类丰富,瓢虫种类也较多,我们准备继续采集和整理。本文记述属于小毛瓢虫属的两新种。模式标本保存于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。量度均为毫米。 南昆小瓢虫Scymnus (Pullus)nankunicus新种 雄 体长1.4;体宽1.0。虫体外缘卵形,中度隆起,背面披黄白色绒毛,鞘翅上绒毛排列成“S”形。头部黄色,复眼黑色,上颚末端黄褐色。前胸背板浅黄褐色。小盾片黑褐色     

菠萝洁粉蚧天敌调查及香港角毛瓢虫的捕食作用研究

调查发现我国雷州半岛菠萝洁粉蚧Dysmicoccus brevipes的天敌有4科8种,其中香港角毛瓢虫Horniolus hisamatsui Miyatake、丽草蛉Chrysopa formosa Brauer及一种瘿蚊Aphidoletes sp是优势天敌。香港角毛瓢虫Hhisamatsui、细毛小瓢虫Scymnus (Pullus) syoitii Sasaji为广东新记录种。香港角毛瓢虫Hhisamatsui捕食菠萝洁粉蚧的量随猎物密度的增大而增加,且随着龄次的增加而增加,但当猎物密度达到一定程度后,其增长率就随猎物密度的增大逐渐减缓,即捕食量与猎物密度为逆密度制约关系,呈负加速曲线,以Holling(1959）圆盘方程进行模拟的结果是属于Holling-Ⅱ型。香港角毛瓢虫1龄、2龄、3龄、4龄幼虫和成虫对菠萝洁粉蚧2 龄若虫的理论最大捕食量分别为1153头/天、2611头/天、6173头/天、7042头/天、7407头/天。     

湖北神农架缺脉舞虻亚属五新种(双翅目,舞虻科)(英文)

记述湖北神农架缺脉舞虻亚属Coptophlebia 5新种,即端鬃缺脉舞虻Empis (Coptophlebia) apiciseta sp. nov.,基黄缺脉舞虻E. (C.) basiflava sp. nov.,指突缺脉舞虻E. (C.)digitata sp. nov.,白毛缺脉舞虻E. (C.) pallipilosa sp. nov.,后鬃缺脉舞虻E. (C.) posticasp. nov.。     

中国切叶蜂属十四新种记述(蜜蜂总科,切叶蜂科)

记述切叶蜂科切叶蜂属Megachile Latreille 7亚属14新种:Megachile(Eutricharaea )laminopeds sp.nov.,Megachile ( Amegachile ) alboplumula sp. nov. , Megachile ( Xanthosaurus ) plumatus sp. nov., Megachile ( Xanthosaurus) hei sp. nov., Megachile (Xanthosaurus) silvapis sp. nov., Megachile (Pseudomegachile) eurycephala sp. nov.,Megachile ( Pseudomegachile ) nigropectoralis sp. nov.,Megachile (Pseudomegachile) sphenapis sp. nov., Megachile (Callomegachile) gigas sp. nov. , Megachile ( Callomegachile ) rhyssalus sp. nov. , Megachile ( Lagella ) hubeiensis sp. nov,Megachile ( Lagella ) trizonata sp. nov. , Megachile ( Chelostomoda ) nigroapicalis sp. nov. , Megachile ( Chelostomoda ) crabipedes sp.nov..采自云南、海南、湖北、四川、贵州等地. 模式标本均保存于中国科学院动物研究所.     

脉红螺Rapana venosa(Valenciennes)生殖系统的组织解剖学研究

脉红螺为雌雄异体。雄性生殖系统包括8部分:精巢、输精小管、贮精囊、输精管、前列腺、输精管外套段Ⅰ、输精管外套段Ⅱ和阴茎。雌性生殖系统包括7部分:卵巢、输卵小管、输卵管Ⅰ段、纳精囊、输卵管Ⅱ段、蛋白腺和产卵器。 脉红螺精子形成过程中有精子细胞团形成。精子线形,由头段、中段和尾段构成。头段核基部内凹形成倒“U”形管;中段有丝状线粒体鞘,螺旋缠绕轴丝;尾段由9条粗纤维包围‘9+2’型轴丝构成。 本文亦对前列腺、蛋白腺及蛋白质卵黄粒等的超微结构作了观察。     

NUTRITION OF TRIDACHIA CRISPATA (MORCH) (SACOGLOSSA)

Autotrophic nutrition plays an important role in adult Tridachiacrispata in the western Atlantic Ocean and results from an endosymbioticassociation between the sacoglossan and the kleptoplastids ofChlorophyta. A series of living specimens 7-80 mm in length was studied inthe laboratory. After a body length of 10 mm has been attained,the parapodial lobes of the two sides meet and fuse. Microscopicexamination of faecal strings of specimens undergoing this transitionrevealed that algal remains were produced only by juvenilesless than 13 mm long. Larger specimens defaecated only rarelyand the diminutive faecal strings contained no recognizablealgal debris. This transition probably parallels the physiologicaltransition between juvenile heterotrophic nutrition and adultautotrophic nutrition. Microscopic examination of the radulae of transitional specimensshowed no diminution of the size, number or morphology of theteeth. This indicates that in an emergency heterotrophic nutritionmay be resumed. Growth rates of Tridachia were measured in the laboratory, withand without light and the provision of algal foods. Unfed animalslost weight rather rapidly in captivity, whereas those fed uponsuitable algae (Halimeda discoidea, Caulerpa verticillata, C.racemosa and Chaetomorpha sp) did not.Caulerpa sertularioideswas suitable for food for a limited time, but proved toxic afterabout a week. Of the other species tested, Caulerpa verticillatawas the least suitable, while Halimeda, Chaetomorpha and Caulerparacemosa were the best. Ironically, C. verticillata was theonly one of the algal species tested which is known to be takenin the natural diet in Floridean waters. These experiments confirmedthat heterotrophic feeding will be resumed in Tridachia if theculture-conditions do not favour autotrophic nutrition.     

中国甲螨名录(Ⅰ)(蜱螨亚纲:甲螨亚目)

Preface The research on Chinese oribatid mites was started in the 1920's, when A. Jacot recorded 10 oribatid species from Beijing (Peking) and Shandong (Shantung). In the 1980s', Chinese acarologists noticed the necessity of studying soil mites, which were poorly investigated and reported during the past 60 years. Along with the adoption of more open policy in China, the academic exchange and coopera     

竹亚科刚竹属植物的修订(I)

在标本（包括许多模式标本）查考和居群调研的基础上,对刚竹属Ｐｈｙｌｌｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓ Ｓｉｅｂ．ｅｔ Ｚｕｃｃ．一些类群的分类问题进行了评注,其中将遂昌雷竹Ｐｈ．ｐｒｉｍｏｔｉｎａ Ｗｅｎ作为不同于红壳雷竹Ｐｈ．ｉｎｃａｒｎａｔａ Ｗｅｎ的１个独立的竹种看待;８个拉丁学名被减为异名;Ｐｈ．ｈｅｔｅｒｏｃｌａｄａ Ｏｌｉｖ．ｆ．ｓｏｌｉｄａ（Ｓ．Ｌ．Ｃｈｅｎ）Ｃ．Ｐ．Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｚ．Ｈ．Ｙｕ因其     

长须杵蚊雌蚊的描述(双翅目:蚊科)

长须杵蚊Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ(Ｒａｃｈｉｏｎｏｔｏｍｙｉａ)ｌｏｎｇｉｐｌｐｉｓＤｏｎｇ,ＺｈｏｕｅｔＤｏｎｇ,1997系董学书等采自云南省西双版纳的雄蚊、蛹及幼虫描述,最近又采获一批幼虫,经饲养获雌、雄各3只,雌蚊描述如下。长须杵蚊Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ...     

MORPHOLOGY OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF DACUS TRYONI (FROGGATT) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

Abstract
External features of the puparium, larvae and egg of the Queensland fruit fly, Dacus (Bactrocera) tryoni (Froggatt) were studied by scanning electron microscopy and significant morphological characters are described and illustrated. Cephalopharyngeal skeletons are described from examination by light microscopy.